CN114675268A - Millimeter wave terahertz near-field imaging device and imaging method - Google Patents
Millimeter wave terahertz near-field imaging device and imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114675268A CN114675268A CN202210187087.2A CN202210187087A CN114675268A CN 114675268 A CN114675268 A CN 114675268A CN 202210187087 A CN202210187087 A CN 202210187087A CN 114675268 A CN114675268 A CN 114675268A
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
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- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/9004—SAR image acquisition techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
Abstract
The invention discloses a millimeter wave terahertz near field imaging device and an imaging method, wherein the millimeter wave terahertz near field imaging device comprises the following steps: the radar scanning platform comprises a scanning platform driving module and a scanning platform structure, and is used for receiving the control of the client and carrying out scanning detection actions; the scanning platform driver comprises a single chip microcomputer which is used for receiving the configuration information of the client and realizing the control of the stepping motor driver; the scanning platform structure comprises two sets of stepping motors and linear guide rails and is used for carrying the millimeter wave terahertz radar sensor to move and detecting at each detection point; the client comprises a control client and a data client, the image result generated by the invention is clear, the resolution is high, the imaging speed is high, and the design of the client is simple and clear.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of millimeter wave terahertz detection application, and particularly relates to a millimeter wave terahertz near-field imaging device.
Background
In the field of millimeter wave terahertz near field imaging, the traditional imaging instrument is heavy in size, can only be used in fixed occasions, and cannot meet the requirement of detection of people in the daily life and production process. In the aspect of efficiency, the existing millimeter wave terahertz imaging system is large in data volume and has high requirements on data throughput speed, so that the detection speed is low, the real-time analysis is difficult, and the system cost is additionally increased. In order to solve the problems, the near-field millimeter wave terahertz imaging device is built and miniaturized and commercialized, so that a set of high-precision rapid detection device can be provided for near-field object detection, a set of client program of an adaptation system is developed, and the near-field millimeter wave terahertz imaging device is convenient for users to use. The application range can be further expanded through algorithm adaptation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a millimeter wave terahertz near-field imaging device which is simple in structure, reasonable, rapid, high in efficiency and high in imaging resolution.
The specific technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a millimeter wave terahertz near field imaging device comprises a radar scanning platform and a client; the radar scanning platform is used for detecting and returning data and comprises a single chip microcomputer, a motor controller, a two-dimensional guide rail with a motor, a power supply, a radar sensor and a limit sensor; the power supply is connected with the motor controller to supply power, the single chip microcomputer is connected with the motor controller and the limit sensor to control the motor controller, the single chip microcomputer is connected with the industrial personal computer through a serial port to receive a client instruction, the radar sensor is connected with the industrial personal computer through a serial port to return data, and the motor in the two-dimensional guide rail with the motor is connected with the motor controller to receive driving;
the client runs on an industrial personal computer and is divided into a control client and a data client; the control client is used for configuring the radar scanning platform to achieve detection scene setting and return data analysis, and the data client is used for reproduction and further processing of historical data.
Further, the motor controller comprises two sets of motor drives and is used for generating a 975Hz PWM drive control signal, an X-axis motor control signal, a Y-axis motor control signal and an X-axis motor direction signal and a Y-axis motor direction signal, and simultaneously supplying power to the limit sensor and reading the state of the limit sensor; the motor controller adopts a common cathode connection method for motor driving, and the input voltage of the motor controller is 24V and is used for providing driving and enabling signals for the motor.
Further, the power supply adopts an ACDC mode, the input voltage is 220V, and the output voltage is divided into three paths: 12V, supplying power to the industrial personal computer; 24V, which is used for supplying power to the motor controller; 5V is used for supplying power to the radar sensor.
Furthermore, the limit sensors are in a pair, the working voltage of the limit sensors is 3.3V, the output is logic output, 0 represents no trigger, and 1 represents trigger, and the limit sensors are used for controlling the initialized position of the radar scanning platform and preventing the motor of the scanning platform from being locked in the working process.
Further, the working mode of the radar sensor is a linear frequency modulation continuous wave mode, the radar sensor is a millimeter wave terahertz radar sensor, the working frequency is 77GHz, the bandwidth is 4GHz, a built-in DSP is used for preprocessing time domain signals, the millimeter wave terahertz radar sensor is fixed on a sliding block, is connected with an industrial personal computer through a USB serial port and is used for collecting and returning callback data at each position.
