CN114686524A - Method for producing 1-year-old female yellow fin sea bream by using gene editing - Google Patents
Method for producing 1-year-old female yellow fin sea bream by using gene editing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing all-female yellow-fin sparus in a large scale, which comprises the following steps: (S1) obtaining F0 generation chimera male fish; (S2) test cross and screening of gene mutation individuals; (S3) production and identification of 1-year-old female yellow-fin sparus. The method is based on the hermaphrodite reproduction characteristics of the oplegnathus fasciatus, combines the sex functional gene nos2 and the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, and provides a new genetically improved strain or new variety for the oplegnathus fasciatus culture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic animal genetic breeding and functional gene utilization, and particularly relates to a method for producing 1-year-old female yellow-fin sea bream by using gene editing, in particular to a method for producing 1-year-old female yellow-fin sea bream by using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing.
Background
(yellow fin sea bream)Acanthopagrus latus) Belonging to the order Perciformes (Perciformes), the family Sparidae (Sparidae), the genus Acanthopagrus (Acanthopaprus), also known as picrorhiza, Red wing, shark, yellow fin sea bream. The body is oblong, flat and narrow, high, pointed at the head and double-fork at the tail. The yellow-fin sea bream is distributed throughout the western pacific of india, from the bay of bos, along the indian coast to the philippines, from australia to japan, where china is mainly distributed in coastal cities of guangdong, fujian, guangxi, and the like. The sparus latus has strong salinity adaptability, and good seawater and brackish water growth, so the sparus latus occupies an important position in the breeding industry. The yellow-fin Pagrus major belongs to the hermaphrodite male pre-mature fish, has no sex chromosome and the sexual inversion phenomenon, the yellow-fin Pagrus major of 1 age and 2 ages is all functional male fish, and until the third breeding season, part of adult fish is sexually inverted into functional female fish. The sexual differentiation mode and the sex reversal reproduction characteristic cause the lack of the number of female fish in the production practice of the sparus latus, and bring great difficulty to the artificial breeding and genetic improvement of the sparus latus. And female fish individuals in the yellow-fin sea bream population are larger than male fish, so that the specifications in the cultured population are irregular, and the feed utilization rate is low. Therefore, the research on the sex control technology of the yellow-fin sparus is carried out, the 1-age female yellow-fin sparus is produced, the culture efficiency of the yellow-fin sparus is greatly improved, and a foundation is laid for the next step of culturing the full-female yellow-fin sparus strain. So far, no research on sex control technology of sparus latus is found at home and abroad.
The CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology is a genome-directed editing and modifying technology developed in recent years, and mainly utilizes a target-specific guide RNA to guide Cas9 protease to complete specific cleavage on a target DNA sequence. The technology is simple to operate, has high genome cutting efficiency, and is currently applied to various fishes, including zebra fish, medaka, pelteobagrus fulvidraco, cynoglossus semilaevis, nile tilapia, channel catfish, northern pike, rainbow trout, carp, finless eel and the like. However, to date, no gene editing operation has been achieved in yellow fin sea bream. Therefore, the research on the gene function and genetic improvement and breeding of the sparus latus is slow.
