CN114675517B - Holographic display system and method based on optical frequency comb - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/0465—Particular recording light; Beam shape or geometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
- G03H2001/0088—Adaptation of holography to specific applications for video-holography, i.e. integrating hologram acquisition, transmission and display
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/0465—Particular recording light; Beam shape or geometry
- G03H2001/0467—Gated recording using pulsed or low coherence light source, e.g. light in flight, first arriving light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a holographic display system and a holographic display method based on an optical frequency comb. And simultaneously, calculating holograms by using a plurality of hologram calculation methods, outputting light waves through a hologram generating unit, and finally receiving a reconstructed target image at a preset imaging plane through a relay optical system corresponding to the selected hologram calculation method. The invention uses the optical frequency comb to spread the single frequency coherent light source, and the frequency difference exists between each wavelength in the spread frequency band, so that the speckle noise caused by the coherent light source in the reconstructed target image is weakened, and meanwhile, the definition of the reconstructed target image is kept basically consistent with the single wavelength coherent light source due to the limitation of the spread frequency band width.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of holographic display, in particular to a holographic display system and method based on an optical frequency comb.
Background
Holographic display technology is a technology that is capable of reconstructing a complex amplitude light field of a three-dimensional scene and is therefore considered to be the most desirable next-generation stereoscopic display technology. With the continuous development of computer technology and liquid crystal display technology, as long as a three-dimensional scene can be described mathematically, we can get rid of the complex interference recording process in traditional holography, without using the recording dry plate of the high-coherence light source system, and the hologram is calculated digitally in the computer to reconstruct the scene that really exists or is synthesized later.
Since both the propagation model and the interference process involved in computing the hologram in a computer are based on a coherent light source, the strong coherence of the coherent light source can introduce speckle noise in the imaging plane, thereby degrading the imaging quality of the holographic display. If an incoherent light source is used as a light source of the holographic display system, although the problem of speckle noise is not caused, the propagation process of the incoherent light source is not consistent with a calculation model of coherence, so that a reconstructed image received at a target plane is unclear.
An optical frequency comb, namely an optical frequency comb, is a breakthrough in the technical field of laser. The realization method of the optical frequency comb mainly comprises two main types: firstly, an optical frequency comb based on a mode-locked laser; and secondly, an on-chip optical frequency comb is realized based on the technologies of micro-resonant cavities, semiconductor lasers and the like. Both optical frequency combs can convert coherent light with a certain single frequency into a broadband optical frequency comb with a large number of frequencies and equal intervals, namely a spectrum with equal intervals in the frequency domain and a periodic laser pulse string in the time domain. The optical frequency comb has wide application, can be used for high-precision measurement, molecular detection, modern communication, frequency synthesis, measurement and the like, can broaden the spectrum of a high-coherence light source, has good application prospect in the aspects of eliminating coherent noise in holographic imaging and improving imaging quality and has good development potential.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a holographic display system and method based on an optical frequency comb, which widens a coherent light source of a single frequency by the optical frequency comb as a light source of the holographic display system. And simultaneously, calculating holograms by using a plurality of hologram calculation methods, outputting light waves through a hologram generating unit, and finally receiving a reconstructed target image at a preset imaging plane through a relay optical system corresponding to the selected hologram calculation method.
The invention uses the optical frequency comb to spread the single frequency coherent light source, and the frequency difference exists between each wavelength in the spread frequency band, so that the speckle noise caused by the coherent light source in the reconstructed target image is weakened, and meanwhile, the definition of the reconstructed target image is kept basically consistent with the single wavelength coherent light source due to the limitation of the spread frequency band width.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a holographic display system based on an optical frequency comb, which comprises a hologram generating unit, a relay optical system and a receiving screen which are sequentially arranged on a straight line, and also comprises a computer, a coherent light source and the optical frequency comb, wherein,
the coherent light source is used for emitting monochromatic light;
the optical frequency comb is connected with the coherent light source, the coherent light source is stretched and then projected to the relay optical system, and the relay optical system projects monochromatic light transmitted by the optical frequency comb into the hologram generating unit;
the computer is used for calculating a hologram of a result to be reconstructed;
the hologram generating unit is connected with the computer, receives the hologram calculated by the computer, receives monochromatic light projected by the optical relay system, loads the hologram, and sequentially transmits the hologram into the relay optical system.
