CN114670127A - Ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction method and device and ultrasonic shot blasting device - Google Patents
Ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction method and device and ultrasonic shot blasting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114670127A CN114670127A CN202011551068.0A CN202011551068A CN114670127A CN 114670127 A CN114670127 A CN 114670127A CN 202011551068 A CN202011551068 A CN 202011551068A CN 114670127 A CN114670127 A CN 114670127A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction method, an ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction device and an ultrasonic shot blasting device, wherein the ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction method comprises the following steps: A. acquiring the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal part; B. simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution according to the deformation requirement; C. comparing the calculated residual stress field distribution with residual stress field distributions stored in a database, judging whether residual stress field distributions meeting preset requirements exist in the database, and entering the step D if the residual stress field distributions exist; D. and C, searching the corresponding shot blasting intensity and shot blasting time from the database according to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement obtained in the step C. The ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction method and the ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction device can effectively solve the problems that ultrasonic shot blasting parameters are too many, efficient selection is difficult, and shot blasting time is difficult to accurately control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface treatment, in particular to an ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction method and device and an ultrasonic shot blasting device.
Background
The ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction technology is a novel surface shot blasting shape correction technology and has very wide engineering application. So far, due to the advantages of simple ultrasonic shot blasting process equipment and process control, environment-friendly process, low process cost and the like, the ultrasonic shot blasting process equipment and process control method is widely applied to the aerospace manufacturing industry, the automobile manufacturing industry and the like, such as aircraft wing skins, aluminum alloy hubs, automobile covering parts, oil tanks, rocket appearance wall plates and the like. Although a good shot blasting shape correction effect is obtained, due to the fact that ultrasonic shot blasting parameters are too many, efficient selection is difficult, shot blasting time is difficult to accurately control, and engineering application of an ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction technology is limited. Meanwhile, in practical engineering application, a reasonable technical means and a method are lacked for shot blasting shape correction of metal parts with complex shapes and asymmetric structures.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, a first object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic peening shape correction method and apparatus, which can effectively solve the problems of excessive ultrasonic peening parameters, difficulty in efficient selection, and difficulty in accurately controlling peening time, and a second object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic peening apparatus applying the ultrasonic peening shape correction method.
In order to achieve the first object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction method comprises the following steps:
A. acquiring the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal part;
B. simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution according to the deformation requirement;
C. comparing the calculated residual stress field distribution with residual stress field distributions stored in a database, judging whether residual stress field distributions meeting preset requirements exist in the database, if so, entering a step D, wherein the database stores the corresponding relation among the residual stress field distributions, shot blasting strength, shot blasting time and deformation of a test piece, and the material of the test piece is the same as that of the metal part;
D. and C, searching the corresponding shot blasting intensity and shot blasting time from the database according to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement obtained in the step C.
Preferably, step C is further followed by step C1:
if the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement exists in the database, judging whether the number of the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement in the database is greater than 1, if so, selecting one residual stress field distribution meeting the set requirement from the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement, and entering the step D;
if not, directly entering the step D.
Preferably, the database establishing method includes the steps of:
a. determining the relation between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting strengths;
b. simulating the actual working condition to obtain the residual stress field distribution under different shot blasting intensities and shot blasting times;
c. and storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field, the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece.
Preferably, in the step a, specifically:
measuring the relation between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting strengths by using an Almen measuring instrument;
taking the variable vector of the test piece as a longitudinal axis and the shot blasting time as a horizontal axis, and drawing saturation curves under different shot blasting intensities;
the step c is specifically as follows: and storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field, the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece and the saturation curves under different shot blasting intensities.
Preferably, in the step B, specifically:
and simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution by using finite element software according to the deformation requirement.
Preferably, the database further stores a corresponding relationship between a plurality of shot peening parameter combinations and shot peening intensity, wherein the shot peening parameter combinations include at least two of amplitude, striker material, striker diameter, striker-to-metal part surface distance and air pressure;
the step D is followed by a step E: and determining the shot blasting parameter combination according to the shot blasting intensity corresponding to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement searched from the database.
