CN114680065B - Method for improving fullness of oyster fertilizer with low carbon - Google Patents
Method for improving fullness of oyster fertilizer with low carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN114680065B CN114680065B CN202210423455.9A CN202210423455A CN114680065B CN 114680065 B CN114680065 B CN 114680065B CN 202210423455 A CN202210423455 A CN 202210423455A CN 114680065 B CN114680065 B CN 114680065B
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- oyster
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a production technology of high-end oysters, in particular to a method for improving the fullness of oysters with low carbon. Taking a fully healthy shellfish of a shell before marketing as a test sample, placing at least one culture cage for accommodating the test sample in a sea area with a tidal range of more than 250cm, and culturing for 30-120 days, so that the fertility of the test sample is improved; wherein, the difference of tide is that the difference between the average high tide line A and the average low tide line B is more than 250cm. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of environmental protection, low carbon, short period and high efficiency. In a word, the method can rapidly and low-carbon promote the fertility of the oyster, remarkably promote the quality of the oyster and the economic benefit of industry, and break the current situation of monopoly of international high-end oyster products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production technology of high-end oysters, in particular to a method for improving the fullness of oysters with low carbon.
Background
Oyster is an important sea water cultured shellfish in the world, and raw food is a main high-end commodity form. The fullness of the oyster in the market is directly influenced by the taste of the oyster, and is also an important index for differentiating the level of the oyster raw food market. The oyster raw food market at home and abroad generally adopts the percentage of soft weight and individual weight as an important index of oyster fullness. At present, most oysters are cultivated in open sea areas, the main food is natural baits in sea areas, the cultivation density and strength of the oysters are increased due to limited oyster cultivation space in recent years, the baits are insufficient, the phenomenon that the oysters are large and the fullness degree of the oysters is low is increasingly focused by the industry, and the oysters gradually become the elbows for healthy development of oyster cultivation industry.
At present, oysters are cultivated in open sea areas, and complete compound feed suitable for adult oysters is not available, and the problems of low ingestion efficiency, high cost, sea pollution, high carbon emission and the like can be caused if the feed can be fed manually. The current industry basically depends on prolonging the production period or transferring to a sea area with rich baits, but under the background of limited oyster cultivation space and deficient natural baits, the implementation effect is very limited and has stronger uncertainty, and in addition, the cost and the risk are higher. The traditional intertidal zone breeding mode improves the resistance of the adult shellfish through long-term oyster seedlings of the intertidal zone in the juvenile period, but the characteristics such as the fullness degree and the like are obviously lower than those of the sub-tidal zone. According to the method for improving the oyster fertility level rapidly and with low carbon, the influence of different development periods, seasons and oyster seedling periods on the fertility levels of different tidal zones of the oyster are systematically researched, and on the basis that natural bait supply is not required to be increased, the quality of the oyster in the marketing period can be obviously improved in a short time.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the fullness of oyster industry in China is difficult to reach the market standard at present, the invention systematically researches the influence rules and parameters of different development periods, seasons and oyster seedling periods of oysters on the fullness of different tide levels in the intertidal zone, and provides a method for improving the fullness of oysters with low carbon by simulating the fullness characteristics of oysters in the tide levels in the specific intertidal zone.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for improving the fullness of oyster with low carbon, regard shell complete and healthy adult shellfish before waiting to come into the market as the sample, place at least one culture cage to hold sample of test in sea area that the tidal range is greater than 250cm, breed for 30-120 days, and then make the sample of test to be full and improved; wherein, the difference of tide is that the difference between the average high tide line A and the average low tide line B is more than 250cm.
Meanwhile, after 30-120 days, the fertilizer fullness can be improved by 9.5-35.5% compared with the under-tide zone cultivation mode by adopting the mode.
According to tidal parameters of sea areas with tidal ranges greater than 250cm, at least one culture cage is placed on an oyster platform arranged between the highest point position B+ (A-B) x 30% and the lowest point position B.
The oyster platform is horizontally arranged every 30-100cm between the highest point and the low point of the at least one culture cage, and the total number of the oyster platform is less than or equal to (A-B) multiplied by 0.01.
The breeding cage is horizontally arranged on the oyster platform, and the horizontal plane of the breeding cage is perpendicular to the tide line; the oyster platform is arranged on a horizontal plane perpendicular to the tide line.
