CN114673978B - Steam generating system of high-temperature gas cooled reactor steam turbine shaft seal system - Google Patents
Steam generating system of high-temperature gas cooled reactor steam turbine shaft seal system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114673978B CN114673978B CN202210319432.3A CN202210319432A CN114673978B CN 114673978 B CN114673978 B CN 114673978B CN 202210319432 A CN202210319432 A CN 202210319432A CN 114673978 B CN114673978 B CN 114673978B
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- water
- electric heater
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 160
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/02—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type
- F01D11/04—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type using sealing fluid, e.g. steam
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/028—Steam generation using heat accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
- F22G5/12—Controlling superheat temperature by attemperating the superheated steam, e.g. by injected water sprays
- F22G5/123—Water injection apparatus
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a steam generating system of a high-temperature gas cooled reactor turbine shaft seal system, which comprises a water supplementing pipeline, a constant-temperature water tank, a water tank recirculation valve, a spiral heat exchanger, a steam electric heater, a temperature reducing device, a steam output pipeline and a fused salt storage tank, wherein the water tank recirculation valve is arranged at the bottom of the water supplementing pipeline; the bottom outlet of the constant temperature water tank is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with a circulating water inlet of the constant temperature water tank through a water tank recirculation valve, the other path is communicated with an inlet of a spiral heat exchanger through a water supply valve, an outlet of the spiral heat exchanger is communicated with a water cooling device and a steam output pipeline through a steam electric heater, and the spiral heat exchanger is positioned in a molten salt storage tank; a fused salt storage tank electric heater is arranged in the fused salt storage tank, and a water tank electric heater is arranged in the constant-temperature water tank; the controller is connected with the fused salt storage tank electric heater, the water tank electric heater, the steam electric heater, the temperature reducing device, the water tank recirculation valve and the water supply valve, and the system can quickly generate high-parameter steam and has lower energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of high-temperature gas cooled reactors and new energy storage, and relates to a steam generation system of a high-temperature gas cooled reactor turbine shaft seal system.
Background
Auxiliary steam of a nuclear power station is generally from an electric boiler, and besides the purpose of heating water supply, the auxiliary steam has an important purpose of supplying steam to a shaft seal, so that the phenomenon that the shaft seal is locked due to the fact that the shaft seal is lost when a steam turbine is in idle running in emergency is prevented. Thus, the electric boiler is always in a hot standby state when the single unit is operated. There are several problems with this state: firstly, an electric boiler is started slowly, the steam generating speed is low, 18 minutes are required for generating qualified steam at the highest speed, the shaft seal steam supply requirement during the steam turbine is not met, and when the emergency shutdown is carried out, the residual steam of the system is utilized, so that the external shaft seal steam supply time is required to be not more than 10 minutes; secondly, the steam parameters are low, the temperature is 220 ℃, the pressure is 2.0MPa, the steam parameters are almost constant, the adjustment is impossible, the steam is nearly saturated, and the shaft seal steam temperature above 320 ℃ can not be reached; thirdly, the operation stability requirement of the electric boiler is higher; finally, the electric boiler is always in a hot standby state, and the power consumption is high. The existing energy storage type steam generation system can rapidly and timely provide the superheated steam with the temperature of more than 300 ℃, solves the problems that the starting time of an electric boiler is long, the temperature of the electric boiler cannot reach the temperature requirement of the superheated steam with the temperature of more than 300 ℃ of shaft seal steam, provides reliable and stable steam for the shaft seal, and ensures the safe shutdown of a steam turbine. The heat exchange tube of the novel single-tank high-temperature energy storage steam generator 202021738615.1 has the effect of preventing the heat exchange tube from being corroded on the outer wall of the energy storage tank, but has the defects of high processing and assembling process difficulty, low heat exchange uniformity, low heat transfer coefficient and the like, and the temperature difference between the inlet water temperature of the heat exchange tube and the temperature of a pipe is generally not more than 50 ℃, so that the outlet steam temperature of an evaporator is limited. The patent discloses a shaft seal steam supply system 202023218118.1 with an energy storage function, mainly referring to a system for storing energy and supplying the shaft seal, and not referring to an energy storage type evaporator structure and system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a steam generation system of a high-temperature gas cooled reactor turbine shaft seal system, which can quickly generate high-parameter steam and has low energy consumption.
