CN114673844B

CN114673844B - Self-sealing separating joint for preventing aircraft fuel system from crash

Info

Publication number: CN114673844B
Application number: CN202210321563.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴益晓; 姚建尧; 周向鑫; 梁道森; 张旭; 祝文祥; 王常印; 张睿
Original assignee: Chongqing University
Current assignee: Chongqing University
Priority date: 2022-03-30
Filing date: 2022-03-30
Publication date: 2022-11-25
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-30
Also published as: CN114673844A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aircraft fuel systems, and particularly discloses a self-sealing separating joint for preventing a crash of an aircraft fuel system, which comprises a male joint and a female joint which are fixedly connected; a conical surface is arranged at one end, close to the female joint, in the male joint shaft core, an in-core limiting mechanism, a sealing support, a sealing elastic piece and a sealing shaft are sequentially arranged from the middle section in the male joint shaft core to the conical surface, and the conical surface, the sealing shaft, the sealing elastic piece, the sealing support and the in-core limiting mechanism are coaxially and symmetrically arranged in the female joint and the male joint shaft core; a male shaft core clutch mechanism is arranged between the male connector shell and the male shaft core. The invention cuts off the oil circuit under the collision condition through reasonable structure design without structural damage, thereby ensuring that no fuel oil leakage is generated.

Description

Self-sealing separating joint for preventing aircraft fuel system from crash

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aircraft fuel systems, in particular to a self-sealing separating joint for preventing an aircraft fuel pipeline from being crashed.

Background

Research according to airplane accident records shows that a great part of casualties are caused by fires after accidents, and the survival chances of airplane passengers are greatly reduced once ignition occurs under the condition that a large amount of fuel overflows. The crash resistance of the fuel system is therefore of great importance to the safety of aircraft, in particular helicopters. A key technology for realizing the crash resistance of the fuel system is that a self-sealing and self-separating joint is arranged between the fuel tank and the fuel tank, between the fuel tank and the pipeline and between the pipeline and the pipeline. When the aircraft is in violent collision or crash, the joint can automatically seal the oil way and separate under various stress and deformation conditions, so that the flow of fuel oil in the oil tank and the pipeline is cut off, the fuel oil leakage between the oil tank, the pipeline and other elements is ensured not to be generated, and the sufficient escape time is provided for passengers. The prior art realizes the separation between the oil tank and the pipeline by breaking or breaking the fragile elements (such as a safety pin, a fragile section, a fuse and the like) through the force and the deformation generated under the collision condition, and the technology of realizing the separation through the structural damage has the following defects:

1) Due to the fact that the stress and deformation conditions under the collision condition are complex, the failure mode of realizing separation through structural damage is not always predictable, the fragile element is broken, the joint is separated, but the self-sealing mechanism cannot be started and is still possibly in an open state, the oil way cannot be cut off under the condition, and fuel oil still leaks.

2) The prior art considers the separation modes under various potential acting forces such as stretching, shearing and bending, but does not consider the torsional deformation between the oil tank and the pipeline.

3) The self-separation function under various different acting forces is realized through the damage of a single fragile element, the setting of the separating force needs to be verified through a large number of tests, the technical difficulty is high, and the cost is high.

4) After the joint is broken, the joint can not be reused.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the self-sealing separation type joint of the aircraft fuel system, which has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, convenient assembly and disassembly, safe and reliable performance, realizes the separation between the fuel tanks, between the fuel tanks and the pipelines, and between the pipelines under the collision condition through reasonable structural design without structural damage, cuts off the oil path, and ensures that the fuel leakage cannot be generated.

The self-sealing separating joint for preventing the aircraft fuel system from being crashed comprises a male joint and a female joint which are fixedly connected;

the male connector is of a tubular structure and comprises a male connector shell and a male connector shaft core which is coaxially and slidably connected in the male connector shell;

the male joint shaft core is also of a tubular structure, a conical surface is arranged at one end of the interior, which is close to the female joint, and an in-core limiting mechanism, a sealing support, a sealing elastic piece and a sealing shaft are sequentially arranged from the middle section of the interior to the conical surface;

the sealing shaft is divided into a shaft section and a sealing section which are integrally formed, wherein the shaft section penetrates through a mounting hole in the sealing support and is in sliding fit with the mounting hole; the diameter of the sealing section is larger than that of the shaft section, the sealing section is conical and is matched with the conical surface in the male head shaft core, and a sealing element is arranged between the sealing section and the conical surface; one end of the sealing elastic piece presses the sealing support on the limiting mechanism in the core, the other end of the sealing elastic piece props against a shoulder formed by a sealing section on the sealing shaft and a shaft section, and a gap for fuel oil to pass through is reserved on the sealing support;

the female joint is of a tubular structure, and a conical surface, a sealing shaft, a sealing elastic piece, a sealing support and an in-core limiting mechanism which are the same as or similar to the male head shaft core are arranged in the female joint coaxially and symmetrically with the male head shaft core;

the male joint shaft core is hermetically connected with the female joint, and a sealing shaft on one side of the male joint shaft core abuts against a sealing shaft on one side of the female joint shaft core, so that respective sealing sections on two sides are separated from the conical surface;

a male shaft core clutch mechanism is arranged between the male connector shell and the male shaft core;

the male head shaft core clutch mechanism comprises a male head end cover fixed at the edge of the male joint opening and a pressing mechanism arranged between the male joint shell and the male head shaft core around the male head shaft core, an elastic part is arranged between the male head end cover and the pressing mechanism, and a limiting mechanism for limiting the relative rotation of the pressing mechanism and the male joint shell is arranged between the pressing mechanism and the male joint shell;

the male end cover is also provided with a guide block which can extend into the Z-shaped cutting groove, the Z-shaped cutting groove is divided into a front linear motion section and a rear linear motion section which are arranged along the axial direction and a directional motion section of a middle section of an inclining device, and the guide block can force the male shaft core to rotate around the axis of the male shaft core while moving along the axis when moving in the directional motion section;

still including setting up the dog on public head spindle periphery wall, hold-down mechanism can under the promotion of elastic component with the dog offsets, and the department that offsets is equipped with and holds the recess of dog, this recess is including the part of bottom surface and the through-going part that supplies the dog to pass through, this bottom surface is for towards the inclined plane that the through-going part extends, also open on the public head end lid has the logical groove that supplies the dog to pass through.

