CN114669699A - Torsion shaft manufacturing method - Google Patents
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- CN114669699A CN114669699A CN202210293392.XA CN202210293392A CN114669699A CN 114669699 A CN114669699 A CN 114669699A CN 202210293392 A CN202210293392 A CN 202210293392A CN 114669699 A CN114669699 A CN 114669699A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a torsion shaft, which comprises the following specific steps: annealing, namely heating the rudiment torsion shaft to the temperature of 450-550 ℃ of the first temperature, and annealing to remove the stress of the rudiment torsion shaft; preheating, namely heating the embryonic torsion shaft to 710-790 ℃ of a second temperature at a first heating rate of 3-6 ℃/s; quenching, namely heating the rudiment torsion shaft to 840-890 ℃ of a third temperature at a second heating rate of 1-2 ℃/s, and quenching the rudiment torsion shaft; cooling, namely cooling the temperature of the rudiment torsion shaft to 40-60 ℃ of the fourth temperature, and then preserving heat for 4-6h for the second time; and tempering, namely heating the rudiment torsion shaft to the temperature of 220-400 ℃ of the fifth temperature, and performing tempering treatment to obtain the formed torsion shaft. The torsion shaft manufactured by the invention has good surface stress distribution, higher strength and fatigue life, not only improves the material performance and the fatigue strength, but also saves the processing procedure and the material and labor force.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of machining, in particular to a method for manufacturing a torsion shaft.
Background
The torsion shaft is an elastic part in a vehicle suspension device, one end of the shaft is fixed in a vehicle body, and the other end of the shaft is fixed in a balance elbow, so when the vehicle runs and encounters an obstacle, the balance elbow rotates to twist the torsion shaft, and the vehicle is weakened in impact and vibration due to the twisting of the shaft.
The traditional manufacturing process of the torsion shaft comprises the working procedures of forging, machining, heat treatment and subsequent finish machining. The traditional heat treatment is quenching treatment after continuously heating to a certain high temperature, the quenching temperature is up to 890 ℃, the energy waste is great, and the operation risk is high due to the fact that the steel plate is in the high temperature for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a torsion shaft, which has the advantages of good surface stress distribution, higher strength and fatigue life, improved material performance and fatigue strength, energy conservation and improved operation safety.
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a torsion shaft, which comprises the following specific steps:
annealing, namely heating the rudiment torsion shaft to the temperature of 450-550 ℃ of the first temperature, and annealing to remove the stress of the rudiment torsion shaft;
preheating, namely heating the embryonic torsion shaft to 710-790 ℃ of a second temperature at a first heating rate of 3-6 ℃/s;
quenching, namely heating the rudiment torsion shaft to 840-890 ℃ of a third temperature at a second heating rate of 1-2 ℃/s, and quenching the rudiment torsion shaft;
cooling, namely cooling the temperature of the rudiment torsion shaft to 40-60 ℃ of the fourth temperature, and then preserving heat for 4-6h for the second time;
tempering, heating the rudiment torsion shaft to the temperature of 220-400 ℃ of the fifth temperature, carrying out tempering treatment,
and obtaining the molded torsion shaft.
Further, cold rolling, namely cold rolling the blank rod to form a rudiment torsion shaft.
Furthermore, the upsetting treatment is carried out on the rudiment torsion shaft after the cold rolling.
Further, after the rudiment torsion shaft is annealed, first straightening treatment is carried out on the rudiment torsion shaft.
Furthermore, when the rudiment torsion shaft is quenched, oil quenching is adopted.
Further, after the rudiment torsion shaft is heated to a third temperature, the temperature is kept for 1-2 hours for the first time, and quenching is carried out.
Further, after the rudiment torsion shaft is tempered, second straightening treatment is carried out to obtain the torsion shaft.
Further, the blank rod is made of alloy steel of 45 CrNiMoVA.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the material performance is improved by a two-stage heat treatment mode, the fatigue strength is obviously improved, the material performance and the fatigue strength are improved, and the energy is saved and the operation safety is improved.