In order to achieve the aim, the steam generation system of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor turbine shaft seal system comprises a water supplementing pipeline, a constant-temperature water tank, a water tank recirculation valve, a spiral heat exchanger, a steam electric heater, a temperature reducing device, a steam output pipeline and a molten salt storage tank;
the outlet of the water supplementing pipeline is communicated with the inlet of the constant-temperature water tank, the bottom outlet of the constant-temperature water tank is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the circulating water inlet of the constant-temperature water tank through a water tank recirculation valve, the other path is communicated with the inlet of the spiral heat exchanger through a water feeding valve, the outlet of the spiral heat exchanger is communicated with the water cooling device and the steam output pipeline through a steam electric heater, and the spiral heat exchanger is positioned in the molten salt storage tank;
a fused salt storage tank electric heater is arranged in the fused salt storage tank, and a water tank electric heater is arranged in the constant-temperature water tank;
the controller is connected with the fused salt storage tank electric heater, the water tank electric heater, the steam electric heater, the temperature reducing device, the water tank recirculation valve and the water supply valve.
The water supplementing pipeline is provided with a constant-temperature water tank water supplementing valve, and the controller is connected with the constant-temperature water tank water supplementing valve.
And a steam outlet temperature measuring point is arranged on the steam output pipeline.
The molten salt storage tank is internally provided with a molten salt storage tank temperature measuring point.
The inlet of the spiral heat exchanger is provided with an inlet wall temperature measuring point of the spiral heat exchanger.
The constant temperature water tank is internally provided with a constant temperature water tank temperature measuring point.
The outlet at the bottom of the constant temperature water tank is divided into two paths after passing through the water feeding pump of the evaporator.
The bottom outlet of the constant temperature water tank is communicated with the inlet of the spiral heat exchanger through a water supply valve, and the controller is connected with the water supply valve.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the steam generating system of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor turbine shaft seal system is specifically operated, the constant-temperature water tank is utilized to preheat water supply, then the water supply enters the spiral heat exchanger, the shaft seal superheated steam reaching more than 320 ℃ is rapidly generated within 10min by utilizing the characteristic of large heat accumulation capacity of the molten salt storage tank, the safe shutdown of the high-temperature reactor turbine is ensured, and then the water supply is regulated to the preset temperature by the temperature reducing device and the steam electric heater, so that high-parameter steam is rapidly generated, the energy consumption is lower, and the system has the characteristics of simple system equipment, small volume, accurate temperature control, small energy consumption and higher economic benefit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
The constant-temperature water tank comprises a constant-temperature water tank 1, a constant-temperature water tank temperature measuring point 2, an evaporator water feeding pump 3, a water tank recirculation valve 4, a water feeding valve 5, a water tank electric heater 6, a fused salt storage tank 7, a spiral heat exchanger 8, a fused salt storage tank temperature measuring point 9, a fused salt storage tank electric heater 10, a steam electric heater 11, a temperature reducing device 12, a steam outlet temperature measuring point 13, a spiral heat exchanger inlet wall temperature measuring point 14 and a constant-temperature water tank water supplementing valve 15.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the following description will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, but not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
In the accompanying drawings, there is shown a schematic structural diagram in accordance with a disclosed embodiment of the invention. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated for clarity of presentation and may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions, layers and their relative sizes, positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, may in practice deviate due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and one skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions as actually required.
Referring to fig. 1, the steam generating system of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor turboshaft seal system comprises a controller, a constant-temperature water tank 1, a constant-temperature water tank temperature measuring point 2, an evaporator water feeding pump 3, a water tank recirculation valve 4, a water feeding valve 5, a water tank electric heater 6, a molten salt storage tank 7, a spiral heat exchanger 8, a molten salt storage tank temperature measuring point 9, a molten salt storage tank electric heater 10, a steam electric heater 11, a temperature reducing device 12, a steam outlet temperature measuring point 13, a spiral heat exchanger inlet wall temperature measuring point 14 and a constant-temperature water tank water supplementing valve 15;
the outlet of the water supplementing pipeline is communicated with the inlet of the constant temperature water tank 1, a constant temperature water tank water supplementing valve 15 is arranged on the water supplementing pipeline, the bottom outlet of the constant temperature water tank 1 is divided into two paths after passing through an evaporator water feeding pump 3, one path is communicated with the circulating water inlet of the constant temperature water tank 1 through a water tank recycling valve 4, the other path is communicated with the inlet of the spiral heat exchanger 8 through a water feeding valve 5, the outlet of the spiral heat exchanger 8 is communicated with the inlet of the spiral heat exchanger 8 through a steam electric heater 11, a temperature reducing water device 12 and a steam output pipeline, a steam outlet temperature measuring point 13 is arranged on the steam output pipeline, the spiral heat exchanger 8 is positioned in a molten salt storage tank 7, a molten salt storage tank temperature measuring point 9 is arranged in the molten salt storage tank 7, and an inlet wall temperature measuring point 14 of the spiral heat exchanger is arranged at the inlet of the spiral heat exchanger 8;
a fused salt storage tank electric heater 10 is arranged in the fused salt storage tank 7, a constant-temperature water tank temperature measuring point 2 is arranged in the constant-temperature water tank 1, and a water tank electric heater 6 is arranged in the constant-temperature water tank 1;
the controller is connected with a constant-temperature water tank temperature measuring point 2, an evaporator water feeding pump 3, a water tank recirculation valve 4, a water feeding valve 5, a water tank electric heater 6, a spiral heat exchanger 8, a fused salt storage tank temperature measuring point 9, a fused salt storage tank electric heater 10, a steam electric heater 11, a temperature reducing device 12, a steam outlet temperature measuring point 13, a spiral heat exchanger inlet wall temperature measuring point 14 and a constant-temperature water tank water supplementing valve 15.