Furthermore, the male connector also comprises a rotating mechanism sleeved on the shell of the male connector, and the rotating mechanism is fixedly connected with the female connector; the male connector shell is rotationally connected with the rotating mechanism and can freely rotate around the axis of the male connector shell in the rotating mechanism.

Further, the rotating mechanism is a torsion-resistant bearing sleeved on the male connector shell.

Further, the female joint comprises a tubular female joint shell and a tubular female joint shaft core;

the inner part of the shell of the female joint is a stepped space, and the inner diameter of one end of the shell of the female joint, which is close to the male joint, is smaller than the diameter of the rest part of the shell of the female joint and is in sliding fit with the outer peripheral wall of the shaft core of the female joint;

a stepped shaft shoulder is arranged on the periphery of the rear end of the shaft core of the female joint, the stepped shaft shoulder and the inner wall of the larger part of the rest inner diameter of the shell of the female joint form a sliding seal, and a separation elastic part is sleeved between the shoulder of the stepped shaft shoulder and a stepped surface in the shell of the female joint;

the female joint shell and the female joint shaft core are fixed through a directional separation mechanism, and the separation elastic piece is in a compressed state during fixing;

the disengagement mechanism is configured to allow the female mandrel to disengage from the female connector housing in a direction other than away from the male connector when subjected to a set amount of force.

Furthermore, the diameter of the female head shaft core is larger than that of the male head shaft core, a stepped space is formed in the female head shaft core, and the part with the larger inner diameter facing one side of the male head shaft core can be inserted into the male head shaft core and is in sliding seal with the outer peripheral wall of the male head shaft core;

the conical surface, the sealing shaft, the sealing elastic piece, the sealing support and the in-core limiting mechanism on one side of the female head shaft core are arranged in a section with a smaller inner diameter of the female head shaft core.

Furthermore, a convex column is arranged on the surface of the male head shaft core, which is abutted against the female joint, and a blind hole matched with the convex column is arranged at the corresponding position of the female joint.

Further, the male connector and the female connector are coaxially connected through a separating mechanism which can be separated under a set external force.

Furthermore, the separating mechanism comprises two groups of lug assemblies, and the two groups of lug assemblies are positioned on the diameter of the same self-sealing separating joint and are arranged symmetrically left and right around the axis of the self-sealing separating joint;

the lug assembly comprises a single lug fixedly connected to the male connector and a double lug fixedly connected to the female connector, the single lug is clamped in a crack formed in the double lug, aligned central holes are formed in the single lug and the double lug, and the male connector and the female connector are locked together through a spring locking pin structure penetrating through the central holes;

the spring locking pin structure comprises spring locking pins symmetrically arranged in central holes at two sides of a double lug piece and a plug nut connected and plugged with an opening at the outer side of the central hole through threads, the spring locking pins are tightly pressed at the inner opening edge of the central hole by a locking compression spring positioned between the spring locking pins and the plug nut, a shoulder arranged on each spring locking pin abuts against the locking compression spring on one hand and forms hook connection with the inner opening edge of the central hole on the other hand to limit the position of each spring locking pin, and the arc-shaped end of each spring locking pin extends out of the double lug piece to enter the central hole of the single lug piece; the edges of two sides of the central hole of the single lug plate are provided with guide cambered surfaces, the spring coefficient of the locking compression spring and the shape and radian of the guide cambered surfaces are changed, and the force required for separating the male connector and the female connector can be set.

Furthermore, a flared joint for communicating an oil pipeline and the interior of the male shaft core is coaxially arranged at one end of the male shaft core, which is far away from the female joint;

a flared joint used for communicating an oil pipeline with the interior of the female joint is eccentrically arranged at one end of the female joint, which is far away from the male joint;

the flared fitting on one side of the female fitting is in the same orientation as one of the tab assemblies.

Furthermore, the limiting mechanism comprises a sliding head, a connecting part and a strip-shaped hole formed in the shell of the male connector;

the sliding head is positioned outside the male connector shell, the connecting part penetrates through the strip-shaped hole and can freely slide in the strip-shaped hole, and the sliding head is fixedly connected with the pressing mechanism through the connecting part.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows,

when axial pull force is transmitted to the female connector through a fuel pipeline, the female connector is driven to move outwards along an axis, the male connector shell is also driven to move, the male connector shell drives the male connector end cover to move, a guide block on the male connector end cover is located in a linear motion section of a Z-shaped groove on the side face of a male connector shaft core in the earlier stage, therefore, a compression spring is compressed, after the guide block moves into a directional rotation section, the male connector shell and the male connector shaft core start to rotate relatively, due to the existence of a limiting mechanism, the rotation of a pressing mechanism is consistent with that of the male connector shell, meanwhile, due to the guiding effect of an inclined plane arranged on the pressing mechanism, a stop block enters a through part along with the guiding rotation so as to be gradually separated from the pressing mechanism, the whole male connector shaft core is separated from the male connector shell under a guide line of the guide block and a second section linear motion section of the Z-shaped groove along the axis along with the continuous outward movement of the female connector, a through groove on a male connector cover plate enables the stop block not to be blocked, and self separation of the connector is achieved. At the beginning of the process, the sealing shafts on the male shaft core and the female joint are separated, and the self-sealing is respectively completed.

In some embodiments of the present invention, if the pulling force transmitted from the fuel line exceeds the separation pulling force set by the separation mechanism between the male connector and the female connector, the male connector and the female connector will separate rapidly before the male housing does not complete rotation, and the male shaft core and the sealing shaft on the female connector complete self-sealing simultaneously. This achieves a double assurance of the joint in the pull-apart mode.

