CN114686784A - Nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000720 Silicomanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009847 ladle furnace Methods 0.000 description 19
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Mn] PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017112 Fe—C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010039897 Sedation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001914 calming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009868 nickel metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036280 sedation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/111—Treating the molten metal by using protecting powders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
- C21C7/0685—Decarburising of stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
- C23G1/086—Iron or steel solutions containing HF
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of metallurgy, provides a nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel material and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that electrolytic manganese influences the quality of a casting blank, the material belongs to hypo-peritectic steel, peritectic reaction can occur, a plate blank can generate great linear shrinkage in the solidification process, the cooling of a blank shell is uneven, and continuous casting blank quality defects such as longitudinal cracking and transverse cracking are generated. The main scheme comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.01-0.15%, Ni: 1.00-1.30%, Cr: 13.00-13.50%, Mn: 9.00-9.50%, Cu: 0.20-0.35%, Si: 0.20-0.40%, P: less than or equal to 0.045%, S: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, N: 0.13-0.18%, the balance being Fe and impurities. When the electrolytic manganese is added into the LF refining furnace, the electrolytic manganese is baked for more than 180min before being added into the LF refining furnace and the GOR converter, and the baking temperature is more than 150 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metallurgy, and provides a nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the increasing rareness and shortage of nickel resources in the world, particularly the increasing exhaustion of high-grade laterite resources, in order to fully utilize nickel resources and avoid risks caused by nickel value fluctuation, the efficient and environment-friendly utilization of low-grade laterite (the nickel grade is less than 0.8%) becomes a development trend of current nickel metallurgy and stainless steel production. Meanwhile, along with the increasingly prominent contradiction between supply and demand of stainless steel (according to the statistics of China Special Steel Association stainless Steel Committee: 3063.2 million tons of crude stainless steel yield and 2610.1 million tons of apparent consumption of stainless steel in 2021) and the national macro regulation and control of the steel industry, how enterprises can stand alone in a non-abortive place under the increasingly competitive market environment becomes a major survival problem for each major stainless steel enterprise, so that each enterprise combines the existing equipment technology and production process to develop a new product (especially a nickel-saving new product) which has low cost and high quality, meets the use requirements of special customers and meets the national and industrial standards, and becomes the main trend of the production and research of the current enterprises. In foreign countries, major stainless steel enterprises in developed countries such as the united states and japan have developed various nickel-saving stainless steels according to their own production and market conditions, for example, japan enterprises have developed a large number of nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel products based on SUS201 and SUS202, and united states enterprises have developed a large number of nickel-saving stainless steel products based on 200-series stainless steel such as S20100, S20200 and S20500. In terms of China, stainless steel enterprises such as Bao steel De Sheng and Guangzhou allied people develop nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel. Therefore, the development of the low-cost nickel-saving stainless steel is not only a market demand, but also has the national strategic significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel material and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems that electrolytic manganese influences the quality of a casting blank, the material belongs to hypo-peritectic steel, peritectic reaction can occur, a plate blank can generate large linear shrinkage in the solidification process, the cooling of a blank shell is not uniform, and continuous casting blank quality defects such as longitudinal cracking and transverse cracking are generated.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical means:
the invention provides a nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel material which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.01-0.15%, Ni: 1.00-1.30%, Cr: 13.00-13.50%, Mn: 9.00-9.50%, Cu: 0.20-0.35%, Si: 0.20-0.40%, P: less than or equal to 0.045%, S: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, N: 0.13-0.18%, the balance being Fe and impurities.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel material, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding nickel-chromium pig iron and silicon carbide serving as a deoxidation material into stainless steel smelting mother liquor in an electric arc furnace;
step 2, transferring the stainless steel mother liquor into a GOR converter for decarburization, wherein the GOR converter is subjected to silicomanganese reduction, and is alloyed by high-carbon ferrochrome, silicomanganese alloy, electrolytic manganese and electrolytic copper to obtain alloyed molten steel;
step 3, sending the obtained alloyed molten steel into an LF refining furnace, measuring the components of the alloyed molten steel, adding raw materials into the LF refining furnace according to the measurement result, and finely adjusting the material proportion to obtain refined molten steel;
step 4, continuously casting the molten steel refined by the LF through a continuous casting machine, adding covering slag on the molten steel surface in a crystallizer of the continuous casting machine, solidifying and forming the molten steel in the crystallizer, and continuously casting to obtain a continuous casting slab;
step 5, carrying out hot rolling on the continuous casting plate blank to obtain a stainless steel black skin coil;
when the raw material of the electrolytic manganese is added into the LF refining furnace, the electrolytic manganese is roasted for more than 180min before being added into the LF refining furnace or the GOR converter, and the roasting temperature is more than 150 ℃.
