CN114665535A - Anti-deviation wireless charging system with constant-current and constant-voltage output self-switching function - Google Patents

Anti-deviation wireless charging system with constant-current and constant-voltage output self-switching function Download PDF

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CN114665535A
CN114665535A CN202210080146.6A CN202210080146A CN114665535A CN 114665535 A CN114665535 A CN 114665535A CN 202210080146 A CN202210080146 A CN 202210080146A CN 114665535 A CN114665535 A CN 114665535A
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coil
constant
capacitor
secondary side
current
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朱翀
殷承良
杨束雨
李佳
谢吉勰
张希
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
Shanghai Intelligent and Connected Vehicle R&D Center Co Ltd
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
Shanghai Intelligent and Connected Vehicle R&D Center Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-offset wireless charging system with constant-current and constant-voltage output and autonomous switching, which comprises a direct-current voltage source, an inductive electric energy transmission converter, an auxiliary loop and a battery load, wherein the direct-current voltage source is connected with the inductive electric energy transmission converter; the direct-current voltage source is connected with the inductive power transfer converter and the auxiliary loop, and the inductive power transfer converter is connected with the battery load; the inductive power transfer converter comprises a primary side compensation coil Lf1And a secondary side compensation coil Lf2(ii) a The auxiliary loop comprises an auxiliary coil La(ii) a The primary side compensation coil Lf1The secondary side compensation coil Lf2And the auxiliary coil LaBoth are bipolar DD coils.The invention realizes the autonomous switching between the constant-current output mode and the constant-voltage output mode of the wireless charging system, reduces the sensitivity of the system to position deviation, and improves the deviation resistance of the system so as to ensure the stability of output.

Description

Anti-deviation wireless charging system with constant-current and constant-voltage output self-switching function
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle charging, in particular to an anti-deviation wireless charging system with constant-current and constant-voltage output independent switching.
Background
The wireless charging technology has the advantages of convenience, safety, environmental friendliness and the like, and has a wide application range and a development prospect. The wireless charging system transfers energy by coupling a primary transmission coil and a secondary transmission coil, the coupling of which is related to the relative position between the coils. In practice, the primary side of the wireless charging and the secondary transmission coil are not perfectly aligned, which may cause the coupling coefficient between the primary transmission coil and the secondary transmission coil to be reduced, thereby reducing the charging efficiency of the system and even causing serious safety accidents. Therefore, it is essential to improve the offset resistance of the system so that the system still has a relatively stable output when an offset occurs.
The main method for improving the offset resistance of the system is as follows: 1. the alignment of the coils is achieved by an additional mechanical mechanism; 2. the output stability when the deviation occurs is realized through the control device; 3. a plurality of coils are adopted, and the mutual inductance relationship among the coils is utilized to equivalently replace the coupling inductance, so that the equivalent mutual inductance is unchanged within a certain offset range, and the stability of output is realized.
Patent document CN112556637B discloses a wireless charging coil angle offset positioning system and method based on an electronic compass, wherein after a transmitting coil and a receiving coil are completely aligned up and down, an electronic compass is respectively installed at the center of the lower part of the transmitting coil and the upper part of the receiving coil in the same direction, and when the coils are angularly offset, the electronic compasses of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil respectively measure respective geomagnetic component information; after signal processing is carried out through a filtering and operating circuit, the geomagnetic heading angles of an upper coil and a lower coil are acquired and solved through a DSP controller; subtracting the two geomagnetic heading angles is the angular offset value between the two coils. This patent document employs alignment of the coils by an additional mechanical mechanism, but the additional positioning device of the patent document increases manufacturing and maintenance costs, and cannot simultaneously achieve switching of constant current and constant voltage outputs.
Patent document No. CN113300441B discloses a wireless charging derating control method, device and system for preventing output current from being adjusted repeatedly, which includes the following steps: the transmitting end circuit is communicated, the transmitting end enters a working state, and the working state of the receiving end circuit is detected; monitoring an input voltage value of the Buck module; judging whether the input voltage value of the Buck module repeatedly cycles between the first voltage threshold value V1 and the second voltage threshold value V2; when the input voltage value of the Buck module repeatedly cycles from above the first voltage threshold V1 to below the second voltage threshold V2, the output current of the Buck module is controlled to be stabilized at the de-rated current I3. This patent document uses a control device to stabilize the output when the offset occurs, but the additional control device in this patent document causes extra power loss, the communication between the modules reduces the flexibility and reliability of the system, and the switching between the constant current and constant voltage outputs cannot be realized at the same time.
Patent document No. CN112953024A discloses an anti-offset magnetic coupling mechanism, a design method thereof, and an electric vehicle wireless charging system, wherein the anti-offset magnetic coupling mechanism is used for wireless charging of an electric vehicle, and includes: a primary magnetic energy transmitting mechanism; the primary magnetic energy transmitting mechanism comprises: a primary coil; the primary coil includes: a primary side primary coil and a primary side bucking coil; the primary side main coil and the primary side counteracting coil are connected in series in an opposite direction, both the primary side main coil and the primary side counteracting coil are circular coils, and the primary side main coil and the primary side counteracting coil are arranged on the same plane and are concentric with each other. The patent document adopts a plurality of coils, and utilizes the mutual inductance relationship between the coils to equivalently replace the coupling inductance, but the anti-series connection of the primary transmission coils of the patent document leads to the reduction of the equivalent mutual inductance, under the same equivalent mutual inductance, the required coil inductance value is larger than others, occupies more volume, and the system performance is greatly influenced by offset.
In addition, lithium batteries are widely used because of high energy density and low cost. The charging process of the lithium battery can be divided into two processes of constant current and constant voltage, wherein the battery is charged in a constant current mode at the beginning, and when the voltage rises to a certain value, the charging mode is converted into a constant voltage mode. In order to improve the charging efficiency and prolong the service life of the battery, the wireless charging system needs to switch between constant current output and constant voltage output to adapt to the charging process of the lithium battery.
The method for realizing constant-current and constant-voltage output conversion mainly comprises the following steps: 1. the system resonates at different frequency points by changing the working frequency so as to realize the constant current and the constant voltage of output; 2. the output conversion is realized by changing the compensation topology of the secondary side by utilizing the output characteristic of the topology.