Further, the coherent light source is one of a laser diode, a single-frequency laser, an optical fiber coupling laser light source, a helium-neon laser, a femtosecond laser and a nanosecond pulse laser.
Further, the hologram generating unit is a phase type linear light modulator or an amplitude type linear light modulator.
Further, the relay optical system is an image scaling system or a filtering system.
Further, when the relay optical system is a filter system, the relay optical system includes two lenses and a diaphragm;
defining one of the lenses as a first lens and its corresponding focal length as f 1 Another lens is defined as a second lens, and the corresponding focal length is f 2 The diaphragm is arranged at the right side f of the first lens 1 At a distance of a second lens arranged on the right f of the diaphragm 2 At a distance.
Further, when the relay optical system is an image scaling system, the relay optical system includes two lenses;
defining one of the lenses as a third lens with a corresponding focal length f 3 Wherein the other lens is defined as a fourth lens, and the corresponding focal length is f 4 A fourth lens is arranged on the right side f of the third lens 3 +f 4 Where it is located.
A holographic display method based on an optical frequency comb, the holographic display method comprising the steps of:
step S1, connecting a coherent light source with single wavelength with an optical frequency comb, and setting the size of a widened frequency band;
s2, calculating a hologram corresponding to a result to be reconstructed by adopting a computer;
step S3, loading the hologram calculated in the step S2 into a hologram generating unit, wherein the light source of the hologram generating unit adopts the output light of the optical frequency comb;
and S4, sequentially arranging a relay optical system and a receiving screen on a propagation light path of the output light of the hologram generating unit, and reconstructing a target result on the receiving screen.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes:
firstly, establishing a propagation model between a hologram generating unit and a target plane, and determining complex amplitude distribution of the target plane, wherein the propagation model is an angular spectrum propagation model;
the complex amplitude distribution of the target plane is specifically expressed as:
|g(φ)| 2 ＝∫q(λ)|g c (φ,u s ,λ)| 2 dλ (1)
wherein,
in the formulas (1) - (3), lambda is the wavelength, k x And k y Is the spatial frequency, u s (x, y, λ) is the light source, x, y are the transverse and longitudinal coordinates of the plane in which the light source lies,is an angular spectrum propagation function, +.>Is the Fourier transform, +.>
Then, from the complex amplitude distribution of the determined target plane, formula (4) is constructed, which is specifically expressed as:
in the formula (4), s is a normalized proportionality coefficient limiting energy, A t Is the target amplitude;
finally, solving the formula (4), wherein the obtained phi is the phase information loaded on the hologram generating unit.
Further, a random gradient descent method is used to solve equation (4).
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention greatly improves the quality of the reconstructed target image, reduces speckle noise and ensures the definition of the image. Compared with the traditional holographic display system, the speckle noise of the holographic display content obtained by the method is greatly reduced, the high definition of the reconstructed holographic display content is ensured, the defect of the traditional coherent light holographic display is overcome to a great extent, the high-quality holographic display is realized, and the visual experience of a user for observing the hologram is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the signal spectrum at the output end of an optical frequency comb provided in example 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a holographic display system based on an optical frequency comb provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a filter system composed of two lenses and one diaphragm provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an image scaling system composed of two lenses provided in embodiment 1;
in the accompanying drawings:
1-computer, 2-hologram generating unit, 3-relay optical system, 301-first lens, 302-diaphragm, 303-second lens, 304-third lens, 305-fourth lens, 4-receiving screen, 5-monochromatic light source, 6-optical frequency comb.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, the embodiment provides a holographic display method based on an optical frequency comb, which includes the following steps:
step 1: connecting a coherent light source with a single wavelength with an optical frequency comb, and setting a proper stretching frequency band;
specifically, in this embodiment, the step 1 specifically includes:
and connecting a stable and single-wavelength coherent light source to the input end of the optical frequency comb, and obtaining a periodic laser pulse train at the output end.
