CN114690479A - Liquid crystal geometric phase device, preparation method thereof and detection device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal geometric phase device, preparation method thereof and detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114690479A CN114690479A CN202210394664.5A CN202210394664A CN114690479A CN 114690479 A CN114690479 A CN 114690479A CN 202210394664 A CN202210394664 A CN 202210394664A CN 114690479 A CN114690479 A CN 114690479A
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003098 cholesteric effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 86
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 10
- UWCWUCKPEYNDNV-LBPRGKRZSA-N 2,6-dimethyl-n-[[(2s)-pyrrolidin-2-yl]methyl]aniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1NC[C@H]1NCCC1 UWCWUCKPEYNDNV-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
- G02F1/133541—Circular polarisers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
- G02F1/133543—Cholesteric polarisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13718—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a change of the texture state of a cholesteric liquid crystal
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a liquid crystal geometric phase device, a preparation method thereof and a detection device. The liquid crystal geometric phase device comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a bimanual coexisting liquid crystal layer, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, the bimanual coexisting liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the bimanual coexisting liquid crystal layer comprises a first rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer and a second rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer which coexist; a first alignment layer is arranged on one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and a second alignment layer is arranged on one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, a uniformly distributed bimanual coexisting system is formed by the first handcholesteric liquid crystal and the second handcholesteric liquid crystal, so that the self-selection selective geometric phase regulation and control of the traditional cholesteric liquid crystal can be broken through, the simultaneous reflection and geometric phase modulation of the bi-chiral circularly polarized light can be realized, and the generation of broadband reflection type vortex light and vector light is specifically shown.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal microstructures and planar optics, in particular to a liquid crystal geometric phase device, a preparation method thereof and a detection device.
Background
The reflected light of the cholesteric liquid crystal contains a geometric phase modulation effect, which provides a new platform for the development of the field of planar optics.
However, the traditional cholesteric liquid crystal is limited by a single-chiral spiral structure, only single-chiral circularly polarized light can be modulated, simultaneous modulation of double-chiral circularly polarized light cannot be realized, and superposition of corresponding conjugate geometric phases cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a liquid crystal geometric phase device, a preparation method thereof and a detection device, wherein the liquid crystal geometric phase device utilizes a first rotating cholesteric liquid crystal and a second rotating cholesteric liquid crystal to form a double-chiral coexistence system with uniform distribution, so as to break through self-selection selective geometric phase regulation of the traditional cholesteric liquid crystal, realize simultaneous reflection and geometric phase modulation of double-chiral circularly polarized light, and specifically show that broadband reflection type vortex light and vector light are generated.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid crystal geometric phase device, including a first substrate, a second substrate, and a two-handed coexisting liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate, where the two-handed coexisting liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal layer in which a first handed cholesteric liquid crystal and a second handed cholesteric liquid crystal coexist, and the first handed cholesteric liquid crystal and the second handed cholesteric liquid crystal form a staggered liquid crystal micro-region;
a first alignment layer is arranged on one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and a second alignment layer is arranged on one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate;
wherein the first and second cholesteric liquid crystals have different spin directions, the first and second alignment layers have the same alignment direction, and the first and second alignment layers have control patterns in which the molecular directors are periodically and gradually distributed.
Optionally, the liquid crystal geometric phase device is a liquid crystal vortex light generator, the molecular directors of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer have a control pattern with an angular gradient distribution, so that the liquid crystal molecular directors are in gradient distribution of 0 ° to 180 °, and the distribution of the liquid crystal molecular directors satisfies: α ═ q θ + α0(ii) a Alpha represents the azimuth angle of the director of the liquid crystal molecules, q is a half value of the topological charge of the vortex light, theta is the azimuth angle, and alpha0Is the initial azimuth.
Optionally, the first handedness cholesteric liquid crystal is a left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal, the second handedness cholesteric liquid crystal is a right-handed cholesteric liquid crystal, or the first handedness cholesteric liquid crystal is a right-handed cholesteric liquid crystal, and the second handedness cholesteric liquid crystal is a left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal.
