CN114658411B - Device and method for evaluating integrity of shaft after high-pressure oil and gas well pipe column is blocked - Google Patents
Device and method for evaluating integrity of shaft after high-pressure oil and gas well pipe column is blocked Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for evaluating the integrity of a shaft after a high-pressure oil and gas well pipe column is blocked, and belongs to the field of oil and gas field development engineering. The device's tubular column entrance and exit and confined pressure system one side all are connected with temperature pressure detection device, and confined pressure headtotail pressure compensating device, tubular column access connection injection container, and the export has connected gradually back pressure device, recovery unit, and tubular column and confined pressure system are located heating system, and temperature pressure detection device, flowmeter all are connected with data acquisition system signal. According to the invention, the data such as the flow, the temperature and the pressure change of the fluid are recorded, the data after the temperature and pressure transient and stabilization inside and outside the tubular column are collected through the data acquisition system, the parameters such as the internal pressure resistance and the external extrusion resistance of the tubular column are calculated to determine the stress condition of the tubular column, the evaluation of the integrity of the shaft of the high-pressure oil and gas well after the tubular column is blocked by factors such as different blocking degrees, the pressure difference of an oil sleeve, different pressure relief speeds and different oil pipe breaking positions is realized, and a basic support is provided for the safe production of the high-pressure oil and gas well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for evaluating the integrity of a shaft after a high-pressure oil-gas well pipe column is blocked, and belongs to the technical field of oil-gas field development engineering.
Background
Wellbore integrity is a solution to combine technical, operational and organizational management to reduce the risk of uncontrolled leakage of formation fluids from oil and gas wells over the life cycle, the core of which is that an effective wellbore barrier must be established at each wellbore stage. At the initial stage of the research in the field of the integrity of the shaft, domestic scholars develop related researches aiming at the problem of the integrity of the shaft in the drilling process and the production process, provide a risk evaluation model based on an analytic hierarchy process, and research the influence mechanism and failure risk of factors such as the thread sealing property of an oil casing under a gas well, the corrosion of assemblies under the gas well and the like on the integrity of the shaft.
The research on the evaluation of the well integrity risk at home and abroad is mainly based on the analysis of a potential failure mode, the overall risk condition of the well is developed, most of the research is concentrated on field measures such as an integrity monitoring and management system and the like in the production process of an oil-gas well, the research on the integrity of a shaft after the high-pressure oil-gas well pipe column is blocked is less, and the influence on the integrity of the shaft after the high-pressure oil-gas well pipe column is blocked cannot be fully reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for evaluating the integrity of a shaft after a high-pressure oil-gas well pipe column is blocked, solves the problem that the integrity of the shaft after the high-pressure oil-gas well pipe column is blocked cannot be evaluated, and is used for researching the integrity rule of the shaft after the high-pressure oil-gas well pipe column is blocked.
Interpretation of terms:
an oil sleeve annulus: the oil field well comprises an oil pipe and a casing, wherein the oil pipe is arranged in the casing, and an annular space between the oil pipe and the casing is an oil casing annulus.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for evaluating the integrity of a shaft after a high-pressure oil-gas well pipe column is blocked comprises a shaft flow simulation pipe column and a data acquisition system, wherein the inlet and the outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column are both connected with a temperature and pressure detection device A which is used for detecting the temperature and pressure changes at the inlet and the outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column in real time;
the wellbore flow simulation pipe column is arranged in a confining pressure system, the confining pressure system is used for simulating an oil sleeve annulus, a plurality of temperature and pressure detection devices B are uniformly arranged on the confining pressure system along the length direction and are used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of different lengths of the confining pressure system in real time, and the whole process detection of the temperature and the pressure can be realized; the confining pressure system is connected with a pressure supplementing device (such as a hand pump, a displacement pump and the like), and the pressure of the oil sleeve annulus is set through the pressure supplementing device;
the inlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column is connected with an injection container, high-pressure oil gas fluid is contained in the injection container, a flow meter is arranged on a pipeline between the injection container and the inlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column, the outlet is sequentially connected with a back pressure device (such as a back pressure valve) and a recovery device through the pipeline, the high-pressure oil gas fluid flows into the shaft flow simulation pipe column through the flow meter, the production process of the simulated oil gas is simulated, and then flows into the recovery device through the back pressure device;
the shaft flow simulation pipe column and the confining pressure system are positioned in the heating system and are used for experiment temperature control;
and the temperature and pressure detection device A, the temperature and pressure detection device B and the flowmeter are in signal connection with a data acquisition system.
