CN114670127B - Ultrasonic shot blasting correction method and device and ultrasonic shot blasting device - Google Patents
Ultrasonic shot blasting correction method and device and ultrasonic shot blasting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114670127B CN114670127B CN202011551068.0A CN202011551068A CN114670127B CN 114670127 B CN114670127 B CN 114670127B CN 202011551068 A CN202011551068 A CN 202011551068A CN 114670127 B CN114670127 B CN 114670127B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction method and device and an ultrasonic shot blasting device, wherein the ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction method comprises the following steps: A. obtaining the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal part; B. simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution according to the deformation requirement; C. comparing the calculated residual stress field distribution with residual stress field distribution stored in a database, judging whether the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement exists in the database, and if so, entering the step D; D. and C, searching out the shot blasting strength and the shot blasting time corresponding to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement from the database according to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement. The ultrasonic shot blasting correction method and device can effectively solve the problems that ultrasonic shot blasting parameters are too many, efficient selection is difficult, and shot blasting time is difficult to control accurately.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface treatment, in particular to an ultrasonic shot blasting correction method and device and an ultrasonic shot blasting device.
Background
The ultrasonic shot blasting correction technology is a novel surface shot blasting correction technology, and has very wide engineering application. So far, the ultrasonic shot blasting process equipment and process control are simple, the process is environment-friendly, the process cost is low, and the like, so that the ultrasonic shot blasting process equipment and process control method are widely applied to aerospace manufacturing industry, automobile manufacturing industry, and the like, such as aircraft wing skins, aluminum alloy hubs, automobile covering parts, oil tanks, rocket profile wall plates, and the like. Although a better shot peening shape correction effect is obtained, due to too many ultrasonic shot peening parameters, efficient selection is difficult, shot peening time is difficult to accurately control, and engineering application of ultrasonic shot peening shape correction technology is limited. Meanwhile, in practical engineering application, the shot blasting correction of metal parts with complex shapes and asymmetric structures always lacks reasonable technical means and methods.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, a first object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic peening shape correction method and apparatus that can effectively solve the problems of excessive ultrasonic peening parameters, difficulty in efficient selection, and difficulty in accurate control of peening time, and a second object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic peening apparatus to which the above ultrasonic peening shape correction method is applied.
In order to achieve the first object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
an ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction method comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining the requirement of deformation of the surface of a metal part;
s2, simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution according to the deformation requirement;
s3, comparing the calculated residual stress field distribution with residual stress field distribution stored in a database, wherein the database stores corresponding relations among the residual stress field distribution, shot blasting strength, shot blasting time and test piece deformation, and the test piece is the same as the metal part in material;
s4: judging whether residual stress field distribution meeting preset requirements exists in the database, and if so, entering step S5;
s5, searching shot blasting strength and shot blasting time corresponding to the residual stress field distribution from a database according to the obtained residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement;
the method for establishing the database comprises the following steps:
sa, determining the relation between the deformation of a test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting intensities;
sa1, drawing saturation curves under different shot blasting intensities by taking a test piece variable vector as a vertical axis and shot blasting time as a horizontal axis;
sb, simulating actual working conditions to obtain residual stress field distribution under different shot blasting intensities and shot blasting times;
and Sc, storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field, the shot blasting strength, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece.
Preferably, the step S4 further includes steps S41 and S42:
s41: judging whether the number of the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement in the database is greater than 1, if so, entering a step S42, otherwise, entering a step S5;
s42, selecting one residual stress field distribution meeting the set requirement from a plurality of residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement, and entering step S5.
Preferably, in the step Sa, it is specifically:
and measuring the relation between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting intensities by using an Almen measuring instrument.
Preferably, in the step S2, specifically:
and simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution by utilizing finite element software according to the deformation requirement.
Preferably, the database further stores a correspondence relationship between a plurality of shot-peening parameter combinations and shot peening intensity, wherein the shot-peening parameter combinations comprise at least two of amplitude, firing pin material, firing pin diameter, firing pin-to-metal part surface distance and air pressure;
the step S5 further includes a step S6: and determining a shot blasting parameter combination according to the shot blasting intensity corresponding to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement.