The laser pulse train is represented as a spectral line with equal interval frequency in the frequency domain, and the distribution of the spectral line can be expressed as:
wherein the method comprises the steps of
f n ＝nf rep +f 0 (3)
In the formulas (1) - (3), k is the number of spectral lines, and the parameter f rep And f 0 Known are the repetition frequency and carrier envelope phase shift frequency of the selected optical frequency comb, respectively, wherein the optical frequency comb outputsThe signal frequency is schematically shown in fig. 1.
Step 2: calculating a hologram corresponding to the reconstruction result using a computer;
specifically, in this embodiment, the step 2 body includes:
first a propagation model between the hologram generating unit and the object plane is established, here an angular spectrum propagation model is chosen. It should be noted that the propagation model applicable to this embodiment is not limited to this one.
When the light source selected by the system is the output light of the coherent light source with single wavelength after the light frequency comb stretching, the complex amplitude distribution of the target plane can be obtained as follows:
|g(φ)| 2 ＝∫q(λ)|g c (φ,u s ,λ)| 2 dλ (4)
wherein,
in the formulas (4) - (6), λ is the wavelength, k x And k y Is the spatial frequency, u s (x, y, lambda) is the light source,is an angular spectrum propagation function, +.>Is a fourier transform.
The hologram is then calculated by solving equation (7):
in the formula (7), s is a normalized proportionality coefficient limiting energy, A t Is the target amplitude.
The solution mode of the formula (7) can be a function optimization mode such as random gradient descent, and the specific optimization mode is not limited in the implementation, and the finally obtained phi is the phase information loaded on the hologram generating unit.
Step 3: and (3) loading the hologram obtained in the step (2) onto a hologram generating unit through a computer, wherein the light source adopts the output light of the optical frequency comb.
Step 4: and constructing an imaging optical system, transmitting the imaging optical system to a preset imaging distance through the system, and observing a reconstruction target result on a target plane. The built imaging optical system is shown in fig. 2, and specifically includes:
a computer 1 connected to the hologram generating unit 2 through a data line, to which the calculated hologram is loaded;
a hologram generating unit 2 for loading a hologram;
the relay optical system 3 is configured to transmit light emitted from the hologram generating unit 2.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the relay optical system 3 may be a filter system composed of two lenses and a diaphragm, and the structure thereof is specifically shown in fig. 3, and specifically includes:
a first lens 301 with a focal length f 1 ；
A diaphragm 302;
a second lens 303 with a focal length f 2 ；
Wherein the diaphragm 302 is disposed on the right f of the first lens 301 1 At a distance, a second lens 303 is placed to the right f of the diaphragm 302 2 At a distance.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the relay optical system 4 may also be an image scaling system composed of two lenses, and the structure thereof is as shown in fig. 4, and specifically includes:
a third lens 304 with a focal length f 3 ；
Fourth lens 305 with focal length f 4 ；
Wherein the fourth lens 305 is disposed on the right f of the third lens 304 3 +f 4 Where it is located.
A receiving screen 4 placed at a preset target plane position;
a monochromatic light source 5 whose wavelength is the same as a wavelength preset when calculating the hologram;
an optical frequency comb 6, the repetition frequency and the carrier envelope phase shift frequency of which are the same as the spectral line distribution preset in the calculation of the hologram;
the devices 1-4 should be in a straight line when the display system is arranged.
After the display system is arranged, a hologram is loaded on a hologram generating unit 2 through a computer 1, and a hologram encoding result is imaged on a target plane after passing through a relay optical system 3
Specifically, in this embodiment, in order to verify the advancement and correctness of the present invention, two experiments were also performed, specifically:
experiment 1
The hologram was calculated by a computer and loaded by the computer onto a phase type spatial light modulator holoeyPluto manufactured by holoeyCorp, germany, which had a specification of 1920×1080 pixels and a pixel pitch of 8 μm. The monochromatic light source adopts monochromatic green light with the wavelength of 532nm emitted by a monochromatic laser. The optical frequency comb is SmartComb integrated optical frequency comb manufactured by MenloSystems company, and its repetition frequency f rep =100 MHz, the center frequency being identical to the selected monochromatic laser center frequency. The monochromatic light source is modulated by an optical frequency comb and then used as a light source of a holographic system.