In some embodiments of the present invention, when the connector is suddenly pressed during normal operation, the male shaft core is further forced against the female shaft core, and when the pressure exceeds a separating force set by a directional separating mechanism disposed between the female shaft core and the female connector housing, the female shaft core is separated from the female connector housing and can freely move and rotate in the female connector housing, and at this time, the female shaft core moves along the axis to a side away from the male shaft core under the action of a separating elastic member, and as when the male shaft core is pulled, during the moving process, the male shaft core and the female shaft core are firstly self-sealed, and then the male shaft core and the female shaft core are completely separated, and at this time, the female connector housing and the male housing are not yet separated.

In other embodiments, when the female connector housing is subjected to a torque, the male connector housing, the male shaft core and the female shaft core do not move relatively due to the existence of the rotating mechanism, the convex column of the male shaft core is inserted into the corresponding hole of the female shaft core, and the male shaft core is firmly fixed on the guide block of the male end cover due to the side Z-shaped cutting groove, so that the female shaft core cannot rotate along with the female connector housing, relative rotation can be generated between the female shaft core and the female shaft core, and when a shearing force generated by the torque exceeds a separating force set by the directional separating mechanism arranged between the female shaft core and the female connector housing, the self-sealing function of the male shaft core and the female shaft is realized as when the torque is transversely applied. The torque only enables the male connector and the female connector to rotate mutually and triggers self-sealing starting.

In some embodiments of the present invention, when the pressure applied to the joint exceeds the critical pressure, the pipeline starts to bend and deform, and the joint surface of the male joint and the female joint is a dangerous section of bending and deformation. The tensile stress generated by bending deformation exceeds the separating force of the spring locking pin structure in the double lug piece central hole at one end of the female joint shell, the double lug pieces on the female joint shell and the single lug piece of the male joint shell are separated at the Z axis, at the moment, the stop block going out of the male joint shaft core presses on the check ring at one end of the male joint shell and cannot move further, and the female joint shaft core is far away from the male joint shaft core due to the effect of the separating elastic piece, so that enough space is provided for separating the male joint and the female joint at the joint surface. Under the action of pressure, the male connector and the female connector are separated at the joint surface, then the pipeline where the connector is located is further bent around the Y axis, and finally the male connector and the female connector are separated at the Y axis, so that the self-separation function of the connector is realized.

The self-sealing separating type joint disclosed by the invention can realize the self-sealing and self-separating functions, and ensures that fuel cannot leak when being violently collided or crashed. The self-sealing separating joint is applied to the crash-resistant performance design of an aircraft fuel system, the crash-resistant performance of the aircraft fuel system can be simulated through computer software in the early stage of the aircraft design, fault modes and damages generated when the aircraft collides or crashes are simulated under various conditions, which places among fuel pipelines, between pipelines and an oil tank, between the oil tank and the oil tank can be damaged during the collision or crash, which places need to be damaged and which places need to be controlled to be damaged, and the self-sealing separating joint is installed in the places which are large in displacement, easy to damage, need to be damaged in advance and need to be controlled to be damaged according to the simulation result. By adjusting the parameters such as the elastic coefficient of a compression spring, the shape of an inclined plane, the eccentric distance and the like of the joint, the requirements of various fault modes generated during collision or crash and separation force and deformation required by damage can be met, and finally, the fuel system crash resistance test is used for verification. The joint separation force is convenient and simple to set, is suitable for different fuel systems and different fault modes, has safe and reliable performance, realizes non-self-destruction separation under the action of external force, is not damaged, and can be recycled possibly. The method is very suitable for the crash-resistant design of the aircraft fuel system, and has high practical application value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a crash-resistant self-sealing split joint for an aircraft fuel line in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the self-sealing breakaway joint for aircraft fuel lines of FIG. 1 that resists crash;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the self-sealing separable joint for preventing the fuel pipeline of the aircraft from crashing in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic external view of a male mandrel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of FIG. 2;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view at H in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line F-F of FIG. 2;

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line G-G of FIG. 2;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view taken at I in FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line J-J of FIG. 2;

FIG. 15 is an enlarged view at K of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of the self-sealing separable joint of the embodiment of the invention when the self-sealing separable joint is mounted on a fuel tank wall or a frame of a fuselage structure;

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of the self-sealing split joint directly connected to a pipe in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a lateral force separation mode of a self-sealing separable joint in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the conduits in the transverse force separation mode in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 20 is an L-direction view of fig. 19.

The reference numbers in the drawings in the specification include 100. Male joint, 101. Flared joint, 102. Male end cover, 1021 guide block, 1022 guide post, 103. Bolt, 104. Spring washer, 105. Male joint housing, 1051 shoulder, 1052. Arc stop, 106. Torsion-resistant bearing sleeve, 1061. Single lug, 107. Snap spring, 108. Screw, 109. Hold-down plate, 110. Sliding head, 111. Thrust ring, 1111 column, 112. Male end shaft core, 1121 column, 1122 stop, 1123. Z-shaped notch, 113. Compression spring, 114. Shaft core snap spring, 115. Seal support, 116. Seal compression spring, 117. Shaft core seal ring, 118. Seal shaft, 200. Female joint, 2001. Double lug, 201. Female end shaft core, 202. Female joint housing, 203. Separation spring, 204. Female end seal ring, 205. Female end cover, 206. Male end shaft core seal ring, 300 protective cover, pipeline fuel seal 400.

