CN114687737B - Supporting method for rock burst roadway - Google Patents
Supporting method for rock burst roadway Download PDFInfo
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- CN114687737B CN114687737B CN202210399174.4A CN202210399174A CN114687737B CN 114687737 B CN114687737 B CN 114687737B CN 202210399174 A CN202210399174 A CN 202210399174A CN 114687737 B CN114687737 B CN 114687737B
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- roadway
- supporting
- energy
- rock burst
- microseismic
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/50—Component parts or details of props
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway construction methods, and provides a supporting method of rock burst roadway, which comprises the following steps: roadway position determination: arranging a plurality of drilling stress meters and a plurality of microseismic probes on the coal pillar side of the roadway, monitoring the stress change rule and the microseismic energy of the coal pillar in real time in the stoping process of the working face, and determining the position of the roadway through the stress change rule and the microseismic energy; tunneling: after the position of the roadway is determined, performing prestress support and reinforcement during roadway tunneling; roadway stoping: and during roadway stoping, arranging an advanced anti-impact support on an advanced working surface of the roadway, and arranging a composite energy-absorbing protective structure around the roadway. The roadway is arranged at a proper position, and the effective impact prevention is formed by adopting the support, the advanced impact prevention support and the composite energy absorption protection structure, so that the effective prevention and control of the rock burst roadway are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway construction methods, in particular to a supporting method of rock burst roadway.
Background
The rock burst (impact mine pressure) refers to a dynamic phenomenon of sudden and violent damage of coal and rock mass in a coal mining space due to instantaneous release of elastic energy, and the coal and rock mass damage process is accompanied with the characteristics of vibration, surge, air wave and the like, so that the rock burst (impact mine pressure) has strong destructiveness and is one of great disasters affecting the safety of deep mines.
For a deep mine stoping roadway, the deep mine stoping roadway is generally under a high static load stress environment under the action of supporting pressure, according to a static load superposition induced impact theory, the greater the concentration degree of static load stress is, the easier the dynamic load formed by mine vibration disturbance and the high stress formed by superposition of the dynamic load and the dynamic load exceed the critical damage strength limit of a coal rock mass, and therefore rock burst disasters are caused. The roadway support is used as the last defense line for resisting rock burst, and the energy absorption effect of the bearing structure formed by each support member and surrounding rock has an extremely important effect on the stoping roadway with the rock burst hidden danger. When large energy impact occurs, surrounding rock of a stoping roadway arranged by small coal pillars is broken, and the supporting material is poor in impact resistance, so that the supporting structure is difficult to effectively prevent impact.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a supporting method of rock burst roadway, which is used for solving the defect that in the prior art, a supporting structure is difficult to form effective anti-collision due to unreasonable roadway arrangement.
The invention provides a method for supporting a rock burst roadway, which comprises the following steps:
roadway position determination: arranging a plurality of drilling stress meters and a plurality of microseismic probes on the coal pillar side of the roadway, monitoring the stress change rule and the microseismic energy of the coal pillar in real time in the stoping process of the working face, and determining the position of the roadway through the stress change rule and the microseismic energy;
tunneling: after the position of the roadway is determined, performing prestress support and reinforcement during tunneling of the roadway;
roadway stoping: and during roadway stoping, arranging an advanced anti-impact support on the advanced working surface of the roadway, and arranging a composite energy-absorbing protective structure around the roadway.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, provided by the invention, one drilling stress meter and one micro-vibration probe are in a group, and the distances between the drilling stress meters and the micro-vibration probes and the roadway side coal body are respectively 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m, 9m and 10m.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, provided by the invention, the roadway position determining step further comprises the step of testing the surrounding rock strength in the range of 2-10 m on the coal pillar side by adopting an in-situ strength meter, wherein the surrounding rock strength is tested once every 1m, and the roadway position is determined by combining the stress change rule, the microseism energy and the surrounding rock strength.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, provided by the invention, the tunneling steps comprise: and (3) carrying out prestress support by using the anchor rods and/or the anchor cables, and grouting and reinforcing the broken coal and rock mass at the roadway side part.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway provided by the invention, the grouting reinforcement specifically comprises the following steps:
the first step of reinforcement, grouting reinforcement is carried out on the position of the broken coal rock mass 0-3 m;
and secondly, reinforcing, namely grouting and reinforcing the 3-5 m position of the broken coal rock mass.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway provided by the invention, the composite energy-absorbing protection structure comprises the following components: the protection support is arranged in the roadway, and the rubber cushion layer is arranged between the protection support and the roof stratum.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway provided by the invention, the composite energy-absorbing protection structure further comprises the following steps: and the top beam of the protective bracket is provided with an anti-impact energy-absorbing material.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway provided by the invention, the composite energy-absorbing protection structure further comprises the following steps: and the hinged triangular anti-collision device is respectively arranged on the top beam and the bottom beam of the protective bracket.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, the protection support is formed into a frame structure by inverted splay-shaped upright posts.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, in the tunneling step, the supporting density of the prestressed supporting is determined based on the relation between the supporting energy absorption and the actual energy release of the roadway top plate;
in the roadway stoping step, the setting density of the composite energy-absorbing protective structure is determined based on the relation between the supporting energy-absorbing energy and the actual energy release amount of the roadway roof.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, provided by the invention, the change rule of the coal pillar stress and the magnitude of the microseismic energy are monitored in real time by arranging the plurality of drilling stress meters and the plurality of microseismic probes, and the rock burst recovery roadway is arranged at a reasonable position by comprehensively considering the stress and the microseismic energy. Meanwhile, the strength and the integrity of the broken coal body of the roadway wall are improved by adopting prestress support and reinforcement, and the cooperative support and anti-impact effect of the roadway wall and the broken coal body is realized. The roadway is arranged at a proper position, and the effective impact prevention is formed by adopting the support, the advanced impact prevention support and the composite energy absorption protection structure, so that the effective prevention and control of the rock burst roadway are realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method of supporting a rock burst roadway provided by the invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a protective bracket; 2: an impact-resistant energy-absorbing material; 3: and (5) supporting the prestressed anchor net rope.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The following describes a rock burst roadway supporting method with reference to fig. 1, which comprises the following steps:
roadway position determination: arranging a plurality of drilling stress meters and a plurality of microseismic probes on the coal pillar side of the roadway, monitoring the stress change rule and the microseismic energy of the coal pillar in real time in the stoping process of the working face, and determining the position of the roadway through the stress change rule and the microseismic energy;
tunneling: after the position of the roadway is determined, performing prestress support and reinforcement during roadway tunneling;
roadway stoping: and during roadway stoping, arranging an advanced anti-impact support on an advanced working surface of the roadway, and arranging a composite energy-absorbing protective structure around the roadway.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, provided by the invention, the change rule of the coal pillar stress and the magnitude of the microseismic energy are monitored in real time by arranging the plurality of drilling stress meters and the plurality of microseismic probes, and the rock burst recovery roadway is arranged at a reasonable position by comprehensively considering the stress and the microseismic energy. Meanwhile, the strength and the integrity of the broken coal body of the roadway wall are improved by adopting prestress support and reinforcement, and the cooperative support and anti-impact effect of the roadway wall and the broken coal body is realized. The roadway is arranged at a proper position, and the effective impact prevention is formed by adopting the support, the advanced impact prevention support and the composite energy absorption protection structure, so that the effective prevention and control of the rock burst roadway are realized.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, provided by the invention, one drilling stress meter and one micro-vibration probe are in a group, and the distances between the drilling stress meters and the micro-vibration probes and the roadway side coal body are respectively 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m, 9m and 10m.
