CN114687737A - Method for supporting rock burst roadway - Google Patents
Method for supporting rock burst roadway Download PDFInfo
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- CN114687737A CN114687737A CN202210399174.4A CN202210399174A CN114687737A CN 114687737 A CN114687737 A CN 114687737A CN 202210399174 A CN202210399174 A CN 202210399174A CN 114687737 A CN114687737 A CN 114687737A
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- roadway
- supporting
- energy
- support
- rock burst
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/50—Component parts or details of props
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway construction methods, and provides a method for supporting a rock burst roadway, which comprises the following steps: determining the position of the roadway: arranging a plurality of borehole stressmeters and a plurality of microseismic probes on the coal pillar side of the roadway, monitoring the stress change rule and the microseismic energy of the coal pillar in real time in the working face extraction process, and determining the position of the roadway according to the stress change rule and the microseismic energy; tunneling: after the position of the roadway is determined, carrying out prestress supporting and reinforcing when the roadway is tunneled; and (3) roadway stoping: when the roadway is mined, an advance anti-impact support is arranged on an advance working face of the roadway, and a composite energy-absorbing protection structure is arranged around the roadway. The roadway is arranged at a proper position, and a support, an advanced anti-impact support and a composite energy-absorbing protection structure are adopted to form effective anti-impact, so that effective prevention and control of the roadway with rock burst are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway construction methods, in particular to a supporting method of a rock burst roadway.
Background
Rock burst (rock burst) refers to a dynamic phenomenon of sudden and violent damage caused by the instantaneous release of elastic energy of coal and rock masses in a coal mining space, and the coal and rock mass damage process is accompanied by the characteristics of vibration, loud sound, air waves and the like, has strong destructiveness, and is one of major disasters affecting the safety of a deep mine.
For a deep mine stoping roadway, the deep mine stoping roadway is generally in a high static load stress environment under the action of supporting pressure, according to a dynamic and static load superposition shock inducing theory, the larger the static load stress concentration degree is, the more easily the dynamic load formed by mine earthquake disturbance and the high stress formed by superposition of the dynamic load and the high stress exceed the critical failure strength limit of a coal rock body, and further the occurrence of rock burst disasters is caused. The roadway support is used as the last defense line for resisting the development of rock burst, and the energy absorption function of the support members and surrounding rocks forming a bearing structure has an extremely important effect on the mining roadway with the hidden danger of rock burst. When large-energy impact occurs, the surrounding rock of the mining roadway arranged by the small coal pillars is broken, and the impact resistance of a supporting material is poor, so that the supporting structure is difficult to effectively prevent impact.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a supporting method of a rock burst roadway, which is used for solving the defect that the supporting structure is difficult to form effective scour prevention due to unreasonable roadway arrangement in the prior art.
The invention provides a supporting method of a rock burst roadway, which comprises the following steps:
determining the position of the roadway: arranging a plurality of borehole stressometers and a plurality of microseismic probes on the side of a coal pillar of a roadway, monitoring the stress change rule and the microseismic energy of the coal pillar in real time in the working face extraction process, and determining the position of the roadway according to the stress change rule and the microseismic energy;
tunneling: after the position of the roadway is determined, carrying out prestress supporting and reinforcing when the roadway is tunneled;
and (3) roadway stoping: and during roadway stoping, arranging an advanced anti-impact support on an advanced working face of the roadway, and arranging a composite energy-absorbing protection structure around the roadway.
According to the supporting method of the rock burst roadway, one drilling stress meter and one microseismic probe form a group, and the distances between a plurality of groups of drilling stress meters and microseismic probes and the roadway side coal body are respectively 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m, 9m and 10 m.
According to the support method of the rock burst roadway, the step of determining the position of the roadway further comprises the step of testing the surrounding rock strength of the coal pillar side within the range of 2-10 m by using an in-situ strength tester, testing the surrounding rock strength once every 1m, and determining the position of the roadway by combining the stress change rule, the microseismic energy and the surrounding rock strength.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, which is provided by the invention, the step of tunneling the roadway comprises the following steps: and (3) carrying out prestress support by using an anchor rod and/or an anchor cable, and grouting and reinforcing the broken coal rock mass at the side part of the roadway.