The sea area with the tidal range greater than 250cm is a low-tide area of an intertidal zone or an area with the water depth less than 5m when the intertidal zone is low-tide, and no ice signal exists in winter.
The oysters are placed in a culture cage, and the culture cage is horizontally placed on an oyster platform; wherein, oyster is placed into the culture cages according to the density of 30-50 oyster/layer, and the horizontal distance between two adjacent culture cages is 10-50cm.
The selection standard of the oyster used as the sample is that the shell is complete, the shell is higher than 5cm or the individual weight is higher than 50g, and the gonad is in the non-reproductive stage.
The invention has the beneficial effects that
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects: the current industry basically depends on prolonging the production period or transferring to a sea area with rich baits, but under the background of limited oyster cultivation space and deficient natural baits, the implementation effect is very limited and has stronger uncertainty, and in addition, the cost and the risk are higher, and the method has the remarkable advantages of reducing the carbon source investment of baits and the like, along with rapidness, stability, wide application range, low cost and good effect. Compared with the manual bait adding mode, the method has the advantages of environmental protection, low carbon, good taste quality and ocean pollution reduction. In a word, the method can achieve the effect of rapidly and lowly improving the fullness of the oyster, remarkably improves the quality of oyster products, and breaks through the monopoly status of international high-end oyster products.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Further, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
According to the method, by utilizing the influence rules and parameters of different development periods, seasons and oyster seedling periods of the oysters on the fullness of different tide levels of the intertidal zone, the method for improving the fullness of the oysters with low carbon is provided by simulating the fullness characteristics of the oysters at the tide levels of the specific intertidal zone, so that the problem that the fullness of oyster industry in China is difficult to reach the standard on the market is solved; the method and the synchronous sea area under tide are cultivated for 30-120 days, and the method can improve the fatness of oyster by 9.5-35.5%.
The selection standard of the oyster used as the sample is that the shell is complete, the shell is higher than 5cm or the individual weight is higher than 50g, and the gonad is in the non-reproductive stage.
Example 1:
oyster which needs to be promoted in the degree of fertility is selected from Qingdao, namely the black sea area in 11 months in 2018, the shell of the selected oyster is complete, the shell is 6-8cm high, the weight of the selected oyster is 50-100g, and the gonad of the soft part does not develop.
Selecting a yellow island sea area of Qingdao city as a cultivation sea area, wherein the content of diatom in annual average monad in the sea area is 100cells/mL, the water quality reaches the NY5052-2001 nuisanceless food sea water cultivation water standard, the height difference between an average high tide line A (i.e. 380 cm) and an average low tide line B (i.e. 100 cm) is 280cm, and the annual average water flow speed is 0.1-0.3m/s.
Constructing an oyster platform with improved fullness by adopting stainless steel materials in a sub-tidal zone of the culture sea area, wherein the length of the platform is 4m, the width of the platform is 1m, the platform is supported by the stainless steel materials fixed to the sea floor, and two oyster platforms are distributed at the position of B+ (A-B) multiplied by 30% and the position of an average low tide line B to serve as experimental groups;
meanwhile, 3 oyster platforms of a control group are specifically arranged at other tide levels of 1 sub-tide zone and 2 inter-tide zones as the control group, wherein the sub-tide zone-50 cm position is 300cm of the control group 1, B+ (A-B) multiplied by 70%, and 380cm of the inter-tide zone tide level of B+ (A-B) multiplied by 100% are respectively the control group 2 and the control group 3.
Selecting oyster cultivation cages with the layer height of 8-15cm, the aperture of 3-4cm and the interval of 8-12 layers, and placing the oyster meeting the requirements into the cultivation cages according to the density of 30 oysters/layer. And 3 culture cages are respectively placed on different culture platforms of the experimental group and the control group, the oyster culture cages are placed in a horizontally-placed mode, and the horizontal spacing between adjacent culture cages is 0.1m. Each group of oysters was analyzed for fullness in month 1 of 2019, wherein the experimental group oyster fullness was 22.37% -22.70%, the control group 1 (sub-tidal zone) oyster fullness was 16.71%, the control group 2 (inter-tidal zone b+ (a-B) ×70% tide level) fullness was 19.98%, and the control group 3 (inter-tidal zone b+ (a-B) ×100% tide level) fullness was 15.36%. By improving the fullness of the experimental group, the fullness of the oyster is improved by 33.87% -35.84% compared with the control group 1 (the sub-tide zone), 11.96% -13.61% compared with the control group 2 (the inter-tide zone B+ (A-B) multiplied by 70% of the tide level), and 45.63% -47.79% compared with the control group 3 (the inter-tide zone B+ (A-B) multiplied by 100% of the tide level).