Detailed Description

The self-sealing separable joint for preventing the aircraft fuel system from being crashed in the embodiment is basically as shown in fig. 1, and mainly comprises a male joint 100 and a female joint 200 which are connected with each other, wherein a torsion-resistant bearing sleeve 106 is arranged outside one side of the male joint 100 of a connecting part, a single lug 1061 extends out of the torsion-resistant bearing sleeve, a double lug 2001 matched with the single lug 1061 extends out of the female joint 200 correspondingly, and the single lug 1061 and the double lug 2001 are arranged around the axis of the self-sealing separable joint in a bilateral symmetry manner along the radial direction of the self-sealing separable joint.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the male connector 100 and the female connector 200 are both tubular structures, and one side of the male connector 100 includes a tubular flared connector 101 which is screwed with the male shaft core 112 in the male connector housing 105 through threads on the outer wall; the male shaft core 112 is slidably connected in the male connector shell 105 and is hollow inside, a conical surface is arranged at one end of the inside close to the female connector 200, a ring groove is arranged in the middle of the inside, a shaft core snap spring 114 is installed in the ring groove, and a sealing support 115, a sealing compression spring 116 and a sealing shaft 118 are sequentially arranged between the shaft core snap spring 114 and an opening portion of one end, pointing to the female connector 200, of the male shaft core 112. The sealing shaft 118 is divided into a shaft section and a sealing section which are integrally formed, wherein the shaft section penetrates through a mounting hole on the sealing support 115 and is in sliding fit with the mounting hole, the diameter of the sealing section is larger than that of the shaft section, the sealing section is conical and is matched with a conical surface in the male shaft core 112, a ring groove is formed in the conical surface of the sealing section, and a shaft core sealing ring 117 is sleeved in the ring groove; the sealing compression spring 116 is sleeved on the shaft section of the sealing shaft 118, one end of the sealing compression spring presses the sealing support 115 on the shaft core clamp spring 114, and the other end of the sealing compression spring abuts against a shoulder formed by the sealing section and the shaft section on the sealing shaft 118, so that the sealing support 115 is firmly fixed on the shaft core clamp spring 114 in the sliding process of the shaft section of the sealing shaft 118 in the mounting hole, namely the opening and closing processes of the sealing shaft 118, due to the action of the compression spring force of the sealing compression spring 116. When the sealing shaft 118 is closed, the sealing shaft 118 is attached to the conical surface of the male shaft core 112 and presses the shaft core sealing ring 117, so that the male joint is self-sealed.

As shown in fig. 4, two symmetrical Z-shaped cutting grooves 1123 are formed on the outer side surface of the male mandrel 112 along the axial direction, and the Z-shaped cutting grooves are divided into two linear motion sections and a middle directional rotation section; four evenly distributed stop blocks 1122 are arranged on the front section ring axis outside the male head shaft core 112, and two symmetrical convex columns 1121 are arranged on the front end surface of the male head shaft core 112; on the other hand, as shown in fig. 2, the male end cap 102, the pressing ring 111 and the pressing plate 109 are sequentially sleeved on the male mandrel 112.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the male end cover 102 is fixedly connected with four connecting blocks outside the side edge of the male housing 105 through four bolts 103 and spring washers 104, two guide blocks 1021 extending into two Z-shaped slots 1123 are symmetrically arranged on the inner edge of the male end cover 102, and the Z-shaped slots 1123 are slidably connected with the two guide blocks 1021; because the Z-shaped slot 1123 is divided into a horizontal linear motion section and an inclined directional rotation section, when the male shaft core 112 is slid outward, if the guide block 1021 is located in the linear motion section, the male shaft core 11 keeps itself from rotating, and if the guide block 1021 enters the directional rotation section, the male shaft core 112 will also rotate by a certain angle while sliding under the shape of the directional rotation section.

Four guide posts 1022 also extend from one surface of the male end cover 102 facing the inside of the male connector housing 105, the guide posts 1022 are located between the male housing 105 and the male shaft core 112 and are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the male shaft core 112, meanwhile, four compression springs 113 are sleeved on the guide posts 1022, and the four guide posts 1022 are wound.

As shown in fig. 3 and 6, the push ring 111 is provided with through holes which are slidably engaged with the guide posts 1022, the guide posts 1022 pass through the through holes and can slide in the through holes, and the compression spring 113 is compressed between the male end cover 102 and the push ring 111; an inner shoulder 1051 protruding inward and capable of abutting against the push ring 111 is formed on the inner wall of the housing 105 between the push ring 111 and the pressing plate 109 to limit the position of the push ring 111; the push-press ring 111 extends four supporting columns 1111 towards the compression plate 109, the supporting columns 1111 penetrate through holes formed in the inner shoulder 1051 and are in sliding fit with the hole wall, and the four supporting columns 1111 are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the male shaft core 112; in addition, a pair of sliding heads 110 extending out of the male head shell 105 are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the outer push-press ring 111, the sliding heads 110 are fixedly connected with the outer peripheral wall of the push-press ring 111 through bolts, and strip-shaped holes for the bolts to slide in are formed in the male head shell 105.

As shown in fig. 3 and 7, the pressing plate 109 is fixedly connected to the pillar 1111 through four screws 108, and further fixedly connected to the push ring 111, the pressing plate 109 is provided with a groove 1091 corresponding to the stopper 1122 one by one, as shown in fig. 8, the groove 1091 is divided into two parts, a bottom surface of one part is an inclined surface, and a through groove is formed by hollowing out another part of the groove 1091 next to the inclined surface, so that when the stopper 1122 rotates along with the male shaft core 112, the stopper 1122 can slide along the inclined surface into the through groove and pass through the through groove.

As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, the male end cover 102 and the push ring 111 are respectively provided with a through slot for the four stoppers 1122 to pass through simultaneously, and the through slots on the male end cover 102, the push ring 111 and the pressure plate 109 are aligned with each other, so that the stoppers 1122 can slide out of the male end cover 102 without hindrance after rotating into the through slots on the pressure plate 109.