Patent document CN113315258A discloses a wireless charging method based on an LCL-S hybrid self-switching resonance type, which includes the following steps: 1) designing parameters of a hybrid self-switching resonant network topology LCL-LCL/S structure to realize constant-current and constant-voltage wireless charging; 2) parameters of a hybrid self-switching resonant network topology LCL-LCL/S structure are optimized to improve accuracy, and optimization areas of inductance parameters under different modes are provided. The patent document adopts the compensation topology on the secondary side by changing the output characteristic of the topology, but the hybrid topology structure of the patent document is complex, the flexibility of the system is reduced, an additional control switch is needed to realize the conversion of the topology of the system, the additional loss is increased, the reliability of the system is also reduced, and the performance of the system is greatly influenced by deviation.
Journal articles x.qu, h.chu, s. -c.wong, and c.k.tse, "An IPT Battery Charger With long Near Unity Power Factor and Load-Independent Constant Output converter Constraints of Input Voltage and Transformer Parameters," Ieee Transactions on Power Electronics, vol.34, No.8, pp.7719-7727, Aug 2019. disclose An IPT Battery Charger With Near Unity Power Factor and Load Independent Constant Output against Input Voltage and Transformer parameter Design Constraints, a high performance IPT Charger should provide a Battery With a high efficiency charging profile consisting of Constant charging current and Constant charging Voltage, however, due to the wide Load range, a single IPT converter (CC) should achieve both initial no Load and subsequent no Load converter (CC) while maintaining Constant current and Constant Voltage compensation systems of the same Load switch, and the same Load compensation system of the IPT switch, a design method is presented to achieve load independent CC and CV outputs at two Zero Phase Angle (ZPA) frequencies, which also overcomes the limitations of IPT transformers and input voltages, thus facilitating CC and CV operation at two fixed frequencies using simple duty cycle control. The literature of this 1 journal adopts through changing operating frequency, make the system resonate at different frequency points, but the switching of this journal literature frequency can cause the frequency bifurcation phenomenon, reduce the reliability of system, and the switching of frequency needs extra controlling means to realize, make the system structure more complicated, in addition, the choice of frequency is restricted, the operating frequency of the constant current/constant voltage output that is selected in this journal literature is all not in the frequency band range that the national standard required, and can't realize the anti skew of system simultaneously.
In the above technical documents, improvement of the anti-offset performance or output of the constant current/constant voltage can be achieved only by itself, but in practice, both of these characteristics play a significant role in the performance of the wireless charging system, and the following patent documents achieve both of these characteristics.
Patent document CN112994192A discloses a method for constant current/constant voltage output of a wireless charging system, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting an optimal compensation topology circuit of the wireless charging system, and calculating an ideal current output value and working frequency thereof, an ideal voltage output value and working frequency thereof when the wireless charging system outputs constant current and constant voltage; s2, when the coil of the wireless charging system deviates or the distance changes, calculating and adjusting the input voltage of the wireless charging system in a constant current output mode, so that the output current of the wireless charging system is close to an ideal current output value; and calculating and adjusting the working frequency of the wireless charging system in a constant voltage output mode, so that the output voltage of the wireless charging system is close to an ideal voltage output value. However, the system disclosed in this patent document adds a monitoring module, a communication module, and a power adjustment module, which increases the complexity of the system and decreases the reliability.
The patent document with publication number CN112865338A discloses a constant-current constant-voltage anti-offset output wireless charging system and a charging method, the system is composed of a direct-current power supply, a high-frequency inverter, a primary side compensation circuit, a coupling mechanism, a secondary side compensation circuit, a constant-current constant-voltage conversion circuit and a rectification circuit, wherein the primary side compensation circuit is composed of an inductor L0, a capacitor C0, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C4; the coupling mechanism is composed of an inductor L1, an inductor L2, an inductor L4 and an inductor L5; the secondary side compensation circuit is composed of a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, an inductor L3 and a capacitor C5; the constant-current constant-voltage conversion circuit is composed of an inductor Lf1, an inductor Lf2 and a capacitor Cf, wherein the inductor Lf1 and the inductor Lf2 are connected in series, one end of the capacitor Cf is connected with an inductor L3 of the secondary side compensation circuit, the other end of the capacitor Cf is connected between the inductor Lf1 and the inductor Lf2 through a switch S2, and a switch S1 is connected across two ends of the inductor Lf1 and the inductor Lf2 which are connected in series. However, the hybrid topology of the patent document is complex, the flexibility of the system is reduced, and an additional control switch is required to realize the conversion of the topology of the system, which increases additional loss and also reduces the reliability of the system.
The patent document with publication number CN112087061A discloses a three-coil wireless battery charging system capable of automatically switching between constant current and constant voltage, which provides constant current and constant voltage output required in the battery charging process, and does not need additional control and switch to automatically implement the switching between constant current and constant voltage. However, the constant current and constant voltage output of the system of this patent document is greatly affected by the offset.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an anti-deviation wireless charging system with constant-current and constant-voltage output self-switching function.
The invention provides an anti-offset wireless charging system with constant-current and constant-voltage output capable of being switched autonomously, which comprises a direct-current voltage source, an inductive power transmission converter, an auxiliary loop and a battery load, wherein the direct-current voltage source is connected with the inductive power transmission converter;
the direct-current voltage source is connected with the inductive power transfer converter and the auxiliary loop, and the inductive power transfer converter is connected with the battery load;
the inductive power transfer converter comprises a primary side compensation coil Lf1And a secondary side compensation coil Lf2(ii) a The auxiliary loop comprises an auxiliary coil La；
The primary side compensation coil Lf1The secondary side compensation coil Lf2And the auxiliary coil LaAre all bipolar DD coils.