In this embodiment, for example, one set of the drilling stress gauge and the microseismic probe is disposed at a distance of 2m from the roadway side coal body, and the other set is disposed at a position of 3m, and so on. Specifically, the coal pillar size can be comprehensively determined by adopting the coal pillar stress not more than 10MPa, the microseismic energy not more than 10kJ and the coal body strength not less than 5MPa, so that the position stress of roadway arrangement is lower, and meanwhile, the method also has certain surrounding rock strength and integrity, and can realize normal support of the roadway.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, provided by the invention, the roadway position determining step further comprises the step of testing the surrounding rock strength in the range of 2-10 m on the coal pillar side by adopting an in-situ strength meter, wherein the surrounding rock strength is tested once every 1m, and the roadway position is determined by combining the stress change rule, the microseism energy and the surrounding rock strength.
In the embodiment, in the working face recovery process, the change rule of the stress of the coal pillar and the magnitude of the microseismic energy are monitored in real time, and meanwhile, the in-situ intensity meter is adopted to test the intensity of surrounding rock within the range of 2-10 m on the coal pillar side, and the intensity of the surrounding rock is tested once every 1m, so that the stress of the coal pillar, the microseismic energy and the intensity of the coal body are comprehensively compared to comprehensively determine the size of the coal pillar.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, provided by the invention, the tunneling steps comprise: and (3) carrying out prestress support by using the anchor rods and/or the anchor cables, and grouting and reinforcing the broken coal and rock mass at the roadway side part.
In the embodiment, the anchor rod (rope) with the characteristics of high prestress, high strength, high elongation, high impact toughness and the like is adopted, the maximum breaking load of the anchor rod with the high impact toughness reaches more than 340kN, the elongation of the maximum force is more than 15 percent, and the absorption of the impact kinetic energy is more than 10 percent 6 J; the strength of the high-elongation anchor cable is larger than 1790MPa, the maximum force elongation is larger than 10%, and the impact kinetic energy absorption is more than 1.5 x 10 6 J. It is to be noted that, because the roadway is arranged in the low stress area, the roadway side coal body is seriously crushed and has lower strength, so that the anchoring force of the high impact toughness anchor rod and the anchor cable cannot meet the design requirement, the requirement of supporting and anti-impact cannot be met, and grouting reinforcement of the roadway side coal body is needed. The grouting adopts superfine cement grouting material, the particle diameter of the superfine cement reaches below 5 mu m, the particle diameter is obviously reduced, and the superfine cement is beneficial to diffusion in the crushed coal. The metal net is woven by iron wires with the diameter of 6.5mm, and meanwhile, the steel belt and the tray are also provided with impact-resistant members which are matched with each other, so that the impact resistance of the support system is greatly improved. It will be appreciated that a plurality of anchors and/or anchor lines may comprise the support system.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, which is provided by the invention, grouting reinforcement specifically comprises the following steps:
the first step of reinforcement, grouting reinforcement is carried out on the position of the broken coal rock mass 0-3 m;
and secondly, reinforcing, namely grouting and reinforcing the 3-5 m position of the broken coal rock mass.
In the embodiment, grouting is divided into two steps, wherein the first step is mainly grouting and reinforcing the shallow part (0-3 m) of the fractured coal rock mass, the shallow part crack develops, the slurry permeability is good, and the grouting is suitable for reinforcing by adopting low-pressure high-concentration slurry. The grouting in the first step is used for blocking a shallow surrounding rock leakage channel, so that a blocking barrier is provided for grouting in the second step, and slurry is beneficial to concentrated diffusion to the deep part during grouting in the second step; the second step is mainly to strengthen the deep (3-5 m) coal rock mass, the crack development in the region is relatively low, and the slurry permeability is poor and the slurry diffusion resistance is high due to the influence of high stress, so that the method is suitable for grouting by adopting medium-high pressure and medium-concentration slurry. Meanwhile, the grouting time is properly increased, so that the diffusion range of the slurry can be increased.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway provided by the invention, the composite energy-absorbing protection structure comprises the following components: a protective bracket 1 arranged in a roadway and a rubber cushion layer arranged between the protective bracket 1 and a roof stratum.
