CN114675385B - Optical cable - Google Patents
Optical cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN114675385B CN114675385B CN202210270434.8A CN202210270434A CN114675385B CN 114675385 B CN114675385 B CN 114675385B CN 202210270434 A CN202210270434 A CN 202210270434A CN 114675385 B CN114675385 B CN 114675385B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of cables, and particularly discloses an optical cable which comprises an optical fiber ribbon, an insulating layer, a capillary layer, a primary sheath layer and a secondary sheath layer. The optical fiber ribbon is formed by combining a plurality of optical fibers through resin; the insulation layer is provided with a diversion trench penetrating from the outer surface to the inner side, a liquid storage cavity is formed at the axis of the insulation layer, the diversion trench is communicated with the liquid storage cavity, a capillary tube is arranged on the inner wall of the insulation layer, an arc-shaped optical fiber cavity is circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the insulation layer, the optical fiber cavity wraps the liquid storage cavity, conductive wires along the axial direction of the optical cable are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the two ends of the optical fiber cavity, and an optical fiber belt is loosely arranged between the conductive wires; the capillary layer is formed by extending and coating the capillary on the outer surface of the insulating layer through a diversion trench; the primary sheath layer is extruded on the outer surface of the capillary tube layer; the secondary sheath layer is extruded on the outer surface of the primary sheath layer. The optical cable combines a chemical method and static electricity, has better rat and insect repelling effect, and simultaneously ensures that the optical fiber is at a certain temperature, thereby avoiding the attenuation of the transmission performance of the optical fiber caused by low temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of cables, and particularly relates to an optical cable.
Background
In hilly, barren lands and mountain areas, the mice and insect pests are serious, the optical cable is frequently damaged, and the maintenance cost of the optical cable is greatly improved. The traditional anti-rodents or anti-biting optical cable is prepared by doping materials for expelling rodents in a sheath material or increasing the thickness of a steel belt and other physical or chemical methods to improve the anti-biting and anti-biting capability of the optical cable, and the protection effect is not ideal from the aspect of the actual use effect. In order to reduce the damage to the environment, in recent years, an optical cable which utilizes static electricity to prevent the biting of rats and insects is developed, and the optical cable can truly play a role of preventing the biting from the test effect, but the service life and the biting prevention effect of the optical cable are generally required to be ensured to be more than 10 years, and the service life and the effect of the emerging rat and insect prevention or biting prevention optical cable are still to be verified due to lack of enough test data.
In addition, in desert and mountain areas, the day-night temperature difference is large, the optical fiber is made of doped quartz, the performance change with temperature is not obvious, but the materials used for the coating layer on the surface of the optical fiber and the cabling plastic are organic resin and plastic, the linear expansion coefficient of the materials is much larger than that of the quartz, and when the temperature changes by 1 ℃, the length change quantity of the quartz and the plastic coating layer is approximately 1000 times. That is, when the length of the optical fiber is changed by 1mm, the length of the plastic coating is changed lm. When the temperature is lowered, the optical fiber is subjected to compressive force and the coating layer is subjected to tension because the two are kept as long, and microbending is generated on the optical fiber, so that the loss of the optical fiber is increased. As the temperature decreases, the fiber loss increases until the system fails to operate.