The confining pressure system is larger than the shaft flow simulation pipe column, the shaft flow simulation pipe column is arranged in/transversely penetrates through the confining pressure system, and the shaft flow simulation pipe column can be detachably connected through a nut.
Preferably, 1 or more reducing structures are arranged in the shaft flow simulation pipe column and used for simulating the blocking process, data such as fluid flow, temperature and pressure change are recorded, data after temperature and pressure transient and stabilization are collected through a data acquisition system, and parameters such as internal pressure resistance and external extrusion resistance of the pipe column are calculated to determine the stress condition of the pipe column;
preferably, the inlet end internal diameter of reducing structure is great, and the inlet end external diameter is the same with the pit shaft flow simulation tubular column internal diameter, and reducing structure reduces from the inlet end to the exit end internal diameter gradually, the accumulation of the plug of being convenient for, and reducing structure and pit shaft flow simulation tubular column can be structure as an organic whole, perhaps, the inlet end of reducing structure can weld on the pit shaft flow simulation tubular column inner wall.
The reducing structure in the shaft flow simulation pipe column is mainly used for accelerating the blockage in the production process of high-pressure oil gas fluid, and the high-pressure oil gas fluid can be high-wax-content fluid, high-asphaltene-content fluid, scaling ions and the like.
Preferably, a weak section is arranged at the upper part of the shaft flow simulation pipe column, the wall thickness of the weak section is thinned (the wall thickness of the pipe column can be thinned through means of cutting, polishing and the like), the compressive strength is reduced, the simulation pipe column is mainly used for simulating shaft integrity simulation caused by factors such as breakage or perforation of the upper part of a shaft blocking position after the pipe column is blocked, and the system analysis of the upper part breaking process after the shaft flow simulation pipe column is blocked is realized by detecting the pressure and temperature changes inside and outside the shaft flow simulation pipe column and analyzing the internal pressure resistance and external extrusion resistance of the pipe column.
The weak part of the oil pipe is simulated by a manual means, the internal pressure resistance and the external extrusion resistance are the lowest, the oil pipe is most easy to break, and the weak point can be arranged at any position of the oil pipe.
Preferably, the lower part of the shaft flow simulation pipe column is also provided with a weak section, the wall thickness of the weak section is thinned, the compressive strength is reduced, the shaft flow simulation pipe column is used for simulating the shaft integrity caused by factors such as cracking or perforation at the lower part of a blocked position after the pipe column is blocked, and the internal pressure resistance and the external extrusion resistance of the pipe column are analyzed by detecting the pressure and temperature changes inside and outside the shaft flow simulation pipe column, so that the system analysis of different oil pipe cracking positions after the shaft flow simulation pipe column is blocked is realized.
Preferably, the export of the shaft flow simulation tubular column is connected with a blocking remover container through a pipeline, after the experiment is finished, a back pressure device side output device is closed after the pressure relief of the system, a high-pressure oil gas fluid side valve is closed, the shaft flow simulation tubular column is cleaned by injecting the blocking remover, and after the cleaning is finished, the simulation experiment can be continued to be carried out.
The blockage comprises organic blockage and inorganic blockage, the organic blockage generally takes wax and asphaltene as main materials, and the blockage removing agent can be wax removing and preventing agent or asphalt dispersing agent; inorganic blockage is inorganic scale generally, and can be removed by acidification and corrosion or a chelating agent, both organic blockage and inorganic blockage can be removed by a blocking remover, the experimental process can be repeated by resetting the temperature and pressure conditions after the blockage removal, and the evaluation of the integrity of a shaft after the pipe column is blocked under the multi-working condition is realized. The device can realize the evaluation of the integrity of the high-pressure oil and gas well pipe column after blockage by factors such as different blockage degrees, oil sleeve pressure differences, different pressure relief speeds, different oil pipe fracture positions and the like, and provides basic support for the safety production of the high-pressure oil and gas well.
The oil jacket pressure difference is the pressure difference between the shaft flow simulation pipe column (oil pipe) and the confining pressure system (sleeve pipe), if the confining pressure is large, the shaft flow simulation pipe column is extruded outwards, and the shaft flow simulation pipe column can be extruded to be broken or flattened after the anti-external extrusion strength is broken through; if the confining pressure is small, the flow simulation pipe column of the shaft is subjected to internal pressure, and the pipe column can be cracked after the internal pressure resistance strength is broken through.
