CN114658503A - System and method for realizing black start of thermal power generating unit by utilizing molten salt heat storage - Google Patents
System and method for realizing black start of thermal power generating unit by utilizing molten salt heat storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN114658503A CN114658503A CN202210243283.7A CN202210243283A CN114658503A CN 114658503 A CN114658503 A CN 114658503A CN 202210243283 A CN202210243283 A CN 202210243283A CN 114658503 A CN114658503 A CN 114658503A
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 241001672018 Cercomela melanura Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015598 salt intake Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D19/00—Starting of machines or engines; Regulating, controlling, or safety means in connection therewith
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
- F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for realizing black start of a thermal power generating unit by utilizing fused salt heat storage, wherein the output end of a thermal power generating unit and the output end of a backpressure steam turbine unit are connected with a bus, the bus is connected with a power supply interface of a fused salt heater through a high-voltage transformer of the thermal power generating unit, the outlet of the fused salt heater is communicated with the pipe side inlet of a brine heat exchanger through a low-temperature melting tank, a high-temperature fused salt pump and a high-temperature fused salt valve, the pipe side outlet of the brine heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the low-temperature tank, the outlet of the low-temperature tank is communicated with the inlet of the fused salt heater, the outlet of a water supply booster pump is communicated with the inlet of the backpressure steam turbine unit through the shell side of the brine heat exchanger and the steam inlet control valve of the backpressure steam turbine unit, the system and the method can assist the thermal power generating unit to realize black start, and can calculate and obtain the electric power of the back pressure turbine unit, the molten salt consumption of the heat storage system and the power of the diesel generator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal power generation, and relates to a system and a method for realizing black start of a thermal power generating unit by utilizing molten salt heat storage.
Background
As far as 2020, the installed capacity of the national power generation is 22 hundred million kilowatts, and the thermal power generates 68% of electric quantity in 57% of the installed capacity, and is still the neutral column of the power supply side in China. With the acceleration of the urbanization process in China and the continuous development of national economy, the requirement on the stability of electric power is continuously improved, in particular to a thermal power generating unit in a load center. If regional power grid faults occur and power is lost, thermal power generating units in the regions cannot be started quickly under the power loss state of the power grid, and huge losses can be caused to life safety and property safety of people.
At present, research teams propose a black start scheme for power generation by renewable energy sources, but for thermal power generating units occupying the absolute main power of power generation, no proper solution and calculation of electric power of a required backpressure turbine unit, molten salt consumption of a heat storage system and power of a diesel generator exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a system and a method for realizing black start of a thermal power generating unit by utilizing molten salt heat storage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the system for realizing the black start of the thermal power generating unit by utilizing the heat storage of the molten salt comprises a low-temperature tank, a molten salt heater, a thermal power generating unit high-plant transformer, a thermal power generating unit, a molten low-temperature tank, a high-temperature molten salt pump, a high-temperature molten salt valve, a brine heat exchanger, a back pressure turbine set steam inlet control valve, a back pressure turbine set, a water supply booster pump and a diesel generator;
the output end of the thermal power generator set and the output end of the back pressure steam turbine set are connected with a bus, the bus is connected with a power supply interface of the molten salt heater through a thermal power generator set high-plant transformer, an outlet of the molten salt heater is communicated with a pipe side inlet of the brine heat exchanger through a molten low-temperature tank, a high-temperature molten salt pump and a high-temperature molten salt valve, a pipe side outlet of the brine heat exchanger is communicated with an inlet of the low-temperature tank, an outlet of the low-temperature tank is communicated with an inlet of the molten salt heater, an outlet of the water supply booster pump is communicated with an inlet of the back pressure steam turbine set through a shell side of the brine heat exchanger and a steam inlet control valve of the back pressure steam turbine set, and an output end of the diesel generator is connected with the water supply booster pump, the high-temperature molten salt valve and the steam inlet control valve of the back pressure steam turbine set.
The method for realizing black start of the thermal power generating unit by using molten salt heat storage comprises the following steps:
when the power is PeWhen the thermal power generating set needs to be started, the diesel generator is started to drive the high-temperature molten salt pump and the high-temperature molten salt valve to drive the high-temperature molten salt to enter the brine heat exchanger for heat release, and simultaneously, the diesel generator drives the water supply booster pump to send the desalted water into the brine heat exchanger for heat absorption so as to achieve the steam inlet pressure p required by the back pressure steam turbine setbyAnd inlet steam temperature tbyThen the steam enters a back pressure steam turbine set to generate electricity;
wherein the electric power according to the diesel generator is PcfAnd calculating the electric power of the needed backpressure turbine set, the molten salt consumption of the heat storage system and the power of the diesel generator.
