CN114678672A - Low-reflection adapter - Google Patents
Low-reflection adapter Download PDFInfo
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- CN114678672A CN114678672A CN202210341546.8A CN202210341546A CN114678672A CN 114678672 A CN114678672 A CN 114678672A CN 202210341546 A CN202210341546 A CN 202210341546A CN 114678672 A CN114678672 A CN 114678672A
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
- H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-reflection adapter which comprises an input transmission line and a section of output transmission line. A plurality of metal units and at least one elevated metal block are disposed in the output transmission line. The height of the raised metal block is larger than that of the metal unit on one side close to the input transmission line. By adopting the asymmetric metal units with abrupt width and height and the whole metal waveguide tube, the invention can realize a lower port reflection coefficient than the prior art on the premise of ensuring broadband even ultra-wideband. The invention can be applied to the fields of microwave communication, microwave energy and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of adapters, in particular to a low-reflection adapter.
Background
In the microwave technology, switching between the same modes in the same type of transmission lines with different sizes, switching between different modes in the same transmission line, and switching between different modes in different transmission lines are the subject of classical research. A coaxial-waveguide adapter, a coaxial-ridge waveguide adapter, a microstrip-waveguide adapter, a waveguide-ridge waveguide adapter are typical examples.
In these adapters, achieving as low a port reflection factor as possible, as low an insertion loss as possible, as wide a bandwidth as possible, and as high a power capacity as possible are important factors to be considered in design.
For example, the most common coaxial-rectangular waveguide adapter utilizes a coaxial transmission line located in the center of the broad side, utilizes a plurality of metal ridges located on the center line of the bottom surface of the rectangular waveguide, makes the heights of all the metal ridges monotonically decrease along the rectangular waveguide, connects the signal conductor of the coaxial transmission line with the first metal ridge, and simultaneously makes the whole structure symmetrical with respect to the axis of the rectangular waveguide, thereby realizing a full-bandwidth coaxial waveguide adapter with higher power capacity, and obtaining a reflection coefficient as low as-20 dB at the full bandwidth of the standard waveguide. However, it is difficult to further reduce the reflection coefficient of the adapter.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a low reflection adapter to solve the above problems.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following scheme:
a low-reflection adapter comprises an input transmission line and a section of output transmission line with a wide edge in the X direction, a high edge in the Y direction and an axis in the Z direction. The input transmission line is a two-conductor or multi-conductor transmission line and comprises at least one signal conductor and at least one grounding conductor. The output end is arranged at the top end of the output transmission line along the Z direction. N metal units connected with the inner wall of the output transmission line at the bottom along the-Y direction are arranged in the output transmission line, and N is more than or equal to 2. Any one of the metal units is labeled as the nth metal unit, N increases in the Z direction, where N may be 1, or 2, …, or N. All the metal units are communicated in sequence along the Z direction. The heights of all the metal units along the Z direction along the Y direction are monotonically decreased in sequence. At least one signal conductor of the input transmission line is inserted into the output transmission line and is connected with one of the metal units. The X, Y and Z directions form a rectangular coordinate system. It is characterized in that at least one lifting metal block is also arranged.
The number of the raised metal blocks may be 1. The bottom of the lifting metal block is connected with the inner wall of the bottom of the output transmission line. The raised metal block is connected with the mth metal unit in the-Z direction. The height of the raised metal block is greater than that of the mth metal unit. Here m may be 1, or 2 …, or N.
The number of raised metal blocks may also be greater than 1. The bottom of the lifting metal block is connected with the inner wall of the bottom of the output transmission line. Any one of the raised metal blocks is connected to the mth metal unit in the-Z direction. The height of the raised metal block is greater than that of the mth metal unit. Where m may be 2, …, or N.
The axis of the input transmission line may be in the Z-direction, and the low reflection commutator is a direct feed commutator.
The axis of the input transmission line can also be along the Y direction, and the low-reflection adapter is an offset feed adapter.
In order to further reduce the reflection coefficient of the low-reflection adapter in the working bandwidth, the projection of the connecting line between the centroids of at least two adjacent metal units or the adjacent metal units and the raised metal block in an XZ plane perpendicular to the Y direction and the Z direction form an included angle larger than 5 degrees.