An ultrasonic peening shape correction apparatus comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal part;
the simulation module is used for simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution according to the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal component obtained by the acquisition module;
the first comparison module is used for comparing the calculated residual stress field distribution with residual stress field distributions stored in a database and screening out residual stress field distributions meeting preset requirements from the database, wherein the database stores corresponding relations among the residual stress field distributions, shot blasting strength, shot blasting time and deformation of a test piece, and the material of the test piece is the same as that of the metal part;
the first judgment module is used for receiving the structure of the first comparison module and judging whether residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement exists in a database;
and the first searching module is used for receiving the judgment result of the judging module, and searching the corresponding shot blasting intensity and shot blasting time from the database according to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement if the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement is judged to exist in the database.
Preferably, the device further comprises a second judging module and a selecting module;
the second judging module is used for judging the number of the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirements screened from the database;
the selection module is used for selecting one residual stress field distribution which meets the set requirement from a plurality of residual stress field distributions which meet the preset requirement.
Preferably, the system further comprises a second searching module which is used for searching the peening parameter combination from the database according to the peening intensity searched by the first module.
An ultrasonic peening apparatus to which the ultrasonic peening method of any one of the above is applied, comprising:
an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer;
the vibrator is connected with the ultrasonic transducer, and the rapping body is used for impacting the striker to eject the striker.
When the ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction method and the ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction device are applied, the shot blasting intensity and the shot blasting time can be efficiently determined by utilizing the database which stores the corresponding relation among the residual stress field distribution, the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece, so that the shot blasting parameters are efficiently selected according to the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time is accurately controlled, and the once shot blasting shape correction forming precision is high; it is suitable for metal parts of any size, shape and structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an ultrasonic shot peening method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an ultrasonic shot peening method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an ultrasonic shot peening method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an ultrasonic shot peening method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a database establishment method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a database building method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a saturation curve provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic peening apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of an ultrasonic shot peening method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of an ultrasonic peening method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of an ultrasonic peening apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic peening apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 11-12:
1-ultrasonic transducer, 2-vibrator, 3-striker.
Detailed Description
The first purpose of the invention is to provide an ultrasonic shot peening shape correcting method and device, which can effectively solve the problems of excessive ultrasonic shot peening parameters, difficult efficient selection and difficult accurate shot peening time control, and the second purpose of the invention is to provide an ultrasonic shot peening device applying the ultrasonic shot peening shape correcting method.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left" and "right", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the positions or elements referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and be operated, and thus are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the ultrasonic shot peening shape correction method provided by this embodiment includes the steps of:
s1, acquiring the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal part;
specifically, the deformation requirement of the metal surface can be obtained by calculation or detection.
S2, simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution according to the deformation requirement;
the required residual stress field distribution can be simulated and calculated by using finite element software according to the deformation requirement. Specifically, the deformation amount requirement of the surface of the metal component acquired in step S1 is input into the finite element software, and then the required residual stress field distribution is calculated by simulation of the deformation amount requirement of the surface of the metal component.
Of course, the required residual stress field distribution can also be calculated by simulation by other methods, which are not limited herein.
And S3, comparing the calculated residual stress field distribution with the residual stress field distribution stored in the database.
The residual stress field distribution required for the simulation calculation in step S2 is compared with the residual stress field distribution stored in the database.
It should be noted that the database stores the corresponding relationship among the distribution of the residual stress field, the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time, and the deformation of the test piece, and the material of the test piece is the same as that of the metal component. Namely, a plurality of groups of corresponding residual stress field distribution, shot blasting intensity, shot blasting time and test piece deformation are stored in the database. The distribution of the residual stress field, the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece corresponding to each group are specific values.
The database can be continuously updated and continuously supplemented so as to meet the judgment standard of specific industrial requirements.
S4, judging whether the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirements exists in the database, and if so, entering the step S5;
and judging whether the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement is stored in the database according to the comparison result in the step S3. The preset requirement may be set according to an actual requirement, for example, the preset requirement may be that the compressive stress is within a first preset range and/or the depth of the compressive stress layer is within a second preset range, which is not limited herein. The residual stress field distribution satisfying the preset requirement in this step is the same as or similar to the residual stress field distribution required by the simulation calculation in step S2.
And S5, according to the obtained residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement, finding out the corresponding shot blasting intensity and shot blasting time from the database.