An ultrasonic shot peening apparatus comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal part;
the simulation module is used for simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution according to the deformation requirement of the metal part surface obtained by the obtaining module;
the first comparison module is used for comparing the calculated residual stress field distribution with residual stress field distribution stored in a database, and screening out residual stress field distribution meeting preset requirements from the database, wherein the database stores corresponding relations among the residual stress field distribution, shot blasting strength, shot blasting time and deformation of a test piece, and the material of the test piece is the same as that of the metal part;
the first judging module is used for receiving the structure of the first comparing module and judging whether residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement exists in the database or not;
and the first searching module is used for receiving the judging result of the judging module, and searching the shot blasting strength and the shot blasting time corresponding to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement from the database according to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement if the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement exists in the database.
Preferably, the system further comprises a second judging module and a selecting module;
the second judging module is used for judging the number of residual stress field distributions which meet the preset requirements and are screened out from the database;
the selection module is used for selecting one residual stress field distribution meeting the set requirement from a plurality of residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement.
Preferably, the method further comprises a second searching module for searching the shot blasting parameter combination from the database according to the shot blasting intensity searched by the first module.
An ultrasonic peening apparatus applying the ultrasonic peening shape correcting method according to any one of the above, comprising:
an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer;
a vibrator and at least one striker, the vibrator being connected to the ultrasonic transducer and the vibrator being adapted to strike the striker for ejection.
When the ultrasonic shot peening correction method and device provided by the invention are applied, the shot peening intensity and the shot peening time can be determined efficiently by utilizing the database storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field distribution, the shot peening intensity, the shot peening time and the deformation of the test piece, so that the shot peening parameters are selected efficiently according to the shot peening intensity, the shot peening time is controlled accurately, and the forming precision of one shot peening correction is high; the method is suitable for metal parts with any size, shape and structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an ultrasonic shot peening correction method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an ultrasonic shot peening shape correction method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an ultrasonic shot peening shape correction method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an ultrasonic shot peening shape correction method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a database creation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a database creation method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a saturation curve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic shot peening sizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of an ultrasonic shot peening shape correction method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart of an ultrasonic shot peening shape correction method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of an ultrasonic peening apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic peening apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 11-12:
1-ultrasonic transducer, 2-vibrator, 3-firing pin.
Detailed Description
A first object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic peening shape correction method and apparatus which can effectively solve the problems of excessive ultrasonic peening parameters, difficulty in efficient selection, and difficulty in accurate control of peening time, and a second object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic peening apparatus to which the above ultrasonic peening shape correction method is applied.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left" and "right", etc., are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the positions or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1, the ultrasonic shot peening correction method provided in this embodiment includes the steps of:
s1, obtaining the requirement of deformation of the surface of a metal part;
namely, firstly, obtaining the deformation requirement of the metal surface, and specifically, obtaining the deformation requirement of the metal surface through calculation or detection and other modes.
S2, simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution according to the deformation requirement;
the required residual stress field distribution can be calculated by utilizing finite element software according to the deformation requirement. Specifically, the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal part obtained in the step S1 is input into finite element software, and then the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal part is simulated to calculate the required residual stress field distribution.
Of course, the desired residual stress field distribution may also be calculated by other methods of simulation, not limited herein.
S3, comparing the calculated residual stress field distribution with residual stress field distribution stored in a database.
And (3) comparing the residual stress field distribution required by the analog calculation in the step S2 with the residual stress field distribution stored in the database.
The database stores the corresponding relation among the residual stress field distribution, the shot blasting strength, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece, and the test piece is the same as the metal part. Namely, a plurality of groups of corresponding residual stress field distribution, shot blasting strength, shot blasting time and test piece deformation are stored in the database. The residual stress field distribution, the shot blasting strength, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece corresponding to each group are specific values.
The database can be updated and supplemented continuously so as to meet the judgment standard of specific industrial requirements.
S4, judging whether residual stress field distribution meeting preset requirements exists in the database, and if so, entering a step S5;
and judging whether the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement is stored in the database according to the comparison result in the step S3. The preset requirements may be set according to actual requirements, for example, the preset requirements may be that the compressive stress is within a first preset range and/or the depth of the compressive stress layer is within a second preset range, which is not limited herein. The residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement in the step is the same or similar to the residual stress field distribution required by the analog calculation in the step S2.