In order to further reduce the reflection coefficient of the low reflection adapter within the operating bandwidth, the widths of at least two of the metal units in the X-direction are different.
In a preferred design, the input transmission line is a coaxial line. The input transmission line can also be a microstrip line, or a strip line, or a coplanar waveguide.
In order to reduce the manufacturing cost, the output transmission line is a complete metal pipe. In this case, all the metal units and the raised metal blocks can be machined as a whole from a single piece of metal by means of milling or the like into one metal assembly. The metal component can be fixed at the bottom of the output transmission line by adopting a screw or welding mode. The term "complete metal tube" as used herein means that the cross-sectional shape of the metal tube does not change along the axis, and is machined as a whole, rather than being machined into several sections and then joined together.
If the input transmission line is a coaxial line, the output transmission line may be a rectangular waveguide and the low reflection adapter is a coaxial-rectangular waveguide adapter. The output transmission line may also be a circular waveguide and the low reflection adapter is a coaxial-circular waveguide adapter.
Of course, the output transmission line may also be other transmission lines, such as a square waveguide, a ridge waveguide, a double ridge waveguide, etc.
The design principle of the invention is as follows: the traditional coaxial-rectangular waveguide adapter or the coaxial-ridge waveguide adapter adopts a plurality of sections of matching transmission lines which are sequentially communicated to realize matching adapter from the coaxial transmission line to the waveguide or from the coaxial transmission line to the ridge waveguide. Each stage of matched transmission line is composed of a section of rectangular waveguide and a metal unit positioned at the bottom of the rectangular waveguide. In order to realize good matching in a certain bandwidth, the cross-sectional dimensions of the waveguides of the adjacent matching transmission lines are the same, and the heights of the metal units are monotonically decreased from one end of the coaxial transmission line to the other end of the adapter, the widths of the metal units are the same, and the metal units are arranged on a symmetry axis. Thus, the phase of the reflection coefficient caused by the discontinuity between any adjacent matched transmission lines is the same, either 0 degrees or 180 degrees, as viewed from one end of the coaxial transmission line. The reflection coefficients of which differ only in magnitude. The phase of the reflection coefficient is the same between different matching transmission lines, which is a core cause of difficulty in further reduction of the reflection coefficient. To achieve lower reflection coefficients, such as at full bandwidth or at 41% relative bandwidth, the present invention uses one or more anti-phase matched reflective transmission lines as matched transmission lines. The anti-phase matched transmission lines can achieve phase inversion of the reflection coefficients caused by discontinuity between adjacent matched transmission lines, i.e., 180 degrees out of phase. The anti-phase matched transmission line may include a raised metal block between adjacent height decreasing metal elements. The anti-phase-matching transmission line may also comprise a metallic element laterally offset in the broadside direction. The anti-phase-matching transmission line may further include a metal element having an abrupt width change.
The centroid is defined here as: the shape is uniformly filled with the center of gravity of a substance.
Width: the dimension of any structure in the X direction.
Height: the dimension of any structure in the Y direction.
Metal units dislocated in the broadside direction: the metal units are arranged in a non-mirror symmetrical configuration with respect to the YZ plane.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a low reflection adapter. By adopting the asymmetric metal units, the metal units with different widths and the lifting metal blocks with sudden height change to form the anti-phase matching transmission line, the port reflection coefficient lower than that of the prior art can be realized on the premise of ensuring a broadband and even an ultra-wideband.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a conventional technique
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view along AA direction in the prior art
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the present invention and practical example 1
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction AA in FIG. 3
FIG. 5 is a plan view of embodiment example 2
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction AA in FIG. 5
Fig. 7 is a model of example 3.
Fig. 8 shows the reflection coefficient of example 3.
Fig. 9 is a model of the implementation of example 4.
Fig. 10 shows the reflection coefficient of example 4.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote:
1-input transmission line, 2-output end, 3-output transmission line, 4-metal unit and 5-lifting metal block.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2. This is a common prior art coaxial rectangular waveguide adapter. The adapter comprises an input transmission line 1 and an output transmission line 3 with a wide edge in the X direction, a high edge in the Y direction and an axis in the Z direction. The input transmission line 1 is a two-conductor transmission line, and includes a signal conductor and a ground conductor. The output end 2 is arranged at the top end of the output transmission line 3 along the Z direction. In the output transmission line 3, 4 metal units 4 connected to the inner wall of the output transmission line 3 at the bottom in the-Y direction are provided. Any one of the metal units 4 is labeled as the nth metal unit 4, n increases in the Z direction, where n may be 1, or 2, or 3, or 4. All the metal units 4 are communicated in sequence along the Z direction. The heights of all the metal units 4 along the Z direction are monotonically decreased in sequence. One signal conductor of the input transmission line 1 is inserted inside the output transmission line 3 and connected to the first metal element 4 therein.