As can be seen from the figure, when the stopper 122 is located in a portion of the groove 1091 having the bottom surface, the stopper 1122 is tightly pressed by the pressing plate 109 by the spring compression force provided by the compression spring 113, and the pressing ring 111 is slid by the sliding head 110, thereby further compressing the compression spring 113, and the stopper 1122 is released; in addition, by setting the position and length of the directional movement section of the Z-shaped slot 1123, when the male shaft core 112 is pulled out, the stopper 1122 rotates with the male shaft core 112 at the beginning and slides into the through groove along the inclined surface, and at the same time, the directional movement section is ended, the guide block 1021 enters the linear movement section, and when the male shaft core 112 is pulled out continuously, the male shaft core 112 itself does not rotate continuously, and the stopper 1122 can slide out of the male housing 105 toward the male end cover 102 without hindrance, otherwise, the male shaft core 112 with four stoppers 1122 can be inserted into the male housing 105 smoothly.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the single lug 1061 is captured in a slit formed in the double lug 2001, the single lug 1061 and the double lug 2001 are provided with aligned central holes, and the male and female connectors are locked together by a snap-lock pin structure passing through the central holes. As shown in fig. 10, spring locking pins 209 are symmetrically installed in central holes at two sides of the double-lug piece 2001, an outer opening of the central hole is plugged by the plug nut 207 through threaded connection, and the spring locking pins 209 are pressed at the inner opening edge of the central hole by a locking compression spring 208 located between the spring locking pins 209 and the plug nut 207, so that the spring is kept in a compressed state; the shoulder arranged on the spring locking pin 209 abuts against the locking compression spring 208 on one hand, and forms a hook connection with the inner side edge of the central hole on the other hand, so that the position of the spring locking pin 209 is limited, and the arc-shaped end of the spring locking pin 209 extends out of the double-lug plate 2001 and enters the central hole of the single-lug plate 1061. The edges of two sides of the central hole of the single lug piece are provided with guide cambered surfaces. By setting the spring constant of the locking compression spring 208 and the shape and the radian of the guide arc surface, the force required for separating the male connector 100 from the female connector 200 can be set as required. With the gradual increase of the separating force, the spring locking pin 209 overcomes the pressure of the locking compression spring under the extrusion action of the guide cambered surface, gradually compresses the spring, and is separated along the guide cambered surface until being separated.

As shown in fig. 2, 5 and 6, the anti-torsion bearing sleeve 106 is sleeved outside the male housing 105, a roller pin is arranged between the outer sleeve of the anti-torsion bearing sleeve 106 and the outer side of the male housing 105, two sections of arc-shaped baffles 1052 are arranged at the middle end of the outer side of the male housing 105 and used for limiting the movement of the anti-torsion bearing sleeve 106 along one side of the axis, the arc-shaped baffles are not connected into a whole because a disconnected gap can leave a space for the operation of the sliding head 110, the movement of the axis of the other side of the anti-torsion bearing sleeve 106 is limited by a snap spring 107 arranged in a cutting groove at one end of the male housing 105, so that an anti-torsion bearing structure is formed, and the anti-torsion bearing sleeve 106 can rotate freely around the axis of the male housing 105. The curved bars are not connected as a single piece because the open spaces allow room for the operation of the slider 110.

As shown in fig. 2, the female spindle 201 is also a hollow cylindrical structure, and has a diameter larger than that of the male spindle 112, the female spindle 201 is a stepped space, and a portion of the female spindle having a larger inner diameter toward the male spindle 112 is inserted into the male spindle 112, and is in sliding fit with the outer peripheral wall of the male spindle 112, and is sealed by the male spindle sealing ring 206 in two annular grooves on the inner wall of the section inside the female spindle 201; as shown in fig. 11, two symmetrical blind holes are formed on the step surface at the end of the space in the female spindle 201, and are used for matching with the two convex pillars 1121 on the front end surface of the male spindle 112. The rest inner diameter smaller part inside the female head shaft core 201 is provided with a shaft core snap spring 114, a sealing support 115, a sealing compression spring 116, a shaft core sealing ring 117 and a sealing shaft 118 in the same way as the male head shaft core 112, the arrangement sequence of the shaft core snap spring 114, the sealing support 115, the sealing compression spring 116, the shaft core sealing ring 117 and the sealing shaft 118 is in a symmetrical relation with the parts inside the male head shaft core 112, the parts also realize the self-sealing function of the female head shaft core 201, and the working principle is consistent with that of the male head shaft core 112.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the female joint housing 202 is also a hollow cylindrical structure, and the inside of the female joint housing 202 is a space in a step shape, except that a section of the female joint housing 202 near the male axial core 112 has a smaller inner diameter and is in sliding fit with the outer peripheral wall of the female axial core 201; be equipped with the ladder shaft shoulder in the periphery of female first axle core 201 rear end, female first sealing washer 204 through adorning in two annular grooves on the ladder shaft shoulder forms sealedly with the remaining inside diameter great part's of female joint shell 202 inner wall, install between ladder shaft shoulder department and the female joint shell 202 interior ladder face and establish the separation spring 203 outside female first axle core 201, when female first axle core 201 does not by when fixed, female first axle core 201 can slide backward under the effect of separation spring 203, reality and male first axle core 112 separation.

As shown in fig. 12, 13 and 14, blind holes are formed on both sides of the female shaft core 201, a through hole aligned with the blind holes is formed in the female housing 202, spring locking pin structures are arranged in the through holes, and include a female plug nut 212, a female locking compression spring 211 and a female spring locking pin 210, the female plug nut 212 plugs the outer opening of the through hole through threaded connection, and the female spring locking pin 210 is pressed at the inner opening edge of the through hole by the female locking compression spring 211 located between the female spring locking pin 210 and the female plug nut 212, so that the spring keeps a compressed state; the shoulder that sets up on female head spring locking pin 210 offsets with locking compression spring 208 on the one hand, and on the other hand is connected along forming the hook with the inboard mouth of through-hole, restricts female head spring locking pin 210's position, and female head spring locking pin 210's arc end stretches out the through-hole again, enters into in the blind hole on female head mandrel 201. The fixing and the separation of the female head shaft core 201 in the female head shell 202 are realized by controlling the radian of the head part of the female head spring locking pin 210, the shape of the inclined arc surface corresponding to the female head shaft core 201 and the spring coefficient of the female head locking compression spring 211, and the force required by the separation is controlled. The mode of separating the female mandrel 201 from the female housing 202 is two, one is to separate the male mandrel away from the female mandrel along the axis, and the other is to separate the female mandrel 201 after rotating. The situation that the separation is separated along the axis in the direction of the male head does not exist, because as shown in FIG. 15, a corresponding inclined cambered surface is not arranged in the blind hole on the shaft core 201 of the female head; like the male mandrel, the female mandrel 201 is self-sealing after separation. As shown in fig. 14, a stop 1053 extends inwardly from the mouth edge of the male housing 105 toward the female side to limit further forward movement of the stop.