The specific working process of the invention is as follows:
the water supply enters a constant temperature water tank 1, the water supply is heated to a set temperature by adopting a water tank electric heater 6 in the constant temperature water tank 1, for steam with 320 ℃ of a high-temperature pile shaft seal, the water supply temperature X1 is set to be 270-320 ℃, and a water tank recirculation valve 4 is opened to uniformly stir by utilizing a recirculation pipeline of an evaporator water supply pump 3; when the actual water supply temperature is lower than the set temperature X1 by more than 10 ℃, starting the water tank electric heater 6 to continuously heat the water supply; when the actual water supply temperature is higher than the set temperature X1 by more than 10 ℃, the water tank electric heater 6 is automatically stopped, and when the liquid level of the constant-temperature water tank 1 is insufficient, the constant-temperature water tank water supplementing valve 15 is opened to supplement water to the system;
in order to reduce heat loss, the outer wall of the constant temperature water tank 1 is provided with heat preservation cotton, single molten salt, binary molten salt, ternary molten salt or heat conduction oil is adopted in the molten salt storage tank 7, the heat transfer temperature which is higher than 370 ℃ at most is provided, and the molten salt storage tank electric heater 10 is adopted to heat the molten salt. Setting the wall temperature X2 at the inlet of the spiral heat exchanger 8 to be 320-370 ℃ and controlling the temperature X2-X1 to be less than or equal to 50 ℃. The molten salt in the molten salt storage tank 7 is set at a temperature of X3, and X3-X2 is less than or equal to 50 ℃; when the actual temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt storage tank 7 is lower than the set temperature X3 of the molten salt by more than 10 ℃, starting the electric heater 10 of the molten salt storage tank to continuously heat the molten salt; when the actual molten salt temperature is higher than the set temperature X3 by more than 10 ℃, automatically stopping the electric heater 10 of the molten salt storage tank;
in order to increase the heat exchange area of the heat exchange tube, the invention adopts the spiral heat exchanger 8, and the spiral heat exchanger 8 is positioned in the molten salt storage tank 7;
when the actual temperature of the steam at the outlet of the evaporator is lower than the set steam temperature X4 by more than 5 ℃, the steam electric heater 11 is started to heat the steam; when the actual temperature of the steam at the outlet of the evaporator is higher than the set steam temperature X4 by more than 5 ℃, the steam electric heater 11 is stopped, and meanwhile, the temperature reducing device 12 is started to control the steam temperature to be within the set value X4 plus or minus 5 ℃. The water temperature X1, the wall temperature X2 at the inlet of the spiral heat exchanger 8 and the fused salt set temperature X3 are set according to the requirement of the outlet steam temperature, meanwhile, the steam temperature X4 is set according to the required temperature, when the shaft seal system needs steam, the water supply valve 5 is opened, the water tank recirculation valve 4 is closed, the water supply enters the spiral heat exchanger 8 to be vaporized to generate steam, the steam electric heater 11 or the temperature reducing device 12 is automatically started according to the actual steam temperature at the outlet of the spiral heat exchanger 8 to adjust the steam temperature, and the stable required steam temperature is achieved.
The invention can automatically adjust the steam outlet temperature through four temperature setting values X1, X2, X3 and X4, so that the outlet steam temperature is automatically adjusted in a larger range, the control condition is that X2-X1 is less than or equal to 50 ℃, and X3-X2 is less than or equal to 50 ℃, and the invention can be conveniently applied to shaft seal steam supply systems of other single units or other types of steam supply systems.
