CN114656182A - Artificial pebble ceramsite - Google Patents
Artificial pebble ceramsite Download PDFInfo
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- CN114656182A CN114656182A CN202210259500.1A CN202210259500A CN114656182A CN 114656182 A CN114656182 A CN 114656182A CN 202210259500 A CN202210259500 A CN 202210259500A CN 114656182 A CN114656182 A CN 114656182A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/04—Heat treatment
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28016—Particle form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/026—Comminuting, e.g. by grinding or breaking; Defibrillating fibres other than asbestos
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction waste recycling and novel green building materials, and discloses artificial pebble ceramsite. The brick is prepared by firing crushed particles of waste red clay bricks of construction waste in an oxidizing atmosphere. During sintering, the screened particles with smooth surfaces are stacked, loaded into a furnace and roasted in a single layer on a sintering bearing plate or a sagger which is scattered with sand cushion to form the high-strength artificial pebble ceramsite with vitrified glaze surfaces. The invention can greatly consume and utilize construction waste resources, saves energy, protects environment, utilizes waste, saves natural sand and stone resources, and meets the requirements of double-carbon targets and construction sustainable development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of novel green building materials, in particular to artificial pebbles, colored stones, gravels and colored sands which are fired by utilizing crushed particles of waste red clay bricks of building wastes.
Background
At present, pebble footpaths are used as a health facility to be paved in urban parks and squares, pebbles, colored stones, gravels and colored sand are also adopted in some gardening, waterscape and aquarium facilities, and the pebble footpath has certain functions of water retention, soil retention and water purification, and has unique color and mellow appearance with aesthetic feeling. However, after years of development and application, the resources of natural pebbles, gravels and natural sand are seriously deficient, and because the pebbles which are widely used at present are all used after being ground, polished or partially soaked with a brightening agent, a waterproof material and dyed, the pebbles are unsustainable and do not accord with the law of circular economy. The regeneration of artificial pebbles, colored stones, gravels and colored sands by utilizing construction waste resources is the current development direction.
Under the condition that the existing building garbage is huge and needs to be consumed, the significance of researching the regeneration and the recycling of the waste red clay bricks in the building garbage is profound. Especially, the plain area of Hendong lacks natural mineral products and stone resources, and the production cost of building materials is high. The large amount of demolition building garbage is accumulated, which affects the environment and consumes expensive land cost, and the simple backfilling or the application of the road base material causes resource waste. Therefore, the industrial large-scale consumption and utilization of construction waste resources, the saving of natural sand and stone resources has great health significance, and the full life cycle is considered to be in line with the aims of double-carbon targets and the establishment of a sustainable development society. Patent CN201911187838.5 reports "light artificial pebble and its preparation method", the pebble includes a pebble core and a pebble shell coated thereon, the pebble core is mainly prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of steel slag sand, 30-40 parts of steel slag tail mud, 10-15 parts of cement, 25-35 parts of mineral powder, 5-10 parts of fly ash, 1-3 parts of an activator and 0.1-0.2 part of a foaming agent. The pebble core and the pebble shell are prepared in two steps. At present, no reports related to firing artificial pebbles, colored stones, gravels, colored sands and the like by utilizing crushed particles of waste red clay bricks are found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to manufacture green environment-friendly building material products such as brick-based artificial pebbles, colored stones, gravels, colored sands and the like by utilizing waste red clay bricks in construction wastes.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme is as follows: the brick-based artificial pebbles, colored stones, gravels and colored sand are prepared by the following steps:
(1) the waste red clay bricks are batched according to the material and the place where the construction waste is generated, the firing test is carried out on the crushed particles, and the optimal firing temperature range is determined.
(2) The method comprises the steps of crushing, rounding and screening waste red clay bricks to obtain particles, roasting, raising the temperature of a kiln to 1300 ℃ from room temperature, preserving heat for 5-60min, then cooling to 500 ℃ from the highest sintering temperature system, turning off a power supply below 500 ℃, cooling along with the kiln, discharging, and screening to obtain finished products of artificial pebbles, colored stones, gravels and colored sands. During sintering, the screened particles with smooth surfaces are stacked in a single layer on a sintering bearing plate or in a saggar scattered with sand cushion, put into a furnace and roasted to form high-strength artificial pebbles with vitrified glaze surfaces.
Preferably, the waste red clay brick is waste red clay which is composed of 29 +/-2% of mineral phase, 10 +/-2% of gesso, 2 +/-0.5% of hematite, 2 +/-0.5% of amphibole, 1 +/-0.5% of mica and 56 +/-3% of amorphous phase substances (glass phase, damaged original phase and unformed new phase).
Preferably, the highest firing temperature is 1220-.
By controlling the sintering temperature, artificial pebbles, colored stones, gravels and colored sands with natural different color levels are obtained.