It should be understood that the statements herein reciting aspects are not intended to limit the critical or essential features of any embodiment of the invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
The above and other features, advantages and aspects of various embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent by referring to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like or similar reference characters designate like or similar elements, and wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a cold rolling apparatus of the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the completed twist-axle of the present embodiment;
wherein, the correspondence between the reference numbers and the component names in fig. 1 to 2 is:
1 roller, 2 blank rod, 3 driven clamping shaft, 4 driving shaft and 5 finished torsion shaft.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In addition, the term "and/or" herein is only one kind of association relationship describing the association object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
[ embodiment ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
A method of manufacturing a torsion shaft according to the present preferred embodiment will be described below with reference to fig. 1, including: preparing materials: selecting a blank rod material with alloy steel of 45CrNiMoVA, and sawing the blank rod according to the length requirement of the torsion shaft to obtain a pretreated blank rod; cold rolling preparation: placing the pretreated blank rod into a cold rolling device: placing a blank rod between two symmetrically arranged rollers, wherein the two rollers are close to and clamp the blank rod, and two ends of the blank rod are respectively connected with a driven clamping shaft and a driving shaft; cold rolling and forming: the driving shaft moves back and forth along the axis, the blank rod moves back and forth along the driving shaft in a roller clamping state, the blank rod deforms and extends to the required final length, and the rollers are loosened to obtain a rudiment torsion shaft; the length of the driven clamping shaft is shortened along with the extension of the blank rod; rough machining: upsetting both ends of the rudiment torsion shaft; annealing: heating the rudiment torsion shaft to the temperature of 450-550 ℃ of the first temperature, and annealing to remove the stress of the rudiment torsion shaft; straightening for the first time: performing primary straightening after annealing; preheating: heating the embryonic torsion shaft to 710-790 ℃ of a second temperature at a first heating rate of 3-6 ℃/s; quenching: heating the rudiment torsion shaft to 840-890 ℃ of a third temperature at a second heating rate of 1-2 ℃/s, quenching the rudiment torsion shaft, and preserving heat for 1-2h for the first time; and (3) cooling: cooling the temperature of the rudiment torsion shaft to 40-60 ℃ of the fourth temperature, and then preserving heat for 4-6h for the second time; tempering: and heating the rudiment torsion shaft to the temperature of 220-400 ℃ of the fifth temperature, and performing tempering treatment to obtain the formed torsion shaft.
In order to obtain a torsion shaft with higher service strength, the finished product processing is further carried out: and (3) straightening and spline processing the formed torsion shaft for the second time, and finally pre-twisting to form plastic deformation to obtain the finished torsion shaft as shown in figure 2.
The finished torsion shaft obtained by the above treatment has improved and well-balanced mechanical properties in terms of hardness, yield hardness, tensile strength, elongation after fracture, end face shrinkage, impact absorption energy, and the like.
In order to ensure that the torsion shaft has better weather resistance, the finished torsion shaft can be further subjected to surface treatment procedures such as grinding, phosphorization and the like,
in the above preferred embodiment, the upsetting process is performed according to the length of the torsion-beam product and the spline specification requirement: and (4) feeding the rudiment torsion shaft into an upsetting machine, and setting the upsetting shrinkage for upsetting.
In the above preferred embodiment, the quenching treatment is performed by oil quenching, but may be performed by another method.
In the above preferred embodiment, the pre-twisting: the formed torsion shaft is strongly twisted at 80-90 degrees for three times continuously, so that the plastic deformation reaches 20-30 degrees. The pre-twisting is also used to check the surface quality of the torsion shaft after heat treatment and the effect of various surface strengthening processes.
In the preferred embodiment described above, the blank bar stock material is between 40 and 50mm phi. The selection of the blank rod is selected according to the cold rolling equipment and actual requirements.
In the above preferred embodiment, the variation of cold rolling deformation of the blank bar to the torsion shaft is 20 to 50%.
In the preferred embodiment, the performance of the torsion shaft can be improved by annealing at the temperature of 450-550 ℃ of the first temperature, the plasticity of the metal material can be increased by 40-60%, and the cycle life can be increased by 50-65%. The performance is increased because the structural state of the martensite is changed, the dispersity and the homogeneity of the martensite are increased, and the original carbide is more easily and completely dissolved due to the structural change in the cold deformation and the subsequent multilateralization process;
annealing at a first temperature below 450 ℃ reduces the performance of the torsion shaft: the plasticity of the torsion shaft is reduced by 30%, and the cycle life is reduced by 50%, which is caused by the formation of coarse structures at the edges of crystals and the reduction of dispersion;
annealing at a first temperature above 550 ℃ reduces the performance of the torsion shaft: the plasticity of the torsion shaft is reduced by 18%, and the cycle life is reduced by 40%, which is caused by the recrystallization of the cold-deformed metal.