Nanos2 is one of the Nanos gene family members, can code for a conserved RNA binding protein, is mainly expressed in primordial germ cells and spermatogonia, and is an important male reproductive regulatory factor. Currently, the Nanos2 has been studied in a plurality of species such as mice, fruit flies, zebra fishes, chickens and the like, and the Nanos2 is proved to have important regulation and control effects on the generation of males and the inhibition of females, but the influence on the generation and development of the spermary ovary structure of hermaphrodite fishes is not reported yet, and further study is still needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing 1 (year-old) female yellow fin sea bream by using gene editing, which is based on the gynogenetic characteristics of the yellow fin sea bream, the utilization of sex functional gene nos2 and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology and provides a new genetically improved strain or new variety for the culture of the yellow fin sea bream.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: a method for producing 1-year-old female yellow fin sea bream by using gene editing comprises the following steps:
(S1) obtaining of male fish of F0 generation chimeras: introducing a mRNA mixture of gRNA of a nos2 target gene and Cas9 protein into an animal pole of a fertilized egg at the cell stage of the yellow fin sea bream 1 by using a CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing method and adopting a microinjection mode, and hatching to obtain the F0 generation chimeric yellow fin sea bream male fish with the mutated target gene;
(S2) test crossing and screening of individuals with gene mutation: the F0 generation chimera yellow-fin sea bream male fish obtained in the step (S1) and wild red-fin sea bream male fishMating female fish, and screening F1 generation heterozygote individuals with the sense mutation of the nos2 from offspring (nos 2)+/-）；
(S3) production and identification of 1-year-old female yellow-fin sea bream: individuals heterozygote for the F1 generation (nos 2)+/-) Culturing to sexual maturity, wherein a part of individuals normally develop heterozygote male fish (nos 2)+/-) Some individuals naturally reverse to heterozygote female fish of the F1 generation (nos 2)+/-) Selecting heterozygote female fish of the F1 generation (nos 2)+/-) And male heterozygotes of the F1 generation (nos 2)+/-) Mating, screening to obtain F2 generation homozygous mutant individuals (nos 2)-/-) The individual homozygous mutant of the F2 generation (nos 2)-/-) At age 1, sexual reversal to functional female fish occurs.
According to the invention, through researching the reproductive characteristics of the yellow fin porgy, the influence of the nos2 gene on the gonadal development of the yellow fin porgy is proved, so that a step and a method for producing 1 (year-old) female yellow fin porgy are established, and technical support is provided for sex control of the yellow fin porgy and breeding research of the all-female yellow fin porgy.
In the above method for producing 1-instar female yellow fin sea bream by gene editing:
preferably, the primers for synthesizing the gRNA of the NOs2 target gene in step (S1) include a forward primer NOs2-gRNA-F and a reverse primer gRNA-R, and the sequence of the forward primer NOs2-gRNA-F is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, and the sequence of the reverse primer gRNA-R is shown as SEQ ID NO: 2, respectively.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the forward primers nos2-gRNA-F required for synthesis of grnas were:
nanos2-gRNA-F:TAATACGACTCACTATAGGGCTCCCTCCTGCCCGACGGTTTTAGAGCTAGAAATAGC。
the reverse primer gRNA-R is as follows:
gRNA-R: AGCACCGACTCGGTGCCACT。
preferably, the final concentrations of the gRNA of the nanos2 target gene and the Cas9 protein in the step (S1) are respectively about 30-40 ng/muL and 150-200 ng/muL, more preferably 40 ng/muL and 200 ng/muL, and the injection amount of the mRNA mixture of the gRNA of the nanos2 target gene and the Cas9 protein in each fertilized egg is about 1-2 nL, more preferably 1 nL.
Preferably, in the step (S1), the mRNA mixture of the gRNA of the nos2 target gene and the Cas9 protein is introduced into the animal pole of the fertilized egg at the cell stage of the yellow fin sea bream 1 by microinjection, and the injection is completed within 40 minutes after the fertilization.
At room temperature, the fertilized egg 1-cell phase can only be maintained for about 40 minutes, and thus injection is completed within 40 minutes after fertilization.
Preferably, in the step (S2), the F0 generation chimeric yellow-fin sea bream male fish and the wild type female fish are mixed according to the ratio of 1: 1-2, preferably 1: 1.
preferably, individuals heterozygous for the F1 generation having the sense mutation of the nos2 (nos 2) in the step (S2)+/-) Is an F1 generation heterozygote individual with the mutation type with the highest mutation ratio being 5 base deletion (nos 2)+/-）。
The invention detects 5 mutation types in total, namely, the base deletion occurs in different degrees near the position of a target sequence, the total mutation rate is about 25 percent, wherein the mutation type with the highest proportion is the deletion of 5 bases, and the invention selects F1 generation heterozygote individuals (nos 2) with the mutation type with the highest mutation rate and the deletion of 5 bases+/-) Proceed to the next step.