According to the supporting method of the rock burst roadway provided by the invention, the grouting reinforcement specifically comprises the following steps:
first step of reinforcement, grouting reinforcement is carried out on 0-3 m positions of fractured coal rock masses;
and (5) reinforcing in a second step, and grouting and reinforcing 3-5 m of the fractured coal rock mass.
According to the supporting method of the rock burst roadway, provided by the invention, the composite energy-absorbing protection structure comprises the following components: the protective support is arranged in the roadway, and the rubber cushion layer is arranged between the protective support and the roof rock stratum.
According to the supporting method of the rock burst roadway provided by the invention, the composite energy-absorbing protection structure further comprises the following steps: and the anti-impact energy-absorbing material is arranged on the top beam of the protective bracket.
According to the supporting method of the rock burst roadway provided by the invention, the composite energy-absorbing protection structure further comprises the following steps: and the top beam and the bottom beam of the protective bracket are respectively provided with an articulated triangular anti-impact device.
According to the supporting method of the rock burst roadway, the protective support is of a frame structure formed by inverted splayed columns.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, provided by the invention, in the step of tunneling the roadway, the support density of a prestressed support is determined based on the relation between the support absorption energy and the actual energy release amount of the roadway roof;
and in the step of roadway mining, determining the setting density of the composite energy-absorbing protection structure based on the relation between the supporting energy absorption and the actual energy release amount of the roadway roof.
According to the support method for the rock burst roadway, provided by the invention, the stress change rule and the micro-seismic energy of the coal pillar are monitored in real time by arranging the plurality of borehole stressometers and the plurality of micro-seismic probes, and the rock burst recovery roadway is arranged at a reasonable position by comprehensively considering the stress and the micro-seismic energy. Meanwhile, the strength and the integrity of the roadway side crushed coal are improved by adopting prestress supporting and reinforcing, and the synergistic supporting and anti-impact effect of the prestress supporting and reinforcing is realized. The roadway is arranged at a proper position, and a support, an advanced anti-impact support and a composite energy-absorbing protection structure are adopted to form effective anti-impact, so that effective prevention and control of the rock burst roadway are realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a supporting method of a rock burst roadway provided by the invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a protective bracket; 2: impact-resistant energy-absorbing material; 3: and (5) supporting the prestressed anchor net cable.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The method for supporting the rock burst roadway of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 1, and comprises the following steps:
determining the position of the roadway: arranging a plurality of borehole stressometers and a plurality of microseismic probes on the side of a coal pillar of a roadway, monitoring the stress change rule and the microseismic energy of the coal pillar in real time in the working face extraction process, and determining the position of the roadway according to the stress change rule and the microseismic energy;
tunneling: after the position of the roadway is determined, carrying out prestress support and reinforcement during roadway excavation;
and (3) roadway stoping: when the roadway is stoped, an advance anti-impact support is arranged on an advance working face of the roadway, and a composite energy-absorbing protection structure is arranged around the roadway.
According to the support method for the rock burst roadway, provided by the invention, the stress change rule and the micro-seismic energy of the coal pillar are monitored in real time by arranging the plurality of borehole stressometers and the plurality of micro-seismic probes, and the rock burst recovery roadway is arranged at a reasonable position by comprehensively considering the stress and the micro-seismic energy. Meanwhile, the strength and the integrity of the roadway side crushed coal are improved by adopting prestress supporting and reinforcing, and the synergistic supporting and anti-impact effect of the prestress supporting and reinforcing is realized. The roadway is arranged at a proper position, and a support, an advanced anti-impact support and a composite energy-absorbing protection structure are adopted to form effective anti-impact, so that effective prevention and control of the rock burst roadway are realized.
