CN114662317A - Design method of single-pipe tower wind pressure early warning device - Google Patents
Design method of single-pipe tower wind pressure early warning device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a design method of a single-pipe tower wind pressure early warning device, and belongs to the technical field of single-pipe tower monitoring. The problem of because of the wind pressure too big single-pipe tower's of the not co-altitude sidesway early warning that leads to is solved. The technical scheme is as follows: the wind pressure threshold value of the single-pipe tower is calculated by carrying out statics analysis on wind power, gravity and strain force of the tower top of the iron tower under the P-DeIta effect, and when the wind pressure is not in the threshold value range, an alarm is triggered. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the early warning device comprises a single-pipe tower wind pressure threshold value calculation method based on a P-DeIta effect and an embedded judgment device, wherein the device can calculate the wind pressure threshold value of the single-pipe tower according to the height of the tower and send out a warning function when the wind pressure exceeds the threshold value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of single-pipe tower monitoring, in particular to a design method of a single-pipe tower wind pressure early warning device.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of wireless communication technology, communication single-pipe towers are increasingly deployed and applied. However, due to the influence of natural climate, the iron tower is likely to generate horizontal displacement due to excessive wind pressure. According to technical requirements of communication iron towers: at the load criteria combination where wind loads dominate, the horizontal displacement of the tower top should not be greater than 1/40 for the tower height. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the gravity of the tower body is in the vertical direction, the horizontal displacement of the single-tube tower is further increased, and additional force is generated by all components in the structure, and the phenomenon is called as P-DeIta effect. The inclination and collapse of the iron tower caused by the P-DeIta effect can not only cause the interruption of the communication network, but also even cause traffic accidents near the single-pipe tower, which brings potential safety hazards to the normal work of the communication network. Therefore, the method is particularly important for monitoring the wind pressure borne by the tower body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a design method of a single-pipe tower wind pressure early warning device, which comprises a single-pipe tower wind pressure threshold value calculation method based on a P-DeIta effect and an embedded judgment device, wherein the device can calculate the wind pressure threshold value of the single-pipe tower according to the height of the tower and send out an alarm function when the wind pressure exceeds the threshold value.
The invention is realized by the following measures: a design method of a single pipe tower wind pressure early warning device is a single pipe tower wind pressure threshold value calculation method and an embedded judgment device based on a P-DeIta effect, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a shape function of the single-tube tower based on a flexible line equation and the single-tube tower model; establishing a corner equivalent model based on a shape function of the single-tube tower; based on the P-DeIta effect, carrying out stress analysis on the top of the single-tube tower, and respectively establishing wind power, strain force and gravity formulas borne by the top of the tower; based on the static equilibrium law, three mechanical formulas are combined and solved, and the calculation flow is shown in figure 1;
step two: the wind pressure threshold calculation of the single-pipe tower is completed on the terminal equipment by combining the data preset by the user on the terminal equipment; the wind pressure data acquisition of the single-pipe tower is realized based on a wind pressure sensor arranged on a platform of the single-pipe tower; based on the micro-control processor and the wireless communication module, the transmission of the sampling data to the terminal equipment is realized; based on the terminal equipment, the comparison calculation of the sampled data and the wind pressure threshold is realized, when the sampled data exceeds the wind pressure threshold, the terminal equipment sends out an alarm action, and the judgment flow is shown in fig. 2;
the first step comprises the following specific steps:
s11, l is the height of the iron tower, V (x) is the lateral shift at the x position, and delta is the lateral shift value of the iron tower, and the flexible line equation is utilized:
v＝C1x3+C2x2+C3x+C4
and establishing a shape function according to the boundary condition of the single-tube tower. Wherein, constant C1、C2、C3、C4The following condition is satisfied, when x is 0: v ═ 0, v' ═ 0, v ≠ 0. When x ═ l: v' ≠ 0, v ≠ 0
Assuming that when x is equal to l, v is equal to δ, further determined by the above formula:
according to the stipulation in the communication iron tower technology, the maximum lateral displacement value of the wind load of the single-pipe tower cannot exceed one forty times of the length of the tower, and then the critical condition of the maximum lateral displacement value of the tower top is further considered as follows:
because the side shift value delta is small, the rotation angle of the side shift value delta on the flexural function is small, and the inclination angle of the iron tower and the inclination angle of the equivalent rotation angle model can be regarded as equal, namely theta1The angle theta is approximately equal to 1.4 degrees;
step S12:
utilizing a wind load calculation formula:
w＝βzμsμzμrw0
wherein w is the wind load of the iron tower in unit area, and w is0Is the basic wind pressure, murTo adjust the coefficient for the reconstruction period, muzIs the wind pressure variation coefficient mu at the Z heightsIs the wind load shape coefficient, betazIs the coefficient at the Z height.
Due to the gravity of the tower body under the vertical action, the horizontal displacement of the single-tube tower is further increased and additional force is generated by each component in the structure, and the phenomenon is called P-DeIta effect. When the wind load on the tower top is considered, mu is measuredz、βzThe value is set at the tower l, the model of the stress of the tower body is shown in figure 4, and the diameters of the tower at different heights are set as a function Di(x) And then the diameter at the top of the column is Dl(x) The wind force on the tower top is as follows:
F＝wDl(x)V(x)
using the strain energy formula for a single tube column:
and bending moment and curvature formula when the beam is bent
M(x)＝EIv″
Deducing a strain force formula of the tower from a strain energy formula and a bending moment curvature formula into
Wherein E is the modulus of elasticity, IlIs the moment of inertia at the tower height l.
The tower body is divided into a plurality of small sections by the idea of differentiation, and the line weight of each section is obtained as follows:
dGi(x)＝gi(x)dx
wherein G isi(x) Is the total weight of the i-th tower body, gi(x) Is the line weight of the section i tower.
The formula for the line weight is further given as:
gi(x)＝πρgti(Di(x)-ti)
wherein rho is the density of the tower body material, g is the gravity acceleration, and t isiThe thickness at the tower i is indicated.
The total weight of the tower is then:
step S13: the stress of the tower top reaches balance when the tower top is at the maximum lateral displacement value, and the stress analysis is carried out on the tower top, wherein the stress analysis is as shown in figure 5, H.sin theta is the horizontal component of the strain force and is counteracted with the wind power; h · cos θ is the vertical component of the strain force and cancels out the gravity, and the simultaneous equations are as follows:
the wind force value at the maximum lateral displacement value can be calculated, and the basic wind pressure value w can be further deduced by a simultaneous wind load calculation formula0。
The second step comprises the following specific steps:
s21: the wind pressure sensor is arranged at the top of the single-pipe tower and used for acquiring a real-time wind pressure signal; the microprocessor module and the wireless communication module are arranged on the inner tower wall of the single-pipe tower through strong magnetism and are used for processing the wind pressure signal and reporting data; the cloud platform is responsible for receiving and sending the wind pressure data, and graphically shows on terminal equipment, provides abundant state and operation and maintenance data for iron tower operation and maintenance personnel.
S22: controlling a wind pressure sensor to continuously acquire real-time wind pressure data; the real-time wind pressure data are sent to the microprocessor, the microprocessor processes the data according to an agreed protocol and sends the data to the cloud platform server through the wireless communication module; after the cloud platform server receives the data, real-time wind pressure data can be displayed on the terminal equipment; the user sets the height of the single-pipe tower on the terminal equipment in advance, and the wind pressure threshold value of the single-pipe tower is determined based on the algorithm of the step S1, and the wind pressure threshold value corresponding to the single-pipe tower can be displayed on the terminal equipment; when the data received by the cloud platform server does not exceed the wind pressure threshold, the whole judgment device works normally; when the wind pressure data received by the cloud platform server is larger than a wind pressure threshold value, an alarm behavior can be triggered on the terminal equipment;
according to the calculation method and the judgment type device provided by the invention, the wind pressure data is obtained through the sensor, the preset tower height determines the wind pressure threshold value through the calculation method, and the obtained wind pressure and the wind pressure threshold value are judged whether to give an alarm or not, so that the inclination effect of the single-pipe tower caused by the P-DeIta effect is quantized, the inclination effect of the single-pipe tower can be quantitatively evaluated, and the real-time monitoring effect of the single-pipe tower is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention does not need regular manual inspection, and has lower cost compared with the prior art; the invention can display the wind pressure data on the terminal equipment in real time, and is convenient to use compared with the prior art; compared with the prior art, the method for calculating the wind pressure threshold based on the P-DeIta effect is more reliable; the judgment device can be determined according to the tower height preset by a user and real-time wind pressure data, so that operation and maintenance personnel can more easily perform preventive maintenance, and the production efficiency is improved.
(2) According to the calculation method and the judgment type device provided by the invention, the wind pressure data is obtained through the sensor, the preset tower height determines the wind pressure threshold value through the calculation method, the obtained wind pressure and the wind pressure threshold value are judged whether to give an alarm action, and the single-pipe tower inclination effect caused by the P-DeIta effect is quantized, so that the inclination effect of the single-pipe tower can be quantitatively evaluated, and the real-time monitoring effect of the single-pipe tower is improved.
(3) The invention provides a design method of a single-pipe tower wind pressure early warning device, which comprises a P-DeIta effect-based single-pipe tower wind pressure threshold value calculation method and an embedded judgment device, wherein the device can calculate the wind pressure threshold value of a single-pipe tower according to the height of the tower and send out an alarm function when the wind pressure exceeds the threshold value.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for calculating a wind pressure threshold of a single-pipe tower according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the single-tube tower embedded type determination device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single-tube tower structure model according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a stress model of a single-tube tower based on the P-DeIta effect according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the stress analysis of the top of the single-tube tower based on the P-DeIta effect according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an equivalent view of the corner of a single tube column of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the overall framework of the single-tube tower embedded type determination device of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the single pipe tower early warning device in the invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a single-tube tower simulated by ANSYS in the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the wind pressure distribution of the tower body of the single-tube tower simulated by ANSYS in the invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a SPSS-fitted single-tower top displacement value curve with wind pressure variation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 11, the technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, and it is noted that the wind pressure threshold of the single-pipe tower is compared with ANSYS simulation through calculation, and the effectiveness of the method is verified.
The user inputs the height of the tower on the terminal equipment in advance, the height of the tower is set to be 35m, the maximum lateral displacement value of the wind load of the single-pipe tower is regulated to be less than one forty times of the length of the tower according to the communication iron tower technology, and then the critical condition of the maximum lateral displacement value of the tower top is further considered as follows:
the corresponding side shift value δ is 0.875m as shown in fig. 6, since the side shift value δ is small, the rotation angle on the flexural function is also small, and the tilt angle of the iron tower and the tilt angle of the equivalent rotation angle model can be regarded as equal, that is, θ1≈θ，tanθ1Calculated θ was 1.4 ° as 0.025.
l is the height of the iron tower, V (x) is the lateral shift at the x position, and delta is the lateral shift value of the iron tower, and the shape function formula of the single-tube tower is as follows:
as shown in fig. 4, the single-pipe tower mainly comprises gravity, wind power and strain force when receiving wind load; the stress analysis is performed on the top of the single-tube tower, as shown in fig. 5, the vertical component of the tower top strain force offsets with gravity, the horizontal component of the strain force offsets with wind power, and the concrete formula is as follows:
therefore, the corresponding wind power can be calculated by knowing the gravity and the strain force; the corresponding gravity formula should be
The corresponding formula of the strain force should be
Wherein E is the modulus of elasticity, I is the moment of inertia at the tower top, Gi(x) Is the total weight of the i-th tower body, gi(x) Is the line weight of the section i tower.
The wind force formula at the tower top is shown as follows
F＝wDl(x)V(x)
At the moment, the basic wind pressure can be calculated by knowing the specific w value; the wind load calculation formula is shown as follows
w＝βzμsμzμrw0
Wherein w is the wind load of the iron tower in unit area, and w is0Is the basic wind pressure, murTo adjust the coefficient for the reconstruction period, muzIs the wind pressure variation coefficient, mu, at Z heightsIs the wind load shape coefficient, betazIs the coefficient at the Z height.
The method is utilized to carry out basic wind pressure value w on P-DeIta effect of the iron tower monitored by the monitoring system0And calculating, wherein after calculation is carried out by combining the actual condition of the iron tower, the calculated basic wind pressure value is about 352 pa.
Then modeling the iron tower in ANSYS software, wherein models are shown in FIG. 9, starting from 0pa to 400pa, manually adjusting the wind pressure parameters of the iron tower with the step length of 20pa, and then performing data fitting on 21 sets of obtained side shift values in SPSS software, and it can be intuitively seen from FIG. 11 that a function for describing the wind pressure and the side shift values by a cubic equation is more optimal, and the customized equation is as follows:
Y＝0.3810152456239313-0.3363265294329377*x+0.00162593941622832*x2-2.395180350414909×10-6*x3
since the tower height given by the iron tower company is 35m, the air pressure value is about 376pa by substituting the formula with Y of 87.5 cm. The wind load was set to 376pa on ANSYS, where the interface in ANSYS is as shown in figure 10. When the tower height is 35m, the calculation result obtained by the P-DeIta effect-based single-pipe tower wind pressure threshold calculation method is 352pa close to 376pa of ANSYS simulation, and therefore the effectiveness of the calculation method is verified.
As shown in fig. 8:
the wind pressure sensor is arranged at the top of the single-pipe tower and used for acquiring a real-time wind pressure signal; the microprocessor module and the wireless communication module are arranged on the inner tower wall of the single-pipe tower through strong magnetism and are used for processing the wind pressure signal and reporting data; the cloud platform is responsible for receiving and sending the wind pressure data, and graphically displays the wind pressure data on the terminal equipment, so that rich state and operation and maintenance data are provided for iron tower operation and maintenance personnel.
The method comprises the steps that a wind pressure sensor continuously acquires real-time wind pressure data; the real-time wind pressure data are sent to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor processes the data and sends the data to the cloud platform server through the wireless communication module; after the cloud platform server receives the data, real-time wind pressure data can be displayed on the terminal equipment; if the user sets the height of the single-pipe tower to be 35m in advance on the terminal equipment, based on the algorithm of the step S1, the wind pressure threshold value displayed on the terminal equipment is 352 pa; when the data received by the cloud platform server does not exceed 352pa, the whole judging device works normally; when the wind pressure data received by the cloud platform server is larger than 352pa, an alarm behavior can be triggered on the terminal equipment.
In this embodiment, the microprocessor includes a timer unit, so that by setting the timer, the acquisition time of the data can be recorded, the acquisition duration of the data can be definitely determined, or a longer acquisition period can be preset, so that a large amount of data is obtained to support the monitoring result, and the obtained wind pressure data is more reliable;
in this embodiment, the terminal device may not only display the value of the wind pressure threshold, but also display the wind pressure, the collecting time, and the collecting duration collected by the wind pressure sensor in real time;
furthermore, operation and maintenance personnel can manually set the time step length of data collected by the wind pressure sensor on the terminal equipment, the data sent by the operation and maintenance personnel are uploaded to the cloud platform server and sent to the wireless communication module of the microprocessor, and the microprocessor controls the timer unit and determines the corresponding time step length after receiving the data;
in this embodiment, if the collected wind pressure data is greater than a wind pressure threshold corresponding to a preset tower height, the terminal device triggers an alarm;
in this embodiment, the alarm behavior triggered by the terminal device may be any one or more of the following: telephone, short message, mail, ring tone;
in this embodiment, the terminal device may be any one or more of the following: mobile phones, desktop computers, notebook computers, tablets;
in the embodiment, the collected data are processed, analyzed and judged, so that quantitative monitoring of the single-pipe tower is facilitated, and convenience and basic data are provided for inspection personnel;
it can be understood that due to the characteristics of large base number, wide distribution range, multiple types and the like of the iron tower, the routing inspection process not only consumes labor and time, but also increases a lot of operation and maintenance costs; in order to prevent people from climbing the tower body at will, iron tower companies adopt hanging climbing warning boards and hollowed-out character spraying to warn the people to climb the tower, and the iron tower companies cannot know tower climbing information in time due to limited warning effect; because the iron towers are in different environments, fine problems in the operation process of the iron towers are not easy to find, and operation and maintenance personnel are difficult to perform preventive maintenance. Therefore, the wind pressure threshold value calculation method based on the P-DeIta effect and the embedded judgment device are beneficial to calculating the maximum inclination of the single-pipe tower in the prior art, so that the monitoring workload is reduced, and the monitoring resources are saved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. A design method of a single-pipe tower wind pressure early warning device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a shape function of the single-tube tower based on a flexible line equation and the single-tube tower model; establishing a corner equivalent model based on a shape function of the single-tube tower; based on the P-DeIta effect, carrying out stress analysis on the top of the single-tube tower, and respectively establishing formulas of wind power, strain force and gravity borne by the top of the tower; based on the static equilibrium law, three mechanical formulas are combined and solved;
s2, combining the data preset by the user on the terminal equipment, the wind pressure threshold calculation of the single-pipe tower is completed on the terminal equipment; the wind pressure sensor is arranged on the platform of the single-pipe tower and is used for acquiring wind pressure data of the single-pipe tower; based on the micro-control processor and the wireless communication module, transmitting the sampling data to the terminal equipment; and based on the terminal equipment, comparing and calculating the sampled data with the wind pressure threshold, and when the sampled data exceeds the wind pressure threshold, sending an alarm action by the terminal equipment.
2. The design method of the single-pipe tower wind pressure early warning device according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of the step S1 are as follows:
s11, l is the height of the iron tower, V (x) is the lateral shift at the x position, and delta is the lateral shift value of the iron tower, and the flexible line equation is utilized:
v＝C1x3+C2x2+C3x+C4
establishing a shape function based on the boundary conditions of the single-pipe tower, wherein the constant C1、C2、C3、C4The following condition is satisfied, when x is 0: v ═ 0, v '═ 0, v ≠ 0, v' ≠ 0; when x ═ l: v '≠ 0, v' ≠ 0
Assuming that when x is equal to l, v is equal to δ, further determined by the above formula:
because the maximum lateral shift value of the wind load of the single-pipe tower does not exceed one forty times of the length of the tower, the critical condition of considering the maximum lateral shift value of the tower top is as follows:
the side shift value delta is small, so the rotation angle of the side shift value delta on the flexural function is small, and the inclination angle of the iron tower and the inclination angle of the equivalent rotation angle model are considered to be equal, namely theta1The angle theta is approximately distributed, and the obtained angle theta is 1.4 degrees;
s12, utilizing a wind load calculation formula:
w＝βzμsμzμrw0
wherein w is the wind load of the iron tower in unit area, and w is0Is the basic wind pressure, murTo adjust the coefficient, μ, for the recurrence periodzIs the wind pressure variation coefficient, mu, at Z heightsIs the wind load shape coefficient, betazIs the Z height coefficient;
under the action of the gravity of the tower body in the vertical direction, the horizontal displacement of the single-tube tower is further increased, and additional force is generated by each component in the structure, the phenomenon is called P-DeIta effect, and when the condition that the wind load on the tower top is considered, mu is measuredz、βzSetting the diameter of the tower at different heights as a function Di(x) And then the diameter at the top of the column is Dl(x) The tower top receives wind power as follows:
F＝wDl(x)V(x)
using the strain energy formula for a single tube column:
and bending moment and curvature formula when the beam is bent
M(x)＝EIv”
Deducing a strain force formula of the tower from a strain energy formula and a bending moment curvature formula into
Wherein E is the modulus of elasticity, IlMoment of inertia at tower height l;
the tower body is divided into a plurality of small sections by the idea of differentiation, and the line weight of each section is obtained as follows:
dGi(x)＝gi(x)dx
wherein G isi(x) Is the total weight of the i-th tower body, gi(x) Is the line weight of the section i tower body;
the formula for the given line weight is:
gi(x)＝πρgti(Di(x)-ti)
wherein rho is the density of the tower body material, g is the gravity acceleration, and t isiRepresents the thickness at the tower i;
the total weight of the tower is then:
s13, balancing the stress of the tower top at the maximum lateral displacement value, analyzing the stress of the tower top, and balancing H.sin theta, which is the horizontal component of the strain force, with the wind force; h · cos θ is the vertical component of the strain force and cancels out the gravity, and the simultaneous equations are as follows:
calculating the wind power value at the maximum lateral displacement value, and using a simultaneous wind load calculation formula to deduce a basic wind pressure value w0。
3. The design method of the single pipe tower wind pressure early warning device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step S2 comprises the following steps:
s21, arranging a wind pressure sensor at the top of the single-pipe tower, and acquiring a real-time wind pressure signal; the microprocessor module and the wireless communication module are arranged on the inner tower wall of the single-pipe tower through strong magnetism and are used for processing the wind pressure signal and reporting data; the cloud platform is responsible for receiving and sending wind pressure data, graphically displays the wind pressure data on terminal equipment and provides a wind pressure data state and operation and maintenance data for iron tower operation and maintenance personnel;
s22, controlling the wind pressure sensor to continuously acquire real-time wind pressure data; the real-time wind pressure data are sent to the microprocessor, the microprocessor processes the data according to an agreed protocol and sends the data to the cloud platform server through the wireless communication module; after receiving the data, the cloud platform server displays real-time wind pressure data on the terminal equipment; a user sets the height of the single pipe tower on the terminal equipment in advance, determines the wind pressure threshold value of the single pipe tower based on the algorithm of the step S1, and displays the wind pressure threshold value corresponding to the single pipe tower on the terminal equipment; when the data received by the cloud platform server does not exceed the wind pressure threshold, the whole judgment device works normally; and when the wind pressure data received by the cloud platform server is greater than a wind pressure threshold value, triggering an alarm action on the terminal equipment.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117113784A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2023-11-24 | 中国铁塔股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for acquiring bearing state information of single-pipe tower |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117113784A (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2023-11-24 | 中国铁塔股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for acquiring bearing state information of single-pipe tower |
| CN117113784B (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2024-01-30 | 中国铁塔股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for acquiring bearing state information of single-pipe tower |
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