After the light emitted by the spatial light modulator passes through the beam splitting prism, the light passes through a filtering system consisting of two lenses and a diaphragm, f 1 ＝f 2 =10 cm, the diaphragm size is 5cm×5cm. The preset imaging distance d=20 cm, so the distance of the center of the lens 1 from the spatial light modulator is set to 10cm, and the distance of the center of the lens 2 from the receiving screen is set to 10cm.
Finally, the target complex amplitude distribution is received on the receiving screen.
Experiment 2
Computer-generated holograms and computer-loaded phase-type void produced by Holoey, germanyOn the inter-light modulator Holoeye position, the specification of this phase type spatial light modulator is 1920×1080 pixels, and the pixel pitch is 8 μm. The monochromatic light source adopts monochromatic green light with the wavelength of 532nm emitted by a monochromatic laser. The optical frequency comb is SmartComb integrated optical frequency comb manufactured by MenloSystems company, and its repetition frequency f rep =100 MHz, the center frequency being identical to the selected monochromatic laser center frequency. The monochromatic light source is modulated by an optical frequency comb and then used as a light source of a holographic system.
After the light rays emitted by the spatial light modulator pass through the beam splitting prism, the light rays pass through an image scaling system consisting of two lenses, and f 3 ＝f 4 The preset imaging distance d=20 cm, so the distance of the center of the lens 3 from the spatial light modulator is set to 10cm, and the distance of the center of the lens 4 from the receiving screen is set to 10cm.
Finally, the target complex amplitude distribution is received on the receiving screen.
In conclusion, the method and the device greatly improve the quality of the reconstructed target image, reduce speckle noise and ensure the definition of the image. Compared with the traditional holographic display system, the speckle noise of the holographic display content obtained by the method is greatly reduced, the high definition of the reconstructed holographic display content is ensured, the defect of the traditional coherent light holographic display is overcome to a great extent, the high-quality holographic display is realized, and the visual experience of a user for observing the hologram is greatly improved.
The present invention is not described in detail in the present application, and is well known to those skilled in the art.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The holographic display system based on the optical frequency comb is characterized by comprising a hologram generating unit, a relay optical system and a receiving screen which are sequentially arranged on a straight line, a computer, a coherent light source and the optical frequency comb, wherein,
the coherent light source is used for emitting monochromatic light;
the optical frequency comb is connected with the coherent light source, the coherent light source is stretched and then projected to the relay optical system, and the relay optical system projects monochromatic light transmitted by the optical frequency comb into the hologram generating unit;
stretching the coherent light source comprises the steps of:
connecting a coherent light source with a single wavelength to an optical frequency comb input end, and obtaining a periodic laser pulse train at an output end;
the laser pulse string is represented as a spectral line with equal interval frequency in the frequency domain, and the distribution is represented as:
wherein the method comprises the steps of
f n ＝nf rep +f 0 (3)
In the formulas (1) - (3), k is the number of spectral lines, and the parameter f rep And f 0 Known are the repetition frequency of the selected optical frequency comb and the carrier envelope phase shift frequency, respectively;
the computer is used for calculating a hologram of a result to be reconstructed;
the hologram generating unit is connected with the computer, receives the hologram obtained by calculation of the computer, receives monochromatic light projected by the optical relay system, loads the hologram and sequentially transmits the hologram into the relay optical system;
reconstructing the hologram by a computer specifically comprises the steps of:
firstly, establishing a propagation model between a hologram generating unit and a target plane, and determining complex amplitude distribution of the target plane, wherein the propagation model is an angular spectrum propagation model;
the complex amplitude distribution of the target plane is specifically expressed as:
|g(φ)| 2 ＝∫q(λ)|g c (φ,u s ,λ)| 2 dλ (4)
wherein,
in the formulas (4) - (6), lambda is the wavelength, k x And k y Is the spatial frequency, u s (x, y, λ) is the light source, x, y are the transverse and longitudinal coordinates of the plane in which the light source lies,is an angular spectrum propagation function, +.>Is the Fourier transform, +.>
Then, from the complex amplitude distribution of the determined target plane, an equation (7) is constructed, which is specifically expressed as:
equation (7)) Wherein s is a normalized proportionality coefficient limiting energy, A t Is the target amplitude;
finally, solving the formula (7), wherein the obtained phi is the phase information loaded on the hologram generating unit.