Specifically, the residual stress field distribution satisfying the preset requirement in the database is obtained as the target residual stress field distribution in step S4, and the peening intensity and peening time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution are found from the database, so that the appropriate peening intensity and peening time can be determined finally.
When the ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction method provided by the invention is applied, the shot blasting intensity and the shot blasting time can be efficiently determined by utilizing the database storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field distribution, the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece, so that the shot blasting parameters can be efficiently selected according to the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time can be accurately controlled, and the one-time shot blasting shape correction forming precision is high; it is suitable for metal parts of any size, shape and structure.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the second embodiment further includes a step S40 after the step S4: and if the residual stress field distribution which meets the preset requirement is not distributed in the database, determining that the shape correction cannot be carried out.
Steps S1-S5 in the second embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and are not repeated herein.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 3, in the third embodiment, steps S41 and S42 are added after step S4 on the basis of the first embodiment or the second embodiment:
s41: judging whether the number of residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement in the database is greater than 1, if so, entering a step S42, otherwise, entering a step S5;
specifically, there may be a plurality of residual stress field distributions in the database meeting the predetermined requirement, or there may be a plurality of residual stress field distributions in the database that are the same as or similar to the residual stress field distribution required by the simulation calculation in step S2.
If the number of the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement in the database is not more than 1, the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement in the database are used as target residual stress field distributions, the shot blasting intensity and the shot blasting time corresponding to the target residual stress field distributions are searched from the database, and finally the appropriate shot blasting intensity and shot blasting time can be determined.
S42, selecting one residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement from the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement, and entering the step S5.
And if the number of the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement in the database is more than 1, selecting one residual stress field distribution meeting the set requirement from the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement as a target residual stress field distribution, and searching the shot blasting intensity and the shot blasting time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution from the database.
The setting requirement may be set according to an actual situation, for example, the setting requirement may be that the compressive stress is within a third preset range and/or the depth of the compressive stress layer is within a fourth preset range. The third preset range may be within the first preset range, and the fourth preset range may be within the second preset range. In other words, the residual stress field distribution closest to the residual stress field distribution required for the simulation calculation in step S2 is selected from among the plurality of residual stress field distributions satisfying the preset requirement, the selected residual stress field distribution closest to the residual stress field distribution required for the simulation calculation in step S2 is used as the target residual stress field distribution, and the shot peening intensity and the shot peening time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution are found from the database.
And S5, finding out the corresponding shot blasting intensity and shot blasting time from the database according to the obtained residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement.
Specifically, if the number of residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement in the database is not more than 1, the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement in the database are used as target residual stress field distributions, the peening intensity and the peening time corresponding to the target residual stress field distributions are searched from the database, and finally the appropriate peening intensity and peening time can be determined.
And if the number of the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement in the database is more than 1, selecting one residual stress field distribution meeting the set requirement from the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement as a target residual stress field distribution, and searching the shot blasting intensity and the shot blasting time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution from the database.
Example four
Optionally, the database further stores a corresponding relationship between a plurality of shot peening parameter combinations and shot peening intensity, wherein the shot peening parameter combinations include at least two of amplitude, striker material, striker diameter, striker-to-metal part surface distance, and air pressure. Each shot peening parameter combination includes specific values for at least two of amplitude, striker material, striker diameter, striker to metal part surface distance, and air pressure. When the shot strength corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution is found from the database, an appropriate combination of shot parameters can be selected according to the found shot strength.
As shown in fig. 4, in the fourth embodiment, a step S6 is added after the step S5 on the basis of the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment:
and determining the shot blasting parameter combination according to the shot blasting intensity corresponding to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement searched from the database.
That is, when finding the peening intensity corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution from the database, an appropriate peening parameter combination can be selected according to the found peening intensity, so that the peening parameter combination can be determined more efficiently.
As shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment provides a method for establishing a database, including the steps of:
sa, determining the relation between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting strengths;
preferably, the Almen measuring instrument can be used for measuring the relation between the deformation amount of the test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting strengths.