Preferably, the step (S2) is used for detecting individuals heterozygous for the F1 generation (nos 2) with the sense mutation of nos2+/-) The PCR primer of (1), which comprises a forward primer NOs2-F1 and a reverse primer NOs2-R1, wherein the sequence of the forward primer NOs2-F1 is shown as SEQ ID NO: 3, the sequence of the reverse primer NOs2-R1 is shown as SEQ ID NO: 4, respectively.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the forward primer nos2-F1 is: GCGCAATTTCTCCCCCAAAA, respectively;
the reverse primer nanos2-R1 is: GTCTCTCGCTGTCCATCGTC are provided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) at present, no micromanipulation technology for the yellow fin porgy embryo is available, and no related technical report for editing the endogenous gene of the yellow fin porgy is available, the invention establishes the precise editing technology of the endogenous gene in the yellow fin porgy for the first time to obtain the yellow fin porgy embryo with high mutation rate;
(2) the invention utilizes functional gene nos2 to effectively regulate and control the gonadal development of the yellow fin porgy and produce the female yellow fin porgy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the selection and mutation detection of CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of a nos2 gene targeting sequence in example 1;
FIG. 2 shows the homozygous mutants for the 1 st wild type and the 1 st F2 generation in example 1 (nos 2)-/-) Section map of gonad development.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention, if not specifically mentioned, are conventional in the art, and the reagents or materials, if not specifically mentioned, are commercially available.
Example 1
The present example provides a method for producing 1-year-old (1-year-old) female yellow-fin sea bream by using gene editing, comprising the following steps:
(1) artificial propagation of sparus latus and obtaining of fertilized egg at 1 cell stage
Sexually mature Pagrus latus parents were selected and kept in a 30 cubic meter cement pond, and female and male fish were injected with Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone A3 (Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone A3, LHRHA3, Ningbo second hormone factory, China) and with human chorionic gonadotropin (Humanori ChonicMengadolopin, hCG, Ningbo second hormone factory) at a dose of 4. mu.g/kg. After injection, the parent fish is placed back into a cement pond with the water temperature of 22-25 ℃ and the salinity of 22-25 per mill, the female fish is fished out for egg extrusion after waiting for 32-36 hours, and meanwhile, sperms of the male fish are extruded for artificial fertilization. Sperm and ovum are mixed evenly, and then seawater with salinity of 25 per mill is used for activating sperm, completing insemination and being used for microinjection.
(2) Construction of guide RNA and Cas9 mRNA of Sparus latus Nanos2 gene
Based on the verified nos2 transcript of Sparus latus (Gene ID: 119008502) and the genomic sequence of Sparus latus (PRJEB 40700), the CRISPR/Cas9 target sequence design website (http:// ZiFiTThe design of the nos2 gene knockout target mainly comprises the following design and screening principles: (1) the length of the target sequence is 19-24 bases, the 5' end is GG or G head-dissipating, and the NGG motif is followed by the target sequence; (2) the target sequence is in the exon region, preferably near the 5' end of the protein coding region, so as to completely denature the protein; (3) whole genome retrieval of target sequence by local blast program, E-value with upper limit of 1E-10The base identity of the blast-to-non-target sequence is less than 14 nt to reduce off-target.
The forward primers required for synthesis of grnas were:
nanos2-gRNA-F: TAATACGACTCACTATAGGGCTCCCTCCTGCCCGACGGTTTTAGAGCTAGAAATAGC (shown as SEQ ID NO: 1), wherein the first 17 bases are a T7 promoter sequence, the last 20 bases are a sequence of the 5' end part of a gRNA framework, and the middle 20 bases are a target sequence of a Nanos2 gene (A picture in figure 1);
the reverse primer is gRNA-R: AGCACCGACTCGGTGCCACT (shown as SEQ ID NO: 2) and is a gRNA framework 3' end part sequence.
