CN114669766B - Telescopic main shaft cooling structure - Google Patents
Telescopic main shaft cooling structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114669766B CN114669766B CN202210396891.1A CN202210396891A CN114669766B CN 114669766 B CN114669766 B CN 114669766B CN 202210396891 A CN202210396891 A CN 202210396891A CN 114669766 B CN114669766 B CN 114669766B
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- Prior art keywords
- main shaft
- sleeve
- spiral
- oil
- cooling structure
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
- B23Q11/126—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only
- B23Q11/127—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only for cooling motors or spindles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a telescopic main shaft cooling structure, which belongs to the field of machine tools and comprises a shaft sleeve and a rotary main shaft, wherein the rotary main shaft can axially move relative to the shaft sleeve, the rotary main shaft can also be matched with the shaft sleeve to circumferentially rotate along with the shaft sleeve, the rotary main shaft comprises a main shaft main body, the telescopic main shaft cooling structure further comprises a spiral sleeve, the spiral sleeve is arranged inside the main shaft main body, spiral grooves are arranged on the outer surface of the spiral sleeve, the number of the spiral grooves is at least two, the at least two spiral grooves are arranged at intervals and have staggered initial positions, the tail ends of the at least two spiral grooves are communicated, a cooling oil duct is formed between each spiral groove and the inner wall of the main shaft main body, and the at least two cooling oil ducts are communicated with the main shaft main body for cooling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a machine tool, in particular to a telescopic main shaft cooling structure.
Background
In the process of high-speed rotation of the machine tool spindle, the temperature of the spindle is increased due to the influence of various heat source factors such as friction in the bearing, friction between gear pairs, heating of the spindle motor, cutting heat and the like. Because metals have the characteristics of thermal expansion and contraction, when the temperature is increased, the main shaft of the machine tool is deformed, and particularly the main shaft of the machine tool is stretched in the axial direction most obviously, which seriously affects the machining precision of the machine tool. In order to ensure that the machine tool has higher machining precision, a cooling technology is required to control the temperature of the spindle within a constant range. However, the telescopic main shaft has the functions of rotation and expansion at the same time, so that the cooling oil path structure is complex, and the main shaft cooling problem of the structure becomes a great technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a structure capable of cooling a main shaft with rotation and expansion functions, and the expansion main shaft cooling structure has a simple integral structure.
One of the purposes of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a flexible main shaft cooling structure, includes axle sleeve and rotatory main shaft, rotatory main shaft can be relative axle sleeve axial displacement, rotatory main shaft can also with the axle sleeve cooperation is followed axle sleeve circumference rotates, rotatory main shaft includes the main shaft main part, flexible main shaft cooling structure still includes the spiral shell, the spiral shell install in inside the main shaft main part, the spiral shell surface is equipped with the helicla flute, the quantity of helicla flute is two at least the helicla flute interval sets up and the initial position dislocation, two at least the terminal intercommunication of helicla flute, each the helicla flute with the inner wall of main shaft main part forms a cooling oil duct, two at least the cooling oil duct intercommunication is the main shaft main part cools down.
Further, the spiral sleeve is of a hollow structure.
Further, the telescopic main shaft cooling structure further comprises a broaching mechanism, and the broaching mechanism is partially installed in the spiral sleeve.
Further, the telescopic main shaft cooling structure further comprises a screw sleeve, the end part of the screw sleeve is in threaded connection with the screw sleeve, one end of the screw sleeve is tightly pressed with a shaft shoulder of an inner hole of the main shaft main body, the other end of the screw sleeve is tightly pressed with a butterfly-shaped spring of the broach mechanism, and the screw sleeve, the screw sleeve and the main shaft main body synchronously rotate due to friction moment generated by pressure of the butterfly-shaped spring.
Further, the main shaft main body is provided with an oil inlet, an oil inlet passage, an oil return port and an oil return passage, the oil inlet is communicated with the oil inlet passage, the oil return port is communicated with the oil return passage, and the oil inlet passage and the oil return passage are respectively communicated with the cooling oil passage.
Further, the telescopic main shaft cooling structure further comprises a connecting assembly and a bearing seat, the main shaft body is installed on the bearing seat through the connecting assembly, and the bearing seat drives the main shaft body to axially move relative to the shaft sleeve.
Further, the connecting assembly comprises an outer spacer ring, an inner spacer ring and a retainer ring, wherein the inner spacer ring is arranged inside the outer spacer ring, the outer spacer ring is in contact with the bearing seat, the inner spacer ring is in contact with the main shaft main body, the outer spacer ring and the inner spacer ring are respectively provided with an oil guide groove and an oil through hole, the oil guide groove of the inner spacer ring is communicated with the oil inlet of the main shaft main body, and the oil guide groove of the outer spacer ring is communicated with the oil inlet part of the bearing seat.
