CN114657292A - Filling method below central line of blast furnace opening tuyere - Google Patents
Filling method below central line of blast furnace opening tuyere Download PDFInfo
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- CN114657292A CN114657292A CN202210265328.0A CN202210265328A CN114657292A CN 114657292 A CN114657292 A CN 114657292A CN 202210265328 A CN202210265328 A CN 202210265328A CN 114657292 A CN114657292 A CN 114657292A
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- coke
- tuyere
- blast furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/007—Conditions of the cokes or characterised by the cokes used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/14—Discharging devices, e.g. for slag
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a filling method below a blast furnace opening tuyere central line, which comprises the following steps: the coke is filled from the position below the center line of the taphole to the bottom of the furnace; and sleepers and/or miscellaneous trees are filled between the center line of the taphole and the center line of the tuyere. The problem of sleeper carbonization in the area below the taphole is solved; the dead iron layer is filled with coke with high strength and large granularity, which is beneficial to the activation of a hearth and the dead iron layer, the flow of iron slag, the improvement of the smooth running of the blast furnace and the reduction of the damage of cooling equipment such as a tuyere and the like; meanwhile, the method reduces the consumption of the sleepers and/or miscellaneous trees by about 1/3, reduces forest felling, is beneficial to environmental protection and reduces the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blast furnace smelting, and particularly relates to a filling method below a blast furnace opening tuyere central line.
Background
The blast furnace overhaul or newly-built blow-in, hearth and dead iron layer filling mode have two kinds: (1) the full coke filling method is that the hearth and the dead iron layer are all filled with coke; (2) the furnace hearth is filled with miscellaneous wood sleepers, namely, the furnace hearth and the dead iron layer are mostly filled with sleepers or miscellaneous woods. Compared with the operation of filling the hearth with full coke, the sleeper is filled with the hearth, the heating temperature of the hearth is fast, the heat efficiency is high, the first furnace iron is discharged, the space is vacated, and the descending of furnace burden is fast facilitated, so that the stable, reliable and smooth running of the blast furnace can be ensured, and the fast furnace opening can be realized. The traditional sleeper and miscellaneous tree loading mode: and (3) filling a small amount of coke at the bottom of the furnace, paving the bottom coke with the thickness of about 500-800 mm, and filling miscellaneous trees to the periphery of the tuyere with the central line of 100-300 mm, and using sleepers for one circle to protect the tuyere. However, the conventional sleeper filling method has the following problems:
in order to forcibly heat the blast furnace hearth, a taphole gas delivery pipe is required to be arranged when the blast furnace is opened. Air enters from the tuyeres and a large amount of air flows from the tuyeres upwards (in front of the tuyeres and burns with coke to produce gas) through the charge and out of the furnace roof. Part of the air enters from the air port, flows downwards to burn with the sleepers to generate coal gas, and the coal gas is discharged through the iron port. In the traditional sleeper (miscellaneous tree) filling method, a sleeper with the thickness of about 2000mm is arranged below the center line of a taphole, and the sleeper does not have enough O2The sleeper is hard to burn when the furnace is opened, and the unburned sleeper is carbonized along with the temperature rise of the furnace hearth and the temperature rise of a dead iron layer to more than 1000 ℃. The carbonization causes the sleeper on the dead iron layer to have low strength, is not beneficial to the activity of a furnace hearth and the dead iron layer, is not beneficial to the flow of slag iron, seriously influences the smooth running of a blast furnace and even causes the damage of cooling equipment such as a tuyere and the like. This part of the wood carbonizes in the dead iron layer, since this area is free of O2The consumption mode is only carburization, and the time of carburization consumption and long process is about 7 to 15 days, so that the carbonization of the sleepers in the area below the taphole must be eliminatedAnd (5) problems are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a filling method below the central line of a blast furnace opening tuyere, which can eliminate the carbonization defect of the area below the central line of iron ores, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the aim, the filling method below the central line of the blast furnace opening tuyere designed by the invention comprises the following steps: coke is filled from the position below the center line of the taphole to the bottom of the furnace; and sleepers and/or miscellaneous trees are filled between the center line of the taphole and the center line of the tuyere.
Further, it is characterized in that: the coke is large-particle-size coke, and the particle-size equivalent diameter of the coke is 50-80 mm.
Furthermore, the coke adopts two distribution angles, the first distribution angle is a falling point which is 2-3 meters away from the edge of the hearth, and the second distribution angle is a falling point which is at the center of the hearth.
Furthermore, the ratio of the first material distribution angle to the second material distribution angle is 60-70% to 30-40%.