Further, the control client is a UI interface designed based on C # programming language, and the UI is roughly divided into 4 parameter areas, including: a serial port configuration area, a scanning parameter configuration area, an image refreshing related parameter setting area and a progress bar display area; the serial port configuration area can configure different data transmission ports; the scanning parameter configuration area configures parameters of the scanning platform, and the parameters comprise four parameters of an initialization position, a maximum step number, a sampling interval and a target distance; wherein the parameters in the image refreshing parameter setting area are the sampling points of the image refreshing interval; the progress bar display area contains the real-time progress of scanning, and after the scanning is finished, a folder where the scanning time and the source data are located can be popped up.
Further, the data client is a UI interface written based on C #, and the UI is roughly divided into 3 parameter areas including a file selection area, an imaging parameter setting area and an image processing parameter setting area; the file selection area is used for providing a user with a file to be read; the imaging parameter setting area is used for setting imaging parameters of a required file; and the image processing parameter setting area is used for providing the user with the image filtering mode and the threshold value required to be selected.
The invention relates to an imaging method of a millimeter wave terahertz near-field imaging device, which comprises the following steps of:
1) the client configures the radar scanning platform, selects a corresponding serial port of a component, writes parameters after connecting the serial port, runs the radar sensor once, transmits frequency modulation continuous waves to a forward area through a radar antenna, receives echoes, and confirms that the system can start to detect after the stability of data transmission is finished;
2) starting a radar scanning platform, driving a millimeter wave radar sensor to move through a two-dimensional guide rail with a motor, so that the millimeter wave radar sensor detects at each space coordinate position, and simultaneously analyzing, synchronizing and processing coordinate information given by the scanning platform drive and returned data of the radar sensor by a client;
3) in the process of collecting echo data by the client, the size of a radar echo data matrix is counted, and after the quantity set by a user is reached, an imaging algorithm is called and the result of the currently collected data is dynamically refreshed;
4) after the data collection work is finished, the client stores the data, calls the imaging algorithm dynamic link library, and displays the final imaging result, wherein the final imaging result reflects the scattering distribution condition of the detection area.
Preferably, the radar scanning platform part includes scanning platform drive module, scanning platform structure, and in the scanning platform structure, mainly by two sets of step motor and the guide rail of X, Y direction to and fix the slider in the X direction, and two spacing sensors constitute, be connected with scanning platform drive module through 12PIN interfaces, wholly adopt metal construction, intensity is high, and is not fragile. The guide rail is fixed on the optical bread board on the back through screws.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the space is regarded as a Cartesian coordinate system, an XOY plane is a radar moving area, the millimeter wave terahertz radar sensor emits linear frequency modulation continuous waves in the area in a certain range in the front right direction at different positions, time domain data of echo signals are collected, the time domain data are preprocessed through an onboard DSP component, frequency domain data required by an imaging algorithm are transmitted, a library file is dynamically linked through the imaging algorithm, and the scattering distribution condition of a detection area is inverted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
(1) according to the invention, a frequency modulation linear continuous wave signal is transmitted by the millimeter wave terahertz radar sensor, and the scattering condition of a detection area is inverted by collecting echo signal frequency domain data of the millimeter wave terahertz radar sensor at different positions.
(2) Different detection scenes can be set according to different requirements, detection under different conditions is met, an image display mode is adopted, the precision is good, the detection efficiency is high, different enhancement algorithms are matched, and the method can be suitable for detection under various application occasions.
(3) The detection device has the advantages of small volume, simple structure, good portability, real-time processing capability, strong practicability, low manufacturing cost and low energy consumption.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a microwave and infrared detection imaging platform in embodiment 1.
Figure 2 is a microwave imaging workflow diagram of example 1,
FIG. 3 is a structure diagram of a millimeter wave terahertz near-field imaging platform
FIG. 4 shows the working condition of the millimeter wave terahertz near-field imaging device
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
The millimeter wave terahertz near-field imaging device shown in fig. 1-4 comprises a millimeter wave terahertz radar sensor 1 for generating chirp continuous waves and collecting echoes; a motor and a guide rail 10, 11 for carrying a millimeter wave terahertz radar sensor; a singlechip 2 for driving signals to the motor; a power supply 5 for supplying power to the motor controller; motor controllers 8 and 9 for driving the motors to rotate; a control client 6 for configuring the singlechip to realize scanning logic and synchronizing radar data and singlechip data; a data storage area 4 for storing data; a data client 7 for reproducing and tracing the historical data of the data storage area; the millimeter wave terahertz radar sensor 1 is connected with the IPC through a serial port, a control client and a data client both need to operate on the IPC, and the single chip microcomputer 2 is connected with the IPC through the serial port and used for controlling the motor drives 8 and 9.
Preferably, the single chip microcomputer 2 is connected with the motor controller and the limit sensor, and is used for generating a 975Hz PWM signal, an X-axis motor control signal, a Y-axis motor control signal, and an X-axis motor direction signal, and simultaneously supplying power to the limit sensor and reading the state of the limit sensor.