Optionally, the liquid crystal display further includes a spacer located between the first substrate and the second substrate, where the spacer is used to support the first substrate and the second substrate, and form a filling space of the achiral coexistent liquid crystal layer.
Optionally, the extending length of the spacer particles along the direction perpendicular to the first substrate and the second substrate is greater than or equal to 10 times of the pitch of liquid crystal molecules in the first chiral cholesteric liquid crystal.
Optionally, the spacer particles include at least one of quartz microspheres and quartz columns.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal geometric phase device, where the method is used to manufacture the above liquid crystal geometric phase device, and includes:
providing a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged;
forming a first orientation layer on one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and forming a second orientation layer on one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate;
preparing a bimanual coexisting liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate to form a liquid crystal geometric phase device;
the dual-chiral coexisting liquid crystal layer comprises a liquid crystal layer in which first spin-cholesteric liquid crystal and second spin-cholesteric liquid crystal coexist, the first spin-cholesteric liquid crystal and the second spin-cholesteric liquid crystal form staggered liquid crystal micro-regions, the spin directions of the first spin-cholesteric liquid crystal and the second spin-cholesteric liquid crystal are different, the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer have the same alignment direction, and the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer have control patterns with periodic gradual distribution of molecular directors.
Optionally, preparing a bimanual coexistent liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate includes:
filling a first spin cholesteric phase liquid crystal and polymerization monomer mixture into the filling area, and after the anchoring of the orientation layer is completed, placing the liquid crystal box under an ultraviolet light source to complete polymerization to form a polymer network;
soaking the polymerized liquid crystal box in acetone, and washing off molecules which do not undergo polymerization reaction;
placing the washed liquid crystal box with the polymer network on a hot stage, and heating to volatilize acetone molecules;
and filling a liquid crystal box with a polymer network and completely volatilizing the acetone molecules with second chiral cholesteric liquid crystals.
Optionally, before the preparing the bimanual coexistent liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, the method further comprises:
forming spacer particles between the first substrate and the second substrate;
wherein, along the direction vertical to the first substrate and the second substrate, the extension length of the spacer particles is more than or equal to 10 times of the helical pitch of liquid crystal molecules in the first spin cholesteric liquid crystal.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for detecting optical characteristics of a liquid crystal geometric phase device, including a generating unit and a detecting unit of vortex light and vector light;
the generation unit comprises a laser, a half-wave plate, a quarter-wave plate, a beam splitter, a diaphragm and the liquid crystal geometric phase device which are sequentially arranged along a first direction coaxial axis, the detection unit comprises a modulator and a receiving screen which are sequentially arranged along a second direction, the modulator comprises a linear polaroid or a cylindrical lens, and the first direction and the second direction are crossed;
the light beam output by the laser sequentially passes through the half-wave plate, the quarter-wave plate, the beam splitter and the diaphragm for transmission and then enters the liquid crystal geometric phase device, the liquid crystal geometric phase device performs geometric phase modulation and reflection on the incident light beam, and the reflected light beam is received by the receiving screen after passing through the diaphragm for transmission, the beam splitter for reflection and the modulator for transmission.