Further, coke in the center of the hearth forms a coke cone, the diameter of the coke cone is 1/3-1/2 of the diameter of the hearth, the bottom surface of the coke cone is flush with the center line of the taphole, the cone tip of the coke cone protrudes upwards and is naturally formed according to the coke loading stack angle, and the natural stack angle is 30-36 degrees.
Further, a sleeper, or a miscellaneous tree below the upper sleeper, or a sleeper below the upper miscellaneous tree is filled between the center line of the iron notch and the center line of the air opening.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the filling method below the central line of the blast furnace opening tuyere of the invention can eliminate the problem of sleeper carbonization in the area below the taphole; the dead iron layer is filled with coke with high strength and large granularity, which is beneficial to the activation of a hearth and the dead iron layer, the flow of iron slag, the improvement of the smooth running of the blast furnace and the reduction of the damage of cooling equipment such as a tuyere and the like; meanwhile, the method reduces the consumption of the sleepers and/or miscellaneous trees by about 1/3, reduces forest felling, is beneficial to environmental protection and reduces the cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the filling method below the central line of the blast furnace tuyere of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
The filling method below the central line of the blast furnace opening tuyere is limited to the time of new construction or overhaul. The specific filling method comprises the following steps: as shown in figure 1, coke is filled from the position below the center line of the taphole to the bottom of the furnace; meanwhile, the space between the center line of the iron notch and the center line of the air opening is filled with sleepers and/or miscellaneous trees, the sleepers can be completely sleepers, the miscellaneous trees can be completely miscellaneous trees, the miscellaneous trees are arranged below the sleepers on the top, or the sleepers are arranged below the miscellaneous trees on the top.
The coke is large-particle-size coke, the particle size equivalent diameter of the coke is 50-80 mm, and the large-particle-size coke is beneficial to liquid permeability of a hearth and a dead iron layer at the initial stage of blow-in and is beneficial to activation of the hearth. Meanwhile, the coke adopts two distribution angles, the first distribution angle is that the falling point is 2-3 meters away from the edge of the hearth, and the second distribution angle is that the falling point is in the center of the hearth. The ratio of the first material distribution angle to the second material distribution angle (namely weight) is 60-70%: 30-40%, the cloth angle of the falling point 2-3 m away from the edge of the hearth is to prevent the falling point from being close to the tuyere and impacting the tuyere in the falling process to cause the damage of the tuyere.
Due to central zone sleeper combustion O2The transmission conditions are worse, the centre is starved of oxygen and the sleepers are more difficult to burn. Therefore, the coke in the center of the hearth forms a coke cone, the diameter of the coke cone is 1/3-1/2 of the diameter of the hearth, the bottom surface of the coke cone is flush with the center line of the taphole, the cone tip of the coke cone protrudes upwards and is naturally formed according to the coke loading stacking angle, the natural stacking angle is 30-36 degrees, and the center is filled with sleepers as little as possible.
The filling method below the central line of the blast furnace opening tuyere of the invention can eliminate the problem of sleeper carbonization in the area below the taphole; the dead iron layer is filled with coke with high strength and large granularity, which is beneficial to the activation of a hearth and the dead iron layer, the flow of iron slag, the improvement of the smooth running of the blast furnace and the reduction of the damage of cooling equipment such as a tuyere and the like; meanwhile, the method reduces the consumption of the sleepers and/or miscellaneous trees by about 1/3, reduces forest felling, is beneficial to environmental protection and reduces the cost.
Example 1
Blast furnace effective volume 4117m3The diameter of the hearth is 13.6m, the thickness of a dead iron layer is 2.8m, the height of the hearth is 5.2m, the distance from the center line of an iron notch to the center line of a tuyere is 4.4m, the distance from the center line of the tuyere to the lower edge of the tuyere is 0.3m, and the filling modes of the furnace bottom, the hearth sleepers and/or the miscellaneous trees after the blast furnace is overhauled are as follows:
1) the blast furnace is provided with a taphole gas leading-out pipe, the guide pipe with the outer diameter of 108mm (108X 14, 14 is a guide pipe with the pipe wall thickness unit of mm and the inner diameter of 80mm) penetrates through the taphole mud bag by 200mm into the furnace and extends out of the furnace by 600mm, after the blast furnace is ignited and supplies air, the air enters from the tuyere, a large amount of air flows upwards from the tuyere (the air is combusted with coke in front of the tuyere) and flows out from the furnace top through furnace burden, part of the air enters from the tuyere and flows downwards to be combusted with sleeper to generate gas, and the gas is discharged through the taphole.