In the above preferred embodiment, the heat treatment is carried out at a heating rate of two stages, the first stage being heated to a second temperature at a first heating rate of 3-5 ℃/s, and the second stage being heated from the second temperature to a third temperature at a second heating rate of 1-2 ℃/s;
when the steel billet is heated to the second temperature, the high-speed heating in the first stage is carried out at a first heating rate of 3-5 ℃/s, and the recrystallization growth tendency of the steel billet particles after cold plastic deformation is effectively eliminated:
when the first heating rate is lower than 3 ℃/s, the recrystallization process of the cold deformation metal is developed, and the strength and the hardness of the cold deformation metal are obviously reduced;
when the first heating rate is higher than 6 ℃/s, the heating rate is too high, the surface temperature is higher than the core temperature, and the temperature uniformity of the cross section of the torsion shaft cannot be ensured;
heating from the second temperature to a third temperature at a second heating rate of 1-2 ℃/s to ensure uniform heating and uniform structure along the torsion shaft cross-section:
at the second heating rate lower than 1 ℃/s, the torsion shaft not only decreases in elastic characteristics and increases in difference in growth of austenite grains (collective recrystallization), but also significantly decreases in temperature throughout the entire portion due to intensive heat loss from the surface of the layer; in addition, subsequent grinding is needed under the conditions of low heating rate, part surface decarburization and deep surface decarburized layer, but the grinding process can cause residual tensile stress on the surface of the torsion shaft and reduce the service life of the torsion shaft;
at second heating rates in excess of 2 ℃/s, too high a rate can result in a reduction in elastic properties and plasticity during torsion on the torsion shaft. The production of homogeneous austenite cannot be ensured due to incomplete dissolution of the original carbides, which leads to the formation of a large amount of layered martensite and an increase in the degree of heterogeneity thereof.
In the preferred embodiment described above, the heat treatment is performed at a specific two-stage heating rate to provide a uniform martensitic structure along the cross-section of the torsion shaft, and the torsion shaft can be heat treated and formed for a variety of alloy steels to achieve good mechanical properties, preferably using a blank rod material of alloy steel 45 CrNiMoVA.
Examples and comparative examples
According to the method of manufacturing a torsion shaft according to the preferred embodiment, the torsion shafts of the examples and comparative examples were manufactured using 45CrNiMoVA alloy steel as a raw rod material to determine the influence of different temperatures and heating rates on the mechanical properties of the manufactured torsion shafts.
The results of performance index tests for torsion shafts under different temperature and heating rate manufacturing conditions are shown in Table 1 below, with reference to examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-2 of Table 1:
sawing by using a blank rod with the diameter of 40mm to obtain a blank rod with the length of 1680 mm; the specific manufacturing method comprises the following steps: heating to a second temperature at a first heating rate, heating to a third temperature at a second heating rate, carrying out heat preservation at a fourth temperature of 50 ℃ for 1.5h within a first heat preservation time, carrying out heat preservation at a fifth temperature for 5h within a second heat preservation time, and carrying out tempering at the fifth temperature; the comprehensive performance of various performance indexes of the finally formed torsion shaft is shown in table 1.
[ TABLE 1 ]
As can be seen from Table 1, in examples 1 to 6, it can be seen that the torsion beam had a good appearance and no decarburization occurred, and the performance index data thereof are as follows: the hardness is 53-56 HRC; the yield hardness is 1530-1600 MPa; the tensile strength is 1830-1900 MPa; the elongation after fracture is 6-8%; the end face shrinkage is 17-20%; the impact absorption energy is 15-17J, the mechanical properties are good and improved in all aspects, and the balance is excellent.
Specifically, the torsion shaft manufacturing process of embodiment 3 is as follows: heating to a second temperature of 745 ℃ using a first heating rate of 5 ℃/s and to a third temperature of 860 ℃ using a second heating rate of 1.5 ℃/s, resulting in performance data: the hardness is 56 HRC; the yield hardness is 1600 MPa; the tensile strength is 1900 MPa; elongation after fracture is 8%; the end face shrinkage rate is 20%; the impact absorption energy was 17J, and it can be seen that example 3 is the most preferable embodiment and the mechanical properties are good in all respects, as compared with other embodiments.
In example 4, the torsion shaft manufactured in example 3 was degraded in performance to a different extent by using the same first heating rate and second heating rate as in example 3, and it was found that the heating temperature has an important influence on the manufacture of the torsion shaft.
In example 2, the torsion shaft manufactured in example 2 was also degraded to a different degree by using the same second temperature and third temperature, but using different first heating rate and second heating rate, as compared with example 3, and it was found that the heating rate directly affected the internal structure of the torsion shaft, causing a change in the performance thereof.
By varying the heating temperature and heating rate between examples 1-6, torsion shafts were obtained that varied in performance, but were within the performance requirements (according to national, industry, etc.) substantially without failing quality torsion shafts.
However, in comparative example 1, in the case where the preheating temperature (second temperature) is less than 710 ℃ and the quenching temperature (third temperature) is less than 840 ℃, the decarburization phenomenon occurs on the surface of the torsion shaft, the appearance of the torsion shaft is affected, and the yield hardness, the section elongation, and the shrinkage rate all show a tendency to be significantly reduced;
comparative example 2 in the case where the preheating temperature (second temperature) was higher than 790 ℃ and the quenching temperature (third temperature) was higher than 890 ℃, although no decarburization occurred on the torsion shaft surface, the appearance was good, the yield hardness reached a level of 1580MPa, which was equivalent to that of example 4, but the hardness, tensile strength, and section elongation tended to decrease significantly;
comparative example 3 in the case where the preheating temperature (second temperature) was lower than 710 c and the quenching temperature (third temperature) was 840-890 c, although no decarburization occurred on the torsion shaft surface, other properties tended to be significantly decreased.