In the embodiment, the working resistance of the protective bracket 1 is 6000kN, the yielding displacement is 500mm, the bracket height is 4000-5000mm, and the energy absorption capacity is 3000kJ. Alternatively, the thickness of the rubber cushion layer is 50mm, the elastic model elastic die is 6000kPa, and the damping ratio is 0.3. Meanwhile, reasonable initial supporting force, working resistance and yielding displacement of the support are designed, so that the protective support 1 and the anchor bolt support are in coordinated deformation, and the cooperative anti-impact effect of the two support modes is realized. The upright post impact-resistant column nest and the high-strength single-telescopic impact-resistant upright post are adopted, so that the upright post can be prevented from being broken by impact. It will be appreciated that the anchor rods (cables) and the impact-resistant brackets may together form a support system.
The method for supporting the rock burst roadway provided by the invention further comprises the following steps: the composite energy-absorbing protective structure further comprises: the top beam of the protective bracket 1 is provided with an anti-impact energy-absorbing material 2, and the anti-impact energy-absorbing material 2 can absorb energy generated by the impact of the top plate and the bottom plate.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway provided by the invention, the composite energy-absorbing protection structure further comprises the following steps: the hinged triangular anti-impact device is respectively arranged on the top beam and the bottom beam of the protective bracket 1, and can prevent the top beam and the bottom beam from being broken when the top plate and the bottom plate are impacted.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, the protection support 1 is formed by the inverted splay upright posts, so that the protection support is more beneficial to preventing the impact of the bottom plate.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, in the tunneling step, the supporting density of the prestressed supporting is determined based on the relation between the supporting energy absorption and the actual energy release of the roadway top plate; in the roadway stoping step, the setting density of the composite energy-absorbing protective structure is determined based on the relation between the supporting energy-absorbing energy and the actual energy release amount of the roadway roof.
Absorbing energy for anchor rod (cable) support structures: firstly, judging the surrounding rock damage range when the rock burst of the roadway occurs, if the surrounding rock damage range exceeds the length of the anchor rod or the anchor cable, the energy absorbed by the anchor rod or the anchor cable is set to be 0J, and if the damage range is smaller than the length of the anchor rod or the anchor cable, the energy absorbed by the anchor rod or the anchor cable is calculated. According to the impact speed and direction of the tunnel free surface, performing original-size impact test of the anchor rod and the anchor cable on a laboratory drop hammer tester, and determining the maximum absorbed impact energy of the anchor rod and the anchor cable; the same method is then used to determine the energy that can be absorbed by the metal mesh, steel strip, etc. The energy absorbed by each component of the anchor rod supporting system is added in turn to determine the absorption energy E of the unit supporting area of the anchor rod (rope) supporting system 1 。
Energy absorbed by the structure of the protective stent 1: the protective bracket 1 can be used for carrying out an original size test on a 6500kN static-dynamic composite loading hydraulic impact testing machine, the energy absorbed by the protective bracket 1 adopted by a roadway is tested, the impact speed and the impact direction in the test process are kept as consistent as possible with those of the site, and the energy E absorbed by the protective bracket 1 per unit supporting area is determined after the test is finished 2 。
Impact energy per unit area and E obtained by comparing roadway microseismic monitoring 1 +E 2 Judging whether the overall support system of the roadway is safe or not, if the overall support system is unsafe, adding anchor bolt supportsThe supporting density of the structure and the protective bracket 1 ensures that the energy absorption energy of the whole supporting system is larger than the impact energy released by the roadway roof. The supporting density may be the arrangement density of the anchor supporting structure and the protective bracket 1, for example, the supporting density is high if the arrangement pitch of the plurality of anchor rods is small. For example, when the supporting energy absorption is smaller than the actual energy release of the roadway roof, the number of supporting structures needs to be increased to increase the supporting density.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for supporting the rock burst roadway is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
roadway position determination: arranging a plurality of drilling stress meters and a plurality of microseismic probes on the coal pillar side of a roadway, monitoring the stress change rule and the microseismic energy of the coal pillar in real time in the stoping process of a working face, testing the surrounding rock strength of the coal pillar side within a range of 2-10 m by adopting an in-situ strength meter, determining the position of the roadway every 1m by using the comprehensive stress change rule, the microseismic energy and the surrounding rock strength, wherein the coal pillar stress is not more than 10MPa, the microseismic energy is not more than 10kJ, and the coal body strength is not less than 5MPa;
tunneling: after the position of the roadway is determined, performing prestress support and reinforcement during tunneling of the roadway;
roadway stoping: and during roadway stoping, arranging an advanced anti-impact support on the advanced working surface of the roadway, and arranging a composite energy-absorbing protective structure around the roadway.