Preferably, the inductive power transfer converter comprises a full-bridge inverter, a primary side compensation circuit, a coupling mechanism, a secondary side compensation circuit and a first full-bridge rectifier;
the full-bridge inverter is connected with the primary side compensation circuit, the primary side compensation circuit is connected with the coupling mechanism, the coupling mechanism is connected with the secondary side compensation circuit, and the secondary side compensation circuit is connected with the first full-bridge rectifier;
the direct-current voltage source is connected with the full-bridge inverter, and the battery load is connected with the first full-bridge rectifier;
the primary side compensation circuit comprises the primary side compensation coil Lf1The secondary side compensation circuit comprises the secondary side compensation coil Lf2。
Preferably, the primary side compensation circuit further comprises electricityContainer Cs1C, C1And a capacitor Cp1；
The primary side compensation coil Lf1One end of the primary side compensation coil is connected with the middle point of one bridge arm of the full-bridge inverter, and the primary side compensation coil Lf1Is connected with the capacitor C at the other ends1One end of (a);
the capacitor Cs1Are respectively connected with the capacitor C1And said capacitor Cp1One end of (a);
the capacitor C1The other end of the coupling mechanism is connected with the coupling mechanism; the capacitor Cp1The other end of the three-phase inverter is respectively connected with the middle point of the other bridge arm of the full-bridge inverter and the coupling mechanism.
Preferably, the coupling mechanism includes a primary-side transmission coil LPAnd a secondary side transmission coil LS；
The capacitor C1Is connected to the primary side transmission coil LPOne terminal of said capacitor Cp1Is connected to the primary side transmission coil LPThe other end of (a);
the secondary side transmission coil LSBoth ends of which are connected to the secondary side compensation circuit.
Preferably, the secondary side compensation circuit further comprises a capacitor Cs2Capacitor C2And a capacitor Cp2；
The secondary side compensation coil Lf2One end of is connected with the capacitor C2One end of the secondary side compensation coil Lf2Are respectively connected with the capacitor Cp2And a bridge arm midpoint of the full bridge rectifier;
the capacitor C2Is connected with the capacitor C at the other ends2And said capacitor Cp2The other end of (a);
the capacitor Cs2Is connected to the secondary side compensation coil Lf2One end of the secondary side compensation coil Lf2The other end of the second bridge arm is connected with the middle point of the other bridge arm of the full-bridge rectifier.
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,the auxiliary loop comprises a second full-bridge rectifier and an auxiliary coil LaAnd a capacitor Ca；
The cathode of the second full-bridge rectifier is connected with the anode of the direct current voltage source, and the anode of the second full-bridge rectifier is connected with the cathode of the direct current voltage source;
the auxiliary coil LaOne end of the auxiliary winding L is connected with the middle point of one bridge arm of the second full-bridge rectifieraIs connected with the capacitor C at the other endaOne end of (a);
the capacitor CaThe other end of the second full-bridge rectifier is connected with the middle point of the other bridge arm of the second full-bridge rectifier.
Preferably, the primary transmission coil LPAnd the secondary side transmission coil LSForm a coupling, the primary side compensation coil Lf1The secondary side compensation coil Lf2And the auxiliary coil LaForming another coupling, the two couplings being independent of each other.
Preferably, the primary transmission coil LPAnd the secondary side transmission coil LSAre all unipolar square coils;
the primary side transmission coil LPThe primary side compensation coil Lf1And the auxiliary coil LaLayered on the primary side, the secondary side transmitting coil LSAnd the secondary side compensation coil Lf2The layers are integrated on the secondary side.
Preferably, the system determines the parameters as follows:
step 1: determining the working frequency f of the system to obtain a working angular frequency omega;
step 2: estimating a primary side transmission coil LP(9) Self-inductance L ofPSecondary side transmission coil LS(13) Self-inductance L ofSPrimary side transmission coil LP(9) And a secondary side transmission coil LS(13) K, primary side transmission coil LP(9) And a secondary side transmission coil LS(13) Mutual inductance M betweenPS；
And step 3: according toRequired output current value I of constant current modeBATAnd the output voltage value V of the constant voltage modeBATDetermining the input DC voltage, substituting the mutual inductance M estimated in step 2PSCalculating the primary side compensation coil Lf1(10) And a secondary side compensation coil Lf2(12) Mutual inductance between Mf1f2Auxiliary coil La(11) Self-inductance L ofa；
And 4, step 4: according to the symmetrical design principle, the mutual inductance M calculated in the step 2PSAnd a coupling coefficient k to obtain a primary side compensation coil Lf1(10) Self-inductance L off1Secondary side compensation coil Lf2(12) Self-inductance L off1：
Figure BDA0003485539480000061
And 5: according to the resonance requirement of the system, the following equation is combined to calculate the capacitance Cs1Capacitor C1Capacitor Cp1Capacitor Cs2Capacitor C2Capacitor Cp2Capacitor CaThe capacitance of (c):
Figure BDA0003485539480000062
Figure BDA0003485539480000063
Figure BDA0003485539480000064
where j is an imaginary symbol.
Preferably, the charging process of the system for realizing the autonomous switching from the constant current to the constant voltage is as follows:
when the system is just started, the auxiliary coil LaGenerating an induced voltage
Figure BDA0003485539480000065
Figure BDA0003485539480000066
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003485539480000067
is an inductance LaInduced voltage, V, generatedDCIs the voltage value of the direct current voltage source;
auxiliary coil LaThe second full-bridge rectifier on the loop is in a reverse cut-off state, the auxiliary loop is not conducted, and the system can be regarded as a bilateral LCC compensation topology based on the auxiliary loop and has the characteristic of constant current output;
the current output by the constant current is as follows:
Figure BDA0003485539480000071
wherein, GCCCharging current I for the battery loadBATAnd an input voltage V of a DC voltage sourceDCRatio, D is the duty cycle of the full bridge inverter, IoA current for the battery load;
as the battery charging process proceeds, the battery load gradually increases, and the auxiliary coil LaInduced voltage of
Figure BDA0003485539480000072
And also increases when the induced voltage is increased
Figure BDA0003485539480000073
And a DC voltage source input voltage VDCWhen the voltage is equal, the second full-bridge rectifier is conducted, the output does not keep the characteristic of constant current output any more, the transition process from constant current to constant voltage is carried out, and the load value R at the beginning of the transition process1Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003485539480000074
wherein, MPSFor primary side transmission coil LPAnd a secondary side transmission coil LSMutual inductance between, Mf1f2For primary side compensation coil Lf1And a secondary side compensation coil Lf2Mutual inductance between, Mf1aFor primary side compensation coil Lf1And an auxiliary coil LaMutual inductance between, Mf2aFor compensating the coil L on the secondary sidef2And an auxiliary coil LaMutual inductance between them;
when the auxiliary coil LaWhen the voltage of (c) rises to a maximum amplitude,
Figure BDA0003485539480000075
the second full-bridge rectifier on the auxiliary loop is completely conducted, and the primary side compensation coil Lf1The input current is clamped, the system completes the transition switching from constant current output to constant voltage output, the characteristic of constant voltage output is kept, and the battery voltage V is outputBATComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003485539480000076
at the end of the transition, the load values are:
Figure BDA0003485539480000077
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention simultaneously realizes the improvement of the anti-offset performance of the system and the conversion of constant current and constant voltage output;
2. the invention avoids an additional alignment device and reduces the cost;
3. the invention provides the mode of autonomous switching of the constant-current constant-voltage mode, thereby avoiding complex control or an additional converter and ensuring the reliability and flexibility of the system;
4. the invention provides a novel integrated coil structure, which can realize the independence of two coupling systems.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a topology structure diagram of a wireless charging system capable of automatic constant-current and constant-voltage switching according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an AC equivalent circuit diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the integrated coil structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the voltage and current waveforms on the auxiliary series circuit during the constant current charging phase of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the waveforms of the voltage and current on the auxiliary series circuit during the constant voltage charging phase of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the output voltage and output current as a function of increasing battery load during charging of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the mutual inductance M when a certain offset occurs in the X-axis directionPS、Mf1f2A graph that varies as the amount of offset increases;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the output voltage and output current of the system of the present invention during charging with an offset of 130mm in the X-axis direction, which varies with the load.