Specifically, the Almen measuring instrument can be used for measuring the deformation of the test piece at different shot blasting time under the condition of keeping the preset shot blasting intensity, so that the relation between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under the condition of keeping the preset shot blasting intensity is obtained. By changing the numerical value of the preset shot blasting intensity, the relation between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting intensities is obtained. And finally, obtaining the corresponding relation between the shot blasting strength, the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time.
The test piece can be an Almen test piece, and the material of the test piece is the same as that of the metal part.
Of course, the relationship between the deformation amount of the test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting strengths can be measured in other ways, and is not limited herein.
b. Simulating the actual working condition to obtain the residual stress field distribution under different shot blasting intensities and shot blasting times;
and simulating the actual working condition by using finite element software to obtain the residual stress field distribution of the test piece under different shot blasting strengths and shot blasting times. And finally, obtaining the corresponding relation among the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time and the residual stress field distribution of the test piece.
c. And storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field, the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece.
Namely, the corresponding relation among the residual stress field, the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece is stored.
As shown in fig. 6, in one embodiment,
sa, measuring the relation between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting strengths by using an Almen measuring instrument;
sa1, drawing saturation curves under different shot blasting intensities by taking the variable vector of the test piece as a longitudinal axis and shot blasting time as a horizontal axis;
and (C) Sc: and storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field, the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece and the saturation curves under different shot blasting intensities.
In Sa, an almen measuring instrument may be specifically used to measure the deformation of the test piece at different peening times while maintaining the preset peening intensity, so as to obtain the relationship between the deformation of the test piece and the peening time while maintaining the preset peening intensity. By changing the numerical value of the preset shot blasting intensity, the relation between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting intensities is obtained. And finally, obtaining the corresponding relation between the shot blasting strength, the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time.
As shown in fig. 7, in Sa1, a plurality of saturation curves can be obtained by changing the value of the shot intensity. The saturation curves obtained are different under different shot blasting strengths.
The Sc is specifically used for storing a corresponding relation among a storage residual stress field, shot blasting intensity, shot blasting time and deformation of the test piece and saturation curves under different shot blasting intensities. In other words, the residual stress field and the deformation amount stored in the database are distributed as the stored residual stress field and the deformation amount of the test piece, but the material of the test piece is the same as that of the metal component to be shot-blasted.
When the database further stores a corresponding relationship between a plurality of shot peening parameter combinations and shot peening intensities, the database method further includes:
sa 0: measuring the shot blasting intensity corresponding to the multiple groups of shot blasting parameter combinations;
shot strength corresponding to a plurality of sets of shot parameter combinations of the ultrasonic shot blasting device can be measured by using the Almen measuring instrument.
Sa1: and storing a plurality of groups of shot blasting parameter combinations and shot blasting intensities corresponding to each group of shot blasting parameter combinations.
As can be seen from the above, in the ultrasonic shot peening shape correction method, each shot peening parameter of the experimental apparatus is focused on the shot peening intensity parameter; determining the relation between the shot blasting time and the deformation amount under any shot blasting intensity by drawing a saturation curve; simulating the actual working condition through finite element software, and establishing a database of the corresponding relation between the distribution condition of the residual stress field and the shot blasting intensity, shot blasting time and deformation; in order to meet the requirement of the shape correction amount of the machined part, the distribution condition of the residual stress field corresponding to the required shape correction amount is simulated and calculated by using finite element software, and shot blasting parameters and corresponding shot blasting time can be determined by comparing and selecting in a database. The method not only improves the efficiency of selecting the shot blasting parameters, but also realizes the accurate control of the shot blasting time; meanwhile, the invention can select the optimal processing parameters according to the precision requirement of the processing piece; and the method for reversely selecting the shot blasting parameters through simulating and calculating the distribution condition of the residual stress field by using finite element software provides a feasible technical method for the shape correction of metal parts with asymmetric structures and complex shapes, can realize high precision, high efficiency and high adaptability of the ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction technology, obtains shot blasting surfaces with excellent surface quality, and can be widely applied to the field of metal shape correction.
EXAMPLE five
As shown in fig. 8, a fifth embodiment of the present invention discloses an ultrasonic peening shape correction apparatus, which includes a receiving module, a simulation module, a first comparison module, a first judgment module, and a first search module.