Inlet pressure p required for a back-pressure steam turbinebyComprises the following steps:
Pby=Pe·ηe (I)
wherein, PbyPower of back-pressure steam turbine set, PeIs the power of the thermal generator set etaeThe high plant variable power required by the starting of the thermal generator set accounts for the proportion of the power of the generator set.
When the power of the back pressure steam turbine set is PbyWhen it is, then there are
hgq=h(pgq,tgq) (3)
hpq=h(ppq,tpq) (4)
Wherein Q isgsThe water supply flow h of the brine heat exchangergqAnd hpqIs the inlet and exhaust enthalpy, eta of the back-pressure steam turbine setbyFor internal efficiency of back-pressure steam turbine units, according to QgsAnd pgqCalculating the power P of the water supply booster pumpgs。
According to the feed water flow QgsCalculating the flow Q of the molten saltryComprises the following steps:
wherein C is the specific heat capacity of the molten salt, tryIs the temperature of the high temperature molten salt.
Required amount of molten salt mryAnd the power P of the diesel generatorcfComprises the following steps:
mry=Qry·t (6)
Pcf=Pgs+Pgs+Pfm (7)
wherein t is the time for supplying service power to the back pressure steam turbine set in the starting process of the set, PfmIs the sum of the electric power of the high-temperature molten salt pump and the steam inlet control valve of the back pressure steam turbine set.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the system and the method for realizing the black start of the thermal power generating unit by utilizing the heat storage of the molten salt, disclosed by the invention, are in specific work, the diesel generator is started to drive the high-temperature molten salt pump and the high-temperature molten salt valve to drive the high-temperature molten salt to enter the brine heat exchanger for heat release, and simultaneously drive the water supply booster pump to send the desalted water into the brine heat exchanger for heat absorption so as to achieve the steam inlet pressure p required by the back-pressure steam turbine unitbyAnd inlet steam temperature tbyThen the power is sent into a backpressure steam turbine unit to generate power so as to assist the thermal power unit to realize black start, and meanwhile, the power is P according to the electric power of a diesel generatorcfThe electric power of the needed backpressure steam turbine set, the fused salt using amount of the heat storage system and the power of the diesel generator are calculated, the operation is simple and convenient, and the practicability is extremely strong.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is a low-temperature tank, 2 is a molten salt heater, 3 is a thermal generator set high-plant-change, 4 is a thermal generator set, 5 is a molten low-temperature tank, 6 is a high-temperature molten salt pump, 7 is a high-temperature molten salt valve, 8 is a salt water heat exchanger, 9 is a back pressure turbine set steam inlet control valve, 10 is a back pressure turbine set, 11 is a water supply booster pump, and 12 is a diesel generator.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
There is shown in the drawings a schematic block diagram of a disclosed embodiment in accordance with the invention. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and some details may be omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
Referring to fig. 1, the system for realizing black start of a thermal power generating unit by using molten salt heat storage according to the present invention includes a low temperature tank 1, a molten salt heater 2, a thermal power generating unit high-voltage transformer 3, a thermal power generating unit 4, a molten low temperature tank 5, a high temperature molten salt pump 6, a high temperature molten salt valve 7, a brine heat exchanger 8, a back pressure steam turbine unit steam admission control valve 9, a back pressure steam turbine unit 10, a water supply booster pump 11, and a diesel generator 12;
the output end of the thermal power generator set 4 and the output end of the backpressure steam turbine set 10 are connected with a bus, the bus is connected with a power supply interface of the molten salt heater 2 through a thermal power generator set high-voltage transformer 3, the outlet of the molten salt heater 2 is communicated with the pipe side inlet of the brine heat exchanger 8 through a molten low-temperature tank 5, a high-temperature molten salt pump 6 and a high-temperature molten salt valve 7, the pipe side outlet of the brine heat exchanger 8 is communicated with the inlet of the low-temperature tank 1, the outlet of the low-temperature tank 1 is communicated with the inlet of the molten salt heater 2, the outlet of the water supply booster pump 11 is communicated with the inlet of the backpressure steam turbine set 10 through the shell side of the brine heat exchanger 8 and the backpressure steam turbine set steam inlet control valve 9, and the output end of the diesel generator 12 is connected with the water supply booster pump 11, the high-temperature molten salt pump 6, the high-temperature molten salt valve 7 and the backpressure steam turbine set steam inlet control valve 9.