In vitro Transcription of gRNA was performed using the T7 High Yield RNA Transcription Kit (Novozam, China). Then using ultramicro spectrophotometer Nanodrop 2000 to make concentration detection, using 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis to analyze its integrity, finally placing it in refrigerator at-80 deg.C for stand-by.
The PCR reaction system comprises: 2xTaq Plus Master Mix II (Vazyme, China) 5. mu.L, each of the nos2-gRNA-F and gRNA-R primers 0.5. mu.L (10. mu.M), plasmid containing gRNA backbone sequence (DR 274) template 0.5. mu.L (100 ng), ddH2O 3.5 μL。
PCR amplification reaction conditions: first at 95 deg.C for 5min, at 95 deg.C for 30 s, at 50 deg.C for 20 s, and at 72 deg.C for 10 s, for 37 cycles, and at last at 72 deg.C for 1 min.
The amplification products were separated on 1.0% agarose gel and bands of the expected size were cut and recovered using an E.Z.N.A. gel recovery kit (Omega, USA) and dissolved in DEPC water, and some samples were sent to Beijing Optimalaceae Biotech Limited for sequencing. After the sequence to be detected is verified to be accurate, in vitro transcription can be started.
In vitro Transcription of grnas was performed using the T7 High Yield RNA Transcription Kit (Vazyme, China), the main steps including: adding 2 mu L of 10 x reaction buffer, 2 mu L of ATP, GTP, UTP and CTP solution and 2 mu L of RNA polymerase mix to the enzyme-free PCR tube, recovering 200-500 ng of a template from a PCR product, adding DEPC water to 20 mu L, uniformly mixing, incubating at 37 ℃ for 3-4 h, adding 1 mu L of DNase I, incubating at 37 ℃ for 15min, and digesting the DNA template.
Finally, HiPure RNA Pure Micro Kit (magenta, China) is used for purification and recovery, and the main steps comprise: firstly, adjusting the volume of a sample to be 100 mu L by DEPC Water, then adding 300 mu L of Buffer RP, uniformly mixing by vortex for 10 s, standing for 5min at room temperature, adding 600 mu L of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing by vortex for 15 s, sleeving a HiPureRNA column on a collecting pipe, transferring the obtained mixed solution to the column, centrifuging for 30-60 s at 10,000 g, discarding the filtrate, adding 500 mu L of Buffer RW2 (diluted by absolute ethyl alcohol) into the column, standing for 2min, centrifuging for 30-60 s at 10,000 g, repeating the step once, sleeving the column into a 1.5mL centrifuge tube, adding 15-30 mu L of LRse Free Water to the center of a column membrane, standing for 1 min, and then centrifuging for 1 min at 13,000 g.
Then using ultramicro spectrophotometer Nanodrop 2000 to make concentration detection, using 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis to analyze its integrity, finally placing it in refrigerator at-80 deg.C for stand-by.
Cas9 plasmid was linearized with XbaI restriction endonuclease, i.e., water bath at 37 ℃ for 3 h, and then a small amount of the reaction solution was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis to confirm whether the plasmid was completely cut, and for the completely cut plasmid, direct recovery was performed using GenElute ™ PCR purification kit (Sigma, Germany). Then mMESSAGEEmMACHINE T7 kit (ambion) is used for in vitro transcription of Cas9 mRNA, and the main operation steps comprise: adding 10 x reaction buffer 2 mu L, 2x NTP/CAP 10 mu L, T7 Enzyme Mix 2 mu L, RNase inhibitor 0.5 mu L and linearized Cas9 plasmid template 800 ng-1 mu g into an Enzyme-free PCR tube, then adding DEPC water to 20 mu L, incubating for 2-3 h at 37 ℃, adding 1 mu L TURBO DNase, and incubating for 15min at 37 ℃. Placing 30 mu L of LiCl and 30 mu L of EPC water in the obtained reaction system at-20 ℃ for more than 1 h, centrifuging at 4 ℃ for 30 min, then sucking out the supernatant, then adding 70% ethanol prepared by DEPC water, inverting for several times, then centrifuging at 4 ℃ for 5min, sucking out the supernatant, airing at room temperature for 15min, adding 20 mu L of DEPC water for dissolving, after gently blowing and dissolving, measuring the concentration of RNA and detecting the integrity of the RNA by electrophoresis, and finally placing in a refrigerator at-80 ℃ for later use.
