CN114657022A - Deodorization method for improving quality of microalgae oil rich in DHA - Google Patents
Deodorization method for improving quality of microalgae oil rich in DHA Download PDFInfo
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- CN114657022A CN114657022A CN202210290340.7A CN202210290340A CN114657022A CN 114657022 A CN114657022 A CN 114657022A CN 202210290340 A CN202210290340 A CN 202210290340A CN 114657022 A CN114657022 A CN 114657022A
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- Prior art keywords
- deodorization
- dha
- oil
- steam
- rich
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- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000222481 Schizophyllum commune Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000006037 cell lysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- BHAAPTBBJKJZER-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-anisidine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 BHAAPTBBJKJZER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N docosahexaenoic acid Natural products CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCC(O)=O MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 235000020669 docosahexaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000020777 polyunsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6E,10E,14E,18E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetramethylsqualene Natural products CC(=C)C(C)CCC(=C)C(C)CCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC(C)C(=C)CCC(C)C(C)=C BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecahydrosqualene Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940031439 squalene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalene Natural products CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(/C)CCC=C(/C)CC=C(C)C)C)C)C TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940090949 docosahexaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003473 lipid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000020978 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/12—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation
- C11B3/14—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation with the use of indifferent gases or vapours, e.g. steam
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of grease extraction, and discloses a deodorization method for improving the quality of microalgae oil rich in DHA. The deodorization method comprises the following steps: firstly, fermenting DHA by schizophyllum commune, then obtaining oil rich in DHA by cell lysis and centrifugation, and carrying out pre-refining to obtain decolored oil. Deodorizing the deodorized oil, wherein the ionic water used for deodorization is heated to boiling, and the gas and steam separated from the water are discharged and then pumped into a steam generator. The pre-deoxygenated water is further heated to form steam. And then deodorized. The method effectively reduces the peroxide value and the p-anisidine value of the grease by reducing the negative influence of oxygen, and finally obtains a high-quality product meeting the market demand.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microalgae oil processing, and mainly relates to a deodorization method for improving the quality of microalgae oil rich in DHA.
Background
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) is an important long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and plays an important role in human health. Traditionally, marine fish is the main source of DHA, but due to the increasing scarcity of marine resources, DHA-rich microalgal oil has received much attention.
One of the major problems with the use of DHA-rich oils on the market is their strongly unpleasant taste. DHA-rich microalgal oils contain approximately 70% polyunsaturated fatty acids, and oils with high proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids are readily oxidized during processing and storage to form hydroperoxides (primary oxidation products) and odorous components such as aldehydes and ketones (secondary oxidation products).
Refining processes are generally used to improve the quality of the oil, while deodorization is generally the last and critical process for the decomposition of oxides and the removal of off-flavour components, while oxygen is a significant cause of oil rancidity, since it is the starting material for oxidation, capable of generating hydrogen peroxide. Thus, the quality and stability of DHA-rich oils may be adversely affected if the oil is contacted with oxygen during deodorization. In the existing deodorization process, rancidity can be caused in the deodorization of used steam, and the quality of oil is influenced. This study developed an effective deodorization method, by reducing the negative effects of oxygen, an effective and simple method for removing the off-flavor and improving the quality of DHA-rich microalgae oils. The method provided in this study provides a simple method for the deodorization of oils and an alternative method for the deodorization of DHA-rich microalgae oils, thereby producing high quality end products meeting market requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for efficiently deodorizing microalgae oil, which is used for solving the technical problems mentioned in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a deodorization method of microalgae oil rich in DHA comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-refining process of DHA-rich microalgae oil
DHA is fermented by Schizophyllum commune, and then DHA-rich oil is obtained by cell lysis and centrifugation. The crude oil is pre-refined by washing, caustic soda refining and bleaching, and the obtained decolored oil is used for the next deodorization procedure.
(2) Oil deodorization process
And (3) deodorizing the microalgae oil rich in DHA. The apparatus includes a steam generator, a cooling tank, and a vacuum pump. The vacuum is provided by a vacuum pump connected to the deodorizer.
About 60kg of DHA-rich oil obtained after decolouration is fed into a deodoriser. The vacuum was maintained at 100 kPa.
② the test chamber is heated to 180 ℃ using heat conducting oil and kept at this temperature for 4 hours.
③ the total consumption of the stripping steam in the whole deodorization process is adjusted to about 9L.
Fourthly, after deodorization, the oil quilt is pure N2Pushed into a cooling tank and heated at N2Cooling by cold water circulation under protection.
Firstly, heating the deionized water to boil, discharging gas and steam separated from the water, and pumping pre-deoxygenated water into a steam generator.
Sixthly, the pre-deoxygenated water is further heated to form steam for deodorization.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. due to the high temperature of the decolorization process, many secondary products of hydrogen peroxide are produced in the oil. The primary oxidation product hydrogen peroxide is stable at room temperature. However, the organic acid is easily decomposed into aldehydes, ketones, acids and the like in a deodorization process at a high temperature of 180 ℃, is a secondary oxidation product, and has strong bad smell. Reducing the oxygen level can greatly reduce the formation of secondary lipid oxidation products.