According to the supporting method of the rock burst roadway, one drilling stress meter and one microseismic probe form a group, and the distances between a plurality of groups of drilling stress meters and microseismic probes and the roadway side coal body are respectively 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m, 9m and 10 m.
In this embodiment, for example, one set of borehole stressmeter and microseismic probe is located at a distance of 2m from the roadway side coal body, and the other set is located at a distance of 3m, and so on. Specifically, the size of the coal pillar can be comprehensively determined by adopting the coal pillar stress of not more than 10MPa, the micro-seismic energy of not more than 10kJ and the coal body strength of not less than 5MPa, so that the stress of the position where the roadway is arranged is lower, and meanwhile, the normal supporting of the roadway can be realized due to certain surrounding rock strength and integrity.
According to the support method of the rock burst roadway, the step of determining the position of the roadway further comprises the step of testing the surrounding rock strength of the coal pillar side within the range of 2-10 m by using an in-situ strength tester, testing the surrounding rock strength once every 1m, and determining the position of the roadway by combining the stress change rule, the microseismic energy and the surrounding rock strength.
In the embodiment, in the working face extraction process, the change rule of the coal pillar stress and the micro-seismic energy are monitored in real time, meanwhile, an in-situ intensity meter is used for testing the surrounding rock intensity within the range of 2-10 m on the coal pillar side, the surrounding rock intensity is tested once every 1m, and the coal pillar size is comprehensively determined by comprehensively comparing the coal pillar stress, the micro-seismic energy and the coal body intensity.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, which is provided by the invention, the step of tunneling the roadway comprises the following steps: and (3) carrying out prestress support by using an anchor rod and/or an anchor cable, and grouting and reinforcing the broken coal rock mass at the side part of the roadway.
In the embodiment, the anchor rod (cable) with high prestress, high strength, high elongation, high impact toughness and the like is adopted, the maximum breaking load of the anchor rod with high impact toughness reaches more than 340kN, the maximum force elongation is more than 15 percent, and the impact kinetic energy absorption is more than 10 percent6J; the high-elongation anchor cable has the strength of more than 1790MPa, the maximum force elongation of more than 10 percent and the impact kinetic energy absorption of more than 1.5 x 106J. It should be noted that, because the roadway is arranged in the low stress area, the roadway side coal body is seriously broken and has lower strength, so that the anchoring force of the high impact toughness anchor rod and the anchor cable is causedThe design requirement cannot be met, the requirement of supporting and impact prevention cannot be met, and therefore roadway side coal body grouting reinforcement is needed. The grouting adopts superfine cement grouting materials, the particle diameter of the superfine cement reaches below 5 mu m, the particle diameter is obviously reduced, and the superfine cement grouting materials are favorable for diffusion in the crushed coal bodies. The metal net is woven by iron wires with the diameter of 6.5mm, and meanwhile, impact-resistant components are used for the steel belt and the tray, and are matched with each other, so that the impact resistance of the support system is greatly improved. It will be appreciated that a plurality of anchor rods and/or cables may comprise the support system.
According to the supporting method of the rock burst roadway provided by the invention, the grouting reinforcement specifically comprises the following steps:
first step of reinforcement, grouting reinforcement is carried out on 0-3 m positions of fractured coal rock masses;
and (5) reinforcing in a second step, and grouting and reinforcing 3-5 m of the fractured coal rock mass.
In the embodiment, grouting is divided into two steps, the first step is mainly to perform grouting reinforcement on a shallow part (0-3 m) of a fractured coal rock mass, cracks of the shallow part develop, the slurry permeability is good, and low-pressure and high-concentration slurry is suitable for reinforcement. The shallow surrounding rock slurry leakage channel is plugged through the first-step grouting, so that a plugging barrier is provided for the second-step grouting, and the concentrated diffusion of the slurry to the deep part is facilitated during the second-step grouting; and the second step is mainly to reinforce the coal rock body at the deep part (3-5 m), the crack growth of the area is relatively low, and due to the influence of high stress, the slurry permeability is poor, the slurry diffusion resistance is large, and the grouting method is suitable for grouting by adopting medium-high pressure and medium-concentration slurry. Meanwhile, the diffusion range of the slurry can be increased by properly increasing the grouting time.