The obtained product is used in different scenes according to the particle size, for example, large particles with particle sizes of 2-3 and 3-5cm can be used for paving pebble pavements, flower beds and stream water channels in urban parks or pedestrian footpaths, and has special decoration and health care functions; the particles with the particle diameters of 1-2cm, 2-4, 3-5, 4-6 and 6-9mm, which are in accordance with the gravel, gravel and color sand for exposed aggregate concrete, can be respectively used for paving corresponding concrete pavements and permeable concrete pavements to form coarse and fine aggregates, and can also be used for paving soil moisture and soil conservation on the surfaces of horticultural pot plants, the decoration and water purification functions of aquariums and water purification filter materials.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. the waste red clay bricks in the urban solid waste building garbage are used as main raw materials, and natural tan, coffee-colored artificial pebbles, colored stones, gravels and colored sands are prepared by rounding, sieving, sintering and surface vitrification after crushing. 2. The large-particle artificial pebbles sintered by a specific sintering system have a glaze layer on the outer surface, are round, waterproof and easy to clean, have a microporous structure in the interior, are light in weight and are convenient to transport and apply. 3. The particles are adhered to the bottom of the pebbles, so that the binding force between the pebbles and the binding mortar can be increased during paving, and the artificial pebbles are not easy to fall off. 4. Because the waste clay brick particles are clinker which is roasted at low temperature, the temperature can be quickly raised to shorten the sintering period, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, the waste is utilized, and the natural sand and stone resources are saved. 5. Can absorb and utilize the urban construction waste resources in a large proportion and meet the double-carbon target and the sustainable development construction requirement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a linear relationship of firing temperature versus time in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an XRD spectrum of the waste red clay brick used in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a microscopic structure diagram of the smooth surface and cross section of the product obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a micrograph showing a smooth surface and a cross section of a product obtained in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a micrograph showing a smooth surface and a cross section of a product obtained in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the invention, the following examples are given:
example 1
The waste red clay with the mineral phase weight percentage of 29 plus or minus 2 percent of quartz, 10 plus or minus 2 percent of gehlenite, 2 plus or minus 0.5 percent of hematite, 2 plus or minus 0.5 percent of amphibole, 1 plus or minus 0.5 percent of mica and 56 plus or minus 3 percent of amorphous phase substances (glass phase, damaged original phase and unformed new phase) is selected.
The particles obtained by crushing, rounding and screening the waste red clay are roasted, the temperature of a kiln is increased to 1220 ℃ from room temperature, the temperature rising speed is 5-10 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 30min at the highest sintering temperature, then, the temperature is reduced to 500 ℃ from the highest sintering temperature, the temperature reducing speed is 10 ℃/min, a power supply is turned off below 500 ℃, the temperature is reduced to about 100 ℃ along with a furnace, and the particles are taken out of the kiln and screened to obtain finished products of artificial pebbles, colored stones, gravels and colored sands. During sintering, the screened particles with smooth surfaces (the particle diameters of 2-3 cm and 3-5 cm) are stacked in a single layer on a sintering bearing plate or a sagger which is scattered with sand padding, put into a furnace and roasted to form the high-strength artificial pebbles with vitrified surfaces and glaze.
The large-particle pebbles are used for paving pebble pavements, flower beds and stream water channels in urban parks or pedestrian footpaths, and have special decoration and health care functions; the particles with the grain diameters of 1-2cm, 2-4 mm, 3-5 mm, 4-6 mm and 6-9mm are used as broken stones, gravels and colored sand for exposed aggregate concrete and permeable concrete.
The temperature regime is shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
| Temperature, |
30 | 700 | 1220 | 1220 | 500 |
| Time, |
100 | 90 | 30 | 120 | stop |
The volume weight of the prepared artificial pebble ceramsite is 1.88g/cm3The water absorption rate is 0.2 percent, and the particle compressive strength is 3 times of the particle compressive strength of the waste red clay brick particles, the clay ceramsite and the shale ceramsite with approximate particle size.
Example 2
The waste red clay with the mineral phase weight percentage of 29 plus or minus 2 percent of quartz, 10 plus or minus 2 percent of gehlenite, 2 plus or minus 0.5 percent of hematite, 2 plus or minus 0.5 percent of amphibole, 1 plus or minus 0.5 percent of mica and 56 plus or minus 3 percent of amorphous phase substances (glass phase, damaged original phase and unformed new phase) is selected.
The particles obtained by crushing, rounding and screening the waste red clay are roasted, the temperature of a kiln is increased to 1230 ℃ from room temperature, the temperature rising speed is 7-10 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 10min at the highest sintering temperature, then, the temperature is reduced to 500 ℃ from the highest sintering temperature, the temperature reducing speed is 5 ℃/min, a power supply is turned off below 500 ℃, the temperature is reduced to about 100 ℃ along with a furnace, and the particles are taken out of the kiln and screened to obtain finished products of artificial pebbles, colored stones, gravels and colored sands. During sintering, the screened particles with smooth surfaces (the particle diameters of 2-3 and 3-5 cm) are stacked in a single layer on a sintering bearing plate or in a sagger which is scattered with sand cushion, put into a furnace and roasted to form high-strength artificial pebbles with vitrified surfaces into glaze.