The female end cover 205 is fixedly connected with the female joint housing 202 through four bolts 103 and the spring washer 104. The female end cap 205 has another flared fitting 101 eccentrically mounted thereon, the eccentrically located flared fitting 101 being in the same diametrical direction as the binaural piece. The flared fitting 101 is in threaded communication with the box end cap 205. Thus, the flared fitting 101 at each end of the self-sealing split fitting are not coaxial.

As shown in fig. 2, the stopper is tightly pressed by the pressing plate 109 through the spring compression force provided by the compression spring 113, so that the male shaft core 112 is tightly matched with the fixed female shaft core 201 to realize sealing, meanwhile, the male shaft core 112 and the female shaft core 201 are mutually abutted and cannot reach a self-sealing position, the sealing compression springs 116 on both sides are in a compression state, and since the sealing supports 115 on both sides are hollowed out, fuel can circulate between the male and female heads as exemplified by arrows in fig. 2; on the other hand, the stopper is just located in the groove 1091 of the pressing plate 109, and the surface of the groove of the pressing plate 109 is set to be an inclined plane, so that when the male shaft core 112 is pulled, the stopper rotates by a certain angle to separate from the pressing plate 109 under the shape of the Z-shaped cutting groove, and is completely separated from the female joint 200, and the angle and the shape of the inclined plane can meet the pulling force requirements of different pulling force separation modes.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:

1. mounting means

As shown in fig. 16, the self-sealing breakaway fitting can be mounted on a fuel tank wall or fuselage structural frame. At this time, the protective cover 300 of the joint body needs to be made on the oil tank or the frame of the machine body structure so as to prevent the self-sealing separation type joint from being damaged by the action of transverse force. Or may be connected directly to the fuel line 400 as shown in figure 17.

2. Normal operation

The oil path in normal operation of this embodiment is shown by the arrow in fig. 2. At this time, the seal shafts 118 of the male and

female connectors

100 and 200 are pressed against each other, the compression seal compression springs 116 are opened, the oil passage is a passage, and the male shaft core seal 206 and the female seal 204 complete the sealing of the oil passage. If the male mandrel 112 is separated from the female mandrel 201 by a certain distance, the two sealing shafts 118 are closed due to the rebound of the sealing compression spring, and the oil path is closed.

3. Separation mode

The present embodiment is mounted on the tank wall or the frame of the fuselage structure to mainly bear the potential forces of tension, compression, torsion, and transverse force. The direct connection with the pipeline mainly bears the potential acting forces such as tension, pressure and torque. Therefore, according to the self-sealing separation type joint in the embodiment, self-sealing and self-separation of the fuel pipeline can be realized without damage of parts through structural design according to the specific stress form and deformation of the self-sealing separation type joint under the collision condition, self-sealing before separation is ensured, and zero leakage is realized. The specific separation modes include the following modes:

1. pull force disengagement mode

Install on fuel tank wall or fuselage structure frame: the male end shaft core 112 is fixed on the oil tank wall or the frame of the machine body structure and can not move, when in collision, the pulling force is transmitted to the flared connector of the female connector shell 202 through the fuel pipeline to drive the female connector shell 202 to move outwards along the axis, the double lugs on the female connector shell 202 are connected with the single lugs of the anti-torsion bearing sleeve 106 on the male connector shell 105 through the spring locking pin structure and also drive the male connector shell 105 to move, the male connector shell 105 drives the male end cover 102 to move, because the pressing plate 109 and the pushing ring 111 still support against the stop at the moment, the compression spring 113 is compressed by the movement of the male end cover 102, and because of the guiding function of the guide block on the male end cover 102 and the Z-shaped cutting groove on the side surface of the male end shaft core 112, after the guide block moves into the directional rotation section, the male connector shell 105 can rotate directionally around the anti-torsion bearing sleeve 106, and drives the pressing plate 109 to rotate directionally through the structural connection. Meanwhile, due to the guiding effect of the inclined plane arranged on the pressing plate 109, the four stoppers on the outer side of the male head axial core 112 are gradually separated from the pressing plate 109 along with guiding rotation, and when the four stoppers on the outer side of the male head axial core 112 are positioned in the through groove on the pressing plate 109, the whole male head axial core 112 is separated from the male joint 100, so that self-separation of the joint is realized. In the process, the guide block on the male end cap 102 starts to move along the Z-shaped cutting groove linear moving section on the side surface of the male axial core 112, when the convex column of the male axial core 112 is disconnected with the female axial core 201, the guide block on the male end cap 102 enters the Z-shaped cutting groove directional rotating section on the side surface of the male axial core 112 to rotate, at the moment, the female axial core 201 cannot rotate along with the male axial core 112, when the guide block on the male end cap 102 rotates along with the Z-shaped cutting groove directional rotating section on the side surface of the male axial core 112, the male axial core 112 is disconnected from the sealing shaft 118 of the female axial core 201, self-sealing is respectively completed, at the moment, the male axial core 112 is still in the sealing cavity of the female axial core 201 formed by the male axial core sealing ring 206, and self-sealing of the male joint 100 and the female joint 200 is completed before separation.