In addition, in areas with larger day-night temperature difference, especially when the night temperature reaches below zero, the solution for expelling the rodents by using a chemical method is easy to freeze, so that the rodents prevention effect is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an optical cable, which aims at solving the problems that the existing optical cable is not ideal in rat and insect bite prevention effect, the newly developed optical cable which utilizes static electricity to prevent rat and insect is still required to be verified in time, the optical fiber loss is increased due to large day-night temperature difference when the optical cable is used in the field, the solution which utilizes a chemical method to expel rat and insect is easy to freeze, and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an optical cable comprises an optical fiber ribbon, an insulating layer, a capillary layer, a primary sheath layer and a secondary sheath layer, and is characterized in that,
the optical fiber ribbon is formed by combining a plurality of optical fibers through resin;
the insulation layer is provided with a diversion trench penetrating from the outer surface to the inner side, a liquid storage cavity is formed at the axis of the insulation layer, the diversion trench circulates with the liquid storage cavity, a solution for expelling mice and insects is stored in the liquid storage cavity, a capillary tube is arranged on the inner wall of the insulation layer, an arc-shaped optical fiber cavity is circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the insulation layer, the optical fiber cavity forms a coating on the liquid storage cavity, conductive wires along the axial direction of the optical cable are respectively arranged on the inner sides of two ends of the optical fiber cavity, an optical fiber belt is loosely arranged between the conductive wires, and the outer sides of the two ends of the optical fiber cavity are close to the diversion trench;
the capillary layer is formed by extending capillaries on the inner wall of the liquid storage cavity through diversion trenches and coating the outer surface of the insulating layer and is used for adsorbing the solution for expelling the rats and insects;
the primary sheath layer is extruded on the outer surface of the capillary layer;
and the secondary sheath layer is extruded on the outer surface of the primary sheath layer.
Preferably, a metal sheet layer is circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the optical fiber cavity in the insulating layer, the metal sheet layer integrally covers the optical fiber cavity, and two ends of the metal sheet layer are close to the diversion trenches.
Preferably, the sheet metal layer material is stainless steel, and the thickness is 0.3-0.8mm.
Preferably, protrusions are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the primary sheath layer, concave portions are formed between adjacent protrusions, and metal films are sprayed on the surfaces of the protrusions and the concave portions.
Preferably, the metal film is a Cu film.
Preferably, the inner surface of the secondary sheath layer is uniformly provided with embedded parts corresponding to the protrusions one by one, an embedded groove is formed between every two embedded parts, the embedded parts are inserted into the concave parts, and the protrusions are embedded into the embedded grooves, so that the secondary sheath layer and the primary sheath layer are tightly combined.
Preferably, the protrusions are rectangular.
Preferably, the secondary sheath layer is doped with a conductive agent.
Preferably, the liquid storage cavity is axially provided with a separation part for dividing the liquid storage cavity into a plurality of sections along the optical cable, the solution for expelling mice and insects is stored between every two separation parts, and the outer surface of the corresponding secondary sheath layer is provided with a marking part for conveniently cutting the optical cable.
Preferably, the rodenticide solution contains at least one of n-nonanoic acid vanillamide and iminocyclohexanone.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The chemical and electrostatic rodenticidal modes are combined, so that the rodenticidal effect is better.
(2) The conductive wire is arranged in the optical cable, and the heat generated when the conductive wire is electrified is utilized, so that the solution for expelling the mice and the insects cannot be frozen due to the too low temperature to influence the effect of expelling the mice and the insects; meanwhile, the heat is utilized to volatilize the rodenticide solution at a constant speed, so that the problem of unsatisfactory rodenticide effect caused by large temperature difference change (low temperature) between day and night is avoided.
(3) The metal sheet is used for replacing the steel belt in the original optical cable, so that the mechanical property of the optical cable is ensured, and the weight of the optical cable is reduced; meanwhile, the heating function of the metal sheet is utilized, so that the optical fiber is at a relatively constant temperature, and the problem of increased attenuation of the optical fiber caused by low temperature is avoided.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the primary jacket layer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the secondary sheath layer of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a reservoir of the present invention along the length of an optical cable;
each marked in the figure is:
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples and figures of the specification. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these descriptions. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention referred to in the following description are typically only some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, all other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, based on the embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "thickness," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "circumferential," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise, the meaning of "a number" means one or more.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "abutting," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are all commercially available or available to those skilled in the art unless specifically stated otherwise; the methods used in the examples of the present invention are those known to those skilled in the art unless specifically stated otherwise.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an optical cable has a circular cross section and comprises an optical fiber ribbon 1, an insulating layer 2, a capillary layer 3, a primary sheath layer 4 and a secondary sheath layer 5 from inside to outside.