The liquid crystal geometric phase device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a double-handed coexisting liquid crystal layer, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, the double-handed coexisting liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate and comprises a first rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer and a second rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer which coexist, and the first rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer and the second rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer form a staggered liquid crystal micro-region; a first alignment layer is arranged on one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and a second alignment layer is arranged on one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate; the first spin-direction cholesteric liquid crystal and the second spin-direction cholesteric liquid crystal have different spin directions, the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer have the same alignment direction, and the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are provided with control patterns with molecular directors in periodic gradual distribution. The bimanual coexisting liquid crystal layer comprises a liquid crystal layer in which a first rotary cholesteric phase and a second rotary cholesteric phase coexist, and the first rotary cholesteric liquid crystal and the second rotary cholesteric liquid crystal form crisscross liquid crystal micro-regions on a sub-wavelength scale, so that a bimanual coexisting system which is uniformly distributed is formed in the box; the first spin-to-cholesteric liquid crystal and the second spin-to-cholesteric liquid crystal are anchored by the upper and lower surface orientation layers and are in a spiral structure of cholesteric liquid crystal under the action of a chiral agent, the first spin-to-cholesteric liquid crystal is in a cholesteric liquid crystal polymer network form, and a stable polymer network is formed through an ultraviolet light polymerization process; the second spin-direction cholesteric liquid crystal is in a cholesteric liquid crystal form, and a spiral structure is formed by a chiral agent, so that the spin-selective geometric phase regulation of the traditional cholesteric liquid crystal is broken through, the simultaneous reflection and geometric phase modulation of the dual-chiral circularly polarized light are realized, and the generation of broadband reflection type vortex light and vector light is specifically shown.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a y-z side structure of a liquid crystal geometric phase device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting optical characteristics of a liquid crystal geometric phase device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a diffraction optical path representing spots for a liquid crystal phase device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal geometric phase device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for manufacturing a geometric phase of liquid crystal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a spectrum characterization result of a liquid crystal geometric phase device before polymerization and after refilling according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of micrographs of a liquid crystal geometric phase device before polymerization and after refilling according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention are used in the angle shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, in this context, it is also to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly formed on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly formed on" or "under" the other element through an intermediate element. The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and not for purposes of limitation, and do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a y-z side structure of a geometric phase device of a liquid crystal according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the geometric phase device of a liquid crystal according to the embodiment includes a first substrate 10, a second substrate 20, and a two-handed coexisting liquid crystal layer 30 located between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, where the two-handed coexisting liquid crystal layer 30 includes a liquid crystal layer where a first handed cholesteric liquid crystal 31 and a second handed cholesteric liquid crystal 32 coexist, and the first handed cholesteric liquid crystal 31 and the second handed cholesteric liquid crystal 32 form an interleaved liquid crystal micro-domain; a first alignment layer 40 is arranged on one side of the first substrate 10 facing the second substrate 20, and a second alignment layer 50 is arranged on one side of the second substrate 30 facing the first substrate 10; the first spin cholesteric liquid crystal 31 and the second spin cholesteric liquid crystal 32 have different spin directions, the first alignment layer 40 and the second alignment layer 50 have the same alignment direction, and the first alignment layer 40 and the second alignment layer 50 have control patterns in which the molecular directors are periodically distributed in a gradient manner.
The material system with coexistence of both hands has a mature 'washing-and-refilling' preparation process, provides a material basis for realizing one hundred percent reflection of cholesteric liquid crystal, and is stable and repeatable. The first alignment layer 40 and the second alignment layer 50 can be aligned by the photoalignment technology, liquid crystal molecules between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are anchored, and random geometric phase control is realized. The first spin cholesteric liquid crystal 31 and the second spin cholesteric liquid crystal 32 are anchored by the upper and lower surface orientation layers and take on a helical structure of cholesteric liquid crystal under the action of a chiral agent. Specifically, the first handedness cholesteric liquid crystal 31 is cholestericThe phase liquid crystal polymer network form forms a stable polymer network through an ultraviolet light polymerization process; the second handedness cholesteric liquid crystal 32 is in a cholesteric liquid crystal form, and a helical structure is formed by a chiral agent. The first rotation direction may be left rotation or right rotation, the second rotation direction may be right rotation or left rotation, optionally, the first rotation direction cholesteric liquid crystal 31 may be left rotation cholesteric liquid crystal, the second rotation direction cholesteric liquid crystal 32 may be right rotation cholesteric liquid crystal, or the first rotation direction cholesteric liquid crystal 31 may be right rotation cholesteric liquid crystal, and the second rotation direction cholesteric liquid crystal 32 may be left rotation cholesteric liquid crystal, which may be selected according to actual situations in specific implementation. The first and second alignment layers 40 and 50 may include at least one of a photo-crosslinking material, a photo-degradable material, and a photo-cis-trans isomerisable material. The materials are photo-alignment materials, and can generate physical or chemical reaction under the irradiation of ultraviolet polarized light to generate anisotropic surface acting force so as to induce the oriented arrangement of liquid crystal molecules. In one embodiment, optionally, the liquid crystal geometric phase device is a liquid crystal vortex light generator, and the molecular directors of the first alignment layer 40 and the second alignment layer 50 have a control pattern with an azimuthally graded distribution such that the liquid crystal molecular directors are graded between 0 ° and 180 °, and the liquid crystal molecular director distribution satisfies: α ═ q θ + α0(ii) a Alpha represents the azimuth angle of the director of the liquid crystal molecules, q is a half value of the topological charge of the vortex light, theta is the azimuth angle, and alpha0Is the initial azimuth angle to achieve the generation of broadband reflective vortex light and vector light. In other embodiments, the molecular directors of the first alignment layer 40 and the second alignment layer 50 may be designed as other control patterns, and the specific implementation may be designed according to the actual situation.