2. The optical frequency comb-based holographic display system of claim 1, wherein said coherent light source is one of a laser diode, a single frequency laser, a fiber coupled laser light source, a helium neon laser, a femtosecond laser, a nanosecond pulsed laser.
3. The holographic display system of claim 1, in which the hologram generating unit is a phase linear light modulator or an amplitude linear light modulator.
4. The holographic display system of claim 1, in which the relay optics is an image scaling system or a filtering system.
5. The optical comb-based holographic display of claim 4, wherein when said relay optics is a filter system, the relay optics comprises two lenses and a stop;
defining one of the lenses as a first lens and its corresponding focal length as f 1 Another lens is defined as a second lens, and the corresponding focal length is f 2 The diaphragm is arranged at the right side f of the first lens 1 At a distance of a second lens arranged on the right f of the diaphragm 2 At a distance.
6. The optical frequency comb-based holographic display system of claim 4, wherein when said relay optical system is an image scaling system, the relay optical system comprises two lenses;
defining one of the lenses as a third lens, which corresponds toFocal length f 3 Wherein the other lens is defined as a fourth lens, and the corresponding focal length is f 4 A fourth lens is arranged on the right side f of the third lens 3 +f 4 Where it is located.
7. The holographic display method based on the optical frequency comb is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, connecting a coherent light source with single wavelength with an optical frequency comb, and setting the size of a widened frequency band;
s2, calculating a hologram corresponding to a result to be reconstructed by adopting a computer;
the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps:
connecting a coherent light source with a single wavelength to an optical frequency comb input end, and obtaining a periodic laser pulse train at an output end;
the laser pulse string is represented as a spectral line with equal interval frequency in the frequency domain, and the distribution is represented as:
wherein the method comprises the steps of
f n ＝nf rep +f 0 (10)
In the formulas (8) - (10), k is the number of spectral lines, parameter f rep And f 0 Known are the repetition frequency of the selected optical frequency comb and the carrier envelope phase shift frequency, respectively;
step S3, loading the hologram calculated in the step S2 into a hologram generating unit, wherein the light source of the hologram generating unit adopts the output light of the optical frequency comb;
the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a propagation model between a hologram generating unit and a target plane, and determining complex amplitude distribution of the target plane, wherein the propagation model is an angular spectrum propagation model;
the complex amplitude distribution of the target plane is specifically expressed as:
|g(φ)| 2 ＝∫q(λ)|g c (φ,u s ,λ)| 2 dλ (11)
wherein,
in the formulas (11) - (13), lambda is the wavelength, k x And k y Is the spatial frequency, u s (x, y, λ) is the light source, x, y are the transverse and longitudinal coordinates of the plane in which the light source lies,is an angular spectrum propagation function, +.>Is the Fourier transform, +.>
Then, from the complex amplitude distribution of the determined target plane, a formula (14) is constructed, which is specifically expressed as:
in the formula (14), s is a normalized proportionality coefficient limiting energy, A t Is the target amplitude;
finally, solving the equation (14), the resulting φ is the phase information loaded onto the hologram generating unit
And S4, sequentially arranging a relay optical system and a receiving screen on a propagation light path of the output light of the hologram generating unit, and reconstructing a target result on the receiving screen.
8. The optical frequency comb-based holographic display of claim 7, in which equation (14) is solved using a random gradient descent method.
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| JP2015155822A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2015-08-27 | 株式会社東京精密 | Optical signal generation device, distance measurement device, spectroscopic characteristic measurement device, frequency response measurement device, and optical signal generation method |
| CN107482469A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-12-15 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | The adjusting apparatus and method of frequency comb |
| CN113658330A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-16 | 东南大学 | Holographic encoding method based on neural network |
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