Further, the number of the spiral grooves is two, the two spiral grooves are a first spiral groove and a second spiral groove respectively, and the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove are staggered.
Further, the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove have the same diameter.
Further, the pitches of the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove are the same.
Compared with the prior art, the telescopic main shaft cooling structure further comprises the spiral sleeve, the spiral sleeve is arranged inside the main shaft main body, the spiral grooves are formed in the outer surface of the spiral sleeve, the number of the spiral grooves is at least two, the at least two spiral grooves are arranged at intervals and the starting positions are staggered, the tail ends of the at least two spiral grooves are communicated, each spiral groove and the inner wall of the main shaft main body form a cooling oil duct, and the at least two cooling oil ducts are communicated to cool the main shaft main body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a telescopic spindle cooling structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the telescopic spindle cooling structure A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the telescopic spindle cooling structure B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a main shaft body of the telescopic main shaft cooling structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a spacer assembly of the telescopic spindle cooling structure of FIG. 1;
Fig. 6 is a front view of a screw sleeve of the telescopic spindle cooling structure of fig. 1.
In the figure: 10. a shaft sleeve; 20. rotating the main shaft; 21. a taper sleeve; 22. a main shaft main body; 220. an oil inlet; 221. an oil inlet passage; 222. an oil return port; 223. an oil return passage; 30. a connecting key; 40. a bearing seat; 41. an oil inlet part; 50. a connection assembly; 51. a gland; 52. a bearing set; 53. a spacer assembly; 530. an outer spacer; 531. an inner spacer; 532. a retainer ring; 533. an inner seal ring; 534. an outer seal ring; 60. a spiral sleeve; 61. a spiral groove; 610. a first helical groove; 611. a second helical groove; 62. a first end; 63. a second end; 70. a screw sleeve; 80. a broaching mechanism; 90. cooling oil duct; 91. the first cooling oil duct; 92. and the second cooling oil duct.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be present as another intermediate element through which the element is fixed. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Fig. 1 to 6 show a telescopic spindle cooling structure according to the present invention, which includes a shaft sleeve 10, a rotary spindle 20, a connection key 30, a bearing housing 40, a connection assembly 50, a screw sleeve 60, a screw sleeve 70, and a broaching mechanism 80.
The shaft sleeve 10 is rotatably installed inside the spindle box.
The rotary spindle 20 is mounted inside the sleeve 10, and the rotary spindle 20 is coaxially disposed with the sleeve 10. The rotary main shaft 20 is axially slidable with respect to the sleeve 10. The rotary spindle 20 includes a cone sleeve 21 and a spindle body 22, and the cone sleeve 21 is fixed to an end of the spindle body 22.
The main shaft body 22 is provided with an oil inlet 220, an oil inlet passage 221, an oil return port 222, and an oil return passage 223. The oil inlet 220 communicates with an oil inlet passage 221, and the oil return port 222 communicates with an oil return passage 223. The oil inlet 220 and the oil return port 222 are located at the end of the main shaft body 22, and the oil inlet passage 221 and the oil return passage 223 are located at the rear section of the main shaft body 22. The oil intake passage 221 and the oil return passage 223 communicate with the spiral groove 61 of the spiral sleeve 60.
The connecting key 30 is used for matching the rotating main shaft 20 with the shaft sleeve 10, so that the shaft sleeve 10 drives the rotating main shaft 20 to rotate. Specifically, an elongated key groove parallel to the axis is formed in the outer circumference of the main shaft body 22 of the rotary main shaft 20, a connecting key 30 is installed between the shaft sleeve 10 and the elongated key groove of the main shaft body 22, and the rotary main shaft 20 can rotate along with the shaft sleeve 10 by the action of the connecting key 30.
The bearing housing 40 is provided with an oil inlet portion 41, and the oil inlet portion 41 corresponds to the spacer ring assembly 53 of the connection assembly 50. The oil inlet portion 41 is used for entering cooling oil, and the cooling oil entering the oil inlet portion 41 enters the oil inlet passage 221 of the main shaft main body 22 with the passing space ring assembly 53.