2) And calculating the loading amount of the sleepers and the transferring amount of the large coke at the bottom of the furnace according to the loading requirement. Coke is filled from the position below the center line of the taphole to the bottom of the furnace, and the thickness of the bottom-laying coke is about 2800mm (the thickness of the dead iron layer of the blast furnace is 2800 mm); and the coke in the center of the hearth forms a coke cone, the diameter of the coke cone is 1/2 of the diameter of the hearth, the bottom surface of the coke cone is flush with the center line of the taphole, the cone tip of the coke cone protrudes upwards and is naturally formed according to the coke loading stack angle, and the natural stack angle is 36 degrees. Meanwhile, crossties and/or miscellaneous trees are used for filling the space between the center line of the iron notch and the center line of the tuyere. The bulk specific gravity of the coke is 0.54t/m3And the furnace bottom compression ratio is 18%, the filling amount of the furnace bottom large-particle-size coke is as follows:
[π*13.62*2.8/4+π*6.82*6.8*tg36°/12]*0.54/(1-18％)＝307.8t.
the sleeper or fill volume is:
[π*13.62*4.1/4-π*6.82*6.8*tg36°/12]＝534.9m3.
3) one coke tank with a screen diameter of 50mm was used below the tank. So as to screen out the coke with the equivalent diameter of more than or equal to 50mm in the size fraction, and 307.8t is prepared for charging into the bottom of the furnace.
4) The large-particle-size bottom coke is loaded at two distribution angles: firstly, a material distribution inclination angle (the material distribution inclination angle is 19 degrees) of which the falling point is 2 meters away from the edge of a furnace hearth; ② the material distribution angle (the material distribution angle is 10 degrees) with the falling point at the center of the furnace hearth. The dosage proportion of the two cloth angles is 60%: 40 percent. The material distribution inclination angle of the falling point 2m away from the edge of the furnace hearth is used for preventing the falling point from being close to the tuyere and impacting the tuyere to cause the damage of the tuyere in the falling process. The cloth inclination angle is calculated according to the material flow track. 307.8 tons of large particle size coke were charged in 10 batches. Two cans per batch. The loading mode of each batch is as follows: the cloth angle is 19 degrees at 18.47 t; a second tank: the cloth angle was 10 deg. 12.31 t. The cycle is 10 times.
5) After the coke with large granularity at the bottom of the furnace is filled, the sleeper or the miscellaneous tree is filled to the lower edge of the tuyere. Total fill volume 534.9m3Then erecting a circle of sleepers or miscellaneous trees along the tuyere to protect the tuyere. The center does not need to be packed with sachets.
6) After the sleepers or miscellaneous trees are loaded, loading according to the requirements of raw fuel loading. And after the charging is finished, igniting and opening the blast furnace as required.
Example 2
Effective volume 3200m of certain blast furnace3The diameter of the hearth is 12.4m, the thickness of a dead iron layer is 2.5m, the height of the hearth is 5.0m, the distance from the center line of the taphole to the center line of the tuyere is 4.2m, the distance from the center line of the tuyere to the lower edge of the tuyere is 0.3m, and the filling modes of the furnace bottom, the hearth sleepers and/or the miscellaneous trees after the blast furnace is overhauled are as follows:
1) the blast furnace is provided with a taphole gas leading-out pipe, the guide pipe with the outer diameter of 108mm (108X 14, 14 is a guide pipe with the pipe wall thickness unit of mm and the inner diameter of 80mm) penetrates through the taphole mud bag by 200mm into the furnace and extends out of the furnace by 600mm, after the blast furnace is ignited and supplies air, the air enters from the tuyere, a large amount of air flows upwards from the tuyere (the air is combusted with coke in front of the tuyere) and flows out from the furnace top through furnace burden, part of the air enters from the tuyere and flows downwards to be combusted with sleeper to generate gas, and the gas is discharged through the taphole.
2) And calculating the sleeper loading amount and the furnace bottom large coke transfer amount according to the loading requirement. The coke is filled from the position below the central line of the taphole to the bottom of the furnace, and the thickness of the coke at the bottom of the furnace is about 2500mm (the thickness of the dead iron layer of the blast furnace is 2)500 mm); and the coke in the center of the hearth forms a coke cone, the diameter of the coke cone is 1/2 of the diameter of the hearth, the bottom surface of the coke cone is flush with the center line of the taphole, the cone tip of the coke cone protrudes upwards and is naturally formed according to the coke loading stack angle, and the natural stack angle is 30 degrees. Meanwhile, crossties and/or miscellaneous trees are used for filling the space between the center line of the iron notch and the center line of the tuyere. The bulk specific gravity of the coke is 0.54t/m3And the bottom compressibility is 18%, the bottom large-particle coke filling amount is as follows:
[π*12.42*2.5/4+π*6.22*6.2*tg36°/12]*0.54/(1-18％)＝244.1t.
the sleeper or fill volume is:
[π*12.42*3.9/4-π*6.22*6.2*tg36°/12]＝425.63m3.