Preferably, a valve A is arranged on a pipeline between the flowmeter and the shaft flow simulation pipe column, a valve B is arranged on a pipeline between the pressure compensating device and the confining pressure system, a valve C is arranged on a pipeline between an outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column and the back pressure device, a valve D is arranged on a pipeline between the back pressure device and the recovery device, and a valve E is arranged on a pipeline between the blocking remover and an outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column.
A method for evaluating the integrity of a shaft after a high-pressure oil and gas well pipe string is blocked comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a shaft flow simulation pipe column and a confining pressure system according to the equipment parameters of an oil pipe and a sleeve of a high-pressure oil-gas well;
(2) Preparing high-pressure fluid according to actual stratum fluid components, and introducing the prepared high-pressure fluid into an injection container;
(3) Connecting the devices according to a schematic diagram;
(4) Closing the valve A, the valve C, the valve D and the valve E, opening the valve B, and setting the pressure of a confining pressure system through a pressure supplementing device;
(5) Setting the temperature of the heating system and the pressure parameter of the back pressure device to simulate real production conditions;
(6) Setting the flow of high-pressure oil-gas fluid, opening a valve A3, a valve C and a valve D, injecting the prepared high-pressure oil-gas fluid into a shaft flow simulation pipe column, simulating a shaft blocking process in the normal production period of the high-pressure oil-gas well, recording the flow change of the high-pressure oil-gas fluid by a flowmeter, detecting the temperature and pressure change data at the inlet and the outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column in real time by a temperature and pressure detection device A, detecting the temperature and pressure change data of a confining pressure system in real time by a temperature and pressure detection device B, and transmitting the flow change, temperature and pressure change data to a data acquisition system in real time for analyzing the internal pressure resistance and external extrusion resistance of the pipe column in the process of different blocking degrees (the different blocking degrees can be visually evaluated according to the fluid flow or flow rate, temperature and pressure changes) in the normal production process so as to determine the stress condition of the pipe column;
(7) Along with the proceeding of simulation production, due to the arrangement of the reducing structure, the blocking degree of the shaft flow simulation pipe column is continuously intensified, the simulation of the production process has to be stopped when the shaft flow simulation pipe column is completely blocked, at the moment, the valve A is closed, the injection of high-pressure oil-gas fluid is stopped, the recorded flow, temperature and pressure change data of the flowmeter are transmitted to the data acquisition system in real time, and the data are used for analyzing the internal pressure resistance and external extrusion resistance of the pipe column under different pressure difference conditions between the shaft flow simulation pipe column and the confining pressure system through temperature and pressure transient and stable data, so as to determine the stress condition of the pipe column;
(8) Setting a pressure reduction speed through a back pressure device, keeping a valve A in a closed state, stopping injecting high-pressure oil-gas fluid, simulating the outflow of the high-pressure oil-gas fluid at the upper part of a blocking position in a pipe column by the flowing of a shaft under the action of pressure, and collecting temperature and pressure transient and stable data through a data acquisition system by recording fluid flow, temperature and pressure change data to analyze the internal pressure and external extrusion resistance conditions of the pipe column under different pressure relief speed conditions so as to further determine the stress condition of the pipe column;
(9) The upper and lower weak sections of the wellbore flow simulation pipe column are thinned through cutting and polishing, the pressure strength is reduced, the method is used for simulating the integrity simulation of the wellbore caused by the rupture/perforation factors of the upper and lower parts of the blocked position after the pipe column is blocked, and the internal pressure resistance and external extrusion resistance of the pipe column are analyzed by detecting the pressure and temperature change inside and outside the wellbore flow simulation pipe column, so that the system analysis of different oil pipe rupture positions after the wellbore flow simulation pipe column is blocked is realized;
(10) After the experiment is finished, closing the valve C after the pressure of the system is relieved, closing the valve A, opening the valve E, cleaning the flowing simulation pipe column of the shaft by injecting the blocking remover, and continuing to carry out the simulation experiment after the cleaning is finished.
