CN114664124A - Airborne comprehensive anti-collision system of aircraft and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Airborne comprehensive anti-collision system of aircraft and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114664124A CN114664124A CN202210395151.6A CN202210395151A CN114664124A CN 114664124 A CN114664124 A CN 114664124A CN 202210395151 A CN202210395151 A CN 202210395151A CN 114664124 A CN114664124 A CN 114664124A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
- G08G5/04—Anti-collision systems
- G08G5/045—Navigation or guidance aids, e.g. determination of anti-collision manoeuvers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/285—Aircraft wire antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
Abstract
The invention discloses an aircraft airborne comprehensive anti-collision system and a realization method thereof, relating to the technical field of aviation, wherein because the small aircraft such as an unmanned aerial vehicle has small fuselage, the direct application of the traditional anti-collision system not only increases the resource of the additional equipment of the aircraft, but also can not directly add the airborne anti-collision equipment, the invention can avoid the additional installation of a plurality of antenna equipment required by the anti-collision system on the small aircraft fuselage by configuring a comprehensive antenna module, solves the problem of difficult equipment addition of the small aircraft fuselage, simultaneously, the scheme receives an identification inquiry signal and a navigation management inquiry signal through a comprehensive processing host to generate corresponding identification response and navigation management response, inquires the target aircraft in a C mode and an S mode, tracks and processes response information and ADS-B information transmitted by the target aircraft, generates the carrier ADS-B information to realize the ADS-B OUT function, the comprehensive processing host machine simultaneously realizes the functions of comprehensive response, ADS-B and anti-collision system, and greatly reduces the antenna, size and weight resources of the fuselage additional equipment of the small aircraft.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aviation, in particular to an airborne comprehensive anti-collision system of an aircraft and an implementation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid increase of aircrafts such as unmanned planes, airspaces become more and more "crowded", and there is a risk of air collision. At present, small-sized airplanes such as unmanned aerial vehicles and the like adopt ADS-B IN to monitor other airplanes IN an airspace IN an air-to-air manner, and the air traffic collision avoidance warning is lacked to prompt flight operators to operate and avoid collision. The transponder (MA/MC/MS, M1/M2/M3 mode transponder) and ADS-BIN devices of small aircraft such as unmanned aerial vehicles are independently configured, and transmit and receive radio frequency signals by using upper and lower omnidirectional antennas.
The existing airborne collision avoidance equipment adopts a directional antenna to inquire and detect a target airplane and is suitable for medium and large-sized transporters; however, small aircraft such as unmanned aerial vehicles have small fuselages, and directional antennas cannot be directly installed due to the limited number of the installed antennas, so that airborne collision avoidance equipment cannot be additionally installed. The response equipment (MA/MC/MS, M1/M2/M3 and other mode responses) of a small aircraft such as an unmanned aerial vehicle and the ADS-B IN equipment are independent, and the resources of the equipment installed on the aircraft are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the traditional airborne collision avoidance equipment which adopts a directional antenna to inquire and detect a target aircraft is suitable for medium and large-sized air transporters; however, the fuselage of a small aircraft such as an unmanned aerial vehicle and the like is directly applied to the traditional anti-collision equipment, so that the resource of equipment added on the aircraft is consumed, and the equipment added on the aircraft cannot be directly added; the invention aims to provide an airborne collision avoidance system of an aircraft and an implementation method thereof, which can avoid various antenna devices required by the collision avoidance system from being additionally arranged on a small aircraft body by configuring a comprehensive antenna module, solve the problem of difficulty in small equipment addition of the small aircraft body, simultaneously realize comprehensive response, ADS-B and collision avoidance functions by a comprehensive processing host, and greatly reduce the size and weight resources of the additional equipment of the small aircraft.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
this scheme provides an anticollision system is synthesized to aircraft machine, includes: the system comprises an omnidirectional antenna module, a comprehensive antenna module and a comprehensive processing host;
the omnidirectional antenna module and the comprehensive antenna module are used for receiving identification inquiry signals, navigation management response signals transmitted by a target aircraft and ADS-B information;
the comprehensive processing host is used for receiving the identification inquiry signal and the navigation management inquiry signal to generate a corresponding identification response and a corresponding navigation management response, and is also used for inquiring the target aircraft in a C mode and an S mode and tracking the response and ADS-B information transmitted by the target aircraft; the comprehensive processing host is also used for generating ADS-B information of the transmitting carrier;
the identification response, the navigation management response signal, the airborne collision avoidance inquiry and the airborne ADS-B information are sent out through the omnidirectional antenna module and the comprehensive antenna module.
The working principle of the scheme is as follows: the traditional airborne collision avoidance equipment for inquiring and detecting the target aircraft by adopting the directional antenna is suitable for medium and large-sized transporters; however, the small direct application of the fuselage of a small aircraft such as an unmanned aerial vehicle not only increases the resource of equipment added on the aircraft, but also cannot directly add onboard anti-collision equipment; the scheme provides an aircraft airborne comprehensive anti-collision system and an implementation method thereof, multiple antenna devices required by the anti-collision system can be prevented from being additionally arranged on the body of a small aircraft through the configuration of a comprehensive antenna module, the problem that the body of the small aircraft cannot be additionally provided with devices is solved, meanwhile, comprehensive response, ADS-B and the anti-collision system are achieved through a comprehensive processing host, and the size and the weight resources required by the additionally arranged devices of the small aircraft are greatly reduced.
The comprehensive processing host is further used for receiving a response signal transmitted by the target aircraft and analyzing the response signal in real time to obtain the relative distance, the relative altitude and the relative speed information of the target aircraft;
the comprehensive processing host machine also evaluates the threat degree of the target aircraft approaching the aircraft based on the relative distance, the relative altitude and the speed information of the target aircraft, and generates air anti-collision warning information according to the threat degree.
The comprehensive processing host is further used for transmitting the air anti-collision warning information to the comprehensive display for displaying through a 1553B bus and sending the air anti-collision warning information to the target aircraft through a data link of S-mode response.
The further optimization scheme is that the comprehensive processing host comprises: the device comprises a power supply unit, a transmitting and receiving unit and a processing unit; the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the processing unit and the transceiving unit and receiving a discrete control signal for powering on the carrier; the receiving and transmitting unit is integrally configured for receiving and transmitting.
The further optimization scheme is that the transceiver unit is used for receiving the directional channel intermediate frequency signal of the comprehensive antenna module, and outputting a TCAS/ADS-B signal after AD sampling and digital processing of the directional channel intermediate frequency signal;
the receiving and transmitting unit is used for receiving the omnidirectional channel intermediate frequency signal of the comprehensive antenna module, and outputting a response inquiry ASK signal and a response DPSK signal after AD sampling and digital processing are carried out on the omnidirectional channel intermediate frequency signal;
the receiving and transmitting unit is also used for receiving the omnidirectional channel intermediate frequency signal of the omnidirectional antenna module, and one path of the omnidirectional channel intermediate frequency signal is subjected to AD sampling and digital processing to output a TCAS/ADS-B signal; and the other path outputs a response inquiry ASK signal and a response DPSK signal through AD sampling and digital processing.
The further optimization scheme is that the processing unit comprises an FPGA signal processing mechanism, an anti-collision monitoring processing mechanism and a response processing mechanism;
the FPGA signal processing mechanism completes the interaction of power-on control, locking, atmospheric data and radio height with a target aircraft, and meanwhile, the FPGA signal processing mechanism completes the aerial anti-collision inquiry, navigation management response, coding and decoding of identification response and ADS-B decoding through the same FPGA.
A processing module of collision avoidance equipment in a traditional collision avoidance system needs a set of independent encoder and decoder, a processing module of response (MA/MC/MS, M1/M2/M3 and other mode response) equipment needs a set of independent encoder and decoder, collision avoidance equipment needs a set of independent encoder and decoder, and ADS-B equipment needs a set of independent encoder and decoder; in the scheme, an FPGA signal processing mechanism adopts a multi-mode coding and decoding technology, carries out comprehensive coding according to coding priorities of identification response (M1, M2, M3/A), navigation management response (MC, MS), collision avoidance and ADS-B, and carries out comprehensive decoding according to pulse characteristics of different response modes and data integrity of DPSK; only one set of encoder and decoder is needed after the multi-mode coding and decoding technology is adopted to realize the comprehensive coding.
Similarly, the collision avoidance processing software of the conventional collision avoidance device processing module needs a set of independent computer board, and the monitoring software needs a set of independent computer board. The scheme adopts a monitoring/anti-collision comprehensive processing technology of tight scheduling to carry out a multithread scheduling mechanism, constructs a software architecture which takes an S mode inquiry response, a C mode inquiry response and an ADS-B message as input and takes a display alarm, a voice alarm and a target display as output, realizes the functions of local machine tracking, target machine tracking, threat tracking, traffic alarm, decision alarm, multi-machine threat, alarm system and the like, and finishes the anti-collision and monitoring comprehensive processing on one computer board.
When the identification inquiry signal, the navigation management inquiry signal and the ADS-B information transmitted by the target aircraft are simultaneously received, the multi-mode coding technology codes according to the coding priority of the identification response (M1, M2, M3/A), the navigation management response (MC, MS), the anti-collision and the ADS-B.
The comprehensive antenna module is used for realizing omnidirectional radiation and directional radiation, wherein the omnidirectional radiation is the reception of one path of omnidirectional 1030MHz radio frequency signals and the transmission of 1090MHz radio frequency signals; the directional radiation is the reception of four directional 1090MHz radio frequency signals and the transmission of 1030MHz radio frequency signals.
The traditional anti-collision equipment needs a multi-path receiving channel and a multi-path transmitting channel, the response needs the multi-path receiving channel and the multi-path transmitting channel, and the ADS-B needs the multi-path receiving channel and the multi-path transmitting channel; the comprehensive radio frequency processing shares front-end receiving circuits such as amplitude limiting, amplifying and the like, and adopts digital intermediate frequency receiving processing to carry out frequency conversion, filtering and demodulation, thereby simplifying the receiving of the original anti-collision/response/ADS-B. The digital radio frequency transmission technology is adopted, a transmitting channel digital processing directly generates a 1030MHz or 1090MHz modulation signal source, the signal is modulated, filtered and driven to a required power level for transmitting through DA, time-sharing transmission is carried out through a diversity switch and an antenna selection switch, and the original anti-collision/response/ADS-B multi-path transmission is simplified.
The design of a comprehensive antenna module shared by omnidirectional and directional radiation is adopted, and the comprehensive antenna module is a passive antenna. On the basis of the original response omnidirectional antenna of the small aircraft, the aerial anti-collision function can be newly added on the basis of the original response function by replacing the response antenna with the comprehensive antenna module without adding an antenna installation position, and the traditional aerial anti-collision, air traffic control response, identification response and ADS-B independent equipment respectively and independently use a plurality of antennas. The antenna, the radio frequency and the processing are creatively and comprehensively designed, and the functions of air collision prevention, air traffic control response (A/C/S mode response), identification response and ADS-B (IN and OUT) can be realized by using one comprehensive antenna module and one omnidirectional antenna module.
Further optimized scheme is that the integrated antenna module comprises: four vertically polarized monopole arrays, a directional feed network and an equal power division network;
the directional feed network is used for realizing power distribution of input radio frequency signals, ensuring a preset specific phase relation and forming directional radiation of antenna beams;
the equipower distribution network is used for distributing four paths of signals with equal amplitude and same phase formed by input radio frequency signals to four vertically polarized monopole arrays to synthesize omnidirectional radiation.
The antenna module comprises 1 central port and 4 peripheral ports, wherein the 4 peripheral ports are respectively arranged around the antenna, the central port is arranged in the center of the antenna, the 4 peripheral ports respectively feed the four vertically polarized monopole arrays through a directional feed network to form directional radiation in four directions, namely front, rear, left and right, and the central port distributes the four vertically polarized monopole arrays through an equal power distribution network to form omnidirectional radiation.
The omnidirectional antenna module can also receive response (1090MHz), ADS-B IN, identification query and air traffic control query (1030MHz) radio frequency signals of the TCAS query target aircraft, and send TCAS query (1030MHz), ADS-B OUT, identification response and air traffic control response (1090MHz) radio frequency signals.
This scheme still provides an aircraft machine carries integrated collision avoidance system implementation method, is applied to foretell machine carries integrated collision avoidance system, includes:
the omnidirectional antenna module and the comprehensive antenna module receive and identify the inquiry signal, the navigation management inquiry signal and the ADS-B information transmitted by the target aircraft and transmit the ADS-B information to the comprehensive processing host;
the comprehensive processing host receives the identification inquiry signals and the navigation management inquiry signals to generate corresponding identification responses and navigation management responses, tracks ADS-B information transmitted by a target aircraft, and generates airborne ADS-B information;
the comprehensive processing host sends the identification response, the navigation management response and the carrier ADS-B information through the omnidirectional antenna module and the comprehensive antenna module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention provides an aircraft airborne comprehensive anti-collision system and an implementation method thereof, which can avoid the situation that a plurality of antenna devices required by an anti-collision system are additionally arranged on the body of a small aircraft by configuring a comprehensive antenna module, solve the problem that the body of the small aircraft cannot be additionally provided with devices, simultaneously generate corresponding identification response and navigation management response by receiving an identification inquiry signal and a navigation management inquiry signal through a comprehensive processing host, inquire a target aircraft in a C mode and an S mode, track response information and ADS-B information transmitted by the target aircraft, generate carrier ADS-B information to realize the ADS-B OUT function, simultaneously realize the functions of comprehensive response, ADS-B and anti-collision system, and greatly reduce the resources of antennas, size and weight of the additionally-arranged devices of the body of the small aircraft.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that those skilled in the art may also derive other related drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a collision avoidance system for an aircraft;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated antenna.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and the accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides an aircraft onboard integrated collision avoidance system, as shown in fig. 1, including: the system comprises an omnidirectional antenna module, a comprehensive antenna module and a comprehensive processing host;
the omnidirectional antenna module and the comprehensive antenna module are used for receiving identification inquiry signals, navigation management response signals transmitted by a target aircraft and ADS-B information;
the comprehensive processing host is used for receiving the identification inquiry signal and the navigation management inquiry signal to generate a corresponding identification response and a corresponding navigation management response, and is also used for inquiring the target aircraft in a C mode and an S mode and tracking the response and ADS-B information transmitted by the target aircraft; the comprehensive processing host is also used for generating ADS-B information of the transmitting carrier;
the identification response, the navigation management response, the airborne collision avoidance query and the airborne ADS-B information are sent out through the omnidirectional antenna module and the comprehensive antenna module.
The comprehensive processing host is also used for receiving the response signal transmitted by the target aircraft and analyzing the response signal in real time to obtain the relative distance, the relative altitude and the relative speed information of the target aircraft;
the comprehensive processing host machine also evaluates the threat degree of the target aircraft approaching the aircraft based on the relative distance, the relative altitude and the relative speed information of the target aircraft, and generates air anti-collision warning information according to the threat degree.
The comprehensive processing host is further used for transmitting the air anti-collision warning information to the comprehensive display for displaying through a 1553B bus, and sending the air anti-collision warning information to the target aircraft through the data link of the S-mode response.
The integrated processing host comprises: the device comprises a power supply unit, a transmitting and receiving unit and a processing unit; the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the processing unit and the transceiving unit and receiving a discrete control signal for powering on the carrier; the receiving and transmitting unit is integrally configured for receiving and transmitting.
The receiving and transmitting unit is used for receiving the directional channel intermediate frequency signal of the comprehensive antenna module, and outputting a TCAS/ADS-B signal after AD sampling and digital processing of the directional channel intermediate frequency signal;
the receiving and sending unit is used for receiving the omnidirectional channel intermediate frequency signal of the comprehensive antenna module, and outputting a response inquiry ASK signal and a DPSK signal after AD sampling and digital processing are carried out on the omnidirectional channel intermediate frequency signal;
the receiving and transmitting unit is also used for receiving the omnidirectional channel intermediate frequency signal of the omnidirectional antenna module, and one path of the omnidirectional channel intermediate frequency signal is subjected to AD sampling and digital processing to output a TCAS/ADS-B signal; and the other path outputs a response inquiry ASK signal and a response DPSK signal through AD sampling and digital processing.
The processing unit comprises an FPGA signal processing mechanism, an anti-collision monitoring processing mechanism and a response processing mechanism;
the FPGA signal processing mechanism completes the interaction of power-on control, locking, atmospheric data and radio height with a target aircraft, and meanwhile, the FPGA signal processing mechanism completes the coding and decoding of air collision avoidance, navigation management response, identification response and ADS-B decoding through the same FPGA.
The comprehensive antenna module is used for realizing omnidirectional radiation and directional radiation, wherein the omnidirectional radiation is the receiving of a path of omnidirectional 1030MHz radio frequency signals and the transmitting of 1090MHz radio frequency signals; the directional radiation is the reception of four directional 1090MHz radio frequency signals and the transmission of 1030MHz radio frequency signals.
As shown in fig. 2, the integrated antenna module includes: four vertically polarized monopole arrays, a directional feed network and an equal power division network;
the directional feed network is used for realizing power distribution of input radio frequency signals, ensuring a preset specific phase relation and forming directional radiation of antenna beams;
the equipower distribution network is used for distributing four paths of signals with equal amplitude and same phase formed by input radio frequency signals to four vertically polarized monopole arrays to synthesize omnidirectional radiation.
The antenna module comprises 1 central port and 4 peripheral ports, wherein the 4 peripheral ports are respectively arranged around the antenna, the central port is arranged in the center of the antenna, the 4 peripheral ports respectively feed the four vertically polarized monopole arrays through the directional feed network to form directional radiation in the front direction, the rear direction, the left direction and the right direction, and the central port distributes the four vertically polarized monopole arrays through the equal power distribution network to form omnidirectional radiation.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an implementation method of an aircraft airborne comprehensive collision avoidance system, which is applied to the aircraft airborne collision avoidance system of the previous embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
the omnidirectional antenna module and the comprehensive antenna module receive and identify the inquiry signal, the navigation management inquiry signal and the ADS-B information transmitted by the target aircraft and transmit the ADS-B information to the comprehensive processing host;
the comprehensive processing host machine identifies the inquiry signal and manages the inquiry signal and produces corresponding identification response and management response, and carry on the tracking processing to ADS-B information that the target aircraft launches, still produce the carrier ADS-B information;
the comprehensive processing host sends the identification response, the navigation management response and the carrier ADS-B information through the omnidirectional antenna module and the comprehensive antenna module.
The aircraft is powered on through the air/ground discrete interface control integrated processing host.
The comprehensive processing host receives airplane information such as atmospheric altitude, radio altitude, longitude and latitude, flight number, S mode address, A code and the like through a 1553B bus, and sends the position of a target airplane monitored by collision avoidance, the position of a target aircraft monitored by ADS-B and collision avoidance warning information to the airplane comprehensive display for display.
The integrated processing host machine receives the identification inquiry or navigation management inquiry signal through the integrated antenna or the omnidirectional antenna, and then demodulates and decodes the signal. Then, the comprehensive processing host machine carries out corresponding identification response or navigation management response coding, and carries out modulation and transmission through a comprehensive antenna or an omnidirectional antenna, so as to realize the identification response or navigation management response function.
The comprehensive processing host receives ADS-B information transmitted by the target aircraft through a directional channel or an omnidirectional antenna of the comprehensive antenna, demodulates and decodes the ADS-B information, tracks and processes the ADS-B data of the target aircraft, and sends the ADS-B information to the comprehensive display through a 1553B bus to display the ADS-B IN information, so that the ADS-B IN function is realized. The comprehensive processing host carries OUT ADS-B coding on the received information of the carriers such as longitude and latitude, flight number and the like, and modulates the information and transmits the information through a comprehensive antenna or an omnidirectional antenna to realize the ADS-B OUT function. The integrated processing host machine carries out inquiry coding on a target aircraft within a 360-degree range within a period of 1 second, and modulates and transmits an inquiry signal (1030MHz) through an integrated antenna directional channel or an omnidirectional antenna. And then, the comprehensive processing host receives the response signal of the target aircraft, demodulates and decodes the response signal to obtain the relative distance, the relative height and the relative speed information of the target aircraft, monitors and tracks the target aircraft, evaluates the threat degree of the target aircraft approaching the aircraft, generates an air anti-collision alarm, sends anti-collision alarm information to the target aircraft through a data link of S-mode response to cooperatively avoid collision, and transmits the position information and the alarm information of the target aircraft to a comprehensive display through a 1553B bus to be displayed, so that the air anti-collision alarm function is realized.
The comprehensive processing host machine mainly comprises a power supply unit, a transceiving unit and a processing unit. The power supply unit mainly supplies power for the processing unit and the transceiving unit and receives the discrete control signal of the power-on of the carrier. The receiving and transmitting unit adopts the integrated design of receiving and transmitting, mainly comprises 6 receiving channels, 6 transmitting channels, digital processing and the like, and reduces 3 receiving channels and 3 transmitting channels compared with the traditional equipment. The receiving and transmitting unit receives signals of 4 directional channels of the integrated antenna, 1 omnidirectional channel of the integrated antenna and 1 omnidirectional channel of the omnidirectional antenna. 5 paths of radio frequency signals (1090MHz/1030MHz) of the receiving comprehensive antenna module form 4 paths of directional channel signals (1090MHz) and 1 path of omnidirectional channel signals (1030MHz) after amplitude limiting, amplification and frequency conversion filtering. And mixing the received 4 paths of directional channel signals to form an intermediate frequency signal, and outputting 4 paths of TCAS/ADS-B signal amplitudes after AD sampling and digital processing. And the received omnidirectional channel intermediate frequency signal of the comprehensive antenna module outputs 1 path of response inquiry ASK signal and 1 path of DPSK signal through AD sampling and digital processing. The signal of the omnidirectional antenna module is received and divided into two paths, one path of signal is mixed to generate an intermediate frequency signal, 1 path of TCAS/ADS-B signal is output through AD sampling and digital processing, one path of signal is mixed to generate an intermediate frequency signal, and 1 path of ASK signal and 1 path of DPSK signal are output through AD sampling and digital processing.
The processing unit is designed by adopting comprehensive processing and mainly comprises an FPGA signal processing mechanism, an anti-collision monitoring processing mechanism, a response processing mechanism and the like. And the FPGA signal processing mechanism completes information interaction with the aircraft, locking, atmospheric data, radio altitude and the like. Meanwhile, the FPGA signal processing mechanism adopts comprehensive signal processing to complete air collision avoidance, air traffic control response (A/C/S mode response), response identification coding and decoding and ADS-B decoding by using one FPGA, and 2 encoders and decoders are reduced compared with the traditional equipment. The collision avoidance monitoring processing mechanism adopts one processor to complete the monitoring and tracking of the TCAS and ADS-B target airplanes and the processing of the TCAS collision avoidance warning, and compared with the traditional equipment, 1 processor is reduced. The response processing unit adopts one processor to realize the processing of mode response of MA/MC/MS, M1/M2/M3 and the like and ADS-B OUT, and 1 processor is reduced compared with the traditional device.
The invention adopts the comprehensive antenna which is designed by the comprehensive design of the omnidirectional channel and the directional channel to realize the functions of air collision avoidance, response (MA/MC/MS, M1/M2/M3 and other mode responses) and ADS-B (IN, OUT), and compared with the original traditional equipment, 2 antennas are reduced; the comprehensive processing host machine adopts the comprehensive radio frequency and comprehensive processing design of the receiving channel and the transmitting channel, reduces 3 paths of receiving channels, 3 paths of transmitting channels, 1 processor, 2 encoders and decoders, realizes aerial collision avoidance, response (MA/MC/MS, M1/M2/M3 and other mode responses) and ADS-B functions, and reduces the volume and the weight by one third compared with the original traditional equipment.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An aircraft airborne integrated collision avoidance system, comprising: the system comprises an omnidirectional antenna module, a comprehensive antenna module and a comprehensive processing host;
the omnidirectional antenna module and the comprehensive antenna module are used for receiving identification inquiry signals, navigation management response signals transmitted by a target aircraft and ADS-B information;
the comprehensive processing host is used for receiving the identification inquiry signal and the navigation management inquiry signal to generate a corresponding identification response and a corresponding navigation management response, and is also used for inquiring the target aircraft in a C mode and an S mode and tracking the response and ADS-B information transmitted by the target aircraft; the comprehensive processing host is also used for generating ADS-B information of the transmitting carrier;
the identification response, the navigation management response signal, the airborne collision avoidance inquiry and the airborne ADS-B information are sent out through the omnidirectional antenna module and the comprehensive antenna module.
2. The aircraft-onboard comprehensive anti-collision system according to claim 1, wherein the comprehensive processing host is further configured to receive the reply signal transmitted by the target aircraft, and analyze the reply signal in real time to obtain the relative distance, relative altitude and relative speed information of the target aircraft;
the comprehensive processing host machine also evaluates the threat degree of the target aircraft approaching the aircraft based on the relative distance, the relative altitude and the relative speed information of the target aircraft, and generates air anti-collision warning information according to the threat degree.
3. The integrated collision avoidance system on board an aircraft of claim 2, wherein the integrated processing host is further configured to transmit the air collision avoidance warning message to the integrated display for display via a 1553B bus, and to send the air collision avoidance warning message to the target aircraft via an S-mode acknowledged data link.
4. An aircraft airborne integrated collision avoidance system according to claim 2, wherein said integrated processing mainframe comprises: the device comprises a power supply unit, a transmitting and receiving unit and a processing unit; the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the processing unit and the transceiving unit and receiving a discrete control signal for powering on the carrier; the receiving and transmitting unit is integrally configured for receiving and transmitting.
5. The aircraft airborne integrated collision avoidance system of claim 4, wherein the transceiver unit is configured to receive the directional channel intermediate frequency signal of the integrated antenna module, and output a TCAS/ADs-B signal after AD sampling and digital processing of the directional channel intermediate frequency signal;
the receiving and transmitting unit is used for receiving the omnidirectional channel intermediate frequency signal of the comprehensive antenna module, and outputting a response inquiry ASK signal and a response DPSK signal after AD sampling and digital processing are carried out on the omnidirectional channel intermediate frequency signal;
the receiving and transmitting unit is also used for receiving the omnidirectional channel intermediate frequency signal of the omnidirectional antenna module, and one path of the omnidirectional channel intermediate frequency signal is subjected to AD sampling and digital processing to output a TCAS/ADS-B signal; and the other path outputs ASK signals and DPSK signals through AD sampling and digital processing.
6. The integrated collision avoidance system on board an aircraft of claim 4, wherein said processing unit includes an FPGA signal processing mechanism, a collision avoidance monitoring processing mechanism, and an acknowledgement processing mechanism;
the FPGA signal processing mechanism completes the interaction with the locking of a target aircraft, the interaction of atmospheric data and the radio height, and meanwhile, the FPGA signal processing mechanism completes the anti-collision, navigation management response, identification response and ADS-B encoding and decoding through the same FPGA.
7. The aircraft-onboard integrated collision avoidance system according to claim 1, wherein the integrated antenna module is configured to implement omnidirectional radiation and directional radiation, the omnidirectional radiation being reception of a single omnidirectional 1030MHz radio frequency signal and transmission of a 1090MHz radio frequency signal; the directional radiation is the reception of four directional 1090MHz radio frequency signals and the transmission of 1030MHz radio frequency signals.
8. The integrated collision avoidance system on-board an aircraft of claim 7, wherein said integrated antenna module comprises: four vertically polarized monopole arrays, a directional feed network and an equal power division network;
the directional feed network is used for realizing power distribution of input radio frequency signals, ensuring a preset specific phase relation and forming directional radiation of antenna beams;
the equipower distribution network is used for distributing four paths of signals with equal amplitude and same phase formed by input radio frequency signals to four vertically polarized monopole arrays to synthesize omnidirectional radiation.
9. The aircraft airborne integrated collision avoidance system according to claim 8, wherein the integrated antenna module comprises 1 central port and 4 peripheral ports, the 4 peripheral ports are respectively disposed around the antenna, the central port is disposed in the center of the antenna, the 4 peripheral ports respectively feed the four vertically polarized monopole elements through the directional feed network to form directional radiation in four directions, namely front, rear, left and right directions, and the central port distributes the four vertically polarized monopole elements through the equal power distribution network to form omnidirectional radiation.
10. An implementation method of an aircraft onboard integrated collision avoidance system, which is applied to the onboard integrated collision avoidance system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises the following steps:
the omnidirectional antenna module and the comprehensive antenna module receive the inquiry signal, the navigation management inquiry signal and the ADS-B information transmitted by the target aircraft and transmit the ADS-B information to the comprehensive processing host;
the comprehensive processing host receives the identification inquiry signal and the navigation management inquiry signal to generate a corresponding identification response and a corresponding navigation management response, tracks ADS-B information transmitted by a target aircraft, and generates carrier ADS-B information;
the comprehensive processing host sends the identification response, the navigation management response and the carrier ADS-B information through the omnidirectional antenna module and the comprehensive antenna module.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210395151.6A CN114664124B (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Airborne comprehensive anti-collision system of aircraft and implementation method thereof |
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| CN202210395151.6A CN114664124B (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Airborne comprehensive anti-collision system of aircraft and implementation method thereof |
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| CN117879629A (en) * | 2024-03-13 | 2024-04-12 | 成都正扬博创电子技术有限公司 | Response signal processing method and device of airborne collision avoidance system |
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| CN114664124B (en) | 2023-05-02 |
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