3) one coke tank with a screen diameter of 50mm was used below the tank. So as to screen and remove the coke with the equivalent diameter of more than or equal to 50mm in the size fraction, and 327t is prepared for charging into the bottom of the furnace.
4) The large-particle-size bottom coke is loaded at two distribution angles: firstly, the falling point is 2 meters away from the edge of the hearth, and the material distribution inclination angle is 19.5 degrees; ② the material distribution angle (the material distribution angle is 9 degrees) with the falling point at the center of the furnace hearth. The dosage proportion of the two cloth angles is 70%: 30 percent. The material distribution inclination angle of the falling point 2m away from the edge of the furnace hearth is used for preventing the falling point from being close to the tuyere and impacting the tuyere to cause the damage of the tuyere in the falling process. The cloth inclination angle is calculated according to the material flow track. 244.1 tons of large particle size coke were charged in 10 batches. Two cans per batch. The loading mode of each batch is as follows: the cloth angle is 19.5 degrees at 14.65 t; a second tank: the cloth angle was 9.76 t. The cycle is 10 times.
5) After the coke with large granularity at the bottom of the furnace is filled, the sleeper or the miscellaneous tree is filled to the lower edge of the tuyere. Total fill volume 425.63m3Then erecting a circle of sleepers or miscellaneous trees along the tuyere to protect the tuyere. The center does not need to be packed with sachets.
6) After the sleepers or miscellaneous trees are loaded, loading according to the requirements of raw fuel loading. And after the charging is finished, igniting and opening the blast furnace as required.
The foregoing "+" is the multiplication.
Claims (6)
1. The filling method below the central line of the blast furnace opening tuyere is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the filling method specifically comprises the following steps: coke is filled from the position below the center line of the taphole to the bottom of the furnace; and sleepers and/or miscellaneous trees are filled between the center line of the taphole and the center line of the tuyere.
2. The method for filling the space below the center line of the tuyere for the blast furnace according to the invention of claim 1, wherein: the coke is large-particle-size coke, and the particle-size equivalent diameter of the coke is 50-80 mm.
3. The invention relates to a filling method below a blast furnace opening tuyere center line, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the coke adopts two cloth angles, the first cloth angle is that the drop point is 2 ~ 3 meters apart from the rim of the hearth, the second cloth angle is that the drop point is at the center of the hearth.
4. The method for filling the lower part of the central line of the blast furnace opening tuyere according to the invention as described in claim 3 is characterized in that: the ratio of the first cloth angle to the second cloth angle is 60-70% to 30-40%.
5. The method for filling the lower part of the central line of the blast furnace opening tuyere according to the invention as described in claim 3 is characterized in that: the coke at the center of the hearth forms a coke cone, the diameter of the coke cone is 1/3-1/2 of the diameter of the hearth, the bottom surface of the coke cone is flush with the center line of the taphole, the cone tip of the coke cone protrudes upwards and is naturally formed according to the coke loading stack angle, and the natural stack angle is 30-36 degrees.
6. The invention relates to a filling method below a blast furnace opening tuyere center line, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and a sleeper, or a miscellaneous tree below the upper sleeper, or a sleeper below the upper miscellaneous tree is filled between the central line of the iron notch and the central line of the air opening.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000160214A (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 2000-06-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for charging material to be charged into center part of blast furnace |
| CN103031394A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-04-10 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Batching method for lower part of blast furnace |
| CN104232821A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2014-12-24 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Blow-in batching method for over 3000m<3> large blast furnace |
| CN113278748A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-08-20 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Blast furnace blowing-in charging ignition method capable of avoiding occurrence of hanging material |
-
2022
- 2022-03-17 CN CN202210265328.0A patent/CN114657292B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000160214A (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 2000-06-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for charging material to be charged into center part of blast furnace |
| CN103031394A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-04-10 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Batching method for lower part of blast furnace |
| CN104232821A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2014-12-24 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Blow-in batching method for over 3000m<3> large blast furnace |
| CN113278748A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-08-20 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Blast furnace blowing-in charging ignition method capable of avoiding occurrence of hanging material |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王志君等: "新建高炉开炉操作中值得重视的问题", 《炼铁》 * |
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