The optical fiber ribbon is formed by combining a plurality of optical fibers 6 through resin 7, the optical fibers can be bent to a larger extent after being combined through the resin, and in practical application, in order to facilitate distinguishing, the optical fibers are often colored first and then combined, so that the optical fibers can be distinguished during construction, the types of the optical fibers do not need to be limited particularly, and single-mode optical fibers or multimode optical fibers can be used.
The insulation layer is provided with a diversion trench 8 penetrating from the outer surface to the inner side, a liquid storage cavity 9 is arranged at the axis of the insulation layer, the diversion trench is communicated with the liquid storage cavity, the liquid storage cavity stores a solution for expelling the mouse, the solution for expelling the mouse at least contains one of n-nonanoic acid vanilla and iminocyclohexanone, the solution can flow outwards through the diversion trench, in order to enable the solution for expelling the mouse to volatilize outwards more easily, the inner wall of the liquid storage cavity is provided with a capillary tube for adsorbing the solution for expelling the mouse, the capillary tube of the inner wall of the liquid storage cavity outwards extends and wraps the outer surface of the insulation layer through the inner wall of the diversion trench to form a capillary layer, the solution for expelling the mouse in the liquid storage cavity is adsorbed in the capillary tube layer through capillary action, the solution in the capillary tube layer volatilizes to play the role of expelling the mouse, and when the solution in the capillary tube layer is reduced due to volatilization, the solution in the liquid storage cavity can timely supplement the capillary tube layer. In this embodiment, the insulating layer is made of silicone rubber, which has a certain elasticity, and can buffer the optical cable when the optical cable is subjected to external force while playing an insulating role.
The shape of the liquid storage cavity can be any shape, such as a conventional round or trapezoid, in this embodiment, the center of gravity of the liquid storage cavity coincides with the axis of the optical cable, and when the cross section is trapezoid, the solution is accumulated below the trapezoid, so that the center of gravity of the optical cable is lowered.
The outside circumference in stock solution chamber is equipped with convex optic fibre chamber 10, the optic fibre chamber forms the cladding to the stock solution chamber, optic fibre chamber both ends inboard is equipped with respectively along the axial conductor 11 of optical cable, be supplied with electric current in the conductor (mainly apply alternating current in the practical application), loose optical fiber area is equipped with between the conductor, the conductor is loose dress jointly in the optic fibre intracavity with the optical fiber area, the both ends outside in optic fibre chamber is close to the guiding gutter, the main aim at that the optical fiber area is loose dress in the optic fibre chamber, increase friction so that produce more static charges, when the optical cable is swayd by the mouse and insect or because of low temperature shrink, the resin of optic fibre and coating or optical fiber area frequently rubs with the optic fibre chamber, can produce more static.
The primary sheath layer is extruded on the outer surface of the capillary tube, the secondary sheath layer is extruded on the outer surface of the primary sheath layer, the primary sheath layer and the secondary sheath layer are made of conventional sheath materials, and the primary sheath layer and/or the secondary sheath layer can be doped with a conductive agent, in the embodiment PE, the secondary sheath layer is doped with a conductive agent only, and the conductive agent is carbon black.
Above optical cable is at the during operation, and the electric wire circular telegram generates heat, is close to guiding gutter and optical fiber ribbon because of the electric wire, and heat can transmit for guiding gutter, optical fiber ribbon and stock solution chamber for optical fiber ribbon and stock solution chamber are in under certain temperature, and when the solution was adsorbed to the capillary layer, the temperature of capillary layer also can not be too low, makes the optical cable even be applied to when lower environment, and optical fiber loss also can not increase, can exert better rat and insect repellent effect simultaneously.