The connection assembly 50 includes a gland 51, a bearing set 52, and a spacer ring assembly 53. The gland 51, the bearing group 52, and the spacer ring assembly 53 are disposed in this order in the axial direction. The connection assembly 50 is mounted between the main shaft body 22 and the bearing housing 40. Spacer ring assembly 53 includes an outer spacer ring 530, an inner spacer ring 531, a retainer ring 532, an inner seal ring 533, and an outer seal ring 534. The inner spacer 531 is located inside the outer spacer 530 and the retainer ring 532 is located on the sides of the outer and inner spacers 530 and 531 and between the outer and inner spacers 530 and 531. The outer spacer ring 530 contacts the bearing housing 40, and the outer seal ring 534 is located between the outer spacer ring 530 and the inner wall of the bearing housing 40, and plays a role in sealing. The outer spacer 530 is provided with an oil guide groove corresponding to the oil inlet portion 41 and an oil passing hole through which the cooling oil introduced from the oil inlet portion 41 enters. The inner spacer 531 contacts the outer surface of the main shaft body 22, and the inner seal ring 533 is located between the main shaft body 22 and the inner spacer 531, and functions as a seal. The inner spacer 531 is provided with an oil guide groove and an oil passing hole, the oil guide groove is communicated with the oil inlet 220 of the main shaft body 22, and cooling oil of the outer spacer 530 enters the oil inlet duct 221 of the main shaft body 22 through the inner spacer 531.
The screw sleeve 60 is of a hollow structure, and the broach mechanism 80 is installed inside the screw sleeve 60. A screw sleeve 60 is mounted inside the main shaft body 22. The outer surface of the spiral sleeve 60 is provided with a plurality of spiral grooves 61, the number of the spiral grooves 61 is plural, the plurality of spiral grooves 61 and the inner wall of the main shaft main body 22 form a plurality of cooling oil channels 90, and the plurality of cooling oil channels 90 are communicated to cool the main shaft main body 22. Specifically, the number of the spiral grooves 61 is two, and the two spiral grooves 61 are the first spiral groove 610 and the second spiral groove 611, respectively. The first and second spiral grooves 610 and 611 are spaced apart and the start positions are offset. The first spiral groove 610 and the second spiral groove 611 are in end communication, the first spiral groove 610 and the inner wall of the main shaft body 22 form a first cooling oil duct 91, and the second spiral groove 611 and the inner wall of the main shaft body 22 form a second cooling oil duct 92. One end of the first cooling oil passage 91 communicates with the oil inlet passage 221, and the other end communicates with the second cooling oil passage 92. The second cooling oil passage 92 communicates with the return oil passage 223. The first helical groove 610 and the second helical groove 611 have the same diameter, the same pitch, and the same direction, but the initial positions are offset. The first helical groove 610 and the second helical groove 611 are connected only at the front end, and are spaced apart from each other at other positions. The screw sleeve 60 includes a first end 62 and a second end 63. The first spiral groove 610 and the second spiral groove 611 are offset from each other at the first end 62 and communicate with each other at the second end 63.
The screw sleeve 70 is screw-coupled with the screw sleeve 60. One end of the screw sleeve 70 is tightly pressed against the shoulder of the inner hole of the main shaft body 22, the other end is tightly pressed against the butterfly spring of the broach mechanism 80, and the screw sleeve 70 and the screw sleeve 60 are synchronously rotated with the main shaft body 22 by friction moment generated by the pressure of the butterfly spring.
The broaching mechanism 80 is mounted inside the main shaft body 22 and penetrates the main shaft body 22. The broaching mechanism 80 is disposed inside the spiral sleeve 60 at the overlapping portion of the broaching mechanism 80 and the spiral sleeve 60.
When the rotary main shaft 20 is in use, the bearing seat 40 drives the rotary main shaft 20 to move in the axial direction relative to the shaft sleeve 10 through the connecting component 50. The connecting key 30 enables the rotary main shaft 20 to be matched with the shaft sleeve 10, and the shaft sleeve 10 drives the rotary main shaft 20 to rotate.
When the rotary main shaft 20 is cooled, constant temperature oil flows in from the oil inlet 41 of the bearing seat 40, flows into the oil inlet 220 of the main shaft main body 22 through the outer spacer ring 530 and the inner spacer ring 531 of the spacer ring assembly 53, enters the first cooling oil passage 91 formed by the first spiral groove 610 of the spiral sleeve 60 through the oil inlet passage 221 of the main shaft main body 22, flows to the second cooling oil passage 92 through the oil return passage 223, and flows back to the main shaft box from the oil return port 222. The cooling oil in the main spindle box is pumped back to the oil cooler through the oil pump, and is conveyed to the oil inlet part 41 of the bearing seat 40 after being cooled by the oil cooler, so that constant-temperature oil circulation is realized.