In the technical scheme, the hot-rolled stainless steel black skin coil is pickled, and the annealing temperature is as follows: 1060-1160 ℃, acid concentration: HNO 3: 50-65%, HF: and 55 percent.
In the above technical scheme, Al2O3：6.97％，Fe：0.93％，CFO3：0.93％，CaO： 39.38％，MgO：1.02％，SiO2: 35.09%, MnO: 2.28%, Ni: 0.02 percent and the balance of C.
Because the invention adopts the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the project designs chemical components, and solves the technical defects of the traditional product in element content on the premise of good mechanical property, processability and corrosion resistance.
2. The project controls the hit rate of smelting components, and improves the short application plate with low component hit rate of carbon content in the traditional process.
3. The project optimizes the electrolytic manganese baking process and overcomes the technical bottleneck of high water content in the traditional process.
4. The project optimizes the continuous casting process and solves the technical bottleneck that the traditional process is easy to generate peritectic reaction due to high manganese content.
5. The project optimizes the annealing and pickling process and solves the technical bottleneck that a large amount of oxides are formed on the surface of strip steel in the traditional continuous casting process.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given of embodiments of the present invention. While the invention will be described and illustrated in connection with certain specific embodiments thereof, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to those embodiments. Rather, modifications and equivalents of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the claims.
Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
The invention provides a nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel material formula, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.01-0.15%, Ni: 1.00-1.30%, Cr: 13.00-13.50%, Mn: 9.00-9.50%, Cu: 0.20-0.35%, Si: 0.20-0.40%, P: less than or equal to 0.045%, S: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, N: 0.13-0.18%, the balance being Fe and impurities.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel material, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding nickel-chromium pig iron and silicon carbide serving as a deoxidation material into stainless steel smelting mother liquor in an electric arc furnace;
step 2, transferring the stainless steel mother liquor into a GOR converter for decarburization, wherein the GOR converter adopts ferrosilicon for reduction, and adopts high-carbon ferrochrome, silicomanganese alloy, electrolytic manganese and electrolytic copper for alloying to obtain alloyed molten steel;
step 3, sending the obtained alloyed molten steel into an LF refining furnace, measuring the components of the alloyed molten steel, adding raw materials into the LF refining furnace according to the measurement result, and finely adjusting the material ratio to obtain refined molten steel;
step 4, continuously casting the molten steel refined by the LF through a continuous casting machine, adding protective slag on the molten steel surface in a crystallizer of the continuous casting machine, solidifying and forming the molten steel in the crystallizer, and continuously casting to obtain a continuous casting slab;
step 5, carrying out hot rolling on the continuous casting plate blank to obtain a stainless steel black skin coil;
when electrolytic manganese is added into GOR and LF refining furnaces, the electrolytic manganese is roasted for more than 180min before being added into the LF refining furnaces, and the roasting temperature is more than 150 ℃.
In the technical scheme, the hot-rolled stainless steel black skin coil is pickled, and the annealing temperature is as follows: 1060-1160 ℃, acid concentration: HN 03: 50-65%, HF: and 55 percent.
In the above technical scheme, Al2O3：6.97％，Fe：0.93％，CrO3：0.93％，CaO： 39.38％，MgO：1.02％，SiO2：35.09％，MnO：2.28％，Ni：0.02% and the balance C.
Performance index
Statistics of mechanical properties
The problems to be solved by the improved formula are as follows:
1. high requirement on purity of molten steel
The steel grade is mainly used for the industries of cold rolling decorative panels and stainless steel pipe making. The products need to be processed into thin stainless steel strips by large-reduction cold rolling, and the defects of surface peeling, pockmarks, perforation and the like of the cold-rolled products can be caused by the excessively high content of the inclusions, and the corrosion resistance of the products can be reduced. Therefore, the steel grade has high requirements on the purity of molten steel.
However, the manganese content of the steel is as high as 9.0-9.5%, and electrolytic manganese is required to be added into an LF refining furnace for component adjustment. The electrolytic manganese of the slice is cooled in a water extraction mode, so that the water content is high. A large amount of electrolytic manganese metal is added in the GOR reduction period, and water can be decomposed at high temperature to generate a large amount of [ O ], so that the purity of molten steel is influenced. The oxygen content in the steel exceeds the limit, which can affect the quality of casting blanks and reduce the mechanical and corrosion resistance of the steel.