If the pulling force transmitted from the fuel pipeline exceeds the separation pulling force set by the spring locking pin structure on the double lug plate 2001, at this time, the male connector 100 and the female connector 200 will be separated quickly before the male housing 105 does not complete rotation, and the male shaft core 112 and the female shaft core 201 are self-sealed and self-separated as above. This achieves a dual assurance of the connector in the pull-apart mode, while providing design convenience and feasibility for the separation pull (mainly bending deformation) of the spring locking pin structure on the female connector housing 202 and the separation pull in the pull-apart mode.

When directly connected to a pipeline, the mode of separation of the connector in this installation mode is substantially similar to the installation of the connector on a tank wall or a fuselage structural frame, except that under the action of a bidirectional pulling force, the male head shaft core 112 is not fixed and therefore moves outwards, so that the separation process of the connector is faster and the use time is shorter.

2. Pressure separation mode

The separation mode of installation on the tank wall or fuselage structural frame and direct connection to the pipeline is substantially identical:

this joint is pressurized suddenly when normal work, public first axle core 112 further atress top is to female first axle core 201, exceed the separating force of the spring locking round pin structure that female first axle core 201 both sides limit set up when pressure, then female first axle core 201 will separate with female joint shell 202, can freely remove and rotate at female joint shell 202, female first axle core 201 is under the separating spring 203 effect this moment, remove to keeping away from public first axle core 112 one side along the axis, it is the same with pulling force separation mode, female first axle core 201 is at the in-process that removes, accomplish public first axle core 112 and female first axle core 201 self sealss earlier, then both break away from completely. The female connector housing 202 is not separated from the male connector housing 105 at this time. When the pressure applied to the joint exceeds the critical pressure of the section of the compressed pipeline, the pipeline begins to bend and deform, the joint surface of the male joint 100 and the female joint 200 is a dangerous section of bending and deformation, the flared joint 101 on the female end cover 205 is eccentrically arranged, the eccentric direction is consistent with the Y axis of the center hole of the double lug piece at one end of the female joint shell 202, and the flared joint 101 on the male end cover 102 is consistent with the whole center of the joint, so that the pressure applied to the joint is simplified to the joint surface, an eccentric bending moment can be generated, and the bending moment can guide the male joint 100 and the female joint 200 to bend and deform around the Y axis at the joint surface. The tensile stress generated by bending deformation exceeds the separating force of the spring locking pin structure in the center hole of the double lug piece at one end of the female joint shell 202, the double lug pieces of the female joint shell 202 and the single lug piece of the male joint shell 105 are separated at the Z axis, at this time, because four stop blocks going out of the male joint shaft core 112 are pressed on the retaining ring 1053 at one end of the male joint shell 105 and cannot move further, the female joint shaft core 201 is far away from the male joint shaft core 112 due to the action of the separating spring 203, and therefore, enough space is provided for separating the male joint 100 and the female joint 200 at the joint surface. Under the action of pressure, after the male connector 100 and the female connector 200 are separated at the joint surface, the pipeline where the connectors are located is further bent around the Y axis and finally separated at the Y axis, and the self-separation function of the connectors is realized.

3. Transverse force separation mode

The fitting is mounted to the tank wall or fuselage structural frame and may be subjected to lateral forces during a collision, causing the fitting to flex. As shown in fig. 18, since the flared fitting 101 on the female end cap 205 is eccentrically arranged, when a lateral force is applied to the flared fitting 101, the lateral force can be divided into two forces, that is, ft and Fn, where Ft drives the flared fitting 101 to rotate around the fitting central axis until the angle θ is zero, the Ft component force disappears, and F and Fn coincide, and at this time, the direction F, the eccentric direction of the flared fitting 101, and the direction of the two lug pieces at one end of the female fitting housing 202 are in the same orientation. In the process, the flared joint 101 drives the female joint housing 202 and the anti-torsion bearing sleeve 106 to rotate together, because the male shaft core 112 and the female shaft core 201 do not move relatively, the convex column of the male shaft core 112 is still inserted into the corresponding hole of the female shaft core 201, and the male shaft core 112 is firmly fixed on the guide block of the male end cover 102 due to the side Z-shaped cutting groove, so the female shaft core 201 cannot rotate with the female joint housing 202, and relative rotation is generated between the female shaft core 201 and the female joint housing 202, when the separation force of the relative rotation of the female shaft core 201 and the female joint housing 202 caused by Ft is greater than the separation force of the spring locking pin structures at two sides of the female shaft core 201, the female shaft core 201 and the female joint housing 202 can freely move and rotate at the female joint housing 202, and the female shaft core 201 moves away from the male shaft core 112 along the axis under the action of the separation spring 203, as in the tensile force separation mode, the female shaft core 201 finishes moving process, and the male shaft core 112 and the female shaft core 201 and the female shaft core 112 completely self-seals the female shaft core 201. Then the joint bears bending moment in a longitudinal plane shared by the direction F, the eccentric direction of the flared joint 101 and the direction of the double lugs at one end of the female joint shell 202 under the action of F, the joint surface of the male joint 100 and the female joint 200 is a dangerous section of bending deformation, and the male joint 100 and the female joint 200 are bent and deformed around the Y axis or the Z axis at the joint surface, and the same as the pressure separation mode is carried out until the male joint 100 and the female joint 200 are completely separated. In this mode, if the θ angle is zero or small, the female axial core 201 cannot be automatically separated from the female housing 202, and therefore, it is necessary to set the θ angle to be larger than a certain value by a pipe connected to the flared fitting 101 when mounting. For example, as shown in fig. 19 and 20, the pipes are arranged in an L-shape, the pipe axes are at an angle θ (the angle θ must be larger than the angle required to separate the female axial core 201 from the female housing 202) to a common longitudinal plane, and the transverse force F is mainly transmitted to the flared fitting 101 by the pipes, so that the female axial core 201 is ensured to be separated from the female housing 202 when the fitting is subjected to the transverse force.