Preferably, the pipe column is unblocked through the unblocking agent, the experimental process can be repeated by resetting the temperature and pressure conditions after the unblocking, and the evaluation of the integrity of the shaft after the pipe column is blocked under the multi-working-condition is realized.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the internal pressure and external extrusion resistance parameters can be calculated by common calculation methods (formulas and software) in the industry, and after the wellbore flow simulation tubular column is determined, the internal pressure and external extrusion resistance parameters are fixed values, which are not described herein again.
Where the invention is not described in detail, reference is made to the prior art.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the device for evaluating the integrity of the shaft after the high-pressure oil-gas well pipe column is blocked, high-pressure oil-gas fluid passes through the shaft flow simulation pipe column to simulate the oil-gas production process, the shaft flow simulation pipe column is internally provided with 1 or more reducing structures and used for simulating the blocking process, data such as fluid flow, temperature inside and outside the pipe column, pressure change and the like are recorded, and the internal pressure resistance and external extrusion resistance conditions of the pipe column are analyzed by collecting data after temperature and pressure transient and stability so as to determine the stress condition of the pipe column. The wall thickness of the pipe column is thinned at the weak positions of the upper part and the lower part of the shaft flow simulation pipe column through means of cutting, polishing and the like, the compressive strength is reduced, the method is mainly used for simulating shaft integrity simulation caused by factors such as cracking/perforation of the upper part and the lower part of the blocked position of the shaft after the production pipe column is blocked, and the system analysis of the cracking positions of different oil pipes after the shaft flow simulation pipe column is blocked is realized by detecting the internal and external pressure and temperature change analysis conditions of the pipe column.
2. No matter whether the blockage is organic blockage or inorganic blockage, the blockage removal of the tubular column can be realized by the blockage removal agent, the experimental process can be repeated by resetting the temperature and pressure conditions after the blockage removal, and the integrity evaluation of the shaft after the tubular column is blocked under the multi-working-condition is realized.
3. The evaluation method provided by the invention is simple to operate, can realize evaluation of the integrity of the shaft after the high-pressure oil and gas well pipe column is blocked by factors such as different blocking degrees, oil sleeve pressure difference, different pressure relief speeds and different oil pipe fracture positions, and provides a foundation support for the safety production of the high-pressure oil and gas well.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for evaluating wellbore integrity after a high pressure oil and gas well string is plugged according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of one configuration of a wellbore flow simulation string of the present invention;
wherein, 1, high-pressure oil gas fluid; 2. a flow meter; 3-1, valve A;3-2, valve B;3-3, valve C;3-4, valve D;3-5, valve E; 4. a wellbore flow simulation string; 4-1, reducing structure; 4-2, an upper weak section; 4-3, a lower weak section; 5. a confining pressure system; 6. a temperature and pressure detection device A; 7. a pressure compensating device; 8. a back pressure device; 9. a recovery unit; 10. a data acquisition system; 11-a blocking remover; 12. heating system, 13, temperature and pressure detecting device B.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the technical solutions in the present specification better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the implementation of the present specification, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention is not described in detail and is generally performed according to the conventional techniques in the art.
Example 1:
a device for evaluating the integrity of a shaft after a high-pressure oil-gas well pipe column is blocked is shown in figures 1-2 and comprises a shaft flow simulation pipe column 4 and a data acquisition system 10, wherein a temperature and pressure detection device A6 is connected to an inlet and an outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column 4 and is used for detecting the temperature and pressure changes at the inlet and the outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column 4 in real time;
the wellbore flow simulation pipe 4 is arranged in a confining pressure system 5, the confining pressure system 5 is used for simulating an oil sleeve annulus, a plurality of temperature and pressure detection devices B13 are uniformly arranged on the confining pressure system along the length direction and are used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the confining pressure system 5 at different lengths in real time, the whole process detection of the temperature and the pressure can be realized, and the real-time detection of the temperature and the pressure inside and outside the pipe column can be realized; the confining pressure system 5 is connected with a pressure supplementing device 7, such as a hand pump, and the pressure of the oil sleeve annulus is set through the pressure supplementing device 7;
the inlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column 4 is connected with an injection container, high-pressure oil and gas fluid 1 is contained in the injection container, a flow meter 2 is arranged on a pipeline between the injection container and the inlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column 4, the outlet is sequentially connected with a back pressure device 8 (such as a back pressure valve) and a recovery device 9 through pipelines, the high-pressure oil and gas fluid 1 flows into the shaft flow simulation pipe column through the flow meter 2, the oil and gas production process is simulated, and then flows through the back pressure device 8 and enters the recovery device 9;
the shaft flow simulation pipe column 4 and the confining pressure system 5 are positioned in the heating system 12 and used for experiment temperature control;
the temperature and pressure detection device A6, the temperature and pressure detection device B13 and the flowmeter 2 are in signal connection with the data acquisition system 10.