The method for realizing black start of the thermal power generating unit by utilizing the heat storage of the molten salt comprises the following steps of:
the method adopts two modes of electric heating and steam heating molten salt to store heat, and the heat storage capacity is set to be QyElectric power of the back pressure steam turbine 10 is PbyElectric power of the diesel generator 12 is PcfWhen the power is PeWhen the thermal power generating set 4 needs to be started, the diesel generator 12 is started to drive the high-temperature molten salt pump 6 and the high-temperature molten salt valve 7 to drive the high-temperature molten salt to enter the brine heat exchanger 8 for heat release, and simultaneously, the diesel generator 12 drives the water supply booster pump 11 to send the desalted water into the brine heat exchanger 8 for heat absorption so as to achieve the steam inlet pressure p required by the back pressure steam turbine set 10byAnd inlet steam temperature tbyThen enters a back pressure steam turbine set 10 to generate power, and the exhaust pressure and the exhaust temperature of the back pressure steam turbine set 10 can be selected as the pressure p of low-parameter industrial steam supply of a thermal power generating unit or the exhaust of an intermediate pressure cylinderbpAnd temperature tbp。
Wherein the inlet steam pressure p required by the back pressure steam turbine unit 10byComprises the following steps:
Pby=Pe·ηe (1)
wherein, PbyPower, P, of the back-pressure turboset 10eIs the power of the thermal generator set 4, etaeThe high plant variable power required for starting the thermal generator set 4 accounts for 5% of the power of the set, generally.
When the power of the back pressure steam turbine set 10 is PbyWhen it is, then there are
hgq=h(pgq,tgq) (3)
hpq=h(ppq,tpq) (4)
Wherein Q isgsThe water supply flow rate h of the brine heat exchanger 8gqAnd hpqThe steam inlet enthalpy and the steam exhaust enthalpy of the back pressure steam turbine set 10 can be determined according to the steam inlet pressure p of the back pressure steam turbine set 10gqInlet steam temperature tgqExhaust pressure ppqAnd exhaust temperature tpqObtained by examining the water vapor function, etabyFor internal efficiency of the back-pressure steam turbine 10, according to QgsAnd pgqCalculating the power P of the water supply booster pump 11gs。
According to the feed water flow QgsCalculating the flow Q of the molten saltryComprises the following steps:
wherein C is the specific heat capacity of the molten salt, tryIs the temperature of the high temperature molten salt.
The required amount of molten salt mryAnd the power P of the diesel generator 12cfComprises the following steps:
mry=Qry·t (6)
Pcf=Pgs+Pgs+Pfm (7)
wherein t is the time required for the back pressure steam turbine set 10 to supply service power in the set starting process, PfmIs the sum of the electric power of the high-temperature molten salt pump 6 and the steam inlet control valve 9 of the back pressure steam turbine set.
Claims (8)
1. A system for realizing black start of a thermal power generating unit by utilizing molten salt heat storage is characterized by comprising a low-temperature tank (1), a molten salt heater (2), a thermal power generating unit high-plant transformer (3), a thermal power generating unit (4), a molten low-temperature tank (5), a high-temperature molten salt pump (6), a high-temperature molten salt valve (7), a brine heat exchanger (8), a back-pressure turbine unit steam inlet control valve (9), a back-pressure turbine unit (10), a water supply booster pump (11) and a diesel generator (12);
the output end of a thermal power generating set (4) and the output end of a back pressure steam turbine set (10) are connected with a bus, the bus is connected with a power supply interface of a molten salt heater (2) through a thermal power generating set high-plant transformer (3), the outlet of the molten salt heater (2) is communicated with the pipe side inlet of a brine heat exchanger (8) through a molten low-temperature tank (5), a high-temperature molten salt pump (6) and a high-temperature molten salt valve (7), the pipe side outlet of the brine heat exchanger (8) is communicated with the inlet of a low-temperature tank (1), the outlet of the low-temperature tank (1) is communicated with the inlet of the molten salt heater (2), the outlet of a water supply pump (11) is communicated with the inlet of the back pressure steam turbine set (10) through the shell side of the brine heat exchanger (8) and a steam inlet control valve (9) of the back pressure steam turbine set, and the output end of a diesel generator (12) is communicated with the water supply pump (11), the high-temperature molten salt pump (6), The high-temperature molten salt valve (7) is connected with the steam inlet control valve (9) of the back pressure steam turbine set.