With continued reference to fig. 1, optionally, the liquid crystal geometric phase device further includes a spacer 60 located between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, wherein the spacer 60 is used to support the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 to form a filling space for the bimanual coexisting liquid crystal layer 30.
It is to be understood that fig. 1 illustrates only a positional relationship of the spacer 60 for supporting the first and second substrates 10 and 20, and not actual sizes and proportions. Optionally, the extending length of the spacer 60 along the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 is greater than or equal to 10 times the pitch of the liquid crystal molecules in the first chiral cholesteric liquid crystal 31. In specific implementation, the spacer 60 may optionally include at least one of a quartz microsphere and a quartz column, and the specific implementation may be designed according to actual situations.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the bimanual coexisting liquid crystal layer comprises a first handedness cholesteric phase and a second handedness cholesteric phase coexisting liquid crystal layer, and the first handedness cholesteric phase liquid crystal and the second handedness cholesteric phase liquid crystal form a crisscross liquid crystal micro-region on a sub-wavelength scale, so that a uniformly distributed bimanual coexisting system is formed in a box; the first spin-to-cholesteric liquid crystal and the second spin-to-cholesteric liquid crystal are anchored by the upper and lower surface orientation layers and are in a spiral structure of cholesteric liquid crystal under the action of a chiral agent, the first spin-to-cholesteric liquid crystal is in a cholesteric liquid crystal polymer network form, and a stable polymer network is formed through an ultraviolet light polymerization process; the second rotating cholesteric liquid crystal is in a cholesteric liquid crystal form, and a spiral structure is formed by a chiral agent, so that the self-selection selective geometric phase regulation and control of the traditional cholesteric liquid crystal are broken through, the simultaneous reflection and geometric phase modulation of the dual-chiral circularly polarized light are realized, and the generation of broadband reflection type vortex light and vector light is specifically shown.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting optical characteristics of a liquid crystal geometric phase device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a detection apparatus including a vortex light and vector light generating unit 100 and a detection unit 200. The vortex light and vector light generating unit 100 comprises a laser 101, a half-wave plate 102, a quarter-wave plate 103, a beam splitter 104, a diaphragm 105 and any one of the liquid crystal geometric phase devices 106 provided by the above embodiments, which are sequentially arranged along a common optical axis in a first direction, the detection unit 200 comprises a modulator 201 and a receiving screen 202, which are sequentially arranged along a second direction, the modulator 201 comprises a linear polarizer or a cylindrical lens, and the first direction and the second direction are crossed; the light beam output by the laser 101 is transmitted by the half-wave plate 102, the quarter-wave plate 103, the beam splitter 104 and the diaphragm 105 in sequence and then enters the liquid crystal geometric phase device 106, the liquid crystal geometric phase device 106 performs geometric phase modulation and reflection on the incident light beam, and the reflected light beam is received by the receiving screen 202 after being transmitted by the diaphragm 105, reflected by the beam splitter 104 and transmitted by the modulator 201.