Preferably, the motor controllers 8 and 9 adopt a common cathode connection method, and the input voltage of the motor controller is 24V and is used for providing driving and enabling signals for the motors. Is connected with the singlechip through a DuPont wire and is used for receiving the control of the singlechip.
Preferably, the power supply is an ACDC power supply 5, the input voltage is 220V, and the output voltage is divided into three paths: 12V, supplying power to the industrial personal computer; 24V, which is used for supplying power to the motor controller; 5V is used for supplying power to the radar sensor.
Preferably, the working voltage of the pair of limit sensor modules is 3.3V, the output is a logic output, 0 indicates no trigger, and 1 indicates trigger, and the pair of limit sensor modules are used for controlling the initialized position of the scanning platform and preventing the scanning platform from being locked by a motor in the working process.
Preferably, the working mode of the millimeter wave terahertz radar sensor 1 is a chirp continuous wave mode, taking a millimeter wave sensor as an example, the working frequency is 77GHz, the bandwidth is 4GHz, a built-in DSP is used for preprocessing a time domain signal, and the millimeter wave terahertz radar sensor is fixed on a slider, connected with an industrial personal computer through a USB serial port, and used for collecting and returning callback data at each position.
Preferably, the scanning platform structures 10 and 11 mainly comprise two sets of stepping motors and guide rails in the X and Y directions, a sliding block fixed in the X direction and two limit sensors, and are connected with the scanning platform driving module through 12PIN interfaces. The guide rail is fixed on the optical bread board at the back through screws.
Preferably, the control client 6 is a UI interface designed based on C # programming language, and the UI is roughly divided into 4 parameter areas, including: a serial port configuration area, a scanning parameter configuration area, an image refreshing related parameter setting area and a progress bar display area. The serial port configuration area can configure different data transmission ports; the scanning parameter configuration area configures parameters of the scanning platform, including four parameters of an initialization position, a maximum step number, a sampling interval and a target distance; wherein the parameters in the image refreshing parameter setting area are sampling points at the image refreshing interval; the progress bar display area contains the real-time progress of scanning, and after the scanning is finished, a folder where the scanning time and the source data are located can be popped up.
Preferably, the data client 7 is a UI interface written based on C #, and the UI is roughly divided into 3 parameter areas including a file selection area, an imaging parameter setting area and an image processing parameter setting area; the file selection area is used for providing a user with a file to be read; the imaging parameter setting area is used for setting imaging parameters of a required file; and the image processing parameter setting area is used for providing the user with the image filtering mode and the threshold value required to be selected.
The millimeter wave terahertz near field imaging method comprises the following steps of providing a using method of a specific device of a millimeter wave imaging device, wherein the principle of the terahertz imaging device is the same, and the description is not repeated here:
(1) the client configures the radar scanning platform, selects a corresponding serial port of a part, writes parameters after connecting the serial port, runs the millimeter wave radar sensor in a trial mode once, transmits frequency modulation continuous waves to an area in front through the radar antenna, receives echoes, and confirms that the system can start to detect after the stability of data transmission is finished.
(2) And starting the scanning platform, driving the millimeter wave radar sensor to move through the two-dimensional guide rail and the motor, so that the millimeter wave radar sensor can detect at each space coordinate position, and simultaneously analyzing, synchronizing and processing the coordinate information given by the scanning platform drive and the returned data of the radar sensor by the client.
(3) And in the process of collecting echo data by the client, the size of the radar echo data matrix can be counted, and after the quantity set by a user is reached, an imaging algorithm can be called, and the result of the currently collected data is dynamically refreshed.
(4) After the data collection work is finished, the client stores the data, calls the imaging algorithm dynamic link library, and displays the final imaging result, wherein the final imaging result reflects the scattering distribution condition of the detection area.
In summary, the invention discloses a millimeter wave terahertz near-field imaging device and an imaging method, and relates to a millimeter wave terahertz imaging platform for realizing image reconstruction by using a synthetic aperture radar imaging technology. The imaging system can be used in near field scene detection, and comprises: the radar scanning platform comprises a scanning platform driving module and a scanning platform structure, and is used for receiving the control of the client and carrying out scanning detection actions; the scanning platform driver comprises a single chip microcomputer which is used for receiving the configuration information of the client and realizing the control of the stepping motor driver; the scanning platform structure comprises two sets of stepping motors and linear guide rails and is used for carrying the millimeter wave terahertz radar sensor to move and detecting at each detection point; the client comprises a control client and a data client, wherein the control client is used for controlling the parameter setting of the whole system by a UI (user interface) developed by C # and a dynamic connection library file of an imaging algorithm, collecting, storing and processing echo data in real time through a serial port and inverting and detecting the obtained image; the data client comprises an algorithm module and a data tracing function and is used for reproducing the historical detection data. The device structure is shown in the following figure, the image result generated by the invention is clear, the resolution ratio is high, the imaging speed is high, and the client design is simple and clear.