2. The method of supporting rock burst roadway of claim 1 wherein one of the borehole stress meters and one of the microseismic probes are a set of nine sets of the borehole stress meters and the microseismic probes are 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m, 9m and 10m, respectively, from the roadway side coal body.
3. The method of supporting a rock burst roadway of claim 1 wherein the step of tunneling comprises: and (3) carrying out prestress support by using the anchor rods and/or the anchor cables, and grouting and reinforcing the broken coal and rock mass at the roadway side part.
4. The method for supporting rock burst roadway according to claim 3, wherein the grouting reinforcement specifically comprises:
the first step of reinforcement, grouting reinforcement is carried out on the position of the broken coal rock mass 0-3 m;
and secondly, reinforcing, namely grouting and reinforcing the 3-5 m position of the broken coal rock mass.
5. The method of supporting a rock burst roadway of claim 1, wherein the composite energy absorbing protective structure comprises: the protection support is arranged in the roadway, and the rubber cushion layer is arranged between the protection support and the roof stratum.
6. The method of supporting a rock burst roadway of claim 5, wherein the composite energy absorbing protective structure further comprises: and the top beam of the protective bracket is provided with an anti-impact energy-absorbing material.
7. The method of supporting a rock burst roadway of claim 5, wherein the composite energy absorbing protective structure further comprises: and the hinged triangular anti-collision device is respectively arranged on the top beam and the bottom beam of the protective bracket.
8. The method of supporting rock burst roadway of claim 5 wherein the protective frame comprises inverted "eight" shaped uprights forming a frame structure.
9. The method for supporting a rock burst roadway according to claim 1, wherein in the step of tunneling, the supporting density of the prestressed supporting is determined based on the relation between the supporting energy absorption and the actual energy release of the roadway roof;
in the roadway stoping step, the setting density of the composite energy-absorbing protective structure is determined based on the relation between the supporting energy-absorbing energy and the actual energy release amount of the roadway roof.
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| CN202210399174.4A CN114687737B (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Supporting method for rock burst roadway |
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| CN202210399174.4A CN114687737B (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Supporting method for rock burst roadway |
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| CN114687737A CN114687737A (en) | 2022-07-01 |
| CN114687737B true CN114687737B (en) | 2023-08-11 |
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| CN105257339A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-01-20 | 北京安科兴业科技股份有限公司 | Multi-parameter integrated monitoring and early-warning method for excavation working face |
| CN111414659A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-07-14 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Design method for three-level energy-absorbing support of coal mine rock burst roadway |
| CN112431596A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-02 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Three-stage prevention and control method for rock burst roadway |
| CN114109508A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-01 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Rock burst monitoring method based on energy system analysis and application |
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2022
- 2022-04-15 CN CN202210399174.4A patent/CN114687737B/en active Active
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| CN105257339A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-01-20 | 北京安科兴业科技股份有限公司 | Multi-parameter integrated monitoring and early-warning method for excavation working face |
| CN111414659A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-07-14 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Design method for three-level energy-absorbing support of coal mine rock burst roadway |
| CN112431596A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-02 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Three-stage prevention and control method for rock burst roadway |
| CN114109508A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-01 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Rock burst monitoring method based on energy system analysis and application |
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