Exemplarily, referring to fig. 2, the generating unit 100 includes a laser 101, a half-wave plate 102, a quarter-wave plate 103, a beam splitter 104, a diaphragm 105 and a liquid crystal geometric phase device 106, which are sequentially arranged along a negative direction of a z-axis (the z-axis is the same as the z-axis in fig. 1, and is perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate, i.e., the first direction); and a modulator 201 and a receiving screen 202 located in a direction perpendicular to the z direction (the negative direction of the y axis in fig. 1, the same direction as in fig. 1, i.e., the second direction). The arrangement of the optical devices is merely illustrative and is not a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. When the incident light is circularly polarized light, the modulator 201 detects the vortex rotation topological charge using a cylindrical lens; when the incident light is linearly polarized light, the modulator 201 detects the vector light polarization distribution using a linearly polarizing plate.
Fig. 3 is a diagram for characterizing a speckle pattern by a diffraction optical path of a geometric phase device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 3, when the incident light is right-handed circularly polarized light (RCP), a vortex light spot can be obtained, and a cylindrical lens is used to detect that the vortex optical topological charge is positive one (m ═ 1), which corresponds to the upper left two graphs in fig. 3; when the incident light is left-handed circularly polarized Light (LCP), a vortex light spot can be obtained, and a cylindrical lens is used to detect that the vortex optical topological charge is minus one (m ═ 1), which corresponds to the two lower left graphs in fig. 3; when the incident light is linearly polarized Light (LP), a vector light spot pattern can be obtained, linear polarizers with different angles are used for detecting the polarization distribution of the vector light under the condition of horizontal line polarization incidence, and detection light spots distributed in a direction parallel to an analyzer are obtained, so that the vector light is radial vector light, and corresponds to the upper right five graphs in fig. 3; under the condition of vertical linear polarization incidence, linear polarizers with different angles are used for detecting the polarization distribution of the vector light, so that detection light spots distributed in the direction perpendicular to the analyzer are obtained, and the vector light is angular vector light and corresponds to five diagrams at the lower right in the graph of fig. 3. This is the effect of the superposition of the geometric phases of the conjugate circular polarizations.
It should be noted that, the embodiment of the present invention only exemplarily shows the light spot detection of a liquid crystal geometric phase device, but is not limited to the liquid crystal geometric phase device provided by the present invention, and in other embodiments, liquid crystal geometric phase devices with other performances are prepared according to actual requirements, and the light beam may be subjected to corresponding geometric phase modulation.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a geometric phase device of a liquid crystal according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for manufacturing a geometric phase device of a liquid crystal according to an embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is applicable to the preparation of any one of the liquid crystal geometric phase devices provided in the above embodiments, and with reference to fig. 4 and 5, the preparation method includes:
step S110, providing a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely disposed.
The first substrate and the second substrate can adopt a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate with high light transmittance (greater than or equal to 85%). Illustratively, the first substrate and the second substrate material may include quartz glass, ITO glass, or ordinary glass, and the thickness of the substrates may be 1-2 mm.
Step S120 is to form a first alignment layer on the side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and form a second alignment layer on the side of the second substrate facing the first substrate.
Optionally, the forming a first alignment layer on a side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the forming a second alignment layer on a side of the second substrate facing the first substrate includes:
spin coating an orientation material on one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate and one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate;
and annealing the first substrate and the second substrate which are coated with the orientation materials in the rotating mode to form a first orientation layer and a second orientation layer which have the same orientation direction.
Illustratively, the spin coating process may include: firstly, the rotating speed is adjusted to 600-900 revolutions per minute, and the first spin coating time is controlled to be 5-10 seconds, so that the orientation material is uniformly distributed on the surface of the spin-coated substrate; then, the rotation speed is adjusted to 2500-3500 rpm, and the second spin coating time is controlled to be 30-50 seconds, so that the alignment material is coated.
The annealing process may include: the annealing atmosphere is air, the annealing temperature is 80-120 ℃, and the annealing time is 8-12 minutes.
It should be noted that the above rotation speed and spin-coating time are only exemplary, and in other embodiments, the rotation speed and spin-coating time may be adjusted according to actual requirements, so that the alignment film may control the alignment of the cholesteric liquid crystal molecules.
Step S130, preparing a bimanual coexisting liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate to form a liquid crystal geometric phase device.