In addition, the optical fiber ribbon is loosely arranged in the optical fiber cavity, when the optical cable swings in the wind, is bitten by rats and insects or is contracted at low temperature, the optical fiber and the coating layer or the resin of the optical fiber ribbon and the optical fiber cavity are frequently rubbed to generate more static electricity, and the static electricity is outwards released through the secondary sheath layer due to the fact that the conductive agent is doped in the secondary sheath layer, so that the optical cable has the anti-biting effect, the rats and insects are deterred, the chemical rat and insect repelling mode is combined, and the rat and insect repelling effect is better.
Example 2
To further increase the static electricity discharge capability of the optical cable and to maintain the interior of the optical cable at a relatively constant temperature, this embodiment was further modified based on example 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, a circular arc-shaped metal sheet layer 13 is circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the optical fiber cavity in the insulating layer, the metal sheet layer is used for integrally coating the optical fiber cavity, two ends of the metal sheet layer are also close to the diversion trench, the metal sheet layer is made of alloy materials, the thickness of the metal sheet layer is 0.3-0.8mm, stainless steel is selected in the embodiment, and the thickness of the metal sheet layer is 0.5mm.
When alternating current passes through the conductive wire, induced current (vortex) is generated in the metal sheet layer under the action of an induced magnetic field, the vortex effect is more obvious because the stainless steel contains more metal particles, the generated heat is more, the metal sheet layer is coated outside the optical fiber band in the insulating layer, the larger surface area of the metal sheet layer enables the whole insulating layer to be at a higher temperature, the problem of increasing the attenuation of the optical fiber caused by low temperature is avoided, meanwhile, the volatilization of a capillary layer solution is facilitated, a better rat and insect expelling effect is achieved, and in addition, the metal sheet is utilized to replace a steel band in the original optical cable, so that the mechanical property of the optical cable is ensured, and the weight of the optical cable is reduced. The sheet metal layer was chosen to have a thickness of 0.3-0.8mm for the following reasons: the thickness is smaller, the heat generated by the vortex is smaller, the optical fiber ribbon and the supporting optical cable cannot be protected, and a higher temperature environment cannot be provided for the inside of the insulating layer and the capillary layer.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, protrusions 14 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the primary jacket layer, recesses 15 are formed between adjacent protrusions, metal films 12, such as Al, mg, cu or alloys thereof, are sputtered on the surfaces of the protrusions and the recesses, the cross section of the protrusions is triangular, rectangular or circular arc, in this embodiment, the metal films are Cu films, and the cross section of the protrusions is rectangular.
As shown in fig. 3, embedded parts 16 corresponding to the protrusions one by one are uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the secondary sheath layer, embedded grooves 17 are formed between every two embedded parts, the embedded parts are inserted into the concave parts, and the protrusions are embedded into the embedded grooves, so that the secondary sheath layer and the primary sheath layer are tightly combined.
When the optical cable swings in wind, is bitten by rats and insects or contracts at low temperature, the optical fiber and the coating layer or the resin of the optical fiber ribbon frequently rub with the optical fiber cavity to accumulate more static electricity, but the static electricity can be slowly released outwards along with the change of time, and the biting prevention effect is very likely not to be formed outside the secondary sheath layer. When the metal sheet layer is added in the insulating layer, the bulges which are uniformly distributed and sprayed with the metal film are arranged on the outer surface of the primary sheath layer, more induction charges are generated by vortex in the metal sheet layer, the induction charges are accumulated at the bulges sprayed with the metal film and then are intensively released outwards through the secondary sheath layer, the static release strength and the volatilization rate of the rodenticide solution are higher than those of the embodiment 1, and the rodenticide effect is better.
In the embodiment and the embodiment 1, the liquid storage cavity is provided with the partition parts 18 along the axial direction of the optical cable, as shown in fig. 4, the partition parts divide the liquid storage cavity into a plurality of sections, the rodenticidal solution is stored between every two partition parts, and the positions of the outer surfaces of the corresponding secondary sheath layers are provided with the identification parts for conveniently cutting the optical cable.
In addition, in order to make the discharge effect of the secondary sheath layer more obvious, a protrusion can be arranged outside the secondary sheath layer, and the shape of the secondary sheath layer can be triangle, rectangle or circular arc.