Example 2:
and 2021, selecting oysters which need to be promoted in the sea area of Qingdao Jiaonang, wherein the selected oysters are complete in shell, 5-8cm in shell height, 30-100g in individual weight and undeveloped in gonad of soft body.
The sea area of the yellow island of Qingdao city is selected as a cultivation sea area with improved fertility, the water quality of the sea area reaches the NY5052-2001 pollution-free food mariculture water standard, the height difference between the average high tide line A (i.e. 380 cm) and the average low tide line B (i.e. 100 cm) is 280cm, and the annual average water flow speed is 0.1-0.3m/s.
A oyster platform with the full-scale lifting is constructed by adopting stainless steel materials in a region with the water depth of 2 meters under the tide of the culture sea area, the length of the platform is 4m, the width of the platform is 1.5m, and the platform is supported by the stainless steel materials fixed to the sea bottom.
Distributed at the position of B+ (A-B). Times.30%, 2 oyster platforms were set at the position of the average low tide line B as experimental groups, and one of the positions of-30 cm below the tide zone was set as control groups.
Placing the oyster meeting the requirements into a culture cage according to the density of 40 oysters/layer. The oyster cultivation cages adopt a flat-laying mode to place an experiment group platform and a control group platform, 3 cultivation cages are placed on each platform, and the horizontal distance between every two adjacent cultivation cages is 0.3m. The fullness of each group of oysters was analyzed at 1 month 2022, the fullness of oysters cultivated under the tide of the control group was 16.56%, and the fullness of oysters of the experimental group was 18.16% -20.55%. Through the improvement of the experimental group fertilizer fullness, the oyster fertilizer fullness is improved by 9.66% -24.09% compared with the under-tide zone.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, and the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications of the present invention by using the design shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for improving the fullness of oyster fertilizer with low carbon is characterized by comprising the following steps: taking a fully healthy shellfish of a shell before marketing as a test sample, placing at least one culture cage for accommodating the test sample in a sea area with a tidal range of more than 250cm, and culturing for 30-120 days, so that the fertility of the test sample is improved; wherein, the difference of tide is that the difference between the average high tide line A and the average low tide line B is more than 250cm;
placing at least one culture cage on an oyster platform between the highest point position B+ (A-B) multiplied by 30% and the lowest point position B according to tidal parameters of a sea area with a tidal range of more than 250cm;
an oyster platform is horizontally arranged every 30-100cm between the highest point and the low point of at least one culture cage, and the total number of the oyster platform is less than or equal to (A-B) multiplied by 0.01;
the sea area with the tidal range greater than 250cm is a low-tide area of an intertidal zone or an area with the water depth less than 5m when the intertidal zone is low-tide, and no ice signal exists in winter;
the breeding cage is horizontally arranged on the oyster platform, and the horizontal plane of the breeding cage is perpendicular to the tide line; the oysters are placed in a culture cage, and the culture cage is horizontally placed on an oyster platform; wherein, oyster is placed into the culture cages according to the density of 30-50 oyster/layer, and the horizontal distance between two adjacent culture cages is 10-50cm.
2. The method for improving the fertility of oysters with low carbon according to claim 1, wherein the selection criteria of the oysters to be tested is that the shells are complete, the shells are higher than 5cm or the individual weights are higher than 50g, and the gonads are in a non-reproductive stage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210423455.9A CN114680065B (en) | 2022-04-21 | 2022-04-21 | Method for improving fullness of oyster fertilizer with low carbon |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210423455.9A CN114680065B (en) | 2022-04-21 | 2022-04-21 | Method for improving fullness of oyster fertilizer with low carbon |
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| CN114680065A CN114680065A (en) | 2022-07-01 |
| CN114680065B true CN114680065B (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101419167B1 (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2014-07-15 | 박송범 | Apparatus for culturing oyster |
| CN112154948B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-03-08 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Method for ecologically increasing glycogen content of oyster soft body part |
| CN112042576B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-01-18 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Method for improving shell quality of oyster |
| CN113207766A (en) * | 2021-05-29 | 2021-08-06 | 中国海洋大学 | Fattening method and device for breeding crassostrea gigas in north |
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