(3) Microinjection and embryo incubation of fertilized eggs of sparus latus
The fertilized eggs of the just inseminated sparus latus are evenly placed in a groove prepared by 1 percent agarose gel, the animal pole of the cells is observed under a stereomicroscope, and the cell is adjusted to a proper multiple. Cas9 mRNA and nanos2-gRNA were then mixed, and a small amount of RNase-free phenol red was added, with final concentrations of Cas9 mRNA and nanos2-gRNA adjusted to 200 ng/μ L and 40ng/μ L, respectively, and added to a glass injection needle. The glass injection needle is drawn by a WPI brand horizontal needle drawing instrument (PUL-1000), and the needle drawing parameters are heat: 710, Force: 300, Distance: 9.00 and Delay: 0. Finally, injecting the fertilized egg animal pole in the 1-cell stage by using a WPI (WPI) brand microinjection system (PV 820), pressurizing by using nitrogen, wherein the injection amount of each fertilized egg is about 1nL, the fertilized egg 1-cell stage can only be maintained for about 40 minutes at room temperature, and the injection is required to be completed within 40 minutes after fertilization.
The embryos of the sparus latus after microinjection are transferred into seawater with the salinity of 23 per mill for incubation, the embryos after microinjection are fragile, and the embryos are easy to die due to violent vibration. After standing and incubating for 12 hours, the eggs can be transferred into a barrel with the volume of about 20L to be oxygenated and incubated by an oxygenation pump until membranes are broken. Selecting dead eggs in time during hatching, changing 2/3 water once a day, transferring the small yellow fin porgy seedlings after membrane rupture into a barrel with the volume of half cubic meter for culture after membrane rupture, and observing that the yellow fin porgy seedlings can quickly swim after 3-4 days of membrane rupture, namely gradually adding palatable bait for feeding, and continuously feeding for more than 3 months.
(4) Microinjection yellow-fin sea bream embryo mutation detection
In order to detect the efficiency of targeted mutation, about 20 microinjected embryos are randomly selected for mutation detection 24 hours after microinjection. Firstly, performing DNA crude Extraction on embryos by using PCR specimen treatment fluid (Dongsheng, China), and mainly comprising the steps of putting 20 microinjected embryos (Mutant) and wild-type embryos (WT) into a 1.5mL centrifuge tube, adding 180 mu L of Extraction Solution, performing vortex oscillation, performing warm bath at 95 ℃ for 15min, adding 20 mu L of Neutralization Solution, performing full oscillation, and centrifuging at 5000rpm for 2min, wherein supernatant is DNA crude extract.
Designing PCR primers according to upstream and downstream sequences of targeted editing sites of the sparus latus nanos2 gene, wherein the forward primer nanos2-F1 is as follows: GCGCAATTTCTCCCCCAAAA (shown in SEQ ID NO: 3), and the reverse primer NOs2-R1 is: GTCTCTCGCTGTCCATCGTC (shown in SEQ ID NO: 4).
The PCR reaction system comprises: 2xTaq Plus Master Mix II (Novozan) 10 muL, Nanos2-F1 and Nanos2-R1 primers are 1 muL (10 muM) respectively, and the crude DNA template is 2 muL, ddH2O 6µL。
PCR amplification reaction conditions: firstly, the temperature is 95 ℃ for 5 min; annealing at 95 ℃ for 30 s, annealing at 55 ℃ for 30 s, and extending at 72 ℃ for 30 s for 35 cycles; finally, extension is carried out for 5min at 72 ℃.
The amplification products were separated on a 1.0% agarose gel, and bands of the expected size were cut into gel, recovered using an e.z.n.a gel recovery kit (Omega, usa), and dissolved in DEPC water.