4. Torsional decoupled mode

when the connector is subjected to the torque shown in fig. 16 and 17, the flared connector 101 drives the female connector housing 202 and the anti-torsion bearing sleeve 106 to rotate together under the action of the torque, because the male connector core 112 and the female connector core 201 do not move relatively, the convex column of the male connector core 112 is still inserted into the corresponding hole of the female connector core 201, and the male connector core 112 is firmly fixed on the guide block of the male end cover 102 due to the side Z-shaped cutting groove, so the female connector core 201 cannot rotate together with the female connector housing 202, relative rotation can be generated between the two, and when the shearing force generated by the torque exceeds the separation force of the spring locking pin structures at the two sides of the female connector core 201, the self-sealing function of the male connector core 112 and the female connector core 201 is realized as in the transverse force separation mode. The moment of torsion only can make male joint and female joint rotate each other and trigger self sealss and start, still need to cooperate other atresss and deformation can accomplish the separation. Based on the separation modes, the self-sealing separation type joint disclosed by the invention can realize the self-sealing and self-separating functions, and ensures that fuel cannot leak when being violently collided or crashed. As can be seen from the description of the separation structure and the separation principle of the separation modes, even under the combined action of various stresses and deformation, the separation modes are not interfered with each other, and who reaches the separation condition first and finishes the separation mode first.

The crash resistance of an aircraft fuel system plays a crucial role in the safety of the aircraft. By applying the self-sealing split joint in the embodiment to the crash-resistant performance design of the aircraft fuel system, the crash-resistant performance of the aircraft fuel system can be simulated through computer software in the early stage of the aircraft design, fault modes and damages generated when the aircraft collides or crashes are simulated under various conditions, which places among fuel pipelines, between pipelines and oil tanks, between oil tanks and oil tanks can be damaged during collision or crash, which places need to be damaged and which places need to be controlled to be damaged, and the self-sealing split joint is installed at the place where the displacement is large and easy to damage, and the place needs to be damaged in advance and needs to be controlled to damage according to the simulation result. By adjusting the parameters such as the elastic coefficient of a compression spring, the shape of a guide surface, the eccentric distance and the like of the joint, the requirements of various fault modes generated in collision or crash and separation force and deformation required by damage can be met, and finally, the fuel system crash resistance test is used for verification. The joint separation force is convenient and simple to set, is strong in applicability to different fuel systems and different fault modes, is convenient to disassemble and assemble, is low in cost, and is safe and reliable in performance. The self-sealing separation type joint is very suitable for the crash-resistant design of an aircraft fuel system, and has high practical application value.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-sealing separating joint for preventing a fuel system of an airplane from being crashed comprises a male joint and a female joint which are fixedly connected;

the sealing shaft is divided into a shaft section and a sealing section which are integrally formed, wherein the shaft section penetrates through a mounting hole in the sealing support and is in sliding fit with the mounting hole; the diameter of the sealing section is larger than that of the shaft section, the sealing section is conical and is matched with the conical surface in the male head shaft core, and a sealing element is arranged between the sealing section and the conical surface; one end of the sealing elastic part presses the sealing support on the limiting mechanism in the core, the other end of the sealing elastic part props against a shoulder formed by a sealing section and a shaft section on the sealing shaft, and a gap for fuel oil to pass through is reserved on the sealing support;

2. The crash resistant self-sealing breakaway joint for an aircraft fuel system of claim 1, wherein the male joint further comprises a rotating mechanism that is sleeved on the male joint housing, the rotating mechanism being fixedly connected to the female joint; the male connector shell is rotationally connected with the rotating mechanism and can freely rotate around the axis of the male connector shell in the rotating mechanism.

3. The crash resistant self-sealing breakaway joint for an aircraft fuel system of claim 2 wherein said rotation mechanism is a torsion bearing that is sleeved on said male joint housing.

4. The crash resistant self-sealing breakaway joint for an aircraft fuel system of claim 1 wherein said female joint includes a tubular female joint housing and a tubular female head mandrel;

5. The crash-resistant self-sealing split joint for an aircraft fuel system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the diameter of the female mandrel is larger than that of the male mandrel, a stepped space is formed in the female mandrel, and a part with a larger inner diameter towards the male mandrel is inserted into the male mandrel and is in sliding seal with the outer peripheral wall of the male mandrel;

6. The crash-resistant self-sealing split joint for an aircraft fuel system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a convex column is arranged on the surface of the male joint shaft core, which is abutted against the female joint, and a blind hole matched with the convex column is arranged at the corresponding position of the female joint.

7. The crash resistant self-sealing breakaway joint for an aircraft fuel system of claim 1 wherein the male joint and the female joint are coaxially connected by a breakaway mechanism capable of being separated under a set external force.

8. The crash resistant self-sealing breakaway joint for an aircraft fuel system of claim 7, wherein the breakaway mechanism comprises two sets of tab assemblies located on a diameter of the same self-sealing breakaway joint and symmetrically positioned side-to-side about an axis of the self-sealing breakaway joint;

the lug assembly comprises a single lug fixedly connected to the male connector and double lugs fixedly connected to the female connector, the single lug is clamped in a crack formed in the double lugs, aligned central holes are formed in the single lug and the double lugs, and the male connector and the female connector are locked together through a spring locking pin structure penetrating through the central holes;

9. The crash-resistant self-sealing separable joint for an aircraft fuel system according to claim 8, wherein a flared joint for communicating an oil pipeline with the inside of the male shaft core is coaxially installed on one end of the male shaft core away from the female joint;

a flared joint used for communicating an oil pipeline with the interior of the female joint is eccentrically arranged on one end of the female joint, which is far away from the male joint;

10. The crash resistant self-sealing breakaway joint for an aircraft fuel system of claim 1 wherein said restraining mechanism comprises a slider, a connecting portion, and a slotted hole formed in the male joint housing;