Through the design, the structure of the main shaft body 22 is not required to be changed while the main shaft 20 is cooled, the rigidity and the strength of the main shaft body 22 are not damaged, and the whole structure is simple and the cost is low.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, which are equivalent to the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the present invention, and these are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a flexible main shaft cooling structure, includes axle sleeve and rotatory main shaft, rotatory main shaft can be relative axle sleeve axial displacement, rotatory main shaft can also with the axle sleeve cooperation is along with axle sleeve circumference rotates, its characterized in that: the rotary main shaft comprises a main shaft main body, the telescopic main shaft cooling structure further comprises a spiral sleeve, the spiral sleeve is installed inside the main shaft main body, the outer surface of the spiral sleeve is provided with spiral grooves, the number of the spiral grooves is at least two, at least two spiral grooves are arranged at intervals and the starting positions are staggered, at least two spiral grooves are communicated at the tail ends, each spiral groove is communicated with the inner wall of the main shaft main body to form a cooling oil duct, at least two cooling oil ducts are communicated with the main shaft main body to cool, the main shaft main body is provided with an oil inlet, an oil inlet oil duct, an oil return port and an oil return oil duct, the oil inlet is communicated with the oil inlet oil duct, the oil return port is communicated with the oil return duct, and the oil inlet oil duct is respectively communicated with the cooling oil duct.
2. The telescopic spindle cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein: the spiral sleeve is of a hollow structure.
3. The telescopic spindle cooling structure according to claim 2, wherein: the telescopic main shaft cooling structure further comprises a broaching mechanism, and the broaching mechanism is partially installed in the spiral sleeve.
4. A telescopic spindle cooling structure according to claim 3, wherein: the telescopic main shaft cooling structure further comprises a screw sleeve, the end part of the screw sleeve is in threaded connection with the screw sleeve, one end of the screw sleeve is tightly pressed with a shaft shoulder of an inner hole of the main shaft main body, the other end of the screw sleeve is tightly pressed with a butterfly-shaped spring of the broach mechanism, and the screw sleeve, the screw sleeve and the main shaft main body synchronously rotate due to friction torque generated by pressure of the butterfly-shaped spring.
5. The telescopic spindle cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein: the telescopic main shaft cooling structure further comprises a connecting assembly and a bearing seat, wherein the main shaft body is installed on the bearing seat through the connecting assembly, and the bearing seat drives the main shaft body to axially move relative to the shaft sleeve.
6. The telescopic spindle cooling structure according to claim 5, wherein: the connecting assembly comprises an outer spacer ring, an inner spacer ring and a retainer ring, wherein the inner spacer ring is arranged inside the outer spacer ring, the outer spacer ring is in contact with the bearing seat, the inner spacer ring is in contact with the main shaft body, the outer spacer ring and the inner spacer ring are respectively provided with an oil guide groove and an oil through hole, the oil guide grooves of the inner spacer ring are communicated with the oil inlet of the main shaft body, and the oil guide grooves of the outer spacer ring are communicated with the oil inlet part of the bearing seat.
7. The telescopic spindle cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the spiral grooves is two, the two spiral grooves are a first spiral groove and a second spiral groove respectively, and the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove are staggered.
8. The telescopic spindle cooling structure of claim 7, wherein: the first helical groove and the second helical groove have the same diameter.
9. The telescopic spindle cooling structure of claim 7, wherein: the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove have the same pitch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210396891.1A CN114669766B (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Telescopic main shaft cooling structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210396891.1A CN114669766B (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Telescopic main shaft cooling structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114669766A CN114669766A (en) | 2022-06-28 |
| CN114669766B true CN114669766B (en) | 2024-05-17 |
Family
ID=82077164
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210396891.1A Active CN114669766B (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Telescopic main shaft cooling structure |
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| CN (1) | CN114669766B (en) |
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| CN111421150A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-07-17 | 章杰 | High-precision liquid static pressure spindle |
| CN211508751U (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-09-15 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Electric spindle structure with internal cooling function |
| CN113305621A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-27 | 意特利（滁州）智能数控科技有限公司 | Unclamping cutter mechanism and five-axis head electric spindle |
| CN113483024A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-08 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Sliding sleeve structure and electric spindle |
| CN215237937U (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-12-21 | 武汉市中汉精密机械有限公司 | Spindle assembly of high-speed boring machine with loosening cutter oil cylinder center water outlet |
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2022
- 2022-04-15 CN CN202210396891.1A patent/CN114669766B/en active Active
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| CN205147334U (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2016-04-13 | 上海福亚精密机械有限公司 | Two -pass cooling electricity main shaft structure |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114669766A (en) | 2022-06-28 |
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