The confining pressure system is larger than the shaft flow simulation pipe column, the shaft flow simulation pipe column is arranged in/transversely penetrates through the confining pressure system, and the shaft flow simulation pipe column can be detachably connected through a nut.
Example 2:
a device for evaluating the integrity of a shaft after a high-pressure oil-gas well pipe column is blocked comprises a shaft flow simulation pipe column 4 and a data acquisition system, wherein the shaft flow simulation pipe column 4 is internally provided with 2 reducing structures 4-1 for simulating the blocking process, the data acquisition system is used for collecting temperature and pressure transient and stable data by recording the data of fluid flow, temperature, pressure change and the like, and the parameters of internal pressure resistance, external extrusion resistance and the like of the pipe column are calculated to determine the stress condition of the pipe column;
the inner diameter of the inlet end of the reducing structure 4-1 is larger, the outer diameter of the inlet end is the same as the inner diameter of the shaft flow simulation pipe column, the inner diameter of the reducing structure is gradually reduced from the inlet end to the outlet end, so that the blockage is convenient to accumulate, and the reducing structure and the shaft flow simulation pipe column can be of an integrated structure.
The reducing structure in the shaft flow simulation pipe column is mainly used for accelerating the blockage in the production process of high-pressure oil gas fluid, and the high-pressure oil gas fluid can be high-wax-content fluid, high-asphaltene-content fluid, scaling ions and the like.
Example 3:
the utility model provides an evaluation high pressure oil gas well tubular column blocks up back device of pit shaft integrality, as embodiment 2, the difference is that the upper portion of pit shaft flow simulation tubular column is provided with weak section, the wall thickness attenuation of upper portion weak section 4-2 (accessible cutting, means such as polishing with the tubular column wall thickness attenuation), compressive strength reduces, mainly used simulates the simulation tubular column and blocks up the back, pit shaft integrality simulation that factors such as upper portion broke or perforate caused, through detecting the inside and outside pressure of pit shaft flow simulation tubular column, temperature variation analysis tubular column's anti interior pressure, the anti crowded condition of outer, realize the system analysis of the upper portion rupture process after the jam of pit shaft flow simulation tubular column.
The lower part of the shaft flow simulation pipe column is also provided with a weak section, the wall thickness of the weak section 4-3 at the lower part is thinned, the compressive strength is reduced, the simulation pipe column is used for simulating the shaft integrity caused by factors such as cracking or perforation at the lower part of the blocked position after the pipe column is blocked, and the system analysis of the cracked positions of different oil pipes after the shaft flow simulation pipe column is blocked is realized by detecting the internal and external pressure and temperature changes of the shaft flow simulation pipe column to analyze the internal pressure resistance and external squeezing resistance of the pipe column.
The weak part of the oil pipe is simulated by a manual means, the internal pressure resistance and the external extrusion resistance are the lowest, the oil pipe is most easy to break, and the weak point can be arranged at any position of the oil pipe.
Example 4:
the utility model provides an evaluation high pressure oil gas well tubular column blocks up device of back pit shaft integrality, as embodiment 3, the institute is different is that 4 exports of pit shaft flow simulation tubular column still have the blocking remover container through the pipe connection, after the experiment, close back pressure device one side output device after the release of system pressure, close high pressure oil gas fluid one side valve, carry out the washing of pit shaft flow simulation tubular column through pouring into blocking remover 11, can continue to develop the simulation experiment after the washing.
The blockage comprises organic blockage and inorganic blockage, the organic blockage generally takes wax and asphaltene as main materials, and the blockage removing agent can be wax removing and preventing agent or asphalt dispersing agent; inorganic blockage is inorganic scale generally, and can be removed by acidification and corrosion or a chelating agent, both organic blockage and inorganic blockage can be removed by a blocking remover, the experimental process can be repeated by resetting the temperature and pressure conditions after the blockage removal, and the evaluation of the integrity of a shaft after the pipe column is blocked under the multi-working condition is realized. The device can realize the evaluation of the integrity of the high-pressure oil and gas well pipe column after blockage by factors such as different blockage degrees, oil sleeve pressure differences, different pressure relief speeds, different oil pipe fracture positions and the like, and provides basic support for the safety production of the high-pressure oil and gas well.
The oil jacket pressure difference is the pressure difference between the shaft flow simulation pipe column (oil pipe) and the confining pressure system (sleeve pipe), if the confining pressure is large, the shaft flow simulation pipe column is extruded outwards, and the shaft flow simulation pipe column can be extruded to be broken or flattened after the anti-external extrusion strength is broken through; if the confining pressure is small, the flowing simulation pipe column of the shaft is subjected to internal pressure, and the pipe column can be cracked after the internal pressure resistance strength is broken through.
A pipeline between the flowmeter 2 and the shaft flow simulation pipe column 4 is provided with a valve A3-1, a pipeline between the pressure compensating device 7 and the confining pressure system 5 is provided with a valve B3-2, a pipeline between the outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column 4 and the back pressure device 8 is provided with a valve C3-3, a pipeline between the back pressure device 8 and the recovery device 9 is provided with a valve D3-4, and a pipeline between the blocking remover container 11 and the outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column 4 is provided with a valve E3-5.
Example 5:
a method for evaluating the integrity of a shaft after a high-pressure oil and gas well pipe string is blocked comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a shaft flow simulation pipe column and a confining pressure system according to equipment parameters of a high-pressure oil-gas well oil pipe (total length 6500m, inner diameter 74.22mm, outer diameter 88.9 mm) and a sleeve (total length 6600m, inner diameter 168.27mm, outer diameter 180.36 mm), wherein the simulation pipe column is 1.5m in length and 1.5mm in inner diameter; the inner diameter of the confining pressure system is 3.4mm;
(2) The high-pressure oil-gas fluid 1 is high-wax-content crude oil, a wax sample is continuously separated out along with the reduction of the temperature to cause the blockage of a shaft flow simulation tubular column 4, and the high-pressure oil-gas fluid is introduced into an injection container after the preparation is finished;
(3) Connecting the devices according to a schematic diagram;
(4) Closing a valve A3-1, a valve C3-3, a valve D3-4 and a valve E3-5, opening a valve B3-2, and setting the pressure of a confining pressure system to be 2MPa through a pressure supplementing device 7;
(5) Setting parameters such as the temperature (80 ℃) of a heating system, the pressure (20 MPa) of a back pressure device and the like to simulate real production conditions;
(6) Setting the flow of high-pressure oil-gas fluid to be a fixed value between 0.0 and 0.2mL/s, opening a valve A3-1, a valve C3-3 and a valve D3-4, injecting the prepared high-pressure oil-gas fluid into a shaft flow simulation pipe column 4, simulating the shaft blocking process during the normal production of the high-pressure oil-gas well, recording the flow change of the high-pressure oil-gas fluid by a flowmeter, detecting the temperature and pressure change data of the inlet and the outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column in real time by a temperature and pressure detection device A, detecting the temperature and pressure change data of a confining pressure system in real time by a temperature and pressure detection device B, transmitting the flow change, temperature and pressure change data to a data acquisition system in real time, and analyzing the internal pressure and external extrusion resistance conditions of the pipe column during different blocking degrees in the normal production process through temperature and pressure transient and stable data so as to further determine the stress condition of the pipe column;
(7) Along with the proceeding of simulation production, due to the arrangement of the reducing structure, the blocking degree of the shaft flow simulation pipe column is continuously intensified, the simulation of the production process has to be stopped when the shaft flow simulation pipe column is completely blocked, at the moment, the valve A3-1 is closed, the injection of high-pressure oil-gas fluid is stopped, the recorded flow, temperature and pressure change data of the flowmeter are transmitted to the data acquisition system in real time, and the data are used for analyzing the internal pressure resistance and external extrusion resistance of the pipe column under different pressure difference conditions between the shaft flow simulation pipe column and the confining pressure system through temperature and pressure transient and stable data, so as to determine the stress condition of the pipe column;
(8) Setting a pressure reduction speed through a back pressure device 8, keeping a valve A3-1 in a closed state, stopping injecting high-pressure oil-gas fluid, simulating the outflow of the high-pressure oil-gas fluid on the upper part of a blocking position in a pipe column by the flowing of a shaft under the action of pressure, and collecting temperature and pressure transient and stable data through a data acquisition system by recording fluid flow, temperature and pressure change data to analyze the conditions of internal pressure resistance and external extrusion resistance of the pipe column under the conditions of different pressure relief speeds so as to determine the stress condition of the pipe column;
(9) The wall thickness of the upper and lower weak sections of the shaft flow simulation pipe column is thinned through cutting and polishing, the compressive strength is reduced, the pipe column is used for simulating the shaft integrity simulation caused by the cracking/perforation factors of the upper and lower parts of the blocked position after the pipe column is blocked, and the internal pressure and external extrusion resistance conditions of the pipe column are analyzed by detecting the pressure and temperature changes inside and outside the shaft flow simulation pipe column, so that the system analysis of the cracked positions of different oil pipes after the shaft flow simulation pipe column is blocked is realized;
(10) After the experiment is finished, closing the valve C3-3, closing the valve A3-1 and opening the valve E3-5 after the pressure of the system is relieved, cleaning the shaft flow simulation pipe column by injecting a blocking remover, and continuing to carry out the simulation experiment after the cleaning is finished.