In order to solve the problem of high water content of electrolytic manganese, a process system for heating and baking the electrolytic manganese by using natural gas is determined through a large number of tests. Research shows that the influence of [ O ] on the purity of molten steel can be effectively avoided only when the water content in the electrolytic manganese is ensured to be below 0.5 percent.
During the development period of the steel grade, aiming at the problem, an electrolytic manganese baking test scheme is established and experimental verification is carried out. The water content of the electrolytic manganese for experiments is 1.2 percent through detection, and the experimental scheme and the results are shown below.
Electrolytic manganese baking experimental data
From the above experimental results, it can be seen that: when the baking time is more than 180min and the baking temperature is more than 150 ℃, the water content in the electrolytic manganese is reduced to be less than 0.5 percent, the baking time is continuously increased, and the moisture content change of the baking temperature is small.
2. Continuous casting process control
The process difficulty of the steel in the continuous casting process mainly comprises two aspects, namely, the steel belongs to sub-peritectic steel, peritectic reaction can occur, and a plate blank can generate great linear shrinkage in the solidification process, so that the cooling of a blank shell is not uniform, and the quality defects of continuous casting blanks such as longitudinal cracking, transverse cracking and the like are generated; secondly, the content of manganese in the molten steel is high (9.0-9.5%), and the manganese is a strong oxidizing element, so that the modification of the casting powder is easily caused, and the difficulty of the continuous casting process is increased.
The peritectic reaction has serious influence on the surface quality of a casting blank, and the cooling rate and the positions of peritectic reaction and peritectic points of the Fe-C alloy are influenced by silicon-manganese alloy elements. Research and analysis results show that: the linear shrinkage coefficient is 9.8 × 10 due to the delta-Fe + L → gamma Fe transition-5V. DEG C, and the linear shrinkage coefficient of delta-Fe without peritectic reaction was 2X 10-5/° c, the amount of linear shrinkage is large at the time of peritectic reaction. If the selection of the casting powder is not reasonable, air gaps are easily formed between the steel blank shell and the wall of the crystallizer, the premature formation of the air gaps can cause uneven shrinkage and uneven thickness of the steel blank shell, and cracks are easily formed at weak positions; if the two cold water are not well configured, cracks can be formed and are accelerated to propagate, and finally, the defects of transverse cracks, longitudinal cracks and the like are formed in the continuous casting billet and on the surface of the continuous casting billet.
In order to solve the problems, in the actual production process, optimization and improvement are carried out from multiple aspects such as equipment, metallurgical auxiliary materials, processes, detection and the like, key factors influencing the defects of the steel are found, and continuous casting parameters such as pouring temperature of a tundish, type of casting powder, pouring speed, secondary cooling water amount and the like are determined.
(1) The casting powder provided by the invention comprises the following components: al (Al)2O3：6.97％，Fe：0.93％， CrO3：0.93％，CaO：39.38％，MgO：1.02％，SiO2: 35.09%, MnO: 2.28%, Ni: 0.02% and the balance C.
(2) According to the continuous casting characteristics of the steel grade, the parameters of the trial production continuous casting process are formulated as follows:
the temperature of the continuous casting ladle on the bench is 1515 ℃, and the casting temperature, the drawing speed, the taper of the crystallizer and the like of the continuous casting tundish are shown according to the following table:
the second cooling water parameters were set with reference to the following table:
for big packet interpretation:
and (4) large packaging: molten steel from the converter is firstly filled in a large ladle (ladle) and sent to an LF refining furnace for refining, the refined molten steel is lifted to a continuous casting rotary table through a travelling crane, and the molten steel in the large ladle is firstly injected into a tundish during casting.
The tundish is the main function of the tundish:
(1) reducing the ferrostatic pressure, keeping the stable molten steel level of the tundish and stably injecting the molten steel into the crystallizer;
(2) promoting the impurities in the molten steel to further float upwards so as to purify the molten steel;
(3) and shunting the molten steel. For a multi-strand continuous casting machine, distributing molten steel to each crystallizer through a tundish;
(4) and storing the molten steel. When the multi-furnace continuous casting is used for replacing the ladle, the pulling speed is not reduced, and conditions are created for the multi-furnace continuous casting. The tundish mainly has the functions of reducing pressure, stabilizing flow, removing impurities, storing and shunting molten steel).