S5, searching out shot blasting strength and shot blasting time corresponding to the residual stress field distribution from the database according to the obtained residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement.
Specifically, in step S4, the residual stress field distribution satisfying the preset requirement in the database is obtained as the target residual stress field distribution, and the peening intensity and peening time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution are searched from the database, and finally, the proper peening intensity and peening time can be determined.
When the ultrasonic shot blasting correction method provided by the invention is applied, the shot blasting strength and the shot blasting time can be efficiently determined by utilizing the database storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field distribution, the shot blasting strength, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece, so that the shot blasting parameters are efficiently selected according to the shot blasting strength, the shot blasting time is accurately controlled, and the forming precision of one shot blasting correction is high; the method is suitable for metal parts with any size, shape and structure.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the second embodiment further includes step S40 after step S4: if the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement is not in the database, determining that the shape cannot be corrected.
Steps S1 to S5 of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein.
Example III
As shown in fig. 3, in this third embodiment, steps S41 and S42 are added after step S4 on the basis of the first or second embodiment:
s41: judging whether the number of the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement in the database is greater than 1, if so, entering a step S42, otherwise, entering a step S5;
specifically, there may be a plurality of residual stress field distributions in the database that satisfy the preset requirement, or a plurality of residual stress field distributions in the database that are the same as or similar to the residual stress field distribution required for the analog calculation in step S2.
If the number of the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement in the database is not more than 1, taking the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement in the database as the target residual stress field distribution, searching out the shot blasting strength and the shot blasting time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution from the database, and finally determining the proper shot blasting strength and the proper shot blasting time.
S42, selecting one residual stress field distribution meeting the set requirement from a plurality of residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement, and entering step S5.
If the number of the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirements in the database is larger than 1, selecting one residual stress field distribution meeting the set requirements from a plurality of residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirements as target residual stress field distribution, and searching the shot blasting strength and shot blasting time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution from the database.
The setting requirements can be set according to practical situations, for example, the setting requirements can be that the compressive stress is within a third preset range and/or the depth of the compressive stress layer is within a fourth preset range. The third preset range may be located within the first preset range, and the fourth preset range may be located within the second preset range. In other words, the residual stress field distribution closest to the residual stress field distribution required by the analog calculation in step S2 is selected from the plurality of residual stress field distributions satisfying the preset requirement, the selected residual stress field distribution closest to the residual stress field distribution required by the analog calculation in step S2 is used as the target residual stress field distribution, and the shot blast intensity and the shot blast time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution are searched from the database.
And S5, searching out shot blasting strength and shot blasting time corresponding to the residual stress field distribution from a database according to the obtained residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement.
Specifically, if the number of residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirements in the database is not greater than 1, taking the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirements in the database as target residual stress field distribution, searching out shot blasting strength and shot blasting time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution from the database, and finally determining proper shot blasting strength and shot blasting time.
If the number of the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirements in the database is larger than 1, selecting one residual stress field distribution meeting the set requirements from a plurality of residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirements as target residual stress field distribution, and searching the shot blasting strength and shot blasting time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution from the database.
Example IV
Optionally, the database further stores a plurality of shot parameter combinations and shot intensities, wherein the shot parameter combinations include at least two of amplitude, shot material, shot diameter, shot-to-metal part surface distance and air pressure. Each shot blast parameter combination includes specific values of at least two of amplitude, shot blast material, shot blast diameter, shot blast to metal part surface distance, and air pressure. When the shot peening intensity corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution is found out from the database, an appropriate shot peening parameter combination can be selected according to the found shot peening intensity.
As shown in fig. 4, in this fourth embodiment, step S6 is added after step S5 on the basis of the first, second or third embodiment:
and determining a shot blasting parameter combination according to the shot blasting intensity corresponding to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement.
That is, when the shot peening intensity corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution is found out from the database, an appropriate shot peening parameter combination can be selected according to the found shot peening intensity, so that the shot peening parameter combination can be determined more efficiently.
As shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment provides a method for establishing a database, including the steps of:
sa, determining the relation between the deformation of a test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting intensities;
preferably, the relationship between the deformation amount of the test piece and the shot blasting time at different shot blasting intensities can be measured by using an Almen gauge.
Specifically, an Almen measuring instrument can be used for measuring the deformation of the test piece at different shot blasting times under the condition of keeping the preset shot blasting strength, so that the relation between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under the condition of keeping the preset shot blasting strength is obtained. And (3) obtaining the relation between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting intensities by changing the numerical value of the preset shot blasting intensity. And finally obtaining the corresponding relation of the shot blasting strength, the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time.
The test piece can be an Almen test piece, and the material of the test piece and the metal part are the same.
Of course, the relationship between the deformation amount of the test piece and the shot blast time at different shot blast intensities may be measured by other methods, which is not limited herein.
Sb, simulating actual working conditions to obtain residual stress field distribution under different shot blasting intensities and shot blasting times;
and simulating actual working conditions by utilizing finite element software to obtain the residual stress field distribution of the test piece under different shot blasting intensities and shot blasting times. And finally obtaining the corresponding relation of the shot blasting strength, the shot blasting time and the residual stress field distribution of the test piece.
And Sc, storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field, the shot blasting strength, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece.
Namely, storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field, the shot blasting strength, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece.
As shown in fig. 6, in one embodiment,
sa, measuring the relation between the deformation of a test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting intensities by using an Almen measuring instrument;
sa1, drawing saturation curves under different shot blasting intensities by taking a test piece variable vector as a vertical axis and shot blasting time as a horizontal axis;
sc: and storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field, the shot peening intensity, the shot peening time and the deformation amount of the test piece, and storing saturation curves under different shot peening intensities.
Specifically, in Sa, an alcan gauge may be used to measure the deformation of the test piece at different shot blasting times under the preset shot blasting strength, so as to obtain the relationship between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under the preset shot blasting strength. And (3) obtaining the relation between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting intensities by changing the numerical value of the preset shot blasting intensity. And finally obtaining the corresponding relation of the shot blasting strength, the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time.
As shown in fig. 7, in Sa1, a plurality of saturation curves can be obtained by changing the value of the shot strength. The saturation curves obtained are different at different shot intensities.
Specifically, sc is a saturation curve under different shot intensities, and a corresponding relation among a stored residual stress field, shot intensity, shot time and deformation of the test piece is stored. In other words, the residual stress field and the deformation amount stored in the database are distributed as the stored residual stress field of the test piece and the deformation amount of the test piece, but the test piece is the same as the metal part to be peened.
When the database further stores the correspondence between the plurality of shot blasting parameter combinations and the shot blasting intensity, the method of the database further includes:
sa0: measuring shot blasting strength corresponding to a plurality of groups of shot blasting parameter combinations;
the shot strength corresponding to the combination of the shot parameters of the plurality of sets of ultrasonic peening apparatuses can be measured by using an Almen gauge.
Sa1: and storing a plurality of groups of shot blasting parameter combinations and shot blasting intensities corresponding to each group of shot blasting parameter combinations.
In the ultrasonic shot peening correction method, the shot peening parameters of the experimental device are concentrated on the shot peening intensity parameters; by drawing a saturation curve, the relation between the shot blasting time and the deformation under any shot blasting strength is determined; the actual working condition is simulated by finite element software, and a database of the corresponding relation between the distribution condition of the residual stress field and the shot blasting strength, the shot blasting time and the deformation can be established; in order to meet the requirement of the correction amount of the machined part, finite element software is used for simulating and calculating the distribution condition of the residual stress field corresponding to the required correction amount, comparison and selection are carried out in a database, and then shot blasting parameters and corresponding shot blasting time can be determined. The method not only improves the efficiency of selecting the shot blasting parameters, but also realizes the accurate control of the shot blasting time; meanwhile, the invention can select the optimal processing parameters according to the precision requirement of the workpiece; moreover, the method for reversely selecting the shot blasting parameters by simulating and calculating the distribution condition of the residual stress field through finite element software provides a feasible technical method for correcting the shape of the metal part with asymmetric structure and complex shape, can realize the high precision, high efficiency and high adaptability of the ultrasonic shot blasting correction technology, can obtain the shot blasting surface with excellent surface quality, and can be widely applied to the field of metal correction.
Example five
As shown in fig. 8, the fifth embodiment discloses an ultrasonic shot peening shape correcting device, which comprises a receiving module, an analog module, a first comparing module, a first judging module and a first searching module.
The acquisition module is used for acquiring the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal part. The simulation module is used for simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution according to the deformation requirement of the metal part surface obtained by the obtaining module. The simulation module may be finite element software, specifically, the deformation requirement of the metal part surface obtained in step S1 is input into the finite element software, and then the deformation requirement of the metal part surface is simulated and calculated. The simulation module may also be other software, which is not limited herein.
The first comparison module is used for comparing the calculated residual stress field distribution with the residual stress field distribution stored in the database and screening out the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement from the database. The database stores the corresponding relation among residual stress field distribution, shot blasting strength, shot blasting time and deformation of the test piece, and the material of the test piece is the same as that of the metal part. Namely, a plurality of groups of corresponding residual stress field distribution, shot blasting strength, shot blasting time and test piece deformation are stored in the database. The residual stress field distribution, the shot blasting strength, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece corresponding to each group are specific values.
The first judging module is used for receiving the structure of the first comparing module and judging whether residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement exists in the database. The preset requirements may be set according to actual requirements, for example, the preset requirements may be that the compressive stress is within a first preset range and/or the depth of the compressive stress layer is within a second preset range, which is not limited herein. The residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement in the step is the same or similar to the residual stress field distribution required by the simulation calculation of the simulation module.
The first searching module is used for receiving the judging result of the judging module, and searching the shot blasting strength and the shot blasting time corresponding to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement from the database according to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement if the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement exists in the judging database. Specifically, the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement in the database is used as the target residual stress field distribution, the shot blasting strength and the shot blasting time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution are searched out from the database, and finally the proper shot blasting strength and shot blasting time can be determined.
When the ultrasonic shot blasting correction device provided by the invention is applied, the shot blasting strength and the shot blasting time can be efficiently determined by utilizing the database storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field distribution, the shot blasting strength, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece, so that the shot blasting parameters can be efficiently selected according to the shot blasting strength, the shot blasting time can be accurately controlled, and the forming precision of one shot blasting correction is high; the method is suitable for metal parts with any size, shape and structure.
Example six
As shown in fig. 9, the sixth embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that a second judging module and a selecting module are further included. The second judging module is used for judging the number of residual stress field distribution which meets the preset requirement and is screened out from the database. The selection module is used for selecting one residual stress field distribution meeting the set requirement from a plurality of residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement.
Specifically, there may be a plurality of residual stress field distributions in the database that meet the preset requirements, or there may be a plurality of residual stress field distributions in the database that are the same as or similar to the residual stress field distribution required by the simulation calculation of the simulation module.
If the number of the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement in the database is not more than 1, taking the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement in the database as the target residual stress field distribution, searching out the shot blasting strength and the shot blasting time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution from the database, and finally determining the proper shot blasting strength and the proper shot blasting time. If the number of the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirements in the database is larger than 1, the selection module selects one residual stress field distribution meeting the set requirements from a plurality of residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirements as a target residual stress field distribution, and searches the shot blasting strength and the shot blasting time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution from the database.
Example seven
As shown in fig. 10, this embodiment seven adds a second search module to the fifth embodiment or the sixth embodiment, that is, the ultrasonic shot peening correction apparatus further includes a second search module for searching for shot peening parameter combinations from the database according to shot peening intensities searched for by the first module.
When the first searching module searches the shot blasting intensity corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution from the database, the second searching module can select a proper shot blasting parameter combination according to the searched shot blasting intensity, so that the shot blasting parameter combination can be determined more efficiently.
11-12, the present invention also provides an ultrasonic peening apparatus to which the ultrasonic peening correction method according to any one of the above embodiments is applied, comprising: an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic transducer 1, a vibrator 2 and at least one striker 3. Wherein a vibrator 2 is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 1 and is used to strike the striker 3 to be ejected.
Specifically, the ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic transducer 1, the vibrator 2, and the striker 3 are connected in this order. The ultrasonic generator is used for inputting a high-frequency current into the ultrasonic transducer, which is used for converting electric power input by the ultrasonic power supply into mechanical power of longitudinal wave vibration, and transmitting the longitudinal wave vibration to the vibrator 2. The vibrator 2 is used to strike the striker 3 so that the striker 3 is ejected. The striker 3 has a strong impact on the surface of the metal part, generates microscopic plastic deformation on the surface of the metal part, implants favorable residual compressive stress, and eliminates harmful residual tensile stress.
A horn may be provided between the ultrasonic transducer 1 and the vibrator 2, and is not limited herein.
The number of the ultrasonic generators, the ultrasonic transducers 1 and the vibrators 2 may be plural and one-to-one, and each vibrator 2 may be provided with plural striker rods 3 correspondingly. By the arrangement, the shot blasting efficiency is greatly improved.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. An ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, obtaining the requirement of deformation of the surface of a metal part;
s2, simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution according to the deformation requirement;
s3, comparing the calculated residual stress field distribution with residual stress field distribution stored in a database, wherein the database stores corresponding relations among the residual stress field distribution, shot blasting strength, shot blasting time and test piece deformation, and the test piece is the same as the metal part in material;
s4, judging whether residual stress field distribution meeting preset requirements exists in the database, and if so, entering a step S5;
s5, searching shot blasting strength and shot blasting time corresponding to the residual stress field distribution from a database according to the obtained residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement;
the method for establishing the database comprises the following steps:
sa, determining the relation between the deformation of a test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting intensities;
sa1, drawing saturation curves under different shot blasting intensities by taking a test piece variable vector as a vertical axis and shot blasting time as a horizontal axis;
sb, simulating actual working conditions to obtain residual stress field distribution under different shot blasting intensities and shot blasting times;
and Sc, storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field, the shot blasting strength, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece.
2. The ultrasonic shot peening sizing method according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 is followed by steps S41 and S42:
s41: judging whether the number of the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement in the database is greater than 1, if so, entering a step S42, otherwise, entering a step S5;
s42, selecting one residual stress field distribution meeting the set requirement from a plurality of residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement, and entering step S5.
3. The ultrasonic peening sizing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step Sa, specifically: and measuring the relation between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting intensities by using an Almen measuring instrument.
4. The ultrasonic shot peening shape correcting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, specifically:
and simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution by utilizing finite element software according to the deformation requirement.
5. The ultrasonic peening sizing method of claim 1 wherein the database further stores a plurality of shot parameter combinations and shot intensities, the shot parameter combinations including at least two of amplitude, striker material, striker diameter, striker to metal part surface distance and air pressure;
the step S5 further includes a step S6: and determining a shot blasting parameter combination according to the shot blasting intensity corresponding to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement.
6. An ultrasonic shot peening apparatus, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal part;
the simulation module is used for simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution according to the deformation requirement of the metal part surface obtained by the obtaining module;
the first comparison module is used for comparing the calculated residual stress field distribution with residual stress field distribution stored in a database, and screening out residual stress field distribution meeting preset requirements from the database, wherein the database stores corresponding relations among the residual stress field distribution, shot blasting strength, shot blasting time and deformation of a test piece, and the material of the test piece is the same as that of the metal part;
the first judging module is used for receiving the structure of the first comparing module and judging whether residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement exists in the database or not;
and the first searching module is used for receiving the judging result of the judging module, and searching the shot blasting strength and the shot blasting time corresponding to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement from the database according to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement if the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement exists in the database.
7. The ultrasonic shot peening sizing apparatus according to claim 6 further comprising a second judgment module and a selection module;
the second judging module is used for judging the number of residual stress field distributions which meet the preset requirements and are screened out from the database;
the selection module is used for selecting one residual stress field distribution meeting the set requirement from a plurality of residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement.
8. The ultrasonic peening sizing apparatus of claim 6 further comprising a second lookup module for looking up peening parameter combinations from the database based on peening intensities looked up by the first module.
9. An ultrasonic peening apparatus applying the ultrasonic peening correction method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer (1);
a vibrator (2) and at least one striker (3), the vibrator (2) being connected to the ultrasonic transducer (1) and the vibrator being arranged to strike the striker (3) for ejection.
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