The pipe column blockage removal is realized through the blockage removal agent, the experimental process can be repeated by resetting the temperature and pressure conditions after the blockage removal, and the evaluation of the integrity of the shaft after the pipe column is blocked under the multi-working-condition is realized.
The invention can detect the temperature and pressure changes inside and outside the pipe column in real time, combines with flow data, and carries out comparative analysis with the internal pressure resistance and external extrusion resistance parameters of the pipe column, thereby realizing the evaluation of the integrity of the shaft after the pipe column is blocked under the multi-working condition.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A device for evaluating the integrity of a shaft after the pipe column of a high-pressure oil-gas well is blocked is characterized by comprising a shaft flow simulation pipe column and a data acquisition system, wherein the inlet and the outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column are both connected with a temperature and pressure detection device A which is used for detecting the temperature and pressure changes at the inlet and the outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column in real time;
the wellbore flow simulation pipe column is arranged in a confining pressure system, the confining pressure system is used for simulating an oil sleeve annulus, and a plurality of temperature and pressure detection devices B are uniformly arranged on the confining pressure system along the length direction and are used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the confining pressure system at different lengths in real time; the confining pressure system is connected with a pressure supplementing device, and the pressure of the oil sleeve annulus is set through the pressure supplementing device;
the inlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column is connected with an injection container, high-pressure oil gas fluid is contained in the injection container, a flow meter is arranged on a pipeline between the injection container and the inlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column, and the outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column is sequentially connected with a back pressure device and a recovery device through pipelines;
the shaft flow simulation pipe column and the confining pressure system are positioned in the heating system and are used for experiment temperature control;
the temperature and pressure detection device A, the temperature and pressure detection device B and the flowmeter are in signal connection with the data acquisition system;
1 or more reducing structures are arranged in the shaft flow simulation pipe column and used for simulating the blocking process;
the inner diameter of the inlet end of the reducing structure is larger, the outer diameter of the inlet end is the same as the inner diameter of the shaft flow simulation pipe column, and the inner diameter of the reducing structure is gradually reduced from the inlet end to the outlet end, so that the blockage is convenient to accumulate.
2. The device for evaluating the integrity of the shaft after the high-pressure oil and gas well pipe column is blocked according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the shaft flow simulation pipe column is provided with a weak section, the wall thickness of the weak section is thinned, and the compressive strength is reduced, so that the device is used for simulating the integrity of the shaft caused by the cracking or perforation factors of the upper part of the blocked position after the pipe column is blocked.
3. The device for evaluating the integrity of the mineshaft after the high-pressure oil and gas well pipe column is blocked according to claim 2, wherein the lower part of the mineshaft flow simulation pipe column is also provided with a weak section, the wall thickness of the weak section is thinned, and the compressive strength is reduced, so that the device is used for simulating the integrity of the mineshaft caused by the rupture or perforation factor of the lower part of the blocked position after the pipe column is blocked.
4. The apparatus for evaluating the integrity of a wellbore following a blockage in a high pressure oil and gas well string according to claim 3, wherein the outlet of the wellbore flow simulator string is further connected to a deblocking agent container via tubing.