The figures show that:
first ferrite layer 8 of full-bridge inverter 1
Primary side compensation circuit 2 primary transmission coil L P9
Coupling mechanism 3 primary compensation coil L f110
Auxiliary winding L of secondary side compensation circuit 4a11
Secondary compensation coil L of first full-bridge rectifier 5f212
Secondary transmission coil L of battery load 6S13
Auxiliary loop 7 second ferrite layer 14
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides an anti-offset wireless charging system with constant-current and constant-voltage output self-switching function, which comprises a direct-current voltage source, an inductive power transmission converter, an auxiliary loop 7 and a battery load 6. The DC voltage source is connected with an inductive power transfer converter and an auxiliary loop 7, the inductive power transfer converter is connected with a battery load 6, and the inductive power transfer converter comprises a primary side compensation coil L f110 and a secondary side compensation coil L f212, the auxiliary circuit 7 comprises an auxiliary coil L a11, primary side compensation coil L f110. Secondary side compensation coil L f212 and an auxiliary coil L a11 are both bipolar DD coils.
The inductive power transfer converter comprises a full-bridge inverter 1, a primary side compensation circuit 2, a coupling mechanism 3, a secondary side compensation circuit 4 and a first full-bridge rectifier 5. The full-bridge inverter 1 is connected with the primary side compensation circuit 2, the primary side compensation circuit 2 is connected with the coupling mechanism 3, the coupling mechanism 3 is connected with the secondary side compensation circuit 4, the secondary side compensation circuit 4 is connected with the first full-bridge rectifier 5, the direct-current voltage source is connected with the full-bridge inverter 1, the battery load 6 is connected with the first full-bridge rectifier 5, the primary side compensation circuit 2 comprises a primary side compensation coil L f110, the secondary side compensation circuit 4 includes a secondary side compensation coil L f212。
The primary side compensation circuit 2 further comprises a capacitor Cs1C, C1And a capacitor Cp1Primary side compensation coil L f110 one end of which is connected with the middle point of one bridge arm of the full-bridge inverter 1 and a primary side compensation coil Lf1The other end of 10 is connected with a capacitor Cs1One end of (A)Capacitor Cs1The other ends of the two capacitors are respectively connected with a capacitor C1One terminal of and a capacitor Cp1One terminal of (C), a capacitor1Is connected with the coupling mechanism 3 and the capacitor Cp1And the other end of the bridge arm is respectively connected with the middle point of the other bridge arm of the full-bridge inverter 1 and the coupling mechanism 3. The coupling mechanism 3 includes a primary-side transmission coil L P9 and a secondary side transmission coil L S13, capacitance C1Is connected to the primary side transmission coil LPOne terminal of 9, a capacitor Cp1Is connected to the primary side transmission coil L P9 other end, secondary side transmission coil LSBoth ends of 13 are connected to the secondary side compensation circuit 4. The secondary side compensation circuit 4 further comprises a capacitor Cs2Capacitor C2And a capacitor Cp2Secondary side compensation coil L f212 one end of which is connected with a capacitor C2One end of (1), the secondary side compensation coil L f212 are respectively connected with a capacitor C at the other endp2One end of the capacitor (C) and the middle point of one bridge arm of the full-bridge rectifier2Is connected with a capacitor C at the other ends2One terminal of and a capacitor Cp2Another terminal of (1), a capacitor Cs2Is connected with the secondary side compensation coil L f212 one end, secondary side compensation coil Lf2The other end of 12 is connected with the middle point of the other bridge arm of the full-bridge rectifier.
The auxiliary circuit 7 comprises a second full-bridge rectifier, an auxiliary coil L a11 and a capacitor Ca. The cathode of the second full-bridge rectifier is connected with the anode of the DC voltage source, the anode of the second full-bridge rectifier is connected with the cathode of the DC voltage source, and the auxiliary coil L a11 one end of the second full-bridge rectifier is connected with the midpoint of one bridge arm of the second full-bridge rectifier, and the auxiliary coil LaThe other end of 11 is connected with a capacitor CaOne terminal of (C), a capacitor CaThe other end of the second bridge arm is connected with the middle point of the other bridge arm of the second full-bridge rectifier.
Primary transmission coil LPAnd a secondary side transmission coil L S13 form a coupled, primary-side compensation coil L f110. Secondary side compensation coil L f212 and an auxiliary coil L a11 constitute another coupling, which are independent of each other. Primary transmission coil LPAnd a secondary side transmission coil L S13 are all unipolar square coils, primary side transmission coil L P9. Primary side compensation coil L f110 and auxiliary coil L a11 are layered on the primary side, secondary side transmission coil L S13 and a secondary side compensation coil L f212 are hierarchically integrated on the secondary side.