The double-chiral coexisting liquid crystal layer comprises a first chiral cholesteric liquid crystal layer and a second chiral cholesteric liquid crystal layer, wherein the first chiral cholesteric liquid crystal layer and the second chiral cholesteric liquid crystal layer coexist, the first chiral cholesteric liquid crystal layer and the second chiral cholesteric liquid crystal layer form staggered liquid crystal micro-regions, the first chiral cholesteric liquid crystal layer and the second chiral cholesteric liquid crystal layer have different rotation directions, the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer have the same alignment direction, and the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are provided with control patterns with molecular directors in periodic gradual distribution.
Optionally, preparing a bimanual coexisting liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate includes:
filling a first rotating cholesteric phase liquid crystal and a polymerization monomer mixture into the filling area, wherein the polymerization monomer mixture comprises a polymerization monomer and a photoinitiator, and after the anchoring of the orientation layer is finished, placing the liquid crystal box under an ultraviolet light source to finish polymerization to form a polymer network; soaking the polymerized liquid crystal box in acetone, and washing off molecules which do not undergo polymerization reaction; placing the washed liquid crystal box with the polymer network on a hot stage, and heating to volatilize acetone molecules; and filling a liquid crystal box with a polymer network and completely volatilizing the acetone molecules with second chiral cholesteric liquid crystals.
Optionally, before the preparing the bimanual coexisting liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, the method further includes:
spacer particles are formed between the first substrate and the second substrate.
The extending length of the spacing particles along the direction vertical to the first substrate and the second substrate is more than or equal to 10 times of the pitch of liquid crystal molecules in the first spin cholesteric liquid crystal. Optionally, the spacer particles may be designed according to actual conditions when the spacer particles comprise at least one of quartz microspheres and quartz columns.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a spectrum characterization result of a liquid crystal geometric phase device before polymerization and after refilling according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 6, the liquid crystal geometric phase device has both left-handed circular polarization reflection and right-handed circular polarization reflection characteristics, and can achieve extremely high reflection in the range of 575-. Meanwhile, due to the design of the geometric phase pattern of the surface layer, the liquid crystal geometric phase device with two hands coexisting can respectively carry out geometric phase modulation on the reflected left-handed circularly polarized light and right-handed circularly polarized light to generate vortex light beams and vector light beams. The spectrum corresponding to the left circularly polarized light is indicated by a solid line a, the spectrum corresponding to the right circularly polarized light is indicated by a broken line b, and the spectrum corresponding to the linearly polarized light is indicated by a dashed-dotted line c. Fig. 7 is a schematic view of micrographs of a liquid crystal geometric phase device before polymerization and after refilling according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 7, the structure was good planar before polymerization and after refilling, and there were substantially no dislocation lines, so the "wash-and-refill" process did not affect the cholesteric liquid crystal planar structure.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a double-handed coexisting liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, the double-handed coexisting liquid crystal layer comprises a first rotating cholesteric phase and a second rotating cholesteric phase coexisting liquid crystal layer, and the first rotating cholesteric phase and the second rotating cholesteric phase form a crisscross liquid crystal micro-region on a sub-wavelength scale, so that a uniformly distributed double-handed coexisting system is formed in a box. A first orientation layer is arranged on one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, a second orientation layer is arranged on one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate, and a specially designed micro-nano photonic structure is endowed to the double-chiral coexisting liquid crystal material; the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention breaks through the single-chiral circular polarization selective modulation characteristic of the traditional cholesteric liquid crystal, provides an idea for simultaneously modulating conjugate circular polarization so as to realize superposition of reflective geometric phases, and includes but is not limited to generating reflective vector light.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The liquid crystal geometric phase device is characterized by comprising a first substrate, a second substrate and a double-handed coexisting liquid crystal layer, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, the double-handed coexisting liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate and comprises a first rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer and a second rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer, and the first rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer and the second rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer form a staggered liquid crystal micro-region;
a first alignment layer is arranged on one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and a second alignment layer is arranged on one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate;
wherein the first spin cholesteric liquid crystal and the second spin cholesteric liquid crystal have different spin directions, the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer have the same alignment direction, and the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer have control patterns with periodic gradual distribution of molecular directors.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is a vortex light generator, the molecular directors of the first and second alignment layers have a control pattern with an azimuthally graded distribution,so that the director of the liquid crystal molecules is gradually distributed from 0 to 180 degrees, and the distribution of the director of the liquid crystal molecules meets the following conditions: α ═ q θ + α0(ii) a Alpha represents the azimuth angle of the director of the liquid crystal molecules, q is a half value of the topological charge of the vortex light, theta is the azimuth angle, and alpha0Is the initial azimuth.