According to the supporting method of the rock burst roadway, provided by the invention, the composite energy-absorbing protection structure comprises the following components: the tunnel protection device comprises a protection support 1 arranged in the tunnel and a rubber cushion layer arranged between the protection support 1 and a roof rock stratum.
In the embodiment, the working resistance of the protective bracket 1 is 6000kN, the abdication displacement is 500mm, the height of the bracket is 4000-. Optionally, the thickness of the rubber cushion layer is 50mm, the elastic model elastic modulus is 6000kPa, and the damping ratio is 0.3. Meanwhile, reasonable initial supporting force, working resistance and abdicating displacement of the support are designed, so that the protective support 1 and the anchor bolt support are in coordinated deformation, and the synergistic anti-impact effect of two support modes is realized. The stand column anti-impact socket and the high-strength single telescopic anti-impact stand column are adopted, so that the stand column can be prevented from being broken due to impact. It will be appreciated that the anchor rods (cables) and the impact brackets may together comprise a bracing system.
The method for supporting the rock burst roadway further comprises the following steps: the composite energy-absorbing protective structure further comprises: the top beam of the protective bracket 1 is provided with an anti-impact energy-absorbing material 2, and the anti-impact energy-absorbing material 2 can absorb energy generated by the impact of the top plate and the bottom plate.
According to the supporting method of the rock burst roadway provided by the invention, the composite energy-absorbing protection structure further comprises the following steps: the articulated triangular anti-impact device is respectively arranged on the top beam and the bottom beam of the protective support 1, and can prevent the top beam and the bottom beam from being broken when the top plate and the bottom plate are impacted.
According to the supporting method of the rock burst roadway, the protective support 1 is of a frame structure formed by inverted splayed columns, and the impact of a bottom plate can be prevented more favorably.
According to the method for supporting the rock burst roadway, provided by the invention, in the step of tunneling the roadway, the support density of a prestressed support is determined based on the relation between the support absorption energy and the actual energy release amount of the roadway roof; and in the step of roadway mining, determining the setting density of the composite energy-absorbing protection structure based on the relation between the supporting energy absorption and the actual energy release amount of the roadway roof.
Energy absorption for anchor (cable) support structures: firstly, judging the damage range of surrounding rocks when the roadway rock burst occurs, if the damage range of the surrounding rocks exceeds the length of an anchor rod or an anchor cable, determining the energy absorbed by the anchor rod or the anchor cable to be 0J, and if the damage range is smaller than the length of the anchor rod or the anchor cable, calculating the energy absorbed by the anchor rod or the anchor cable. According to the impact speed and direction of the roadway empty face, carrying out original size impact test on the anchor rod and the anchor cable on a laboratory drop hammer testing machine, and determining the maximum absorbed impact energy of the anchor rod and the anchor cable; the energy absorbed by the metal mesh, steel strip, etc. is then determined in the same way. Bolting system componentsThe absorbed energy is sequentially added to determine the absorbed energy E of the unit supporting area of the anchor rod (cable) supporting system1。
For the energy absorbed by the structure of the protective bracket 1: the protective support 1 can carry out original dimension test on a 6500kN static-dynamic combined loading hydraulic impact tester, the energy absorbed by the protective support 1 adopted by a roadway is tested, the impact speed and the impact direction are kept consistent with those of the site as far as possible in the test process, and the energy E absorbed by the protective support 1 in unit supporting area is determined after the test is finished2。
Impact energy per unit area obtained by comparing roadway microseismic monitoring with E1+E2And judging whether the roadway overall supporting system is safe or not according to the sum, and if the overall supporting system is unsafe, increasing the supporting density of the anchor rod supporting structure and the protective bracket 1 so as to enable the energy absorption energy of the overall supporting system to be larger than the impact energy released by the roadway top plate. The support density may be the arrangement density of the anchor support structure and the protective bracket 1, for example, the support density is high when the arrangement pitch of the plurality of anchors is small. For example, when the support absorption energy is smaller than the actual energy release amount of the roadway roof, the number of support structures needs to be increased to increase the support density.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A supporting method for a rock burst roadway is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the position of the roadway: arranging a plurality of borehole stressmeters and a plurality of microseismic probes on the coal pillar side of the roadway, monitoring the stress change rule and the microseismic energy of the coal pillar in real time in the working face extraction process, and determining the position of the roadway according to the stress change rule and the microseismic energy;
tunneling: after the position of the roadway is determined, carrying out prestress supporting and reinforcing when the roadway is tunneled;
and (3) roadway stoping: and during roadway stoping, arranging an advanced anti-impact support on an advanced working face of the roadway, and arranging a composite energy-absorbing protection structure around the roadway.