The sample is sent to Beijing optisco Biotechnology limited to carry out direct sequencing, the sequencing result shows that the target sequence position has a set peak, which indicates that the target sequence is changed, and PCR is amplified to obtain a plurality of different sequences at the target sequence position, namely, the position has mutation. And is connected to pGEM-T Easy vector by TA cloning method and transformed into Trelife 5 alpha chemical complex Cell (engine, China) Competent Cell, the main transformation steps include: adding the ligation product into competent cells melted on 100 mu L of ice, gently mixing uniformly, standing on ice for 5min, then performing heat shock in a water bath at 42 ℃ for 45-60 s, quickly transferring to ice, standing for 2min, adding 500 mu L of antibiotic-free sterile liquid LB culture medium into a centrifuge tube, performing shake culture at 37 ℃ for 45 min, centrifuging for 2min at 5000 g, discarding 450 mu L of supernatant, adding 4 mu L of IPTG (200 mg/ml) and 40 mu L of X-gal (20 mg/ml), uniformly coating the mixture on a solid culture medium containing Amp antibiotics, performing inverted culture in a 37 ℃ incubator overnight, and randomly picking 30 white spot colonies for sequencing.
As a result, 5 types of mutations were detected in total, i.e., the occurrence of base deletion in various degrees around the position of the target sequence, and the overall mutation rate was about 25%, with the highest percentage of the types of mutations being 5 base deletions (FIG. 1, Panel B).
(5) Test cross
The detected F0 chimera parent is cultured in a cement pond with the water depth of about 1.5m and is cultured in a circulating water special pond. Feeding commercial feed for marine fishes three times a day until sexual maturity of 1 year. Selecting healthy and disease-free male fish with larger sexual maturity F0 generation, and carrying out 1:1 pairing with the sexual maturity wild female fish. The male and female fish were injected with LHRHA3 (Ningbo second hormone factory) and 1000 units/kg hCG (Ningbo second hormone factory) at a dose of 4 μ g/kg. And after injection, putting the parent fish back into a cement pond with the water temperature of 22-25 ℃ and the salinity of 22-25 per mill, waiting for 32-36 hours, fishing out the female fish for egg extrusion, and extruding sperms of the F0 generation male fish to complete the insemination process to obtain F1 generation yellow fin sea bream offspring.
(6) Mutant individual screening and propagation passages
Normally breeding F1 generation filial generations to 3 months of age, cutting F1 generation yellow fin sea bream tail fin 2g, extracting DNA by using an ammonia acetate method, carrying out mutation site detection on F1 generation individuals, and screening to obtain 5 base-deleted heterozygote yellow fin sea bream individuals (nanos 2) in the same way as the step (4)+/-) Further breeding to 2-year sexual maturity. In the breeding season, part of individuals normally develop into functional male fish, a few individuals naturally reverse to functional female fish, and 20 pairs of healthy and disease-free individuals with relatively large sexual maturity are selected as breeding parents and female parents for mating and breeding. The male and female parent fish were injected with LHRHA3 (Ningbo second hormone factory) and 1000 units/kg HCG (Ningbo second hormone factory) at a dose of 4 μ g/kg. And (3) after injection, putting the male and female parent fishes back into a cement pond with the water temperature of 22-25 ℃ and the salinity of 22-25 per mill, performing natural oviposition insemination, waiting for 32-36 hours, collecting fertilized eggs of the yellow fin sea bream on the upper layer of the water surface, and incubating and cultivating to obtain F2 generation yellow fin sea bream offspring in the same way as the step (3).
(7) Production of 1-year-old female yellow-fin sea bream and analysis of F2 generation homozygous gonad development
Raising filial generations of F2 generation to 3 months of age, shearing tail fin, extracting DNA, performing mutation locus genotype identification, and detecting in the same manner as step (4) to obtain homozygous F2 generation filial generations (nanos 2) with 5 base deletions-/-) The homozygous F2 generation progeny (nos 2)-/-) After sexual maturity of 1 year (1 year), the gonads of the male sex gland are fully developed into ovaries through section examination (figure 2).