5. The device for evaluating the integrity of the shaft after the high-pressure oil and gas well pipe column is blocked according to claim 4, wherein a pipeline between the flow meter and the shaft flow simulation pipe column is provided with a valve A, a pipeline between the pressure compensating device and the confining pressure system is provided with a valve B, a pipeline between the outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column and the back pressure device is provided with a valve C, a pipeline between the back pressure device and the recovery device is provided with a valve D, and a pipeline between the blocking remover container and the outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column is provided with a valve E.
6. A method for evaluating the integrity of a shaft after a high-pressure oil and gas well pipe column is blocked is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing a shaft flow simulation pipe column and a confining pressure system according to the equipment parameters of an oil pipe and a sleeve of a high-pressure oil-gas well;
(2) Preparing high-pressure fluid according to actual stratum fluid components, and introducing the prepared high-pressure fluid into an injection container;
(3) Connecting the device for evaluating the integrity of the well bore after the blockage of the high-pressure oil and gas well string according to claim 4 in claim 5;
(4) Closing the valve A, the valve C, the valve D and the valve E, opening the valve B, and setting the pressure of a confining pressure system through a pressure supplementing device;
(5) Setting the temperature of the heating system and the pressure parameter of the back pressure device to simulate real production conditions;
(6) Setting the flow of high-pressure oil-gas fluid, opening a valve A3, a valve C and a valve D, injecting the prepared high-pressure oil-gas fluid into a shaft flow simulation pipe column, simulating the shaft blocking process in the normal production period of the high-pressure oil-gas well, recording the flow change of the high-pressure oil-gas fluid by a flowmeter, detecting the temperature and pressure change data at the inlet and the outlet of the shaft flow simulation pipe column in real time by a temperature and pressure detection device A, detecting the temperature and pressure change data of a confining pressure system in real time by a temperature and pressure detection device B, transmitting the flow change data, the temperature and pressure change data to a data acquisition system in real time, analyzing the internal pressure and external extrusion resistance conditions of the pipe column in the processes of different blocking degrees in the normal production process through temperature and pressure transient and stable data, and further determining the stress condition of the pipe column;
(7) Along with the proceeding of simulation production, due to the arrangement of the reducing structure, the blocking degree of the shaft flow simulation pipe column is aggravated continuously, the simulation of the production process has to be stopped when the shaft flow simulation pipe column is completely blocked, at the moment, the valve A is closed, the injection of high-pressure oil-gas fluid is stopped, the recorded flow, temperature and pressure change data of the flowmeter are transmitted to a data acquisition system in real time, and the data are used for analyzing the internal pressure resistance and external extrusion resistance of the pipe column under different pressure difference conditions between the shaft flow simulation pipe column and the confining pressure system through temperature and pressure transient and stable data, so that the stress condition of the pipe column is determined;
(8) Setting a pressure reduction speed through a back pressure device, keeping a valve A in a closed state, stopping injecting high-pressure oil-gas fluid, simulating the outflow of the high-pressure oil-gas fluid on the upper part of a blocking position in a tubular column through the flowing of a shaft under the action of pressure, and collecting temperature and pressure transient and stable data through a data acquisition system by recording fluid flow, temperature and pressure change data for analyzing the internal pressure resistance and external extrusion resistance conditions of the tubular column under different pressure relief speed conditions so as to determine the stress condition of the tubular column;
(9) The wall thickness of the upper and lower weak sections of the shaft flow simulation pipe column is thinned through cutting and polishing, the compressive strength is reduced, the pipe column is used for simulating shaft integrity simulation caused by cracking/perforation factors of the upper and lower parts of a blocking position after the pipe column is blocked, and the internal pressure and external extrusion resistance conditions of the pipe column are analyzed by detecting the pressure and temperature changes inside and outside the shaft flow simulation pipe column;
(10) After the experiment is finished, closing the valve C after the pressure of the system is relieved, closing the valve A, opening the valve E, cleaning the shaft flow simulation pipe column by injecting the blocking remover, and continuing to carry out the simulation experiment after the cleaning is finished.
7. The method of evaluating wellbore integrity following plugging of a high pressure oil and gas well string according to claim 6, characterized in that
The pipe column blockage removal is realized through the blockage removal agent, the experimental process can be repeated by resetting the temperature and pressure conditions after the blockage removal,
and the integrity evaluation of the shaft after the pipe column is blocked under the multi-working condition is realized.
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