2. The method for supporting a rock burst roadway according to claim 1, wherein one borehole stress meter and one microseismic probe form a group, and the distances from the groups of borehole stress meters and microseismic probes to the roadway side coal body are 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m, 9m and 10m respectively.
3. The method for supporting the rock burst roadway according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the position of the roadway further comprises the step of testing the surrounding rock strength of the coal pillar side within the range of 2-10 m by using an in-situ strength tester, and the position of the roadway is determined by integrating the stress change rule, the microseismic energy and the surrounding rock strength once every 1 m.
4. The method for supporting a rock burst roadway of claim 1 wherein the step of driving the roadway includes: and (3) carrying out prestress support by using an anchor rod and/or an anchor cable, and grouting and reinforcing the broken coal rock mass at the side part of the roadway.
5. The method for supporting a rock burst roadway according to claim 4, wherein the grouting reinforcement specifically comprises:
first step of reinforcement, grouting reinforcement is carried out on 0-3 m positions of fractured coal rock masses;
and (5) reinforcing in a second step, and grouting and reinforcing 3-5 m of the fractured coal rock mass.
6. The method for supporting a rock burst roadway according to claim 1, wherein the composite energy-absorbing protective structure comprises: the protective support is arranged in the roadway, and the rubber cushion layer is arranged between the protective support and the roof rock stratum.
7. The method for supporting a rock burst roadway according to claim 6, wherein the composite energy-absorbing protective structure further comprises: and the anti-impact energy-absorbing material is arranged on the top beam of the protective bracket.
8. The method for supporting a rock burst roadway according to claim 6, wherein the composite energy-absorbing protective structure further comprises: and the top beam and the bottom beam of the protective bracket are respectively provided with an articulated triangular anti-impact device.
9. The method for supporting a rock burst roadway according to claim 6, wherein the protective support is of a frame structure formed by inverted splayed columns.
10. The method for supporting the rock burst roadway according to claim 1, wherein in the step of tunneling the roadway, the support density of the prestressed support is determined based on the relationship between the absorbed energy of the support and the actual energy release amount of the roadway roof;
and in the step of roadway mining, determining the set density of the composite energy-absorbing protective structure based on the relation between the supporting energy-absorbing amount and the actual energy release amount of the roadway roof.
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| CN202210399174.4A CN114687737B (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Supporting method for rock burst roadway |
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| CN111414659A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-07-14 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Design method for three-level energy-absorbing support of coal mine rock burst roadway |
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| CN114109508A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-01 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Rock burst monitoring method based on energy system analysis and application |
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| CN105257339A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-01-20 | 北京安科兴业科技股份有限公司 | Multi-parameter integrated monitoring and early-warning method for excavation working face |
| CN111414659A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-07-14 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Design method for three-level energy-absorbing support of coal mine rock burst roadway |
| CN112431596A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-02 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Three-stage prevention and control method for rock burst roadway |
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