CN114659554A - Fault diagnosis method for biomass granulator - Google Patents

Fault diagnosis method for biomass granulator Download PDF

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CN114659554A
CN114659554A CN202210193325.0A CN202210193325A CN114659554A CN 114659554 A CN114659554 A CN 114659554A CN 202210193325 A CN202210193325 A CN 202210193325A CN 114659554 A CN114659554 A CN 114659554A
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fault
biomass
sampling periods
measured values
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CN114659554B (en
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刘立超
汤君杰
毕全鹏
郑泉
陈黎卿
王韦韦
张春岭
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Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/22—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by pressing in moulds or between rollers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • G01M99/005—Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass granulator fault diagnosis method, belonging to the technical field of biomass granulators; a biomass granulator fault diagnosis method comprises the steps of judging whether a fault monitoring parameter meets a preset fault reason judgment condition or not by collecting the fault monitoring parameter of a biomass granulator, determining a fault type when the fault monitoring parameter meets the preset fault judgment condition, and acquiring, outputting and storing running state information of a preset time period; by applying the technical scheme, when a fault occurs, namely the fault monitoring parameter meets a preset fault condition, the corresponding fault type can be determined, and the running state information of the relevant time period is output and stored, so that relevant equipment or technicians can accurately position the fault by analyzing the running state information, and further can quickly take corresponding measures to remove the fault.

Description

Fault diagnosis method for biomass granulator
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomass granulation machines, in particular to a biomass granulation machine fault diagnosis method.
Background
The common biomass particle forming quality problems mainly comprise biomass particle surface carbonization, biomass particle loosening and non-shaping and biomass particle size unqualified; the quality of the biomass particles greatly influences the use effect of the biomass particles, the biomass particles carbonized on the surface greatly influence the combustion performance of the biomass particles, the transportation of the biomass particles is influenced by unqualified sizes of the biomass particles, and the particles cannot be used directly when the particles are loose and not shaped; in the biomass particle forming process, the performance of the biomass particles is influenced by a plurality of factors, such as raw material water content, forming pressure, forming temperature and the like; meanwhile, the biomass granulator is easy to cause the problem of energy consumption increase due to abrasion of a ring die hole and impurity blockage in powder, and can seriously cause production accidents; at present, a method for troubleshooting the cause of the fault after the problem is caused is lacked, and in order to solve the problem, the invention provides a biomass granulator fault diagnosis method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biomass granulator fault diagnosis method, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology:
at present, a biomass granulator fault diagnosis method is lacked, and certain difficulty is brought to subsequent debugging and maintenance work.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a biomass granulator fault diagnosis method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting fault monitoring parameters of the biomass granulator, wherein the collected fault monitoring parameters comprise biomass particle surface carbonization degree, biomass particle forming density, biomass particle overall dimension and energy consumption parameters of the biomass granulator;
s2, judging whether the collected fault monitoring parameters meet preset fault reason judgment conditions;
s3, when the fault monitoring parameters collected in S2 meet the preset fault reason judgment conditions, determining the fault type according to the fault monitoring parameters, acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information of the preset time period, and starting to judge the fault reason;
s4, after the fault type is determined, collecting monitoring parameters of the fault reason of the biomass granulator, wherein the monitoring parameters of the fault reason comprise the temperature of a ring mould, the positive pressure of the inner surface of a ring mould hole, the rotating speed of a main motor, the production energy consumption, the production rate, the biomass particle forming density, the length-diameter ratio and the section shape;
and S5, judging whether the fault reason monitoring parameters collected in the S4 meet the preset fault reason judgment conditions or not, determining the specific fault reason, and acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information in the preset time period.
Preferably, the judgment conditions for the surface carbonization of the particles mentioned in S1 are as follows: the measured values of the ring mold temperature in continuous alpha sampling periods are all larger than a preset carbonization value L;
the preset fault reason judgment based on the biomass particle surface carbonization degree comprises a ring die hole blocking fault, a press roll gap parameter setting overlarge fault, a motor rotating speed setting overlarge fault and a raw material water content parameter setting overlarge fault;
wherein, the ring die orifice blocking fault judgment condition comprises: the measured values of the ring mold temperature in X continuous sampling periods are all larger than a preset temperature maximum value a, and the measured values of the production rate in Y continuous sampling periods are all reduced to b, wherein X and Y are positive integers;
the condition for judging the overlarge set fault of the compression roller gap parameter comprises the following steps:
1) the measured values of the ring die temperature in X continuous sampling periods are all smaller than a preset maximum temperature value a, and the measured values of the positive pressure in the ring die hole in Z continuous sampling periods are all larger than a preset maximum value c of the positive pressure in the ring die hole, wherein Z is a positive integer;
2) the measured values of the internal surface positive pressure of the ring die hole in continuous Z sampling periods are all larger than the maximum value c of the internal surface positive pressure of the preset ring die hole;
the motor rotating speed over-set fault judgment condition comprises the following steps: after eliminating the blocking fault of the die hole and the oversize fault of the parameter setting of the press roll gap, the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in continuous M sampling periods are all larger than the maximum value d of the rotating speed of the motor, wherein M is a positive integer;
the raw material moisture content parameter sets up too big fault judgment condition and includes: the faults including the blocking fault of the die hole, the overlarge fault of the parameter setting of the press roller gap and the overlarge fault of the rotating speed setting of the motor are eliminated.
Preferably, the forming density judgment condition of the biomass particles mentioned in S1 is: the measured values of the temperature of the ring die in continuous beta sampling periods are all larger than a preset carbonization value j;
the preset fault reasons based on the forming density of the biomass particles are judged to include the faults of over-low setting of the rotating speed of a motor, insufficient material or auger blockage, faults of a transmission belt or a bearing, over-small setting of a press roller gap and excessive wear failure of a die hole;
wherein, the motor speed sets up the low fault judgment condition of crossing and includes: the measured values of the production rate are all reduced to b in continuous Y sampling periods, and the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in continuous M sampling periods are all smaller than e;
insufficient materials or auger blockage fault judgment conditions comprise: the measured values of the production rate in continuous Y sampling periods are all reduced to b, the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in continuous M sampling periods are all larger than e, and meanwhile, the materials cannot fall correctly in continuous L sampling periods, wherein L is a positive integer;
the transmission belt or bearing fault judgment conditions comprise: the measured values of the production rate in continuous Y sampling periods are all reduced to b, and the fault that the rotating speed of the motor is too low, the material is insufficient or the auger is blocked is eliminated;
the condition for judging the set undersize fault of the compression roller gap comprises the following steps: the measured values of the production rate in two continuous Y sampling periods are all higher than b, and the measured values of the internal positive pressure of the circular mold hole in the continuous Z sampling periods are all smaller than the preset minimum value f of the internal positive pressure of the circular mold hole;
the judging condition of the excessive wear failure fault of the die hole comprises the following steps: and the measured values of the production rate in Y continuous sampling periods are all higher than b, and the measured values of the internal positive pressure of the circular mold hole in Z continuous sampling periods are all larger than the preset minimum value f of the internal positive pressure of the circular mold hole.
Preferably, the judgment of the preset fault cause based on the forming density of the biomass particles in S1 includes: the rotation speed setting of the main motor and the scraper motor is not matched and the scraper is worn;
wherein, the main motor and the unmatched fault judgment condition of the scraper motor rotating speed setting comprise: the length-diameter ratio of the biomass particles in two continuous sampling periods is not in the interval (H, I);
the scraper wear failure judgment condition comprises the following steps: the end face cut of the biomass particles appears as a bevel or an irregular cut in two consecutive sampling periods.
Preferably, the energy consumption parameter judgment conditions of the biomass granulator mentioned in S1 are: whether the total current of the biomass granulator exceeds a maximum criterion k over successive gamma sampling periods;
the preset fault reason judgment based on the energy consumption parameters of the biomass granulator comprises a transmission device damage fault, a die hole blockage fault, an extrusion speed setting too low fault, a compression roller gap setting too large fault and an impurity too much blockage fault;
wherein, the transmission damage fault judgment condition comprises: the density of biomass particles in N continuous sampling periods is larger than the maximum standard g, the measured values of the motor rotating speed in M continuous sampling periods are larger than e, and the section area of the biomass particles is not reduced;
the judging condition of the blocking fault of the die hole comprises the following steps: the density of biomass particles in N continuous sampling periods is larger than the maximum standard g, the measured values of the motor rotating speed in M continuous sampling periods are larger than e, and the section area of the biomass particles is reduced;
the extrusion speed setting low fault judgment condition comprises the following steps: the density of biomass particles in N continuous sampling periods is larger than the maximum standard g, and the measured values of the motor rotating speed in M continuous sampling periods are smaller than e;
the condition for judging whether the roll gap is set to be too large comprises the following steps: the density of biomass particles in N continuous sampling periods is smaller than the maximum standard g, and the measured values of the positive pressure in the inner surface of the circular mold hole in Z continuous sampling periods are larger than c;
the condition for judging the blocking fault caused by excessive impurities comprises the following steps: the density of biomass particles in N continuous sampling periods is smaller than the maximum standard g, and the measured value of the internal positive pressure of the circular mold hole in Z continuous sampling periods is smaller than c.
Preferably, the biomass particle carbonization degree parameter acquisition mentioned in S1 specifically includes the following steps:
a1, measuring the surface carbonization degree of biomass particles by a carbonization depth sensor fixedly arranged in a blanking area of a biomass granulator body;
a2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the surface carbonization degree of biomass particles in real time according to the carbonization depth sensor in E1;
the energy consumption parameter acquisition of the biomass granulator mentioned in the step S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
b1, measuring the running current of the biomass granulator through an alternating current transformer installed in the electrical cabinet;
and B2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the running current information of the biomass granulator in real time according to the alternating current transformer in the B1.
Preferably, the collecting of the ring mold temperature parameter mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:
c1, collecting the temperature of the inner wall of the ring die by an AT probe of a temperature sensor fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the ring die;
c2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the temperature information of the inner wall of the ring mould in real time by the temperature sensor in C1;
the step of collecting the positive pressure parameters in the inner surface of the ring die hole mentioned in the step S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
d1, collecting the inner surface positive pressure e of the inner wall of the ring die hole through a pressure sensor fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the ring body between the through holes of the ring die;
d2, when the biomass granulator body works, according to the positive pressure information on the inner surface of the inner wall of the circular mould hole, which is obtained by the pressure sensor in D1 in real time;
the main motor rotating speed parameter acquisition mentioned in the step S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
e1, collecting the rotating speed of the motor through an encoder fixedly arranged in the motor;
e2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring motor rotating speed information in real time according to the encoder in E1;
the acquisition of the length-diameter ratio parameter of the biomass particles mentioned in S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
f1, acquiring a picture of the biomass particle finished product through an industrial camera, and transmitting the picture to an industrial personal computer;
f2, identifying and measuring the length r and the diameter s of the biomass particles through an industrial personal computer;
f3, calculating the length-diameter ratio rho of the biomass particles, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003525779250000051
f4, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the length-diameter ratio of biomass particles in real time according to the measurement result of the industrial personal computer;
the acquisition of the biomass particle end face cut shape parameters mentioned in the step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
g1, collecting a biomass particle end face incision picture through an industrial camera, and transmitting the picture to an industrial personal computer;
g2, identifying and measuring the end face cut shape of the biomass particles through an industrial personal computer;
g3, when the biomass granulator body works, the end face incision flatness of the biomass particles is obtained in real time according to the recognition result of the industrial personal computer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a biomass granulator fault diagnosis method, which has the following beneficial effects:
the biomass granulator fault diagnosis method provided by the invention changes the existing biomass granulator fault diagnosis method, and judges the fault phenomenon by detecting the surface carbonization degree of biomass particles, the biomass particle forming density, the biomass particle appearance and size and the production energy consumption of the biomass granulator; and then, the faults are accurately positioned by measuring the temperature of the inner wall of the circular mould hole, the positive pressure of the inner surface of the inner wall of the circular mould hole, the rotating speed of a motor, the production rate, the particle density, the particle shape and the particle size, and further, the faults can be quickly eliminated by taking corresponding measures.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for diagnosing a fault of a biomass granulator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of biomass particle surface carbonization degree fault diagnosis in the biomass particle machine fault diagnosis method according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a biomass particle forming loosening fault diagnosis flow chart of the biomass particle granulation machine fault diagnosis method provided by the invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of diagnosing an abnormal energy consumption increase fault of a biomass granulator according to the method for diagnosing a fault of a biomass granulator provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a biomass particle outline fault diagnosis flowchart of a biomass particle granulator fault diagnosis method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-5, a method for diagnosing a malfunction of a biomass granulator includes the following steps:
s1, collecting fault monitoring parameters of the biomass granulator, wherein the collected fault monitoring parameters comprise biomass particle surface carbonization degree, biomass particle forming density, biomass particle overall dimension and energy consumption parameters of the biomass granulator;
the judgment conditions for the surface carbonization of the particles mentioned in S1 are: the measured values of the alpha inner ring mold temperatures in a plurality of continuous sampling periods are all larger than a preset carbonization value L;
the preset fault reason judgment based on the biomass particle surface carbonization degree comprises a ring die hole blocking fault, a press roll gap parameter setting overlarge fault, a motor rotating speed setting overlarge fault and a raw material water content parameter setting overlarge fault;
wherein, the ring die orifice blocking fault judgment condition comprises: the measured values of the ring mold temperature in a plurality of continuous sampling periods X are all larger than a preset temperature maximum value a, and the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods Y are all reduced to b, wherein X and Y are positive integers;
the condition for judging the overlarge set fault of the roller gap parameters comprises the following steps:
3) the measured values of the internal face positive pressure of the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods X are all smaller than a preset maximum temperature value a, and the measured values of the internal face positive pressure of the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods Z are all larger than a preset maximum value c of the internal face positive pressure of the ring die hole, wherein Z is a positive integer;
4) the measured values of the ring die temperature in a plurality of continuous sampling periods X are all larger than a preset temperature maximum value a, the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods Y are all reduced to b, and the measured values of the positive pressure in the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods Z are all larger than a preset maximum value c of the positive pressure in the ring die hole;
the motor rotating speed over-fault judgment condition comprises the following steps: after eliminating the blocking fault of the die hole and the oversize fault of the parameter setting of the compression roller gap, the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in a plurality of continuous sampling periods M are all larger than the maximum value d of the rotating speed of the motor, wherein M is a positive integer;
the condition for judging the overlarge set fault of the water content parameter of the raw material comprises the following steps: the faults including the blockage of the die hole, the overlarge setting of the parameters of the compression roller gap and the overlarge setting of the rotating speed of the motor are eliminated;
the molding density judgment conditions of the biomass particles mentioned in S1 are: the measured values of the ring mold temperature in a plurality of continuous sampling periods beta are all larger than a preset carbonization value j;
the preset fault reasons based on the forming density of the biomass particles are judged to include the faults of over-low setting of the rotating speed of a motor, insufficient material or auger blockage, faults of a transmission belt or a bearing, over-small setting of a press roller gap and excessive wear failure of a die hole;
wherein, the motor speed sets up the low fault judgment condition of crossing and includes: the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods Y are all reduced to b, and the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in a plurality of continuous sampling periods M are all smaller than e;
the judgment condition of insufficient material or auger blockage fault comprises the following steps: the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods Y are all reduced to b, the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in a plurality of continuous sampling periods M are all larger than e, and meanwhile, the materials cannot fall correctly in a plurality of continuous sampling periods L, wherein L is a positive integer;
the transmission belt or bearing fault judgment conditions comprise: the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods Y are all reduced to b, and the faults of over-low setting of the rotating speed of the motor, insufficient materials or auger blockage are eliminated;
the condition for judging the fault that the compression roller gap is set to be too small comprises the following steps: the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods Y are all higher than b, and the measured values of the internal positive pressure of the circular mold hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods Z are all smaller than a preset minimum value f of the internal positive pressure of the circular mold hole;
the judging conditions of excessive wear failure of the die hole comprise: the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods Y are all higher than b, and the measured values of the internal positive pressure of the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods Z are all larger than the minimum value f of the internal positive pressure of the preset ring die hole;
the preset failure cause judgment based on the forming density of the biomass particles mentioned in S1 includes: the rotation speed settings of the main motor and the scraper motor are not matched and the scraper is worn;
wherein, the main motor sets up mismatching failure diagnosis condition with scraper motor rotational speed and includes: the length-diameter ratio of the biomass particles in two continuous sampling periods is not in the interval (H, I);
the scraper wear failure judgment conditions include: generating oblique notches or irregular notches in the end face notches of the biomass particles in two continuous sampling periods;
the energy consumption parameter judgment conditions of the biomass granulator mentioned in the step S1 are as follows: whether the total current of the biomass granulator exceeds a maximum criterion k over a plurality of consecutive sampling periods gamma;
the preset fault reasons of the energy consumption parameters based on the biomass granulator are judged to include a transmission device damage fault, a die hole blockage fault, an extrusion speed setting overlow fault, a compression roller gap setting oversize fault and an impurity overload blockage fault;
wherein, transmission damages the fault judgement condition and includes: the density of the biomass particles in a plurality of continuous sampling periods N is larger than the maximum standard g, meanwhile, the measured values of the motor rotating speed in a plurality of continuous sampling periods M are larger than e, and the section area of the biomass particles is not reduced;
the judging conditions of the blocking faults of the die holes comprise: the density of the biomass particles in a plurality of continuous sampling periods N is larger than the maximum standard g, meanwhile, the measured values of the motor rotating speed in a plurality of continuous sampling periods M are larger than e, and the section area of the biomass particles is reduced;
the set excessively low fault judgment conditions for the extrusion speed include: the density of the biomass particles in a plurality of continuous sampling periods N is larger than the maximum standard g, and the measured values of the motor rotating speed in a plurality of continuous sampling periods M are smaller than e;
the condition for judging the excessive fault of the setting of the compression roller gap comprises the following steps: the density of the biomass particles in a plurality of continuous sampling periods N is smaller than the maximum standard g, and the measured value of the positive pressure in the annular die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods Z is larger than c;
the judgment condition for the blocking fault caused by excessive impurities comprises the following steps: the density of biomass particles in a plurality of continuous sampling periods N is smaller than the maximum standard g, and the measured values of the internal positive pressure of the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods Z are smaller than c;
the biomass particle carbonization degree parameter acquisition method mentioned in S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
a1, measuring the surface carbonization degree of biomass particles through a carbonization depth sensor fixedly installed in a blanking area of a biomass granulator body;
a2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the surface carbonization degree of the biomass particles in real time according to the carbonization depth sensor in E1;
the energy consumption parameter acquisition method of the biomass granulator mentioned in the S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
b1, measuring the running current of the biomass granulator through an alternating current transformer installed in the electrical cabinet;
b2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the running current information of the biomass granulator in real time according to the alternating current transformer in the B1;
s2, judging whether the collected fault monitoring parameters meet preset fault reason judgment conditions;
s3, when the fault monitoring parameters collected in S2 meet the preset fault reason judgment conditions, determining the fault type according to the fault monitoring parameters, acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information of the preset time period, and starting to judge the fault reason;
s4, after the fault type is determined, collecting monitoring parameters of the fault reason of the biomass granulator, wherein the monitoring parameters of the fault reason comprise the temperature of a ring mould, the positive pressure of the inner surface of a ring mould hole, the rotating speed of a main motor, the production energy consumption, the production rate, the biomass particle forming density, the length-diameter ratio and the section shape;
the ring mold temperature parameter acquisition mentioned in S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
c1, collecting the temperature of the inner wall of the ring die by an AT probe of a temperature sensor fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the ring die;
c2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the temperature information of the inner wall of the ring mould in real time by the temperature sensor in C1;
the method for collecting the positive pressure parameter of the inner surface of the ring die hole, which is mentioned in the step S4, comprises the following steps:
d1, collecting the inner surface positive pressure e of the inner wall of the ring die hole through a pressure sensor fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the ring body between the through holes of the ring die;
d2, when the biomass granulator body works, according to the positive pressure information of the inner surface of the inner wall of the annular die hole, which is obtained by the pressure sensor in D1 in real time;
the method for acquiring the rotating speed parameter of the main motor in the S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
e1, collecting the rotating speed of the motor through an encoder fixedly arranged in the motor;
e2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring motor rotating speed information in real time according to the encoder in E1;
collecting the length-diameter ratio parameter of the biomass particles mentioned in S4, which specifically comprises the following steps:
f1, acquiring a picture of the biomass particle finished product through an industrial camera, and transmitting the picture to an industrial personal computer;
f2, identifying and measuring the length r and the diameter s of the biomass particles through an industrial personal computer;
f3, calculating the length-diameter ratio rho of the biomass particles, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003525779250000091
f4, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the length-diameter ratio of biomass particles in real time according to the measurement result of the industrial personal computer;
the biomass particle end face cut shape parameter acquisition method mentioned in S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
g1, acquiring a picture of the end face cut of the biomass particles by an industrial camera, and transmitting the picture to an industrial personal computer;
g2, identifying and measuring the end face cut shape of the biomass particles through an industrial personal computer;
g3, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the flatness of the cut of the end face of the biomass particle in real time according to the recognition result of the industrial personal computer
And S5, judging whether the fault reason monitoring parameters collected in the S4 meet the preset fault reason judgment conditions or not, determining the specific fault reason, and acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information of the preset time period.
The biomass granulator fault diagnosis method provided by the invention changes the existing biomass granulator fault diagnosis method, and judges the fault phenomenon by detecting the surface carbonization degree of biomass particles, the biomass particle forming density, the biomass particle appearance and size and the production energy consumption of the biomass granulator; and then, the faults are accurately positioned by measuring the temperature of the inner wall of the circular mould hole, the positive pressure of the inner surface of the inner wall of the circular mould hole, the rotating speed of a motor, the production rate, the particle density, the particle shape and the particle size, and further, the faults can be quickly eliminated by taking corresponding measures.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1-5, a method for diagnosing a malfunction of a biomass granulator according to embodiment 1 includes the following steps:
s1, collecting fault monitoring parameters of the biomass granulator, wherein the collected fault monitoring parameters comprise biomass particle surface carbonization degree, biomass particle molding density, biomass particle external dimension and biomass granulator energy consumption parameters;
the judgment conditions for the surface carbonization of the particles mentioned in S1 are: the measured values of the temperature of the ring die in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 1min are all more than 10% (the preset carbonization value);
the preset fault reason judgment based on the biomass particle surface carbonization degree comprises a ring die hole blocking fault, a press roll gap parameter setting overlarge fault, a motor rotating speed setting overlarge fault and a raw material water content parameter setting overlarge fault;
wherein, the ring die orifice blocking fault judgment condition comprises: the measured values of the temperature of the circular mold are all larger than 160 ℃ (the preset temperature maximum value) in a plurality of consecutive sampling periods of 30S, and the measured values of the production rate are all reduced to 2000kg/h in the plurality of consecutive sampling periods of 30S;
the conditions for judging the excessive fault of the parameter setting of the compression roller gap comprise:
5) the measured values of the internal face positive pressure of the ring die holes in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all less than 160 ℃ (the preset maximum temperature value), and the measured values of the internal face positive pressure of the ring die holes in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all more than 18000N (the preset maximum internal face positive pressure value of the ring die holes);
6) the measured values of the annular mold temperature in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all larger than 160 ℃ (preset temperature maximum), meanwhile, the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all reduced to 2000kg/h, and the measured values of the internal positive pressure of the annular mold hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all larger than 18000N (preset internal positive pressure maximum of the annular mold hole);
the motor rotating speed over-fault judgment condition comprises the following steps: after the blocking fault of the die hole and the overlarge fault of the parameter setting of the press roll gap are eliminated, the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in a plurality of continuous 10S sampling periods are all larger than 220r/min (the maximum value of the set rotating speed of the motor);
the condition for judging the overlarge set fault of the water content parameter of the raw material comprises the following steps: the faults including the faults of die hole blockage, overlarge parameter setting of the compression roller gap and overlarge set rotating speed setting of the motor are eliminated;
the molding density judgment conditions of the biomass particles mentioned in S1 are: the measured values of the particle density in a plurality of 10S sampling periods are all larger than 1.18g/cm3(preset particle density minimum standard);
the preset fault reasons based on the forming density of the biomass particles are judged to include the faults of over-low setting of the rotating speed of a motor, insufficient material or auger blockage, faults of a transmission belt or a bearing, over-small setting of a press roller gap and excessive wear failure of a die hole;
wherein, the motor speed sets up the low fault judgment condition of crossing and includes: the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all reduced to 2000kg/h, and the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all smaller than 160r/min (the minimum value of the set rotating speed of the motor);
the judgment condition of insufficient materials or auger blockage faults comprises the following steps: the measured values of the production rate are all reduced to 2000kg/h in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S, the measured values of the actual rotating speed of the motor are all larger than 160r/min (the set rotating speed of the motor is the minimum value) in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S, and meanwhile, the materials cannot fall correctly in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 5S;
the transmission belt or bearing fault judgment conditions comprise: the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all reduced to 2000kg/h, and the faults of over-low setting of the rotating speed of the motor, insufficient material or auger blockage are eliminated;
the condition for judging the fault that the compression roller gap is set to be too small comprises the following steps: the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all higher than 2000kg/h, and the measured values of the internal positive pressure of the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all lower than 6000N (the minimum value of the internal positive pressure of the ring die hole is preset);
the judging condition of the excessive wear failure fault of the die hole comprises the following steps: the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all higher than 2000kg/h, and the measured values of the internal positive pressure of the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all higher than 6000N (the minimum value of the internal positive pressure of the ring die hole);
the preset failure cause judgment based on the biomass particle formation density referred to in S1 includes: the rotation speed settings of the main motor and the scraper motor are not matched and the scraper is worn;
wherein, the failure judgment condition that the main motor and the scraper motor rotate speed are not matched comprises: the length-diameter ratio of biomass particles in two continuous sampling periods is not in the interval (4.5, 5.5);
the scraper wear failure judgment conditions include: generating oblique notches or irregular notches in the end face notches of the biomass particles in two continuous sampling periods;
the energy consumption parameter judgment conditions of the biomass granulator mentioned in the step S1 are as follows: whether the total current of the biomass particle machine exceeds 55A (machine current maximum standard) within a plurality of consecutive 10S sampling periods;
the method comprises the steps that the preset fault reasons of energy consumption parameters of the biomass granulator are judged to include a powder deposition hardening fault at the lower layer of a ring die, a transmission damage fault, a too low extrusion speed setting fault, a too large compression roller gap setting fault and a too much impurity blocking fault;
wherein, the lower powder deposition hardening fault judgment condition of the ring mould comprises the following steps: the density of biomass particles in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 5S is more than 1.18g/cm3(presetting a maximum standard of particle density), wherein the measured values of the actual rotating speed of the motor in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all larger than 160r/min (the set rotating speed of the motor is the minimum value), and the production rates of the biomass granulator in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all smaller than 2000 kg/h;
the transmission damage fault judgment condition includes: the density of biomass particles in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 5S is more than 1.18g/cm3(presetting a maximum standard of particle density), wherein the measured values of the set rotating speed of the motor in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all larger than 160r/min (the minimum value of the set rotating speed of the motor), and the production rates of the biomass granulator in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all larger than 2000 kg/h;
the extrusion speed setting of the low fault judgment condition comprises the following steps: the density of biomass particles in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 5S is more than 1.18g/cm3(presetting a maximum standard of particle density), wherein the measured values of the motor rotating speed in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all less than 160r/min (the set rotating speed of the motor is the minimum value);
the condition for judging whether the roll gap is set to be too large comprises the following steps: the density of biomass particles in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 5S is less than 1.18g/cm3(preset maximum standard of particle density), and the measured values of the positive pressure in the inner surface of the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all larger than 18000N (preset maximum value of the positive pressure in the inner surface of the ring die hole);
the judgment condition for the blocking fault caused by excessive impurities comprises the following steps: the density of the particles is less than 1.18g/cm in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 5S3(preset maximum standard of particle density), and the measured values of the positive pressure of the inner surface of the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous 10S sampling periods are all less than 18000N (preset positive pressure of the inner surface of the ring die hole)Force maximum);
the biomass particle carbonization degree parameter acquisition method mentioned in S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
a1, measuring the surface carbonization degree of biomass particles by a carbonization depth sensor fixedly arranged in a blanking area of a biomass granulator body;
a2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the surface carbonization degree of the biomass particles in real time according to the carbonization depth sensor in A1;
the energy consumption parameter acquisition method of the biomass granulator mentioned in the S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
b1, measuring the running current of the biomass granulator through an alternating current transformer installed in the electrical cabinet;
b2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the running current information of the biomass granulator in real time according to the alternating current transformer in the B1;
s2, judging whether the collected fault monitoring parameters meet preset fault reason judgment conditions;
s3, when the fault monitoring parameters collected in S2 meet the preset fault reason judgment conditions, determining the fault type according to the fault monitoring parameters, acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information of the preset time period, and starting to judge the fault reason;
s4, after the fault type is determined, collecting monitoring parameters of the fault reason of the biomass granulator, wherein the monitoring parameters of the fault reason comprise the temperature of a ring mould, the positive pressure of the inner surface of a ring mould hole, the rotating speed of a main motor, the production energy consumption, the production rate, the biomass particle forming density, the length-diameter ratio and the section shape;
the ring mold temperature parameter acquisition method mentioned in the step S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
c1, collecting the temperature of the inner wall of the ring die by an AT probe of a temperature sensor fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the ring die;
c2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the temperature information of the inner wall of the ring mould in real time by the temperature sensor in C1;
the method for collecting the positive pressure parameter of the inner surface of the ring die hole, which is mentioned in the step S4, comprises the following steps:
d1, collecting the inner surface positive pressure of the inner wall of the ring die hole through a pressure sensor fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the ring body between the ring die through holes;
d2, when the biomass granulator body works, according to the positive pressure information of the inner surface of the inner wall of the annular die hole, which is obtained by the pressure sensor in D1 in real time;
the method for acquiring the main motor rotating speed parameters in the S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
e1, collecting the actual rotating speed of the motor through an encoder fixedly arranged in the motor;
e2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring actual rotating speed information of the motor in real time according to the encoder in E1;
collecting the length-diameter ratio parameter of the biomass particles mentioned in S4, which specifically comprises the following steps:
f1, acquiring a picture of the biomass particle finished product through an industrial camera, and transmitting the picture to an industrial personal computer;
f2, identifying and measuring the length r and the diameter s of the biomass particles through an industrial personal computer;
f3, calculating the length-diameter ratio rho of the biomass particles, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003525779250000141
f4, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the length-diameter ratio of biomass particles in real time according to the measurement result of the industrial personal computer;
the biomass particle end face cut shape parameter acquisition method mentioned in S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
g1, collecting a biomass particle end face incision picture through an industrial camera, and transmitting the picture to an industrial personal computer;
g2, identifying and measuring the end face cut shape of the biomass particles through an industrial personal computer;
g3, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the flatness of the cut of the end face of the biomass particle in real time according to the recognition result of the industrial personal computer;
and S5, judging whether the fault reason monitoring parameters collected in the S4 meet the preset fault reason judgment conditions or not, determining the specific fault reason, and acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information in the preset time period.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 1-5, based on embodiments 1-2 but different therefrom,
a flow chart of a biomass granulator fault detection method comprises the following steps:
s101: collecting failure monitoring parameters of a biomass granulator; the fault monitoring parameters comprise the surface carbonization degree of the biomass particles, the forming density of the biomass particles, the overall dimension of the biomass particles and the energy consumption parameters of the biomass granulator;
s102: judging whether the fault monitoring parameters meet preset fault judgment conditions or not;
s103: and when the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault judgment conditions, determining the fault type, acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information of the preset time period, and starting to judge the fault reason.
S104: collecting failure reason monitoring parameters of a biomass granulator; the fault monitoring parameters comprise the surface carbonization degree of the biomass particles, the forming density of the biomass particles, the overall dimension of the biomass particles and the energy consumption parameters of the biomass granulator;
s105: and judging whether the fault reason monitoring parameters meet preset fault reason judgment conditions or not, determining the fault reason, acquiring, outputting and storing running state information of a preset time period, and starting to judge the fault reason.
S106: the operation state information of the preset time period can be output to a remote server by using a wireless network in an industrial bus (such as an industrial Ethernet bus) form and stored for further fault analysis and positioning.
S107: according to the technical scheme, the biomass granulator fault detection method disclosed by the embodiment of the application acquires the fault monitoring parameters of the biomass granulator, judges the acquired current fault monitoring parameters according to the preset fault judgment conditions, acquires the fault reason monitoring parameters of the biomass granulator when the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault conditions, determines the current fault type and reason, and simultaneously acquires, outputs and stores the running state information of relevant time periods, so that relevant equipment or technicians can accurately position the fault by analyzing the running state information and further can quickly take corresponding measures to remove the fault. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention solve the problems of the prior art.
S108: in practical application, faults possibly existing in the biomass granulator include carbonization of the surface of biomass particles, loose formation of the biomass particles, fault of the overall dimension of the biomass particles and fault of abnormal increase of energy consumption of the biomass granulator, and can be detected through the embodiment of the application.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a biomass granulator fault detection method disclosed in the second embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for detecting a malfunction of a biomass granulator disclosed in the second embodiment includes the following steps:
s201: the surface carbonization degree of the biomass particles is periodically collected, the collection method is periodic sampling, and the sampling period is preferably 500 ms.
S202: the judging conditions for biomass particle surface carbonization comprise: the measured values of the temperature of the ring die in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 1min are all more than 10% (the preset carbonization value);
for example, according to the actual application situation, the acquisition period is set to be 500ms, and the preset continuous sampling period is set to be 100 ms;
s203: and when the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault judgment conditions, determining the fault type, acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information of the preset time period, and starting to judge the fault reason. The failure causes include: a blocking fault of a ring die hole, an overlarge fault of a parameter setting of a compression roller gap, an overlarge fault of a motor rotating speed and an overlarge parameter setting of raw material moisture content;
the judging condition of the blocking fault of the ring die hole comprises the following steps: the measured values of the temperature of the circular mold are all larger than 160 ℃ (the preset temperature maximum value) in a plurality of consecutive sampling periods of 30S, and the measured values of the production rate are all reduced to 2000kg/h in the plurality of consecutive sampling periods of 30S;
the conditions for judging the excessive fault of the parameter setting of the compression roller gap comprise: 1. the temperature of the circular mold is measured in a plurality of consecutive sampling periods of 30S, wherein the temperature of the circular mold is less than 160 ℃ (preset maximum temperature), and the pressure of the internal face of the circular mold hole is measured in a plurality of consecutive sampling periods of 10S, wherein the pressure of the internal face of the circular mold hole is greater than 18000N (preset maximum pressure of the internal face of the circular mold hole), and Z is a positive integer; 2. the measured values of the internal face positive pressure of the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all larger than 160 ℃ (the preset temperature maximum), the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all reduced to 2000kg/h, and the measured values of the internal face positive pressure of the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all larger than 18000N (the preset internal face positive pressure maximum of the ring die hole);
the motor rotating speed over-fault judgment condition comprises the following steps: after eliminating the blocking fault of the die holes and the oversize fault of the parameter setting of the press roll gap, the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all larger than 220r/min (the maximum value of the set rotating speed of the motor);
the conditions for judging the overlarge set of the water content parameters of the raw materials comprise: the faults including the blockage of the die hole, the overlarge setting of the parameters of the compression roller gap and the overlarge setting of the rotating speed of the motor are eliminated;
and when the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault reason judgment conditions, determining the current fault type, and acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information of the preset time period.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a biomass granulator fault detection method disclosed in the second embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for detecting a malfunction of a biomass granulator disclosed in the second embodiment includes the following steps:
s301: and (3) periodically collecting the forming density of the biomass particles, wherein the collection method is periodic sampling, and the sampling period is preferably 250 ms.
S302: the particle loosening judgment condition comprises the following steps: the measured values of the temperature of the ring die in continuous beta sampling periods are all larger than 10 percent (the preset carbonization value);
for example, according to the actual application situation, the acquisition period is set to be 250ms, and the preset continuous sampling period is set to be 100 ms;
s303: and when the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault judgment conditions, determining the fault type, acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information of the preset time period, and starting to judge the fault reason. The failure causes include: the method comprises the following steps that a fault that the rotating speed of a motor is too low, the material is insufficient or a packing auger is blocked, a fault of a transmission belt or a bearing, a fault that a gap of a compression roller is too small, and a fault that a die hole is excessively worn and failed are set;
the motor rotating speed set over-low fault judgment condition comprises the following steps: the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all reduced to 2000kg/h, and the measured values of the motor rotating speed in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all smaller than 220r/min (the maximum value of the set rotating speed of the motor);
the judgment condition of insufficient material or auger blockage fault comprises the following steps: the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all reduced to 2000kg/h, the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all larger than 220r/min (the maximum set rotating speed of the motor), and meanwhile, the materials cannot fall correctly in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 5S;
the transmission belt or bearing fault judgment conditions comprise: the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all reduced to 2000kg/h, and the faults of over-low setting of the rotating speed of the motor, insufficient material or auger blockage are eliminated;
the condition for judging the fault that the compression roller gap is set to be too small comprises the following steps: the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all higher than 2000kg/h, and the measured values of the internal positive pressure of the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all lower than 6000N (the minimum value of the internal positive pressure of the ring die hole is preset);
the judging conditions of excessive wear failure of the die hole comprise: the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 30S are all higher than 2000kg/h, and the measured values of the internal positive pressure of the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all higher than 6000N (the minimum value of the internal positive pressure of the ring die hole is preset);
and when the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault reason judgment conditions, determining the current fault type, and acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information of the preset time period.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a biomass granulator fault detection method disclosed in the second embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 4, the method for detecting a malfunction of a biomass granulator disclosed in the second embodiment includes the following steps:
s401: the physical dimension of the biomass particles is periodically collected, the collection method is periodic sampling, and the sampling period is preferably 1 second.
S402: the external dimension judgment condition of the biomass particles comprises the following steps: the measured values of the temperature of the ring die in continuous beta sampling periods are all larger than 10 percent (preset carbonization value);
for example, according to the actual application situation, the acquisition period is set to be 250ms, and the continuous sampling period is preset to be 1 second;
s403: and when the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault judgment conditions, determining the fault type, acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information of the preset time period, and starting to judge the fault reason. The failure causes include: the rotation speed setting of the main motor and the scraper motor is not matched and the scraper is worn;
the failure judgment condition that the rotation speed of the main motor is not matched with that of the scraper motor comprises the following steps: the length-diameter ratio of biomass particles in two continuous sampling periods is not in the interval (4.5, 5.5);
the scraper abrasion fault judgment condition comprises the following steps: generating oblique notches or irregular notches in the end face notches of the biomass particles in two continuous sampling periods;
and when the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault reason judgment conditions, determining the current fault type, and acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information of the preset time period.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a biomass granulator fault detection method disclosed in the second embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 5, the method for detecting a malfunction of a biomass granulator disclosed in the second embodiment includes the following steps:
s501: the energy consumption information of the biomass granulator is periodically acquired, the acquisition method is periodic sampling, and the sampling period is preferably 1 second.
S502: the external dimension judging conditions of the biomass particles comprise: the measurement values of the ring mold temperature are all larger than 10% (preset carbonization value) in a plurality of continuous 10S sampling periods;
for example, according to the actual application situation, the acquisition period is set to be 250ms, and the preset continuous sampling period is set to be 100 ms;
s503: and when the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault judgment conditions, determining the fault type, acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information of the preset time period, and starting to judge the fault reason. The failure causes include: the method comprises the following steps that (1) a transmission device is damaged and has a fault, a die hole is blocked and has a fault that the extrusion speed is set too low, a fault that a compression roller gap is set too large and a fault that impurities are blocked too much;
the judgment condition for the abnormal increase of the energy consumption of the biomass granulator comprises the following steps: whether the total current of the biomass particle machine exceeds 55A (machine current maximum standard) within a plurality of consecutive 10S sampling periods;
the transmission damage failure judgment condition includes: the density of biomass particles in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 5S is more than 1.18g/cm3(presetting a maximum standard of particle density), wherein the measured values of the motor rotating speed in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all larger than 220r/min (the maximum value of the set rotating speed of the motor), and the section area of the biomass particles is not reduced;
the judging conditions of the blocking faults of the die holes comprise: the density of biomass particles in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 5S is more than 1.18g/cm3(presetting a maximum standard of particle density), wherein the measured values of the motor rotating speed in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all larger than 220r/min (the maximum value of the set rotating speed of the motor), and the section area of the biomass particles is reduced;
the extrusion speed setting of the low fault judgment condition comprises the following steps: the density of biomass particles in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 5S is more than 1.18g/cm3(presetting a maximum standard of particle density), wherein the measured values of the motor rotating speed in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all less than 220r/min (the maximum value of the set rotating speed of the motor);
judgment condition for excessive setting fault of compression roller gapThe method comprises the following steps: the density of biomass particles in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 5S is less than 1.18g/cm3(preset maximum standard of particle density), and the measured values of the positive pressure in the inner surface of the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all larger than 18000N (preset maximum value of the positive pressure in the inner surface of the ring die hole);
the judgment condition for the blocking fault caused by excessive impurities comprises the following steps: the density of the particles is less than 1.18g/cm in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 5S3(preset maximum particle density standard), and the measured values of the positive pressure in the ring die hole in a plurality of continuous sampling periods of 10S are all less than 18000N (preset maximum positive pressure in the ring die hole).
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention and the equivalent alternatives or modifications according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The biomass granulator fault diagnosis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, collecting fault monitoring parameters of the biomass granulator, wherein the collected fault monitoring parameters comprise biomass particle surface carbonization degree, biomass particle molding density, biomass particle external dimension and biomass granulator energy consumption parameters;
s2, judging whether the collected fault monitoring parameters meet preset fault reason judgment conditions;
s3, when the fault monitoring parameters collected in S2 meet the preset fault reason judgment conditions, determining the fault type according to the fault monitoring parameters, acquiring, outputting and storing running state information of a preset time period, and starting to judge the fault reason;
s4, after the fault type is determined, collecting monitoring parameters of the fault reason of the biomass granulator, wherein the monitoring parameters of the fault reason comprise the temperature of a ring mould, the positive pressure of the inner surface of a ring mould hole, the rotating speed of a main motor, the production energy consumption, the production rate, the biomass particle forming density, the length-diameter ratio and the section shape;
and S5, judging whether the fault reason monitoring parameters collected in the S4 meet the preset fault reason judgment conditions or not, determining the specific fault reason, and acquiring, outputting and storing the running state information of the preset time period.
2. The method for diagnosing the malfunction of the biomass granulator according to claim 1, wherein the conditions for determining the carbonization of the particle surface in S1 are: the measured values of the ring mold temperature in continuous alpha sampling periods are all larger than a preset carbonization value L;
the preset fault reason judgment based on the biomass particle surface carbonization degree comprises a ring die hole blocking fault, a press roller gap parameter setting overlarge fault, a motor rotating speed setting overlarge fault and a raw material water content parameter setting overlarge fault;
wherein, the ring die orifice blocking fault judgment condition comprises: the measured values of the ring mold temperature in X continuous sampling periods are all larger than a preset temperature maximum value a, and the measured values of the production rate in Y continuous sampling periods are all reduced to b, wherein X and Y are positive integers;
the condition for judging the overlarge parameter setting fault of the compression roller gap comprises the following steps:
1) the measured values of the ring die temperature in X continuous sampling periods are all smaller than a preset maximum temperature value a, and the measured values of the positive pressure in the ring die hole in Z continuous sampling periods are all larger than a preset maximum value c of the positive pressure in the ring die hole, wherein Z is a positive integer;
2) the measured values of the annular mold temperature in X continuous sampling periods are all larger than a preset maximum temperature value a, the measured values of the production rate in Y continuous sampling periods are all reduced to b, and the measured value of the inner surface positive pressure of the annular mold hole in Z continuous sampling periods is all larger than a preset maximum value c of the inner surface positive pressure of the annular mold hole;
the motor rotating speed over-set fault judgment condition comprises the following steps: after eliminating the blocking fault of the die hole and the oversize fault of the parameter setting of the compression roller gap, the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in continuous M sampling periods are all larger than the maximum value d of the rotating speed of the motor, wherein M is a positive integer;
the raw material moisture content parameter sets up too big fault judgment condition and includes: the faults including the blockage of the die hole, the overlarge setting of the parameters of the compression roller gap and the overlarge setting of the rotating speed of the motor are eliminated.
3. The method for diagnosing the malfunction of the biomass particle making machine according to claim 1, wherein the biomass particle forming density determination conditions in S1 are as follows: the measured values of the ring mold temperature in continuous beta sampling periods are all larger than a preset carbonization value j;
the preset fault reasons based on the forming density of the biomass particles are judged to include the faults of over-low setting of the rotating speed of a motor, insufficient material or auger blockage, faults of a transmission belt or a bearing, over-small setting of a press roller gap and excessive wear failure of a die hole;
wherein, the motor speed sets up the low fault judgment condition of crossing and includes: the measured values of the production rate are all reduced to b in continuous Y sampling periods, and the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in continuous M sampling periods are all smaller than e;
insufficient material or auger blockage fault judgment conditions comprise: the measured values of the production rate in continuous Y sampling periods are all reduced to b, the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in continuous M sampling periods are all larger than e, and meanwhile, the materials cannot fall correctly in continuous L sampling periods, wherein L is a positive integer;
the transmission belt or bearing fault judgment conditions comprise: the measured values of the production rate in continuous Y sampling periods are all reduced to b, and the fault that the rotating speed of the motor is too low, the material is insufficient or the auger is blocked is eliminated;
the condition for judging the set undersize fault of the compression roller gap comprises the following steps: the measured values of the production rate in two continuous Y sampling periods are all higher than b, and the measured values of the internal positive pressure of the circular mold hole in the continuous Z sampling periods are all smaller than the preset minimum value f of the internal positive pressure of the circular mold hole;
the judging condition of the excessive wear failure fault of the die hole comprises the following steps: and the measured values of the production rate in Y continuous sampling periods are all higher than b, and the measured values of the internal positive pressure of the circular mold hole in Z continuous sampling periods are all larger than the preset minimum value f of the internal positive pressure of the circular mold hole.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of judging the preset fault cause based on the biomass particle forming density in S1 includes: the rotation speed settings of the main motor and the scraper motor are not matched and the scraper is worn;
wherein, the main motor and the unmatched fault judgment condition of the scraper motor rotating speed setting comprise: the length-diameter ratio of the biomass particles in two continuous sampling periods is not in the interval (H, I);
the scraper wear failure judgment condition comprises the following steps: the end face cut of the biomass particles appears as a bevel or an irregular cut in two consecutive sampling periods.
5. The method for diagnosing the malfunction of the biomass granulator according to claim 1, wherein the energy consumption parameter of the biomass granulator mentioned in S1 is determined by: whether the total current of the biomass granulator exceeds a maximum criterion k over successive gamma sampling periods;
the preset fault reason judgment based on the energy consumption parameters of the biomass granulator comprises a transmission device damage fault, a die hole blockage fault, an extrusion speed setting too low fault, a compression roller gap setting too large fault and an impurity too much blockage fault;
wherein, the transmission damage fault judgment condition comprises: the density of the biomass particles in continuous N sampling periods is larger than the maximum standard g, meanwhile, the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in continuous M sampling periods are larger than e, and the section area of the biomass particles is not reduced;
the judging condition of the blocking fault of the die hole comprises the following steps: the density of the biomass particles in continuous N sampling periods is larger than the maximum standard g, meanwhile, the measured values of the rotating speed of the motor in continuous M sampling periods are larger than e, and the section area of the biomass particles is reduced;
the extrusion speed setting low fault judgment condition comprises the following steps: the density of biomass particles in N continuous sampling periods is larger than the maximum standard g, and the measured values of the motor rotating speed in M continuous sampling periods are smaller than e;
the condition for judging whether the roll gap is set to be too large comprises the following steps: the density of biomass particles in N continuous sampling periods is smaller than the maximum standard g, and the measured values of the positive pressure in the inner surface of the circular mold hole in Z continuous sampling periods are larger than c;
the condition for judging the blocking fault caused by excessive impurities comprises the following steps: the density of the biomass particles in N continuous sampling periods is smaller than the maximum standard g, and the measured value of the positive pressure in the circular mold hole in Z continuous sampling periods is smaller than c.
6. The method for diagnosing the fault of the biomass particle machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of collecting the biomass particle carbonization degree parameter mentioned in the step S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
a1, measuring the surface carbonization degree of biomass particles by a carbonization depth sensor fixedly arranged in a blanking area of a biomass granulator body;
a2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the surface carbonization degree of biomass particles in real time according to the carbonization depth sensor in E1;
the energy consumption parameter acquisition of the biomass granulator mentioned in the step S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
b1, measuring the running current of the biomass granulator through an alternating current transformer installed in the electrical cabinet;
and B2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the running current information of the biomass granulator in real time according to the alternating current transformer in the B1.
7. The method for diagnosing the fault of the biomass granulator according to claim 1, wherein the collecting of the temperature parameter of the ring mold in S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
c1, collecting the temperature of the inner wall of the ring die by an AT probe of a temperature sensor fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the ring die;
c2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the temperature information of the inner wall of the ring mould in real time by the temperature sensor in C1;
the step of collecting the positive pressure parameters in the inner surface of the ring die hole mentioned in the step S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
d1, collecting the inner surface positive pressure e of the inner wall of the ring die hole through a pressure sensor fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the ring body between the through holes of the ring die;
d2, when the biomass granulator body works, according to the positive pressure information on the inner surface of the inner wall of the circular mould hole, which is obtained by the pressure sensor in D1 in real time;
the main motor rotating speed parameter acquisition mentioned in the step S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
e1, collecting the rotating speed of the motor through an encoder fixedly arranged in the motor;
e2, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring motor rotating speed information in real time according to the encoder in E1;
the acquisition of the length-diameter ratio parameter of the biomass particles mentioned in S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
f1, acquiring a picture of the biomass particle finished product through an industrial camera, and transmitting the picture to an industrial personal computer;
f2, identifying and measuring the length r and the diameter s of the biomass particles through an industrial personal computer;
f3, calculating the length-diameter ratio rho of the biomass particles, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003525779240000041
f4, when the biomass granulator body works, acquiring the length-diameter ratio of biomass particles in real time according to the measurement result of the industrial personal computer;
the acquisition of the biomass particle end face cut shape parameters mentioned in the step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
g1, acquiring a picture of the end face cut of the biomass particles by an industrial camera, and transmitting the picture to an industrial personal computer;
g2, identifying and measuring the end face cut shape of the biomass particles through an industrial personal computer;
g3, when the biomass granulator body works, the end face incision flatness of the biomass particles is obtained in real time according to the recognition result of the industrial personal computer.
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