The acquisition module is used for acquiring the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal component. The simulation module is used for simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution according to the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal component obtained by the acquisition module. The simulation module may be finite element software, specifically, the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal component obtained in step S1 is input into the finite element software, and then the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal component is simulated and calculated. The simulation module may also be other software, and is not limited herein.
And the first comparison module is used for comparing the calculated residual stress field distribution with the residual stress field distribution stored in the database and screening out the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement from the database. The database stores the corresponding relation among the distribution of the residual stress field, the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece, and the material of the test piece is the same as that of the metal part. Namely, a plurality of groups of corresponding residual stress field distribution, shot blasting intensity, shot blasting time and test piece deformation are stored in the database. And the distribution of the residual stress field, the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece which correspond to each group are specific values.
The first judging module is used for receiving the structure of the first comparing module and judging whether the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement exists in the database. The preset requirement may be set according to an actual requirement, for example, the preset requirement may be that the compressive stress is within a first preset range and/or the depth of the compressive stress layer is within a second preset range, which is not limited herein. The residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement in the step is the residual stress field distribution which is the same as or similar to the residual stress field distribution required by the simulation calculation of the simulation module.
And the first searching module is used for receiving the judgment result of the judging module, and searching the corresponding shot blasting intensity and shot blasting time from the database according to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement if the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement is judged to exist in the database. Specifically, the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement in the database is used as the target residual stress field distribution, the peening intensity and the peening time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution are searched from the database, and finally the appropriate peening intensity and peening time can be determined.
When the ultrasonic shot blasting shape correction device provided by the invention is applied, the shot blasting intensity and the shot blasting time can be efficiently determined by utilizing the database storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field distribution, the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece, so that the shot blasting parameters can be efficiently selected according to the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time can be accurately controlled, and the one-time shot blasting shape correction forming precision is high; it is suitable for metal parts of any size, shape and structure.
EXAMPLE six
As shown in fig. 9, a sixth embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that a second determining module and a selecting module are further included. And the second judging module is used for judging the number of the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirements screened from the database. The selection module is used for selecting one residual stress field distribution which meets the set requirement from a plurality of residual stress field distributions which meet the preset requirement.
Specifically, there may be a plurality of residual stress field distributions in the database that meet the preset requirement, or there may be a plurality of residual stress field distributions in the database that are the same as or similar to the residual stress field distribution required by the simulation calculation of the simulation module.
If the number of the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement in the database is not more than 1, the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement in the database are used as target residual stress field distributions, the shot blasting intensity and the shot blasting time corresponding to the target residual stress field distributions are found out from the database, and finally the proper shot blasting intensity and the shot blasting time can be determined. If the number of the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement in the database is more than 1, the selection module selects one residual stress field distribution meeting the set requirement from the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement as a target residual stress field distribution, and searches the shot blasting intensity and the shot blasting time corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution from the database.
EXAMPLE seven
As shown in fig. 10, in the seventh embodiment, a second searching module is added to the fifth embodiment or the sixth embodiment, that is, the ultrasonic peening shape correction apparatus further includes a second searching module, which is configured to search a peening parameter combination from the database according to the peening intensity searched by the first module.
When the first searching module searches the peening intensity corresponding to the target residual stress field distribution from the database, the second searching module can select a proper peening parameter combination according to the searched peening intensity, so that the peening parameter combination can be determined more efficiently.
As shown in fig. 11 to 12, the present invention also provides an ultrasonic peening apparatus to which the ultrasonic peening method according to any one of the above embodiments is applied, including: an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic transducer 1, a vibrating body 2 and at least one striker 3. Wherein a vibrating body 2 is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 1 and the vibrating body is used to hit a striker 3 to eject it.
Specifically, the ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic transducer 1, the vibrating body 2, and the striker 3 are connected in this order. The ultrasonic generator is used for inputting high-frequency current into the ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasonic transducer is used for converting electric power input by the ultrasonic power supply into mechanical power of longitudinal wave vibration and transmitting the longitudinal wave vibration to the vibrating body 2. The vibrator body 2 is adapted to strike the striker 3 so that the striker 3 is ejected. The firing pin 3 has strong impact action on the surface of the metal part, generates microscopic plastic deformation on the surface of the metal part, implants favorable residual compressive stress and eliminates harmful residual tensile stress.