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, which are intended to illustrate the use of the invention in detail, and functionally equivalent production methods and technical details are part of the disclosure. In fact, a person skilled in the art, on the basis of the preceding description, will be able to find different modifications according to his own needs, which modifications are intended to be within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
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Claims (7)
1. A method for producing 1-year-old female yellow fin sea bream by using gene editing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(S1) obtaining of male fish of F0 generation chimeras: by using a CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing method and adopting a microinjection mode, introducing a mRNA mixture of gRNA of a nos2 target gene and Cas9 protein into an animal pole of a fertilized egg at the cell stage of the yellow-fin sparus 1, and hatching to obtain a target gene mutated F0 generation chimera yellow-fin sparus andreminus;
(S2) test crossing and screening of individuals with gene mutation: mating the F0 generation chimera red snapper male fish obtained in the step (S1) with a wild type female fish, and screening F1 generation heterozygote individuals having the sense mutation of nos2 (nos 2) from the offspring+/-）；
(S3) production and identification of 1-year-old female yellow-fin sea bream: individuals heterozygous for the F1 generation (nos 2)+/-) Culturing to sexual maturity, wherein a part of individuals normally develop heterozygote male fish (nos 2)+/-) Some individuals naturally reverse to heterozygote female fish of the F1 generation (nos 2)+/-) Selecting heterozygote female fish of the F1 generation (nos 2)+/-) And male heterozygotes of the F1 generation (nos 2)+/-) Mating, screening to obtain F2 generation homozygous mutant individuals (nos 2)-/-) The individual homozygous mutant of the F2 generation (nos 2)-/-) At age 1, sexual maturity occurs, with a reversal of sex into a functional female fish.
2. The method for producing a 1-year-old female yellow fin sea bream by gene editing according to claim 1, wherein: the primers for synthesizing the gRNA of the NOs2 target gene in the step (S1) comprise a forward primer NOs2-gRNA-F and a reverse primer gRNA-R, wherein the sequence of the forward primer NOs2-gRNA-F is shown as SEQ ID NO: 1, and the sequence of the reverse primer gRNA-R is shown as SEQ ID NO: 2, respectively.
3. The method for producing a 1-year-old female yellow fin sea bream by gene editing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (S1), the final concentrations of the gRNA of the nanos2 target gene and the Cas9 protein are respectively 30-40 ng/muL and 150-200 ng/muL, and the injection amount of the mRNA mixture of the gRNA of the nanos2 target gene and the Cas9 protein in each fertilized egg is 1-2 nL.
4. The method for producing 1-year-old female yellow-fin Sparus latus by gene editing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (S1), a mRNA mixture of gRNA of the nos2 target gene and Cas9 protein is introduced into the animal pole of the fertilized egg at the cell stage of yellow-fin sparus 1 by microinjection, and the injection is completed within 40 minutes after fertilization.
5. The method for producing a 1-year-old female yellow fin sea bream by gene editing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (S2), the F0 generation chimera yellow-fin sea bream male fish and the wild type female fish were mixed according to the ratio of 1: 1-2, and mating.
6. The method for producing a 1-year-old female yellow fin sea bream by gene editing according to claim 1, wherein: individuals heterozygous for the F1 generation with the sense mutation of the nos2 (nos 2) described in step (S2)+/-) Is an F1 generation heterozygote individual with the mutation type with the highest mutation ratio being 5 base deletion (nos 2)+/-）。
7. The method for producing a 1-year-old female yellow fin sea bream by gene editing according to claim 1, wherein: for detecting individuals heterozygous for the F1 generation (nos 2) having a sense mutation of nos2 in step (S2)+/-) The PCR primer of (1), which comprises a forward primer NOs2-F1 and a reverse primer NOs2-R1, wherein the sequence of the forward primer NOs2-F1 is shown as SEQ ID NO: 3, the sequence of the reverse primer nos2-R1 is shown as SEQ ID NO: 4, respectively.
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