3. A liquid crystal geometric phase device according to claim 1, wherein said first chiral cholesteric liquid crystal is a left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal and said second chiral cholesteric liquid crystal is a right-handed cholesteric liquid crystal, or said first chiral cholesteric liquid crystal is a right-handed cholesteric liquid crystal and said second chiral cholesteric liquid crystal is a left-handed cholesteric liquid crystal.
4. The device of claim 1, further comprising spacers between the first and second substrates for supporting the first and second substrates to form a filling space for the liquid crystal layer.
5. A liquid crystal geometric phase device according to claim 4, wherein said spacer has an extension length in a direction perpendicular to said first and second substrates which is greater than or equal to 10 times the pitch of the liquid crystal molecules in said first chiral cholesteric liquid crystal.
6. The device of claim 4, wherein the spacer particles comprise at least one of quartz microspheres and quartz columns.
7. A method for preparing a liquid crystal geometric phase device, which is used for preparing the liquid crystal geometric phase device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps:
providing a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged;
forming a first orientation layer on one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and forming a second orientation layer on one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate;
preparing a bimanual coexisting liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate to form a liquid crystal geometric phase device;
the liquid crystal layer comprises a first rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer and a second rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer, wherein the first rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer and the second rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer are combined to form a staggered liquid crystal micro area, the rotating directions of the first rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer and the second rotating cholesteric liquid crystal layer are different, the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer have the same alignment direction, and the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer have control patterns with the molecular directors in periodic gradual distribution.
8. The production method according to claim 7, wherein producing a bimanual coexisting liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate includes:
filling a first spin cholesteric phase liquid crystal and polymerization monomer mixture into the filling area, and after the anchoring of the orientation layer is completed, placing the liquid crystal box under an ultraviolet light source to complete polymerization to form a polymer network;
soaking the polymerized liquid crystal box in acetone, and washing off molecules which do not undergo polymerization reaction;
placing the washed liquid crystal box with the polymer network on a hot stage, and heating to volatilize acetone molecules;
and filling a second chiral cholesteric liquid crystal into the liquid crystal box with the polymer network and completely volatilizing the acetone molecules.
9. The method according to claim 7, further comprising, before preparing the bimanual coexisting liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate:
forming spacer particles between the first substrate and the second substrate;
wherein, along the direction vertical to the first substrate and the second substrate, the extension length of the spacer particles is more than or equal to 10 times of the helical pitch of liquid crystal molecules in the first spin cholesteric liquid crystal.
10. The detection device for the optical characteristics of the liquid crystal geometric phase device is characterized by comprising a vortex light and vector light generating unit and a detection unit;
the generation unit comprises a laser, a half-wave plate, a quarter-wave plate, a beam splitter, a diaphragm and the liquid crystal geometric phase device of any one of claims 1 to 6 which are sequentially arranged along a common optical axis in a first direction, the detection unit comprises a modulator and a receiving screen which are sequentially arranged along a second direction, the modulator comprises a linear polarizer or a cylindrical lens, and the first direction and the second direction are crossed;
the light beam output by the laser sequentially passes through the half-wave plate, the quarter-wave plate, the beam splitter and the diaphragm for transmission and then enters the liquid crystal geometric phase device, the liquid crystal geometric phase device performs geometric phase modulation and reflection on the incident light beam, and the reflected light beam is received by the receiving screen after passing through the diaphragm for transmission, the beam splitter for reflection and the modulator for transmission.
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