The metal units 4 are all equal in width.
The metal units 4 are all distributed in mirror symmetry by taking a YZ plane as a symmetry plane.
The input transmission line 1 is a coaxial line. The output transmission line 3 is a rectangular waveguide.
Examples 1
As shown in fig. 3 and 4.
A low-reflection adapter comprises an input transmission line 1 and an output transmission line 3 with a wide edge in the X direction, a narrow edge in the Y direction and an axis in the Z direction. The input transmission line 1 is a two-conductor transmission line, and includes a signal conductor and a ground conductor. The output end 2 is arranged at the top end of the output transmission line 3 along the Z direction. In the output transmission line 3, 3 metal units 4 connected to the inner wall of the output transmission line 3 at the bottom in the-Y direction are provided. Any one of the metal units 4 is marked as the nth metal unit 4, n increases in the Z direction, where n may be 1, 2, or 3. All the metal units 4 are communicated in sequence along the Z direction. The heights of all the metal units 4 in the Z direction are monotonically decreased in sequence. One signal conductor of the input transmission line 1 is inserted inside the output transmission line 3 and connected to the 1 st metal element 4 therein. Meanwhile, a lifting metal block 5 is also arranged.
The number of the raised metal blocks 5 is 1. The bottom of the lifting metal block 5 is connected with the inner wall of the bottom of the output transmission line 3. The raised metal blocks 5 are connected to the 3 rd metal unit 4 in the-Z direction. The height of the raised metal block 5 is greater than the height of the 3 rd metal unit 4.
The axis of the input transmission line 1 is along the Y direction, and the low-reflection adapter is an offset feed adapter.
And the projection of the connecting line between the centroids of two adjacent 2 nd and 3 rd metal units 4 in an XZ plane vertical to the Y direction forms an included angle larger than 5 degrees with the Z direction.
The 2 nd and 3 rd metal units 4 differ in width in the X direction.
The width of the 2 nd metal unit 4 in the X direction is greater than or less than the width of the 3 rd metal unit 4 in the X direction.
The input transmission line 1 is a coaxial line.
The output transmission line 3 is a complete metal pipe. All the metal units 4 and the raised metal blocks 5 as a whole are milled from one piece of metal into one metal assembly. The metal component is fixed at the bottom of the output transmission line 3 by adopting a screw or welding mode.
The output transmission line 3 is a rectangular waveguide, and the low reflection adapter is a coaxial-rectangular waveguide adapter.
EXAMPLES example 2
As shown in fig. 5 and 6.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference is only that the axis of the input transmission line 1 is along the Z direction, and the low-reflection adapter is a direct-feed adapter.
EXAMPLE 3
As shown in fig. 7.
The embodiment is a specific implementation of embodiment 1, and is an offset feed adaptor. Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional model thereof. Fig. 8 is a graph of the calculated reflection coefficient of the input end of the input transmission line 1 with frequency. As can be seen from FIG. 8, within the full operating bandwidth range of the BJ26 standard waveguide of 2.17-3.3 GHz, the reflection coefficient is lower than-27 dB, and the corresponding standing wave ratio is lower than 1.1. The reflection coefficient of the present invention is reduced by more than four times compared to the reflection coefficient of a conventional adapter, which is-20 dB. A lower reflection coefficient means less insertion loss and less interference with adjacent devices. The superiority of the adapter of the present invention over conventional techniques is apparent.
EXAMPLE 4
As shown in fig. 9.