2. A method for realizing black start of a thermal power generating unit by utilizing molten salt heat storage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when the power is PeWhen the thermal power generator set (4) needs to be started, the diesel generator (12) is started to drive the high-temperature molten salt pump (6) and the high-temperature molten salt valve (7) to drive high-temperature molten salt to enter the brine heat exchanger (8) for releasing heat, and meanwhile, the diesel generator (12) drives the water supply booster pump (11) to send desalted water into the brine heat exchanger (8) for absorbing heat so as to achieve the steam inlet pressure p required by the back pressure steam turbine set (10)byAnd inlet steam temperature tbyThen the steam enters a backpressure steam turbine set (10) to generate electricity;
wherein the electric power according to the diesel generator (12) is PcfAnd calculating the electric power of the required backpressure steam turbine set (10), the molten salt usage of the heat storage system and the power of the diesel generator (12).
3. The method for realizing black start of thermal power generating unit by utilizing molten salt heat storage according to claim 2, characterized in that the required steam inlet pressure p of the back pressure steam turbine unit (10)byComprises the following steps:
Pby=Pe·ηe (1)
wherein, PbyFor the power of a back-pressure steam turbine unit (10),PeIs the power of the thermal generator set (4) (. eta.)eThe high plant variable power required by the starting of the thermal generator set (4) accounts for the proportion of the power of the generator set.
4. The method for realizing the black start of the thermal power generating unit by utilizing the molten salt heat storage as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that when the power of the back pressure turbine unit (10) is PbyWhen it is, then there are
Wherein Q isgsThe water supply flow rate h of the brine heat exchanger (8)gqAnd hpqIs the steam inlet enthalpy and the steam outlet enthalpy, eta of the back pressure steam turbine set (10)byFor internal efficiency of back-pressure steam turbine set (10), according to QgsAnd pgqCalculating the power P of the water supply booster pump (11)gs。
5. The method for realizing black start of thermal power generating unit by utilizing molten salt heat storage according to claim 4, characterized in that the steam inlet enthalpy and the steam exhaust enthalpy h of the back pressure steam turbine unit (10)gqAnd hpqComprises the following steps:
hgq=h(pgq,tgq) (3)
hpq=h(ppq,tpq) (4)。
6. the method for realizing black start of thermal power generating unit by using molten salt heat storage according to claim 5, wherein the black start is realized according to feed water flow QgsCalculating the flow Q of the molten saltryComprises the following steps:
wherein C is the specific heat capacity of the molten salt, tryIs the temperature of the high temperature molten salt.
7. The method for realizing black start of thermal power generating unit by using molten salt heat storage according to claim 6, wherein the required amount of molten salt mryComprises the following steps:
mry=Qry·t (6)
wherein t is the time for supplying service power to the back pressure steam turbine set (10) in the starting process of the set.
8. The method for realizing the black start of the thermal power generating unit by utilizing the heat storage of the molten salt according to claim 7, characterized in that the power P of the diesel generator (12)cfComprises the following steps:
Pcf=Pgs+Pgs+Pfm (7)
wherein, PfmIs the sum of electric power of a high-temperature molten salt pump (6) and a steam inlet control valve (9) of a backpressure steam turbine set.
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CN202210243283.7A CN114658503A (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2022-03-11 | System and method for realizing black start of thermal power generating unit by utilizing molten salt heat storage |
PCT/CN2022/102519 WO2023168863A1 (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-29 | System and method for implementing black start of thermal power generating unit by using molten salt heat storage |
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WO2023168863A1 (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-14 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System and method for implementing black start of thermal power generating unit by using molten salt heat storage |
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CN113847586A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2021-12-28 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System using fused salt of thermal power as backup heat source of backpressure machine |
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US20100038581A1 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2010-02-18 | Solar Millennium Ag | Multinary salt system for storing and transferring thermal energy |
US10326276B2 (en) * | 2015-04-06 | 2019-06-18 | Solarreserve Technology, Llc | Electrical power systems incorporating thermal energy storage |
CN113315151B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-09-02 | 北京能高自动化技术股份有限公司 | Comprehensive energy peak regulation station and peak regulation method constructed based on phase change energy storage |
CN113864015A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2021-12-31 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Auxiliary thermal power black starting system of molten salt heat storage back press |
CN113864016A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2021-12-31 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Diesel generator standby system based on molten salt heat storage of power plant |
CN114017147A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-08 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Molten salt heat storage and steam supply system for supplying black start power supply and working method |
CN114658503A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-24 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System and method for realizing black start of thermal power generating unit by utilizing molten salt heat storage |
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WO2023168863A1 (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-14 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System and method for implementing black start of thermal power generating unit by using molten salt heat storage |
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