As can be seen from table 1, in examples 1 to 6, compared with comparative examples 1 to 2, the same processing method is adopted, and only when the first heating temperature, the second heating temperature and the fifth heating temperature are both increased or decreased, each index of the torsion shaft tends to decrease, so that it is determined that in the two-stage heating process, the higher the heating temperature in the first stage and the second stage is, the better the heating temperature in the first stage and the second stage is, the temperature difference in the two stages also needs to reach a certain balance, the torsion shaft with good performance can be obtained, and the temperature directly affects the change of the internal structure of the metal, thereby affecting the overall performance. Therefore, the manufacturing method of the invention improves the comprehensive performance of the torsion shaft, saves more energy and is easier to realize.
In the above embodiment, the torsion shaft is manufactured by cold rolling and forming using a cold rolling apparatus, where the cold rolling apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, includes: the roller 1, the driven clamping shaft 3 and the driving shaft 4; wherein, the driven clamping shaft 3 and the driving shaft 4 are respectively connected with two ends of the blank rod 2; the rollers 1 are movably and symmetrically arranged at two sides of the blank rod 2 and used for clamping/loosening the blank rod 2.
In the above embodiment, the driven clamping shaft 3 is of an elastically telescopic structure for compensating the difference in length between the blank bar 2 before and after deformation and elongation.
In the above embodiment, one end of the blank rod 2 is fixedly connected with the driven clamping shaft 3, and the other end is connected with the driving shaft 4; selecting proper rollers 1 according to the diameter of the blank rod 2, symmetrically arranging the rollers 1 on two sides of the blank rod, matching the two rollers 1, and performing clamping operation on the blank rod; the driving shaft 4 carries out front and back displacement operation to drive the blank rod 2 to move back and forth between the two rollers 1, so that the length is increased under the action of clamping force; as the length of the blank rod 2 increases, the driven clamping shaft 3 gradually contracts and becomes shorter for compensating the length of the blank rod 2 elongated by the clamping deformation. After the blank rod 2 is cold-rolled and formed, the driving shaft 4 stops working, the two rollers 2 are opened, and the rudiment torsion shaft is taken out.
The torsion shaft forming process extends the torsion shaft from a cylindrical column with a length shorter than that of the known method to a required size through a cold rolling forming device, and extends the torsion shaft to a final length required by a torsion shaft in a rolling process; the material performance is improved by a two-stage heating treatment mode of heat treatment, and the fatigue strength is obviously improved; the torsion shaft manufactured by the manufacturing method has good surface stress distribution, higher strength and fatigue life, not only improves the material performance and the fatigue strength, but also saves energy and improves the operation safety.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented herein only to illustrate and explain the present invention, and not to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "connect", "mount", "fix", and the like are used in a broad sense, for example, "connect" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," or the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for manufacturing the torsion shaft is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
annealing, namely heating the rudiment torsion shaft to the temperature of 450-550 ℃ of the first temperature, and annealing to remove the stress of the rudiment torsion shaft;
preheating, namely heating the embryonic torsion shaft to 710-790 ℃ of a second temperature at a first heating rate of 3-6 ℃/s;
quenching, namely heating the rudiment torsion shaft to 840-890 ℃ of a third temperature at a second heating rate of 1-2 ℃/s, and quenching the rudiment torsion shaft;
cooling, namely cooling the temperature of the rudiment torsion shaft to 40-60 ℃ of the fourth temperature, and then preserving heat for 4-6h for the second time;
tempering, heating the rudiment torsion shaft to the temperature of 220-400 ℃ of the fifth temperature, carrying out tempering treatment,
a shaped torsion shaft is obtained.
2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, comprising,
and (5) cold rolling, namely cold rolling and forming the blank rod into the rudiment torsion shaft.
3. The manufacturing method according to claim 2,
and upsetting the rudiment torsion shaft after cold rolling.
4. The manufacturing method according to claim 1,
and after annealing the rudiment torsion shaft, performing first straightening treatment on the rudiment torsion shaft.
5. The manufacturing method according to claim 1,
when the rudiment torsion shaft is quenched, oil quenching is adopted.
6. The manufacturing method according to claim 1,
after the rudiment torsion shaft is heated to the third temperature, the temperature is kept for 1-2h for the first time, and quenching is carried out.
7. The manufacturing method according to claim 1,
and after tempering the rudiment torsion shaft, performing second straightening treatment to obtain the torsion shaft.
8. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the billet is made of 45CrNiMoVA alloy steel.
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