The function of the big bag is as follows: a container for containing molten steel.
3. Hot rolling process system setting
The steel grade is easy to have a high-temperature ferrite phase in a high-temperature heating process, and the ferrite content can be increased along with the increase of the temperature and the prolongation of the residence time of a high-temperature section. Because the deformation resistance of austenite and ferrite in a high-temperature state is different, the difference of dynamic recrystallization rates is larger, the plasticity of two structures is different, and the edge crack defect of the strip steel is easy to occur during hot rolling.
The high-temperature oxidation resistance of the steel is weak, and the setting of a heating furnace and the coiling temperature must be considered during the process preparation. Too high heating temperature can cause the continuous casting billet to generate a large amount of iron scales in the heating furnace, and the hot rolling descaling difficulty is increased, so that the hot rolling heating temperature, the hot rolling deformation temperature, the coiling temperature and the like need to be subjected to detailed parameter setting, and a reasonable hot rolling process system is formulated.
The difficulty of controlling the steel rolling process is controlling the temperature of a heating furnace, the heating time and the coiling temperature, and the technical key points in the steel rolling process are formulated as follows according to the characteristics of the steel grade:
(1) according to the heating characteristics of the steel grade, a steel grade heating system is established in the trial production process and is shown in the following table;
| temperature in two heating stages (. degree. C.) | Temperature (. degree.C.) of soaking zone | On-furnace time (min) |
| 1150～1180℃ | 1230～1260℃ | 180～210 |
Strictly controlling the furnace time, controlling the secondary heating temperature according to the middle upper limit, and controlling the air-fuel ratio within the range of 7.6-10.2 to ensure that the atmosphere in the furnace is a weak reducing atmosphere.
(2) According to the hot working performance of the steel grade, the process schedule for descaling and rolling temperature of the rolled steel is as follows:
(3) and in the laminar cooling stage, the model automatically controls the third group to the fifth group, and the coiling temperature is ensured to be 810 +/-20 ℃.
4. Annealing and pickling process system
The purpose of the annealing treatment is mainly divided into two aspects, namely solid solution of carbide to improve the intergranular corrosion resistance of the nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel. Secondly, the deformation texture of the hot-rolled strip steel is recrystallized at high temperature, and the hardness of the product is reduced.
Because the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the steel grade is weak, a large amount of oxides are easily formed on the surface of the strip steel after annealing. In order to ensure the surface quality of the acid-washing product, the acid liquor concentration and the acid liquor temperature of the sulfuric acid section and the acid mixing section need to be reasonably adjusted.
In conclusion, the project group carries out mass production tests during annealing and pickling, and determines parameters such as annealing temperature, pickling process speed, acid consumption and the like of the steel grade.
Acid washing process
In order to control the hardness and the pickling surface quality of the product, pickling process parameters are set during trial production as follows:
1) the annealing and pickling temperature is controlled according to the following table, and the speed of the pickling and pickling annealing process is set to be 50 m/min:
2) the acid concentration and the acid temperature of each pickling area are controlled according to the following table:
example 1
The purchased raw material nickel-chromium pig iron of each batch needs to be subjected to component analysis before smelting to obtain the mass percentage of each component, and the mass percentage of the components of the purchased raw material nickel-chromium pig iron of each batch is different.
Taking 65T of pig iron containing nickel and chromium (the main chemical components of which are, by mass, 4.6% of C, 0.08% of S, 0.043% of P, 0.75% of Si, 1.60% of Ni, 3.3% of Cr and the balance of Fe) as an electric furnace base material, adding SiC as a deoxidation material into a 70T electric arc furnace to smelt stainless steel mother liquor, smelting for 65min by using the electric furnace, and tapping at 1600 ℃ by using the electric furnace.
The raw materials are completely melted in an electric furnace and then transferred into a GOR converter for decarburization (the temperature required by stainless steel mother liquor entering the GOR converter is more than or equal to 1500 ℃), the GOR converter is subjected to silicon-manganese reduction, high-carbon ferrochrome, silicon-manganese alloy, electrolytic manganese and electrolytic copper are alloyed, the mass of the high-carbon ferrochrome is 16t (the main chemical components of the high-carbon ferrochrome comprise, by mass, 52.7% of Cr, 7.0% of C, 4.1% of Si, 0.02% of P, 0.02% of S and the balance of Fe), the mass of the silicon-manganese alloy (28% of Si and 62%) is 5 t/furnace, the electrolytic manganese is 1 t/furnace, the tapping temperature is 1600 ℃, and the smelting time is 120 min. After the alloyed molten steel is obtained, the chemical compositions of the alloyed molten steel are as follows by mass percent: c: 0.14%, Si: 0.40%, Mn: 9.40%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.045%, Ni: 1.20%, Cr: 13.40%, Cu: 0.46%, N: 0.17 percent and the balance of Fe.