The system determines the parameters as follows:
step 1: determining the working frequency f of the system to obtain a working angular frequency omega;
step 2: estimating a primary side transmission coil LPSelf-inductance L of 9PSecondary side transmission coil L S13 self-inductance LSPrimary side transmission coil L P9 and a secondary side transmission coil L S13, primary side transmission coil L P9 and secondary side transmission coil L S13 mutual inductance M between themPS；
And step 3: according to the required output current value I of the constant current modeBATAnd the output voltage value V of the constant voltage modeBATDetermining the input DC voltage, substituting the mutual inductance M estimated in step 2PSCalculating the primary side compensation coil L f110 and a secondary side compensation coil L f212 mutual inductance Mf1f2 Auxiliary coil L a11 self-inductance La；
And 4, step 4: according to the symmetrical design principle, the mutual inductance M calculated in the step 2PSAnd a coupling coefficient k to obtain a primary side compensation coil L f110 self-inductance Lf1Secondary side compensation coil Lf2Self-inductance L of 12f1：
Figure BDA0003485539480000101
And 5: according to the resonance requirement of the system, the following equation is combined to calculate the capacitance Cs1Capacitor C1Capacitor Cp1Capacitor Cs2Capacitor C2Capacitor Cp2Capacitor CaThe capacitance of (c):
Figure BDA0003485539480000102
Figure BDA0003485539480000103
Figure BDA0003485539480000104
where j is an imaginary symbol.
The charging process of the system for realizing the autonomous switching from the constant current to the constant voltage is as follows:
when the system is just started, the auxiliary coil L a11 generating an induced voltage
Figure BDA0003485539480000105
Figure BDA0003485539480000106
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003485539480000107
is an inductance LaInduced voltage, V, generatedDCIs the voltage value of the dc voltage source;
auxiliary coil LaThe second full-bridge rectifier on the 11 loop is in a reverse cut-off state, the auxiliary loop 7 is not conducted, and the system can be regarded as a basic bilateral LCC compensation topology and has the characteristic of constant current output;
the current output by the constant current is as follows:
Figure BDA0003485539480000108
wherein G isCCCharging current I for the battery load 6BATAnd an input voltage V of a DC voltage sourceDCRatio, D is the duty cycle of the full bridge inverter 1, IoIs the current of the battery load 6;
as the battery charging process proceeds, the battery load 6 gradually increases, and the auxiliary coil L a11 induced voltage
Figure BDA0003485539480000111
And also increases when the induced voltage is increased
Figure BDA0003485539480000112
And a DC voltage source input voltage VDCWhen the voltage is equal, the second full-bridge rectifier is conducted, the output no longer keeps the characteristic of constant current output, the transition process from constant current to constant voltage is carried out, and the load value R at the beginning of the transition process1Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003485539480000113
wherein M isPSFor primary side transmission coil L P9 and a secondary side transmission coil L S13 mutual inductance between them, Mf1f2For primary side compensation of the coil L f110 and a secondary side compensation coil L f212 mutual inductance between them, Mf1aFor primary side compensation coil L f110 and an auxiliary coil L a11 mutual inductance between them, Mf2aFor compensating the coil L on the secondary side f212 and an auxiliary coil L a11, mutual inductance between them;
when the auxiliary coil LaWhen the voltage of 11 rises to a maximum amplitude,
Figure BDA0003485539480000114
the second full bridge rectifier on the auxiliary circuit 7 is fully on, and the primary side compensation coil Lf1The input current on 10 is clamped, the system completes the transition switching from constant current output to constant voltage output, the constant voltage output characteristic is kept, and the battery voltage V is outputBATComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003485539480000115
at the end of the transition, the load values are:
Figure BDA0003485539480000116
example 2:
those skilled in the art will understand this embodiment as a more specific description of embodiment 1.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides an anti-offset wireless charging system with autonomous switching of constant-current and constant-voltage output, which includes a dc voltage source, an inductive power transfer converter based on a bilateral LCC compensation topology, an auxiliary circuit, a battery load, and a filter capacitor. The LCC induction type electric energy transmission converter comprises a full-bridge inverter, a primary side compensation circuit, a coupling mechanism, a secondary side compensation circuit and a full-bridge rectifier.
The coupling mechanism is composed of a primary side transmission coil LPSecondary side transmission coil LSAnd (4) forming.
The primary side compensation circuit comprises a primary side compensation coil Lf1Capacitor Cs1Capacitor C1Capacitor Cp1Is composed of a primary compensation coil Lf1One end of the capacitor is connected with the middle point of one bridge arm of the full-bridge inverter, and the other end of the capacitor is connected with the capacitor Cs1Phase connection, capacitance Cs1Another electrode of (1) and a capacitor C1And a capacitor Cp1One end of which is connected to a capacitor C1And a capacitor Cp1Are respectively connected with the primary side transmission coil L at the other endPWhile the primary side transmits the coil LPAnd a capacitor Cp1Is connected with the middle point of the other bridge arm of the full-bridge inverter.
The secondary side compensation circuit comprises a secondary side compensation coil Lf2Capacitor Cs2Capacitor C2And a capacitor Cp2And (4) forming. Secondary side transmission coil LSOne terminal of and a capacitor C2The other end of the capacitor is connected with the middle point of one bridge arm of the full-bridge rectifier and the capacitor C2Another terminal of (2) and a capacitor Cs2And a capacitor Cp2One end of (A)Connected in common to a common point, capacitor Cp2And the other end of the secondary side transmission coil LSThe middle points of the bridge arms of the full-bridge rectifier are connected, and a capacitor Cs2The other end and the secondary side compensation coil Lf2Are connected at one end, a secondary compensation coil Lf2And the other end of the second bridge is connected to the midpoint of the other bridge arm of the full-bridge rectifier.
The auxiliary loop comprises a full-bridge rectifier and an auxiliary coil LaCapacitor CaThe cathode of the output end of the full-bridge rectifier is connected with the anode of the direct current voltage source, and the anode of the output end of the full-bridge rectifier is connected with the cathode of the direct current voltage source. Auxiliary coil LaOne end of the capacitor is connected with the middle point of one bridge arm of the full-bridge rectifier, and the other end of the capacitor is connected with the capacitor CaConnection, capacitor CaThe other end of the second bridge arm is connected with the other bridge arm of the full-bridge rectifier.
The above system determines the parameters as follows:
firstly, after determining the working frequency f of a system, obtaining a working angular frequency omega;
estimating a primary side transmission coil LPSelf-inductance L ofPSecondary side transmission coil LSSelf-inductance L ofSCoefficient of coupling k between the two and mutual inductance MPS；
According to the required output current value I of the constant current modeoAnd the output voltage value V of the constant voltage modeoSimultaneous equations to find the required mutual inductance M between the primary side compensation coil and the secondary side compensation coilf1f2Auxiliary coil self-inductance La；
According to the symmetrical design principle, the self-inductance L of the compensation coil is obtained by the mutual inductance obtained by calculationf1,，Lf2:
Figure BDA0003485539480000121
Determining C according to the resonance requirement of the system by combining the following equations1、Cs1、Cp1、C2、Cs2、Cp2、Ca:
Figure BDA0003485539480000122
Figure BDA0003485539480000123
Figure BDA0003485539480000124
The charging process of the system for realizing the autonomous switching from the constant current to the constant voltage is as follows:
first, when the system is just started, the auxiliary coil LaInduced voltage generated
Figure BDA0003485539480000125
The amplitude is too small and the amplitude is too small,
Figure BDA0003485539480000126
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure BDA0003485539480000127
is an auxiliary coil LaInduced voltage, V, generatedDCIs the voltage value of the direct current voltage source;
the full-bridge rectifier on the auxiliary coil loop is still in a reverse cut-off state, the auxiliary loop is not conducted, the system can be regarded as a basic bilateral LCC compensation topology, and the constant current output characteristic is achieved;
the output current is:
Figure RE-GDA0003632766410000136
wherein G isCCIs the ratio of the output current to the input voltage amplitude, D is the duty cycle of the full bridge inverter, IoTo output a current;
as the battery charging process proceeds, the battery load gradually increases and the induced voltage of the auxiliary coil increases
Figure BDA0003485539480000132
Also increases when it is connected with the input voltage V of the DC voltage sourceDCWhen the voltage is equal, the full-bridge rectifier is partially conducted, the output does not keep the characteristic of constant current output any more, and the transition process from constant current to constant voltage is carried out;
load value R at the beginning of a transition1Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003485539480000133
when the auxiliary winding voltage rises to a maximum amplitude, i.e.
Figure BDA0003485539480000134
The full-bridge rectifier on the auxiliary loop is completely conducted, the input current on the primary side compensation coil is clamped, the system completes transition switching from constant current output to constant voltage output, and the characteristic of constant voltage output is kept;
output voltage VoComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003485539480000135
at the end of the transition process, the load values are:
Figure BDA0003485539480000136
the system adopts a new integrated coil structure when realizing the principle of anti-offset:
the primary side transmission coil and the secondary side transmission coil are mutually coupled, the primary side compensation coil, the secondary side compensation coil and the auxiliary coil form another coupling, and the two couplings are mutually independent;
the primary side transmission coil and the secondary side transmission coil adopt unipolar square coils, and the primary side compensation coil, the secondary side compensation coil and the auxiliary coil are bipolar DD coils so as to realize independence between the two couplings;
the primary side transmission coil, the primary side compensation coil and the auxiliary coil are integrated on the primary side in a layered mode, the secondary side transmission coil is integrated on the secondary side, and the secondary side compensation coil is integrated on the secondary side;
when the deviation occurs, the primary side transmission coil, the secondary side transmission coil, the primary side compensation coil and the secondary side compensation coil simultaneously deviate, and the deviation amounts are the same, so that the mutual inductance M is caused within a certain range of deviationPS，Mf1f2The proportional change and the reduction amplitude are almost the same, so that the output current in constant current and the output voltage in constant voltage are basically unchanged.
The embodiment solves the problem that the anti-offset characteristic and the constant current/constant voltage output characteristic of the system need to be realized simultaneously, and ensures that the constant current/constant voltage output characteristic of the system is less influenced by offset. This embodiment solves the problem that additional capture structures can increase the cost of construction and maintenance. The embodiment solves the problem that the reliability of the system is reduced due to the introduction of an additional control and communication module, avoids control and communication, and realizes active output mode switching. The embodiment solves the problem that the hybrid topology can cause the complexity of the system to be increased. The embodiment ensures that the working frequency of the system is within the range of national standard requirements.
The clamped full bridge rectifier in the auxiliary loop in this embodiment may be replaced with a half bridge rectifier. The integrated coil of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the configurations of the compensation coil and the main coil can be exchanged. Compensation capacitor C in resonance compensation in this embodiments1And a capacitor Cs2May be eliminated.
Example 3:
those skilled in the art will understand this embodiment as a more specific description of embodiment 1.
As shown in fig. 3, the embodiment provides an anti-deviation wireless charging system with autonomous switching of constant current and constant voltage output, and the integrated coil structure of the wireless charging system has two independent couplings, i.e. a primary side transmission coil LPAnd a secondary side transmission line coil LSIs primary stageSide compensation coil Lf1Secondary side compensation coil Lf2And an auxiliary coil LaAnd (4) forming. Primary side transmission line loop LPAnd a secondary side transmission coil LSCoupled to each other, primary side compensation coil Lf1Secondary side compensation coil Lf2And an auxiliary coil LaConstituting the other coupling. The two couplings are independent of each other.
As shown in fig. 3, the portion integrated on the primary side has: first ferrite layer 8 formed by splicing strip-shaped ferrites and primary side transmission coil L P9. Primary side compensation coil L f110. An auxiliary coil 11. The parts integrated on the secondary side are: secondary side compensation coil L f212. Secondary side transmission coil L S13. And a second ferrite layer 14 made of strip-shaped ferrite. Wherein the primary side transmission coil LPSecondary side transmission coil LSUsing a single-pole square coil, a primary side compensation coil Lf1Secondary side compensation coil Lf2And an auxiliary coil LaThe groups are bipolar DD coils to achieve independence between the two couplings.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 4 to 6, in the present embodiment, the reliability of constant current and constant voltage switching is verified based on embodiment 1.
DC voltage source VDC140V, self-inductance L of the primary side transmission coilPAt 97uH, self-inductance L of the secondary side transmission coilS101.9uH, self-inductance L of the primary side compensation coilf1104.4uH, self-inductance L of the secondary side compensation coilf2103.6uH, self-inductance of the auxiliary coil LaIt was 9.9 uH.
Primary side transmission coil LPAnd a secondary side transmission coil LSHas a coupling coefficient of 0.24, and a primary side compensation coil Lf1And a secondary side compensation coil Lf2Has a coupling coefficient of 0.21, and a primary side compensation coil Lf1And an auxiliary coil LaThe coupling coefficient therebetween was 0.54. In the experiment, the battery load was equivalently replaced with a varying resistive load. The duty cycle D of the high frequency full bridge inverter 1 is 50% and the switching frequency is 85 kHz.
Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of the voltage and current on the auxiliary loop when the system operates in the constant current output mode, and the current is 0 as shown in fig. 4. Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of the voltage and current on the auxiliary loop when the system is operating in the constant voltage output mode, and the voltage is clamped to a square wave as shown in fig. 5.
Fig. 6 is a graph of output voltage and output current as a function of load during an experiment. As shown in fig. 6, when the load is less than 20 Ω, the system operates in the constant current output mode, the output current is 6.5A, the system switches from the constant current mode to the constant voltage output mode as the load increases continuously, and when the load is 45 Ω, the whole automatic switching process is completed, and the system operates in the constant voltage output mode, and the output voltage is 220V.
Example 5:
as shown in fig. 3, 7, and 8, this embodiment verifies the system anti-offset characteristic based on embodiment 4.
As shown in fig. 3 and 7, the secondary side of the system (i.e., the secondary side compensation coil L)f212. Secondary side transmission coil L S13. The second ferrite layer 14) formed by splicing the strip-shaped ferrites integrally moves towards the positive direction of the X axis, and the mutual inductance M of the measuring system is measured under different X-axis offsetsPSMutual inductance Mf1f2A change in (c). It can be seen that the mutual inductance drop amplitude is almost the same, and the voltage and current gain fluctuation related to the mutual inductance drop amplitude can be ensured within a certain range.
When the secondary side of the system is shifted by 130mm on the X axis, the constant-current and constant-voltage output condition of the system is verified, the system parameters are unchanged, and like the embodiment 4, the finally obtained curve of the output voltage and the output current changing along with the load is shown in fig. 8, and as shown in fig. 8, when the load is less than 15 omega, the system works in a constant-current output mode, the output current is 6.6A, and the output current is increased by 1% compared with the punctual constant-current output. With the continuous increase of the load, the system is switched from a constant current mode to a constant voltage output mode, when the load is 55 omega, the whole automatic switching process is completed, the system works in the constant voltage output mode, the output voltage is 196V, and the output voltage is 89% of the amplitude of the constant voltage output during alignment.
The invention realizes the autonomous switching between the constant-current output mode and the constant-voltage output mode of the wireless charging system, reduces the sensitivity of the system to position offset, and improves the anti-offset capability of the system so as to ensure the stability of output.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

Claims (10)

1. An anti-deviation wireless charging system with constant-current and constant-voltage output and automatic switching is characterized by comprising a direct-current voltage source, an inductive power transmission converter, an auxiliary loop (7) and a battery load (6);
the direct voltage source is connected to the inductive power transfer converter and the auxiliary circuit (7), the inductive power transfer converter being connected to the battery load (6);
the inductive power transfer converter includes a primary side compensation coil Lf1(10) And a secondary side compensation coil Lf2(12) (ii) a The auxiliary loop (7) comprises an auxiliary coil La(11)；
The primary side compensation coil Lf1(10) The secondary side compensation coil Lf2(12) And the auxiliary coil La(11) Both are bipolar DD coils.
2. The constant-current constant-voltage output autonomous switching anti-offset wireless charging system according to claim 1, wherein the inductive power transfer converter comprises a full-bridge inverter (1), a primary side compensation circuit (2), a coupling mechanism (3), a secondary side compensation circuit (4) and a first full-bridge rectifier (5);
the full-bridge inverter (1) is connected with the primary side compensation circuit (2), the primary side compensation circuit (2) is connected with the coupling mechanism (3), the coupling mechanism (3) is connected with the secondary side compensation circuit (4), and the secondary side compensation circuit (4) is connected with the first full-bridge rectifier (5);
the direct-current voltage source is connected with the full-bridge inverter (1), and the battery load (6) is connected with the first full-bridge rectifier (5);
the primary side compensation circuit (2) comprises the primary side compensation coil Lf1(10) The secondary side compensation circuit (4) comprises the secondary side compensation coil Lf2(12)。
3. The constant-current constant-voltage output autonomous switching anti-offset wireless charging system according to claim 2, wherein the primary side compensation circuit (2) further comprises a capacitor Cs1C, C1And a capacitor Cp1；
The primary side compensation coil Lf1(10) One end of the primary side compensation coil is connected with a bridge arm midpoint of the full-bridge inverter (1), and the primary side compensation coil Lf1(10) Is connected with the capacitor C at the other ends1One end of (a);
the capacitor Cs1Are respectively connected with the capacitor C1And said capacitor Cp1One end of (a);
the capacitor C1Is connected with the coupling mechanism (3); the capacitor Cp1The other end of the three-phase inverter is respectively connected with the middle point of the other bridge arm of the full-bridge inverter (1) and the coupling mechanism (3).
4. A constant-current constant-voltage output autonomous switching anti-offset wireless charging system according to claim 3, characterized in that the coupling mechanism (3) includes a primary-side transmission coil LP(9) And a secondary side transmission coil LS(13)；
The capacitor C1Is connected to the primary side transmission coil LP(9) One terminal of said capacitor Cp1Is connected to the primary side transmission coil LP(9) The other end of (a);
the secondary side transmission coil LS(13) Both ends of the secondary side compensation circuit are connected to the secondary side compensation circuit (4).
5. The constant-current constant-voltage output autonomous switching anti-deviation wireless charging system according to claim 4, wherein the secondary side compensation circuit (4) further comprises a capacitor Cs2Capacitor C2And a capacitor Cp2；
The secondary side compensation coil Lf2(12) One end of is connected with the capacitor C2The secondary side compensation coil Lf2(12) Are respectively connected with the capacitor Cp2And a midpoint of a bridge arm of the full bridge rectifier;
the capacitor C2Is connected with the capacitor C at the other ends2And said capacitor Cp2The other end of (a);
the capacitor Cs2Is connected to the secondary side compensation coil Lf2(12) The secondary side compensation coil Lf2(12) The other end of the second bridge arm is connected with the middle point of the other bridge arm of the full-bridge rectifier.