Claims (8)
1. An optical cable comprises an optical fiber ribbon, an insulating layer, a capillary layer, a primary sheath layer and a secondary sheath layer, and is characterized in that,
the optical fiber ribbon is formed by combining a plurality of optical fibers through resin;
the insulation layer is provided with a diversion trench penetrating from the outer surface to the inner side, a liquid storage cavity is formed at the axis of the insulation layer, the diversion trench circulates with the liquid storage cavity, a solution for expelling mice and insects is stored in the liquid storage cavity, a capillary tube is arranged on the inner wall of the insulation layer, an arc-shaped optical fiber cavity is circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the insulation layer, the optical fiber cavity forms a coating on the liquid storage cavity, conductive wires along the axial direction of the optical cable are respectively arranged on the inner sides of two ends of the optical fiber cavity, an optical fiber belt is loosely arranged between the conductive wires, and the outer sides of the two ends of the optical fiber cavity are close to the diversion trench;
the capillary layer is formed by extending capillaries on the inner wall of the liquid storage cavity through diversion trenches and coating the outer surface of the insulating layer and is used for adsorbing the solution for expelling the rats and insects;
the primary sheath layer is extruded on the outer surface of the capillary layer;
the secondary sheath layer is extruded on the outer surface of the primary sheath layer;
a metal sheet layer is circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the optical fiber cavity in the insulating layer, the metal sheet layer integrally coats the optical fiber cavity, and two ends of the metal sheet layer are close to the diversion trenches;
protrusions are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the primary sheath layer, concave parts are formed between adjacent protrusions, and metal films are sprayed on the surfaces of the protrusions and the concave parts.
2. The optical cable of claim 1, wherein the sheet metal layer material is stainless steel having a thickness of 0.3-0.8mm.
3. The fiber optic cable of claim 1, wherein the metal film is a Cu film.
4. The optical cable of claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the secondary sheath layer is uniformly provided with embedded parts corresponding to the protrusions one by one, embedded grooves are formed between every two embedded parts, the embedded parts are inserted into the concave parts, and the protrusions are embedded into the embedded grooves, so that the secondary sheath layer and the primary sheath layer are tightly combined.
5. The fiber optic cable of claim 1, wherein the protrusion is rectangular.
6. The fiber optic cable of claim 1, wherein the secondary jacket layer is doped with a conductive agent.
7. The optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the liquid storage cavity is provided with a partition part for dividing the liquid storage cavity into a plurality of sections along the axial direction of the optical cable, the solution for expelling the mice and the insects is stored between every two partition parts, and the outer surface of the corresponding secondary sheath layer is provided with a marking part for facilitating the cutting of the optical cable.
8. The fiber optic cable of claim 1, wherein the rodenticide solution comprises at least one of n-nonanoic acid vanillamide and iminocyclohexanone.
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| CN202210270434.8A CN114675385B (en) | 2022-03-18 | 2022-03-18 | Optical cable |
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| CN114967016B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2023-08-04 | 深圳新澳科电缆有限公司 | Anti-twisting ribbon optical cable |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105719754A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-29 | 安徽中天电缆有限公司 | Rat-proof cooling warning cable |
| CN108828737A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2018-11-16 | 杭州富通通信技术股份有限公司 | A kind of optical cable |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL180507A (en) * | 2007-01-02 | 2011-04-28 | Teldor Wires And Cables Ltd | Highly flexible water-proof, rodent-proof cables particularly useful as optical communication cables |
| CN114283982A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-05 | 中科检测技术服务(重庆)有限公司 | Novel wire rod based on electronic information transmission |
| CN114545576A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-27 | 杭州富通通信技术股份有限公司 | Rat-proof and termite-proof optical cable |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105719754A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-29 | 安徽中天电缆有限公司 | Rat-proof cooling warning cable |
| CN108828737A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2018-11-16 | 杭州富通通信技术股份有限公司 | A kind of optical cable |
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