And (4) sending the molten steel to LF for treatment, and electrically heating the molten steel through an LF furnace to raise the temperature. 1Kg/t of electrolytic manganese and 2Kg/t of electrolytic copper are adopted in an LF furnace to finely regulate chemical components (the Ar blowing strength is increased, but the molten steel cannot be exposed, and the sample is taken after stirring for 5 minutes),
sedation: stopping argon till the ladle is poured, wherein the calming time is more than 20 minutes; the smelting time in the LF furnace is 40min, and the tapping temperature is 1550 ℃. Continuously casting molten steel refined by LF (ladle furnace) by a continuous casting machine, adding covering slag on the molten steel surface in a crystallizer of the continuous casting machine, solidifying and forming the molten steel in the crystallizer, controlling the continuous casting drawing speed to be 0.7-1.0m/min, and obtaining a continuous casting slab with the thickness of 200 multiplied by 1250 multiplied by 10800mm, wherein the chemical components of the continuous casting slab comprise the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.14%, Si: 0.40%, Mn: 9.50%, S: 0.005%, P: 0.010%, Ni: 1.20%, Cr: 13.40%, Cu: 0.50%, N: 0.17 percent and the balance of Fe.
It is worth noting that before the electrolytic manganese is added into GOR and LF furnaces, the electrolytic manganese needs to be baked for more than 180min, and the baking temperature is more than 150 ℃.
The continuously cast slab was then hot rolled to obtain a stainless steel black coil having a thickness of 2.2mm and a width of 1250 mm. The hot rolling temperature was 1220 ℃. The quality defect of edge cracking does not appear in the hot rolling process, and the hot processing performance is good. Pickling the hot-rolled stainless steel black skin coil, wherein the annealing temperature is as follows: 1060-1160 ℃, acid concentration: HNO 3: 50-65%, HF: and 55 percent. The acid washing process has no peeling quality defect and good processing performance.
Claims (4)
1. A nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel material is characterized in that the material proportion is calculated according to the weight percentage,
C：0.10-0.20％、
Ni：1.00-1.30％、
Cr：13.00-13.50％、
Mn：9.00-9.50％、
Cu：0.20-0.35％、
Si：0.20-0.55％、
P：≤0.045％、
S：≤0.010％、
N：0.13-0.18％，
the balance consisting of Fe and impurities.
2. A method of preparing a nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, adding nickel-chromium pig iron and silicon carbide serving as a deoxidation material into stainless steel smelting mother liquor in an electric arc furnace;
step 2, transferring the stainless steel mother liquor into a GOR converter for decarburization, wherein the GOR converter is subjected to silicomanganese reduction, and is alloyed by high-carbon ferrochrome, silicomanganese alloy, electrolytic manganese and electrolytic copper to obtain alloyed molten steel;
step 3, sending the obtained alloyed molten steel into an LF refining furnace, measuring the components of the alloyed molten steel, adding raw materials into the LF refining furnace according to the measurement result, and finely adjusting the material proportion to obtain refined molten steel;
step 4, continuously casting the molten steel refined by the LF through a continuous casting machine, adding protective slag on the molten steel surface in a crystallizer of the continuous casting machine, solidifying and forming the molten steel in the crystallizer, and continuously casting to obtain a continuous casting slab;
step 5, carrying out hot rolling on the continuous casting plate blank to obtain a stainless steel black skin coil;
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
when the raw material of the electrolytic manganese is added into the LF refining furnace, the electrolytic manganese is roasted for more than 180min before being added into the LF refining furnace or the GOR converter, and the roasting temperature is more than 150 ℃.
3. The method for preparing the nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel material according to claim 2,
pickling the hot-rolled stainless steel black coil, wherein the annealing temperature is as follows: 1060-1160 ℃, acid concentration: HNO 3: 50-65%, HF: and 55 percent.
4. The method for preparing the nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel material according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the casting powder comprises the following components: al (Al)2O3：6.97％，Fe：0.93％，CtO3：0.93％，CaO：39.38％，MgO：1.02％，SiO2: 35.09%, MnO: 2.28%, Ni: 0.02% and the balance C.
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