Claims (8)
1. A millimeter wave terahertz near field imaging device is characterized by comprising a radar scanning platform and a client; the radar scanning platform is used for detecting and returning data and comprises a single chip microcomputer, a motor controller, a two-dimensional guide rail with a motor, a power supply, a radar sensor and a limit sensor; the power supply is connected with the motor controller to supply power, the single chip microcomputer is connected with the motor controller and the limit sensor to control the motor controller, the single chip microcomputer is connected with the industrial personal computer through a serial port to receive a client instruction, the radar sensor is connected with the industrial personal computer through a serial port to return data, and the motor in the two-dimensional guide rail with the motor is connected with the motor controller to receive driving; the client runs on an industrial personal computer and is divided into a control client and a data client; the control client is used for configuring the radar scanning platform to achieve detection scene setting and return data analysis, and the data client is used for reproduction and further processing of historical data.
2. The millimeter wave terahertz near field imaging device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the motor controller comprises two sets of motor drives for generating a 975Hz PWM drive control signal, an X and Y axis motor control signal, and an X and Y axis motor direction signal, and for simultaneously powering the limit sensor and reading its state; the motor controller adopts a common cathode connection method for motor driving, and the input voltage of the motor controller is 24V and is used for providing driving and enabling signals for the motor.
3. The millimeter wave terahertz near-field imaging device of claim 1, wherein the power supply adopts an ACDC mode, the input voltage is 220V, and the output voltage is divided into three paths: 12V, supplying power to the industrial personal computer; 24V, which is used for supplying power to the motor controller; 5V is used for supplying power to the radar sensor.
4. The millimeter wave terahertz near field imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the pair of limit sensors has a working voltage of 3.3V, the output is a logic output, 0 indicates no trigger, and 1 indicates trigger, and is used for controlling the position of the radar scanning platform initialization to prevent the scanning platform from being jammed during operation.
5. The millimeter wave terahertz near field imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the radar sensor operates in a chirp continuous wave mode, is a millimeter wave terahertz radar sensor, has an operating frequency of 77GHz and a bandwidth of 4GHz, is provided with a built-in DSP for time domain signal preprocessing, is fixed on a slider, is connected with an industrial personal computer through a USB serial port, and is used for collecting and returning callback data at each position.
6. The millimeter wave terahertz near-field imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the control client is a UI interface designed based on C # programming language, the UI is roughly divided into 4 parameter regions, and the UI comprises: a serial port configuration area, a scanning parameter configuration area, an image refreshing related parameter setting area and a progress bar display area; the serial port configuration area can configure different data transmission ports; the scanning parameter configuration area configures parameters of the scanning platform, including four parameters of an initialization position, a maximum step number, a sampling interval and a target distance; wherein the parameters in the image refreshing parameter setting area are the sampling points of the image refreshing interval; the progress bar display area contains the real-time progress of scanning, and after the scanning is finished, a folder where the scanning time and the source data are located can be popped up.
7. The millimeter wave terahertz near-field imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the data client is a UI interface written based on C #, the UI is roughly divided into 3 parameter areas including a file selection area, an imaging parameter setting area and an image processing parameter setting area; the file selection area is used for providing a user with a file to be read; the imaging parameter setting area is used for setting imaging parameters of a required file; and the image processing parameter setting area is used for providing the user with the image filtering mode and the threshold value required to be selected.
8. The imaging method of the millimeter wave terahertz near-field imaging device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) the client configures the radar scanning platform, selects a corresponding serial port of a component, writes parameters after connecting the serial port, runs the radar sensor once, transmits frequency modulation continuous waves to a forward area through a radar antenna, receives echoes, and confirms that the system can start to detect after the stability of data transmission is finished;
2) starting a radar scanning platform, driving a millimeter wave radar sensor to move through a two-dimensional guide rail with a motor, so that the millimeter wave radar sensor detects at each space coordinate position, and simultaneously analyzing, synchronizing and processing coordinate information given by the scanning platform drive and returned data of the radar sensor by a client;
3) in the process of collecting echo data, the client side can count the size of a radar echo data matrix, call an imaging algorithm after the quantity set by a user is reached, and dynamically refresh the result of the currently collected data;
4) after the data collection work is finished, the client stores the data, calls the imaging algorithm dynamic link library, and displays the final imaging result, wherein the final imaging result reflects the scattering distribution condition of the detection area.
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