Claims (1)
1. The steam generation system of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor turbine shaft seal system is characterized by comprising a water supplementing pipeline, a constant-temperature water tank (1), a water tank recirculation valve (4), a spiral heat exchanger (8), a steam electric heater (11), a temperature reducing device (12), a steam output pipeline and a molten salt storage tank (7);
the outlet of the water supplementing pipeline is communicated with the inlet of the constant temperature water tank (1), the bottom outlet of the constant temperature water tank (1) is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the circulating water inlet of the constant temperature water tank (1) through a water tank recirculation valve (4), the other path is communicated with the inlet of the spiral heat exchanger (8) through a water feeding valve (5), the outlet of the spiral heat exchanger (8) is communicated with the water cooling device (12) and the steam output pipeline through a steam electric heater (11), and the spiral heat exchanger (8) is positioned in the molten salt storage tank (7);
a fused salt storage tank electric heater (10) is arranged in the fused salt storage tank (7), and a water tank electric heater (6) is arranged in the constant-temperature water tank (1);
the controller is connected with the fused salt storage tank electric heater (10), the water tank electric heater (6), the steam electric heater (11), the temperature reducing device (12), the water tank recirculation valve (4) and the water supply valve (5);
a constant-temperature water tank temperature measuring point (2) is arranged in the constant-temperature water tank (1);
the bottom outlet of the constant temperature water tank (1) is divided into two paths after passing through the evaporator water feeding pump (3);
the bottom outlet of the constant temperature water tank (1) is communicated with the inlet of the spiral heat exchanger (8) through the water supply valve (5), and the controller is connected with the water supply valve (5);
the water supply enters a constant-temperature water tank (1), the water supply is heated to a set temperature by adopting a water tank electric heater (6) in the constant-temperature water tank (1), the water supply temperature X1 is set to be 270-320 ℃ for steam with 320 ℃ in a high-temperature reactor shaft seal, and a water tank recirculation valve (4) is opened and uniformly stirred by utilizing a recirculation pipeline of an evaporator water supply pump (3); when the actual water supply temperature is lower than the set temperature X1 by more than 10 ℃, starting the water tank electric heater (6) to continuously heat the water supply; when the actual water supply temperature is higher than the set temperature X1 by more than 10 ℃, the electric heater (6) of the water tank is automatically stopped, and when the liquid level of the constant-temperature water tank (1) is insufficient, a water supplementing valve (15) of the constant-temperature water tank is opened to supplement water to the system;
a constant-temperature water tank water supplementing valve (15) is arranged on the water supplementing pipeline, and the controller is connected with the constant-temperature water tank water supplementing valve (15);
the steam output pipeline is provided with a steam outlet temperature measuring point (13);
a fused salt storage tank temperature measuring point (9) is arranged in the fused salt storage tank (7);
an inlet of the spiral heat exchanger (8) is provided with an inlet wall temperature measuring point (14) of the spiral heat exchanger;
setting the wall temperature X2 at the inlet of the spiral heat exchanger (8) to 320-370 ℃, controlling the temperature X2-X1 to be less than or equal to 50 ℃, and setting the temperature X3 of molten salt in the molten salt storage tank (7), wherein the temperature X3-X2 is less than or equal to 50 ℃; when the actual temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt storage tank (7) is lower than the set temperature X3 of the molten salt by more than 10 ℃, starting an electric heater (10) of the molten salt storage tank to continuously heat the molten salt; when the actual molten salt temperature is higher than the set temperature X3 by more than 10 ℃, automatically stopping the electric heater (10) of the molten salt storage tank;
when the actual temperature of the steam at the outlet of the evaporator is lower than the set steam temperature X4 by more than 5 ℃, a steam electric heater (11) is started to heat the steam; when the actual temperature of the steam at the outlet of the evaporator is higher than the set steam temperature X4 by more than 5 ℃, the steam electric heater (11) is stopped, and meanwhile, the temperature reducing device (12) is started to control the steam temperature to be within the set value X4 minus or plus 5 ℃; the water temperature X1, the wall temperature X2 at the inlet of the spiral heat exchanger (8) and the fused salt set temperature X3 are set according to the requirement of the outlet steam temperature, meanwhile, the steam temperature X4 is set according to the required temperature, when the shaft seal system needs steam, the water supply valve (5) is opened, the water tank recirculation valve (4) is closed, the water supply enters the spiral heat exchanger (8) to be vaporized to generate steam, and the steam electric heater (11) or the temperature reducing device (12) is automatically started according to the actual steam temperature at the outlet of the spiral heat exchanger (8) to adjust the steam temperature, so that the stable required steam temperature is achieved.
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CN202210319432.3A CN114673978B (en) | 2022-03-29 | 2022-03-29 | Steam generating system of high-temperature gas cooled reactor steam turbine shaft seal system |
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CN202210319432.3A CN114673978B (en) | 2022-03-29 | 2022-03-29 | Steam generating system of high-temperature gas cooled reactor steam turbine shaft seal system |
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CN112284169A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-29 | 西安西热节能技术有限公司 | Molten salt layered energy storage system capable of supplying steam at constant temperature |
CN112435765A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-02 | 华能山东石岛湾核电有限公司 | High-temperature gas cooled reactor steam generator small-flow cooling system and control method |
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