2. The unsaponifiable lipid squalene can be removed by a deodorizing process. However, in this study we did not observe significant squalene removal. The deodorizing process using deoxygenated steam does not affect the DHA content of the oil, thereby preserving the nutritional value of the microalgal oil and making it edible.
3. According to the TBARS test, the deodorized and deodorized oils using strategy I showed higher values after 7 days than the deodorized oils using strategy II.
4. This work provided a simple strategy to increase the efficiency of DHA-rich oil deodorization processes, emphasizing the importance of pre-deoxygenation of the water used to generate the deodorized steam. By using the strategy, the high-quality DHA-rich microalgae oil can be obtained, the peroxide value is zero, the anisidine value is very low, and the high-quality requirement of the market can be met. After the deodorization process, the losses of oil and DHA were about 6% and 3%, respectively. 30% each, which does not significantly reduce the nutritional value of the DHA-rich microalgal oil. In addition, other methods of oxygen removal, such as nitrogen displacement or membrane treatment, have been proposed by the authors to remove oxygen from the steam.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the first specific implementation way is as follows:
the deodorization treatment is carried out on the microalgae oil rich in DHA, and the equipment comprises a steam generator, a cooling tank and a vacuum pump. The vacuum is provided by a roots vacuum pump connected to the deodorizer. About 60kg of decolored oil after decoloration is sent into a deodorizer. The vacuum was maintained at 100 kpa. The test chamber was heated to 180 ℃ using a heat transfer oil and held at this temperature for 4 hours. The total steam consumption of the steam stripping in the whole deodorization process is adjusted to be about 9L,
the second embodiment is as follows:
after deodorization, the oil was pushed into a cooling tank with pure nitrogen and cooled by cold water circulation under nitrogen protection: deionized water at room temperature is injected into a steam generator and the water is heated to form steam for deodorization.
The third concrete implementation mode:
the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that deionized water is first heated to boiling, the gas and steam separated from the water are removed, and the pre-deoxygenated water is pumped into a steam generator. The pre-deoxygenated water is further heated to form steam for deodorization. The other steps are the same as those in the second embodiment. The fourth concrete implementation mode:
each deodorization method was repeated three times.
Claims (3)
1. The method for improving the quality of the DHA-rich microalgae oil is developed, is used for solving the problems that the DHA-rich microalgae oil is in contact with oxygen to oxidize and rancidity and reduce the quality of grease in the deodorization process, and produces products meeting the market demand, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: fermenting DHA by Schizophyllum commune, and performing cell lysis and centrifugation to obtain DHA-rich oil; pre-refining crude oil through washing, caustic soda refining and bleaching, and using the obtained decolored oil for the next deodorization procedure;
step two: deodorizing the microalgae oil rich in DHA, adding about 60kg of decolored oil into a deodorizer, keeping the vacuum at 100kPa, heating a test box to 180 ℃ by using heat conduction oil, keeping the temperature for 4h, and adjusting the total consumption of stripping steam to about 9L in the whole deodorization process;
step three: after deodorization, the oil was pushed into a cooling tank with pure nitrogen, cooled by cold water circulation under nitrogen protection, and two different deodorization processes were tested;
strategy one: injecting deionized water at room temperature into a steam generator, and heating the water to form steam for deodorization;
and (2) strategy two: firstly, heating deionized water to boil, discharging gas and steam separated from water, pumping pre-deoxygenated water into a steam generator, and further heating the pre-deoxygenated water to form steam for deodorization;
each deodorization method was repeated three times.
2. The deodorization method for improving the quality of DHA-rich microalgae oil according to claim 1, wherein the temperature in step two is maintained at 100kPa and 180 ℃ for 4 h.
3. The deodorization method for improving the quality of DHA-rich microalgae oil according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, both deodorization processes are deionized water, and in the first strategy, deionized water is directly injected into the steam generator, but in the second strategy, deionized water is subjected to pre-deoxidation treatment and then enters the steam generator to be heated to form steam.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210290340.7A CN114657022A (en) | 2022-03-23 | 2022-03-23 | Deodorization method for improving quality of microalgae oil rich in DHA |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210290340.7A CN114657022A (en) | 2022-03-23 | 2022-03-23 | Deodorization method for improving quality of microalgae oil rich in DHA |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114657022A true CN114657022A (en) | 2022-06-24 |
Family
ID=82030972
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210290340.7A Pending CN114657022A (en) | 2022-03-23 | 2022-03-23 | Deodorization method for improving quality of microalgae oil rich in DHA |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114657022A (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104263510A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-01-07 | 重庆大学 | Deodorization process for preparation of low-acidity vegetable insulating oil |
| CN108753458A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-11-06 | 梁云 | Improve the refinery practice of microbial grease stability and safety |
-
2022
- 2022-03-23 CN CN202210290340.7A patent/CN114657022A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104263510A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-01-07 | 重庆大学 | Deodorization process for preparation of low-acidity vegetable insulating oil |
| CN108753458A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-11-06 | 梁云 | Improve the refinery practice of microbial grease stability and safety |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20220624 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |