CN114659268B - Method for predicting frosting degree of air energy water heater - Google Patents
Method for predicting frosting degree of air energy water heater Download PDFInfo
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- CN114659268B CN114659268B CN202210193506.3A CN202210193506A CN114659268B CN 114659268 B CN114659268 B CN 114659268B CN 202210193506 A CN202210193506 A CN 202210193506A CN 114659268 B CN114659268 B CN 114659268B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
- F24H4/02—Water heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a method for predicting the frosting degree of an air energy water heater, which comprises the steps of obtaining the average heat absorption efficiency and the relative humidity change rate of a compressor under the condition that the air energy water heater is positioned in a frosting operation boundary range, obtaining a first frosting degree value by utilizing the average heat absorption efficiency, obtaining a second frosting degree value by utilizing the substitution of the relative humidity change rate, calculating the average value of the first frosting degree value and the second frosting degree value, solving the offset degree, and judging whether the offset degree is not more than a set threshold value or not, if so, the frosting degree is equal to the average value; if not, the frosting degree is equal to the maximum value of the first frosting degree value and the second frosting degree value. The application can accurately judge the frosting fault and degree of the unit, avoid single condition, and provide reliable parameters for the defrosting operation condition of the air energy water heater due to misjudgment and failure caused by a simple judging method.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of water heaters, in particular to a method for predicting frosting degree of an air energy water heater.
Background
The air energy water heater is widely applied to hot water supply of families, enterprises and public institutions and residential buildings and indoor heating in winter due to the advantages of high efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection. However, during winter use, copper tubes of the evaporator heat exchanger often frost due to the low outdoor temperature. On one hand, frosting causes the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator to be drastically reduced; on the other hand, the compressor is in full load or even overload operation for a long time under the control of the temperature control regulator, and the efficiency, the service life and the reliability are greatly reduced. At present, the frosting judgment of the household air source heat pump water heating system is mainly carried out by simply comparing and judging by collecting relative humidity change and water temperature change data, so that the frosting judgment accuracy is low, and even misjudgment occurs. Therefore, how to accurately and reliably judge the frosting degree in the environment with low temperature and high relative humidity provides accurate data for the defrosting operation of the air source heat pump water heater, and is a common difficult problem in the air source heat pump water heater industry. Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method for predicting the frosting degree of an air energy water heater. The application can accurately judge the frosting fault and degree of the unit, avoid single condition, and provide reliable parameters for the defrosting operation condition of the air energy water heater due to misjudgment and failure caused by a simple judging method.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows: a method for predicting the frosting degree of an air energy water heater includes such steps as obtaining the average heat absorption efficiency and relative humidity variation rate of a compressor under the operation boundary range of frosting of the air energy water heater, obtaining the first frosting degree value by using the average heat absorption efficiency, obtaining the second frosting degree value by substituting the relative humidity variation rate, calculating the average value of the first frosting degree value and the second frosting degree value, solving the deviation degree, judging whether the deviation degree is not greater than the set threshold value, and if so, making the frosting degree equal to the average value; if not, the frosting degree is equal to the maximum value of the first frosting degree value and the second frosting degree value.
In the method for predicting the frosting degree of the air energy water heater, the average heat absorption efficiency and the relative humidity change rate of the compressor are obtained by respectively obtaining the temperature at the air outlet of the compressor in a sampling period delta TRelative humidity at the air outlet->Fan operating speed n fan Cross-sectional area S of fan fan And compressor power P comp ；
According to the fan operating speed n fan And a fan cross-sectional area S fan Computing fanAir flow rate at outlet:
according to the air density ρ (T) amb ,H amb ) And air mass at the fan outlet:
m air ＝ρ(T amb ,H amb )×Q air ；
according to the specific heat capacity C (T) amb ,H amb ) Mass of air m air Ambient temperature T of the same day amb And the temperature at the air outletCalculating the heat exchange quantity of air:
average heat exchange amount:
according to the power P of the compressor comp Calculating the average power of the compressor:
calculating the average heat absorption efficiency of the compressor according to the average heat exchange amount and the average power of the compressor:
according to the relative humidity H of the environment amb And relative humidity at the air outletCalculating the relative humidity change rate:
in the method for predicting the frost formation degree of the air-source water heater, the first frost formation degree value is obtained by substituting the average heat absorption efficiency into the prediction functionIs calculated in the prior art.
In the method for predicting the frosting degree of the air energy water heater, the second frosting degree value is obtained by substituting the relative humidity change rate into the prediction functionIs calculated in the prior art.
According to the method for predicting the frosting degree of the air energy water heater, the calculation formula of the offset degree is as follows:
wherein;for the degree of offset +.>For a first frosting degree value α (λ H ) And a second frosting degree value +.>Average value of (2).
Compared with the prior art, the method is based on the characteristic that the heat exchange efficiency is obviously reduced under the frosting condition compared with the heat exchange efficiency under the normal operation under the low-temperature and high-humidity working condition of the air energy water heater evaporator, and the method is characterized in that the average heat absorption efficiency and the relative humidity change rate of the compressor are obtained, the average heat absorption efficiency is utilized to obtain a first frosting degree value, the relative humidity change rate is utilized to substitute the first frosting degree value to obtain a second frosting degree value, the average value of the first frosting degree value and the second frosting degree value is calculated, the offset degree is solved, the frosting degree of the air energy water heater evaporator is judged according to the offset degree, and accurate and detailed data are provided for defrosting control parameters. The application can accurately judge the frosting fault and degree of the unit, avoid single condition, and provide reliable parameters for the defrosting operation condition of the air energy water heater due to misjudgment and failure caused by a simple judging method. The intelligent control system has the advantages of high reliability, good practicability, high intelligent degree and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial block diagram of an evaporator of an air energy water heater;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view ofA function curve diagram;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view ofSchematic diagram of function curve.
Detailed Description
The application is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1: a method for predicting the frosting degree of an air energy water heater includes such steps as obtaining the average heat absorption efficiency and relative humidity variation rate of a compressor under the operation boundary range of frosting of the air energy water heater, obtaining the first frosting degree value by using the average heat absorption efficiency, obtaining the second frosting degree value by substituting the relative humidity variation rate, calculating the average value of the first frosting degree value and the second frosting degree value, solving the deviation degree, judging whether the deviation degree is not greater than the set threshold value, and if so, making the frosting degree equal to the average value; if not, the frosting degree is equal to the maximum value of the first frosting degree value and the second frosting degree value.
Example 2: a method for predicting the frosting degree of an air energy water heater includes such steps as obtaining the average heat absorption efficiency and relative humidity variation rate of a compressor under the operation boundary range of frosting of the air energy water heater, obtaining the first frosting degree value by using the average heat absorption efficiency, obtaining the second frosting degree value by substituting the relative humidity variation rate, calculating the average value of the first frosting degree value and the second frosting degree value, solving the deviation degree, judging whether the deviation degree is not greater than the set threshold value, and if so, making the frosting degree equal to the average value; if not, the frosting degree is equal to the maximum value of the first frosting degree value and the second frosting degree value.
In the technical solution of this embodiment, the relevant variables are defined as follows: t (T) amb At ambient temperature, H amb The temperature at the air outlet is the relative humidity of the environmentIs a temperature sensor T 2 Measured value, relative humidity at the air outlet>Is a humidity sensor H 2 Measured value, n fan For the running speed of the fan S fan Is the cross-sectional area of the fan, P comp For compressor operating power ρ (T amb ,H amb ) The temperature and the humidity of the environment are respectively T amb And H amb Density of air, C (T) amb ,H amb ) The temperature and the humidity of the environment are respectively T amb And H amb Specific heat capacity of air, Q air For the fan air flow in delta T time, m air For the delta T time the fan air mass, < >>Is the heat exchange quantity of the fan air in delta T time, < + >>For delta T time the average heat exchange of fan air, < > is>For the average operating power of the compressor during the delta T time, is->Is the average heat absorption efficiency of the compressor within the delta T time lambda H For the relative humidity of air at the air outlet and the relative humidity H of the environment amb Alpha is the frosting degree of the air energy water heater, < >>And->Alpha and alpha are respectivelyAnd lambda (lambda) H Is a function of (a). Sigma is a threshold value of heat absorption efficiency under critical frosting condition, and ζ is a threshold value set for frosting degree offset;
from the physical knowledge, the fan blast air flow rate Q is within the DeltaT time air The method meets the following conditions:
corresponding air mass m air The method comprises the following steps:
m air ＝ρ(T amb ,H amb )×Q air ；
from the thermal principle, the heat exchange amount of airThe method comprises the following steps:
further, the average heat exchange amountThe method comprises the following steps:
average power of compressor during delta T timeThe method comprises the following steps:
therefore, the average heat absorption efficiency of the compressorThe method comprises the following steps:
defining the deviation of heat absorption efficiency of compressor as lambda Δ The following steps are:
defining the relative humidity variation of the inlet and outlet air of the fan as lambda H The following steps are:
solving in a formulaAnd lambda (lambda) H And big data algorithm or expert experience knowledge to derive the degree of frosting alpha and +.>And a relative humidity change rate lambda H Functional relation of->And->Based on the above, the frosting degree alpha can be obtained, and then the frosting degree of the evaporator of the air energy water heater can be accurately judged. In order to make the technical method of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that in various embodiments of the present application, numerous technical details have been set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, the technical solutions claimed in the claims of the present application can be realized without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an evaporator part of an air energy water heater, and a refrigerant circulation loop includes: the device comprises an evaporator, a four-way valve, a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a heat exchanger, a liquid storage tank, an expansion valve and a filter. The refrigerant circulation part realizes energy exchange. In the heating working mode, the circulation sequence of the refrigerant is the arrow solid line flow direction; in the defrosting operation mode, the circulation sequence of the refrigerant is the arrow dotted line flow direction. The flow direction of the refrigerant is switched in the heating/defrosting mode by controlling the four-way valve. In the heating operation mode, the refrigerant absorbs heat energy in the air at the evaporator to become low-temperature low-pressure gas. Compressed by a compressor, becomes high-temperature high-pressure gas, flows through a heat exchanger, and exchanges heat. After releasing the heat energy, the heat energy returns to the evaporator again to perform the next heat exchange after passing through the liquid storage tank, the expansion valve and the filter. In the defrost mode of operation, the refrigerant absorbs heat energy at the heat exchanger to become a low temperature, low pressure gas. After being compressed by a compressor, the air is high-temperature and high-pressure air and flows through an evaporator to heat and defrost the copper pipe. After releasing the heat energy, the heat energy returns to the heat exchanger again to perform the next defrosting heat exchange after passing through the filter, the expansion valve and the liquid storage tank.
The frosting degree judging method comprises the following steps of:
(1) By the heavenAmbient temperature T of the day when gas information is acquired amb Relative humidity of environment H amb Judging whether the air energy water heater is currently in a frosting operation boundary range or not according to the existing big data experience knowledge; if yes, entering a frosting degree prediction algorithm, namely entering a step (2); otherwise, exiting;
(2) Respectively acquiring the temperature at the air outlet in the delta T timeRelative humidity at the air outlet->Fan operating speed n fan Cross-sectional area S of fan fan And the power P of the compressor comp ；
(3) Calculating the air flow rate at the fan outlet according to the formulaAnd mass m air ＝ρ(T amb ,H amb )×Q air ；
(4) Calculating the air heat exchange amount according to the formulaAverage heat exchange capacity->
(5) Calculating average power of compressor
(6) Calculating average heat absorption efficiency of compressor
(7) Will beThreshold of heat absorption efficiency under critical frosting conditionSigma comparison, determining whether the air energy water heater is in a frosting low-efficiency operation range; if yes, go to step (8); otherwise, exiting;
(8) Calculating the rate of change of relative humidity
(9) Will beSubstituting frosting degree alpha and heat absorption efficiency +.>A prediction function curve therebetweenDeriving a first degree of frosting->Lambda is set to H Substituting frosting degree alpha and relative humidity change rate lambda H Prediction function curve between +.>Deriving a second degree of frosting alpha (lambda) H )；
In this embodiment, FIG. 2 shows a first frosting degree and a first frosting degreeFunctional relation of->FIG. 3 shows the second frosting degree and the relative humidity change rate lambda H Functional relation of->From physical knowledge, the more severe the frosting, the less the air energy exchange of the evaporator, i.e.>The smaller the first degree of frosting is, the greater the first degree of frosting is. Conversely, the lighter the first degree of frosting, the greater the air energy exchange of the evaporator, i.e. +.>The greater the first degree of frosting the lesser. Therefore (S)>Is a monotonically decreasing function. Similarly, the more severe the frosting, the less the rate of change of relative humidity after the air energy exchange of the evaporator, i.e. lambda H The smaller the second degree of frosting is, the greater the second degree of frosting is. Conversely, the lighter the degree of frosting, the greater the rate of change of relative humidity after the air energy exchange of the evaporator, i.e. λ H The greater the second degree of frosting is, the lesser the second degree of frosting is. Therefore (S)>Also a monotonically decreasing function. At ambient temperature and ambient relative humidity T respectively amb And H amb When defining a critical frosting state where α=0, α=1 is the most severe frosting state. The specific data indexes corresponding to the critical frosting and the most serious frosting state can be obtained by a manufacturer through theoretical design and experimental data analysis or by expert experience knowledge and even big data intelligent analysis. σ in fig. 2 is the maximum threshold of the endothermic efficiency in the critical frosting state, which satisfies the following conditions: />λ min The minimum threshold value of the heat absorption efficiency in the most serious frosting state is satisfied: />From physical knowledge, the air-powered water heater absorbs weak heat energy from air even in a severely frosted state, so α=1 does not correspond to +>But +.>Similarly, in FIG. 3 +.>The maximum threshold value of the air relative humidity change rate under the critical frosting state is as follows: />The minimum threshold value of the relative humidity change rate of the air in the most serious frosting state is satisfied: />It is also known from physical knowledge that even in a severely frosted state, α=1 corresponds to not λ because the air energy water heater absorbs weak heat energy from the air, resulting in a small degree of change in relative humidity of the air H =0, but +.>
(11) Calculation of alpha (lambda) H ) Andmean value of>And solving for the degree of offset +.>
(12) Determining the degree of offsetWhether or not it is not more than the set threshold ζ, if so, the frosting degree +.>And exit; otherwise, go to step (13);
(13) Taking the mostDegree of large frostingThe judgment is to ensure that the air energy water heater can still reliably work under the worst frosting condition and exit.
In summary, according to the application, based on the characteristic that the heat exchange efficiency is significantly reduced under the frosting condition compared with the heat exchange efficiency during normal operation under the low-temperature and high-humidity working condition of the air-energy water heater evaporator, the average heat absorption efficiency and the relative humidity change rate of the compressor are obtained, the average heat absorption efficiency is utilized to obtain a first frosting degree value, the relative humidity change rate is utilized to substitute and obtain a second frosting degree value, the average value of the first frosting degree value and the second frosting degree value is calculated, the offset degree is solved, the frosting degree of the air-energy water heater evaporator is further determined according to the offset degree, and accurate and detailed data is provided for defrosting control parameters. The application can accurately judge the frosting fault and degree of the unit, avoid single condition, and provide reliable parameters for the defrosting operation condition of the air energy water heater due to misjudgment and failure caused by a simple judging method.
Claims (1)
1. A method for predicting frosting degree of an air energy water heater is characterized by comprising the following steps of: under the condition that the air energy water heater is in a frosting operation boundary range, acquiring average heat absorption efficiency and relative humidity change rate of the compressor, acquiring a first frosting degree value by utilizing the average heat absorption efficiency, acquiring a second frosting degree value by utilizing substitution of the relative humidity change rate, calculating an average value of the first frosting degree value and the second frosting degree value, solving the offset degree, and judging whether the offset degree is not more than a set threshold value, wherein if so, the frosting degree is equal to the average value; if not, the frosting degree is equal to the maximum value of the first frosting degree value and the second frosting degree value;
the process of obtaining the average heat absorption efficiency and the relative humidity change rate of the compressor is to obtain the temperature of the air outlet of the compressor in a sampling period delta TRelative humidity at the air outlet->Fan operating speed n fan Cross-sectional area S of fan fan And compressor power P comp ；
According to the fan operating speed n fan And a fan cross-sectional area S fan Calculating the air flow rate at the fan outlet:
according to the air density ρ (T) amb ,H amb ) And air mass at the fan outlet:
m air ＝ρ(T amb ,H amb )×Q air ；
according to the specific heat capacity C (T) amb ,H amb ) Mass of air m air Ambient temperature T of the same day amb And the temperature at the air outletCalculating the heat exchange quantity of air:
average heat exchange amount:
according to the power P of the compressor comp Calculating the average power of the compressor:
calculating the average heat absorption efficiency of the compressor according to the average heat exchange amount and the average power of the compressor:
according to the relative humidity H of the environment amb And relative humidity at the air outletCalculating the relative humidity change rate:
the first frosting degree value alpha (lambda H ) The acquisition of (a) is to substitute the average endothermic efficiency into a prediction functionIs obtained by calculation;
the second frosting degree valueIs obtained by substituting the relative humidity change rate into the prediction functionIs obtained by calculation;
the calculation formula of the offset degree is as follows:
wherein;for the degree of offset +.>For a first frosting degree value α (λ H ) And a second frosting degree value +.>Average value of (2).
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| WO2021082509A1 (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2021-05-06 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Air conditioning system and method for controlling air conditioner frosting |
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| CN114659268A (en) | 2022-06-24 |
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