6. The constant-current constant-voltage output autonomous switching anti-offset wireless charging system according to claim 5, wherein the auxiliary loop (7) comprises a second full-bridge rectifier, an auxiliary coil La(11) And a capacitor Ca；
The cathode of the second full-bridge rectifier is connected with the anode of the direct-current voltage source, and the anode of the second full-bridge rectifier is connected with the cathode of the direct-current voltage source;
the auxiliary coil La(11) One end of the auxiliary winding L is connected with the middle point of one bridge arm of the second full-bridge rectifiera(11) Is connected with the capacitor C at the other endaOne end of (a);
the capacitor CaThe other end of the second full-bridge rectifier is connected with the middle point of the other bridge arm of the second full-bridge rectifier.
7. The constant-current constant-voltage output autonomous switching anti-deviation wireless charging system according to claim 6, wherein the primary transmission coil L is a primary transmission coilPAnd the secondary side transmission coil LS(13) To form a coupling, which is connected to the power supply,the primary side compensation coil Lf1(10) The secondary side compensation coil Lf2(12) And the auxiliary coil La(11) Forming another coupling, which are independent of each other.
8. The constant-current constant-voltage output autonomous switching anti-deviation wireless charging system according to claim 6, wherein the primary transmission coil L is a primary transmission coilPAnd the secondary side transmission coil LS(13) Are all unipolar square coils;
the primary side transmission coil LP(9) The primary side compensation coil Lf1(10) And the auxiliary coil La(11) Layered on the primary side, the secondary side transmitting coil LS(13) And the secondary side compensation coil Lf2(12) The layers are integrated on the secondary side.
9. The constant-current constant-voltage output autonomous switching anti-deviation wireless charging system according to claim 6, wherein the system determines the parameters as follows:
step 1: determining the working frequency f of the system to obtain a working angular frequency omega;
step 2: estimating a primary side transmission coil LP(9) Self-inductance L ofPSecondary side transmission coil LS(13) Self-inductance L ofSPrimary side transmission coil LP(9) And a secondary side transmission coil LS(13) K, primary side transmission coil LP(9) And a secondary side transmission coil LS(13) Mutual inductance between MPS；
And step 3: according to the required output current value I of the constant current modeBATAnd the output voltage value V of the constant voltage modeBATDetermining the input DC voltage, and substituting the mutual inductance M estimated in step 2PSCalculating the primary side compensation coil Lf1(10) And a secondary side compensation coil Lf2(12) Mutual inductance M betweenf1f2Auxiliary coil La(11) Self-inductance L ofa；
And 4, step 4: according to the symmetrical design principle, the mutual inductance calculated in the step 2MPSAnd a coupling coefficient k to obtain a primary side compensation coil Lf1(10) Self-inductance L off1Secondary side compensation coil Lf2(12) Self-inductance L off1：
Figure FDA0003485539470000031
And 5: according to the resonance requirement of the system, the following equation is combined to calculate the capacitance Cs1Capacitor C1Capacitor Cp1Capacitor Cs2Capacitor C2Capacitor Cp2Capacitor CaThe capacitance of (c):
Figure FDA0003485539470000032
Figure FDA0003485539470000033
Figure FDA0003485539470000034
where j is an imaginary symbol.
10. The constant-current constant-voltage output autonomous switching anti-deviation wireless charging system according to claim 6, wherein the charging process of the system for realizing the autonomous switching from the constant current to the constant voltage is as follows:
when the system is just started, the auxiliary coil La(11) Generating an induced voltage
Figure FDA0003485539470000035
Figure FDA0003485539470000036
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003485539470000037
is an inductance LaInduced voltage, V, generatedDCIs the voltage value of the direct current voltage source;
auxiliary coil La(11) The second full-bridge rectifier on the loop is in a reverse cut-off state, the auxiliary loop (7) is not conducted, and the system can be regarded as a bilateral LCC compensation topology based on the auxiliary loop and has the characteristic of constant current output;
the current output by the constant current is as follows:
Figure FDA0003485539470000038
wherein, GCCCharging current I for the battery load (6)BATAnd an input voltage V of a DC voltage sourceDCD is the duty cycle of the full bridge inverter (1), IBATIs the current of the battery load (6);
as the battery charging process proceeds, the battery load (6) is gradually increased, and the auxiliary coil La(11) Induced voltage of
Figure FDA0003485539470000041
And also increases when the induced voltage is increased
Figure FDA0003485539470000042
And the input voltage V of the DC voltage sourceDCWhen the voltage is equal, the second full-bridge rectifier is conducted, the output does not keep the characteristic of constant current output any more, the transition process from constant current to constant voltage is carried out, and the load value R at the beginning of the transition process1Comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003485539470000043
wherein M isPSFor primary side transmission coil LP(9) And a secondary side transmission coil LS(13) Mutual inductance between, Mf1f2For primary side compensation coil Lf1(10) And a secondary side compensation coil Lf2(12) Mutual inductance between, Mf1aFor primary side compensation coil Lf1(10) And an auxiliary coil La(11) Mutual inductance between them, Mf2aFor the secondary side compensating coil Lf2(12) And an auxiliary coil La(11) Mutual inductance between them;
when the auxiliary coil La(11) When the voltage of (c) rises to a maximum amplitude,
Figure FDA0003485539470000044
the second full-bridge rectifier on the auxiliary loop (7) is fully conducted, and the primary side compensation coil Lf1(10) The input current is clamped, the system completes the transition switching from constant current output to constant voltage output, the characteristic of constant voltage output is kept, and the battery voltage V is outputBATComprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003485539470000045
at the end of the transition, the load values are:
Figure FDA0003485539470000046
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CN115848177A (en) * 2022-12-30 2023-03-28 重庆大学 Anti-deviation constant-current output wireless charging system for automatic guided vehicle

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115848177A (en) * 2022-12-30 2023-03-28 重庆大学 Anti-deviation constant-current output wireless charging system for automatic guided vehicle
CN115848177B (en) * 2022-12-30 2024-04-26 重庆大学 Anti-offset constant-current output wireless charging system for automatic guided vehicle

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