A horn may be disposed between the ultrasonic transducer 1 and the vibrator 2, and is not limited thereto.
The number of the ultrasonic generators, the ultrasonic transducers 1 and the vibrating bodies 2 can be multiple and correspond to one another, and each vibrating body 2 can be provided with a plurality of firing pins 3 correspondingly. So set up, improved peening efficiency greatly.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An ultrasonic shot peening shape correction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. acquiring the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal part;
B. simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution according to the deformation requirement;
C. comparing the calculated residual stress field distribution with residual stress field distributions stored in a database, judging whether residual stress field distributions meeting preset requirements exist in the database, if so, entering a step D, wherein the database stores the corresponding relation among the residual stress field distributions, shot blasting strength, shot blasting time and deformation of a test piece, and the material of the test piece is the same as that of the metal part;
D. and C, searching the corresponding shot blasting intensity and shot blasting time from the database according to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement obtained in the step C.
2. The ultrasonic shot peening method of claim 1, further comprising a step C1 after said step C:
if the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement exists in the database, judging whether the number of the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement in the database is greater than 1, if so, selecting one residual stress field distribution meeting the set requirement from the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirement, and entering the step D;
if not, directly entering the step D.
3. An ultrasonic peen profiling method according to claim 1, wherein the database creating method comprises the steps of:
a. determining the relation between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting strengths;
b. simulating the actual working condition to obtain the residual stress field distribution under different shot blasting intensities and shot blasting times;
c. and storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field, the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece.
4. An ultrasonic shot peening method according to claim 3, wherein the step a specifically includes:
measuring the relation between the deformation of the test piece and the shot blasting time under different shot blasting strengths by using an Almen measuring instrument;
taking the variable vector of the test piece as a longitudinal axis and the shot blasting time as a horizontal axis, and drawing saturation curves under different shot blasting intensities;
the step c is specifically as follows: and storing the corresponding relation among the residual stress field, the shot blasting intensity, the shot blasting time and the deformation of the test piece and the saturation curves under different shot blasting intensities.
5. An ultrasonic shot peening method according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, specifically:
and simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution by using finite element software according to the deformation requirement.
6. An ultrasonic peening method according to claim 1, wherein the database further stores a correspondence between a plurality of peening parameter combinations and peening intensities, the peening parameter combinations including at least two of amplitude, material of the striker, diameter of the striker, distance between the striker and the surface of the metal member, and air pressure;
the step D is followed by a step E: and determining the shot blasting parameter combination according to the shot blasting intensity corresponding to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement searched from the database.
7. An ultrasonic shot peening shape correction device, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal part;
the simulation module is used for simulating and calculating the required residual stress field distribution according to the deformation requirement of the surface of the metal component obtained by the acquisition module;
the first comparison module is used for comparing the calculated residual stress field distribution with residual stress field distributions stored in a database and screening out residual stress field distributions meeting preset requirements from the database, wherein the database stores corresponding relations among the residual stress field distributions, shot blasting strength, shot blasting time and deformation of a test piece, and the material of the test piece is the same as that of the metal part;
the first judgment module is used for receiving the structure of the first comparison module and judging whether residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement exists in a database;
and the first searching module is used for receiving the judgment result of the judging module, and searching the corresponding shot blasting intensity and shot blasting time from the database according to the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement if the residual stress field distribution meeting the preset requirement is judged to exist in the database.
8. The ultrasonic peening apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a second judging module and a selecting module;
the second judging module is used for judging the number of the residual stress field distributions meeting the preset requirements screened from the database;
the selection module is used for selecting one residual stress field distribution which meets the set requirement from a plurality of residual stress field distributions which meet the preset requirement.
9. An ultrasonic peening apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a second lookup module for looking up a peening parameter combination from the database based on the peening intensity looked up by the first module.
10. An ultrasonic shot-peening apparatus to which the ultrasonic shot-peening method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is applied, comprising:
an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer (1);
the device comprises a vibrating body (2) and at least one striker (3), wherein the vibrating body (2) is connected with the ultrasonic transducer (1), and the rapping body is used for impacting the striker (3) to eject the striker.
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