The embodiment is a specific implementation of embodiment 2, and is a direct-feed adapter. Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional model thereof. Fig. 10 is a graph of the calculated reflection coefficient of the input end of the input transmission line 1 with frequency. As can be seen from FIG. 10, within the full operating bandwidth range of the BJ26 standard waveguide of 2.17-3.3 GHz, the reflection coefficient is lower than-29 dB, and the corresponding standing wave ratio is lower than 1.1. Compared with the reflection coefficient of a common adapter, which is-20 dB, the reflection coefficient of the invention is reduced by more than eight times.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. The main innovation points of the invention are as follows: the low-reflection adapter with low cost is realized by adopting metal units with non-symmetrical and non-monotonous width and height changes and adopting a whole metal pipe. In the actual machining process, in order to machine the adapter by milling, a part of right angles need to be rounded. According to the technical spirit of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made to the above embodiments within the spirit and principle of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A low-reflection adapter comprises an input transmission line (1) and an output transmission line (3) with a section of axis along the Z direction; the input transmission line (1) is a double-conductor or multi-conductor transmission line and comprises at least one signal conductor and at least one grounding conductor; the output end (2) is arranged at the top end of the output transmission line (3) along the Z direction; n metal units (4) connected with the inner wall of the output transmission line (3) at the bottom along the-Y direction are arranged in the output transmission line (3), and N is more than or equal to 2; any one of the metal units (4) is called as nth metal unit (4), N is increased along the Z direction, and N can be 1, 2, … or N; all the metal units (4) are sequentially communicated along the Z direction; the heights of all the metal units (4) along the Z direction along the Y direction are monotonically reduced in sequence; at least one signal conductor of the input transmission line (1) is inserted into the output transmission line (3) and is connected with one of the metal units (4); the device also comprises an X direction, and the X, Y and the Z direction form a rectangular coordinate system; it is characterized in that at least one lifting metal block (5) is also arranged.
2. A low reflection adapter according to claim 1, wherein the number of said raised metal blocks (5) is 1; the bottom of the lifting metal block (5) is connected with the inner wall of the bottom of the output transmission line (3); the raised metal block (5) is connected with the mth metal unit (4) in the-Z direction; the height of the raised metal block (5) is greater than that of the mth metal unit (4); here m may be 1, or 2 …, or N.
3. A low reflection adapter according to claim 1, wherein the number of said raised metal blocks (5) is more than 1; the bottom of the lifting metal block (5) is connected with the inner wall of the bottom of the output transmission line (3); any one of the raised metal blocks (5) is connected with the mth metal unit (4) in the-Z direction; the height of the raised metal block (5) is greater than that of the mth metal unit (4); where m may be 1, or 2, …, or N.
4. A low reflection adapter according to claim 1, wherein the axis of said input transmission line (1) is along the Z-direction.
5. A low reflection adapter according to claim 1, wherein the axis of said input transmission line (1) is along the Y-direction.
6. A low reflection adapter according to claim 1, wherein the angle between the projection of the line between the centroids of at least two adjacent metal units (4) or one adjacent metal unit (4) and one said elevated metal block (5) in the XZ plane and the Z direction is greater than 5 degrees.
7. A low reflection adapter according to claim 1, wherein widths in the X direction of at least two of said metal units (4) are different.
8. A low reflection adapter according to claim 1, wherein the input transmission line (1) is a coaxial line, or a microstrip line, or a strip line, or a coplanar waveguide.
9. A low reflection adapter according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein said output transmission line (3) is a complete metal tube; the output transmission line (3) is a rectangular waveguide.
10. A low reflection adapter according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein said output transmission line (3) is a complete metal tube; the output transmission line (3) is a circular waveguide, a square waveguide, a single ridge waveguide, a double ridge waveguide or a ridge gap waveguide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210341546.8A CN114678672A (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | Low-reflection adapter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210341546.8A CN114678672A (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | Low-reflection adapter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114678672A true CN114678672A (en) | 2022-06-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210341546.8A Pending CN114678672A (en) | 2022-04-02 | 2022-04-02 | Low-reflection adapter |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114678672A (en) |
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- 2022-04-02 CN CN202210341546.8A patent/CN114678672A/en active Pending
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Effective date of registration: 20230330 Address after: 214000 No.1 Yulong Road, Jinzhangzhu Industrial Park, Zhangzhu Town, Yixing City, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province (Guoshen Science and Technology Innovation Industrial Park) Applicant after: Wuxi Carbon Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.88, Tianchen Road, West Park, hi tech Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000 Applicant before: Chengdu jihengte Technology Co.,Ltd. |