The temperature regime is shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2
| Temperature, |
30 | 700 | 1230 | 1230 | 500 |
| Time, |
100 | 90 | 10 | 120 | stop |
The volume weight of the prepared artificial pebble ceramsite is 1.92g/cm3The water absorption rate is 0.15 percent, and the particle compressive strength is 3 times of that of the waste red clay brick particles, clay ceramsite and shale ceramsite with the similar particle size.
Example 3
The waste red clay with the mineral phase weight percentage of 29 plus or minus 2 percent of quartz, 10 plus or minus 2 percent of gehlenite, 2 plus or minus 0.5 percent of hematite, 2 plus or minus 0.5 percent of amphibole, 1 plus or minus 0.5 percent of mica and 56 plus or minus 3 percent of amorphous phase substances (glass phase, damaged original phase and unformed new phase) is selected.
The waste red clay is crushed, rounded and screened to obtain particles, the temperature of a kiln is increased to 1250 ℃ from room temperature, the temperature rising speed is 5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 5min at the highest firing temperature, then, the temperature is reduced to 500 ℃ from the highest firing temperature system, the temperature reducing speed is 8 ℃/min, a power supply is turned off below 500 ℃, the temperature is reduced to about 100 ℃ along with the kiln, and the artificial pebbles, colored stones, gravels and colored sands are obtained through screening. During sintering, the screened particles with smooth surfaces (the particle diameters of 2-3 cm and 3-5 cm) are stacked in a single layer on a sintering bearing plate or a sagger which is scattered with sand padding, put into a furnace and roasted to form the high-strength artificial pebbles with vitrified surfaces and glaze.
The temperature regime is shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3
| Temperature, |
30 | 700 | 1250 | 1250 | 500 |
| Time, |
100 | 90 | 5 | 120 | stop |
The volume weight of the prepared artificial pebble ceramsite is 1.93g/cm3The water absorption rate is 0.14 percent, and the particle compressive strength is 3 times of that of the waste red clay brick particles, clay ceramsite and shale ceramsite with the similar particle size.
In addition to the above examples, the invention is also suitable for firing the waste red clay brick-based pebble ceramic granules which are composed of construction waste sources in different regions in batches and composed of different mineral phases according to the sources of the waste red clay bricks, and artificial pebbles, colored stones, gravels and colored sands with natural different color levels can be obtained by controlling the firing temperature.
Claims (2)
1. The artificial pebble ceramsite is characterized by being prepared by the following method:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) batching waste red clay bricks according to materials and places where construction waste is generated, carrying out firing tests on crushed particles, and determining the optimal firing temperature range of the crushed particles;
(2) roasting the particles obtained by crushing, rounding and screening the waste red clay bricks, heating the temperature of a kiln from room temperature to 1200-1300 ℃, preserving the heat for 5-60min, then cooling to 500 ℃ from the highest sintering temperature system, turning off a power supply below 500 ℃, cooling along with the kiln, discharging, and screening to obtain finished products of artificial pebbles, colored stones, gravels and colored sands; during sintering, stacking the screened particles with smooth surfaces on a sintering bearing plate or in a sagger scattered with sand pads in a single layer, putting the particles into a furnace, and roasting to obtain artificial pebble ceramsite;
the mineral phase of the waste red clay brick comprises 29 plus or minus 2 percent of quartz, 10 plus or minus 2 percent of gehlenite, 2 plus or minus 0.5 percent of hematite, 2 plus or minus 0.5 percent of amphibole, 1 plus or minus 0.5 percent of mica and 56 plus or minus 3 percent of amorphous phase substances.
2. The artificial ovolite haydite as set forth in claim 1, wherein the maximum firing temperature is 1220-1250 ℃, the kiln temperature is increased from room temperature to the maximum firing temperature, the temperature rise rate is 2-10 ℃/min, the heat is preserved for 5-30min at the maximum firing temperature, then the temperature is lowered through a schedule, the temperature decrease rate is 5-10 ℃/min when the temperature is lowered from the maximum firing temperature to 500 ℃, the power supply is turned off below 500 ℃, and the temperature is naturally lowered along with the kiln.
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| CN202210259500.1A CN114656182B (en) | 2022-03-16 | 2022-03-16 | Artificial pebble ceramsite |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63144160A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1988-06-16 | 立見 盛太郎 | Manufacture of colored artificial stone |
| CN1900010A (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2007-01-24 | 黄朝龙 | Method for producing building haydite from garbage |
| CN102781870A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2012-11-14 | 李世麟 | Manufacturing method of lightweight construction materials using sludge waste |
| CN206613840U (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-11-07 | 首钢环境产业有限公司 | A kind of preparation system of artificial class cobble |
-
2022
- 2022-03-16 CN CN202210259500.1A patent/CN114656182B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63144160A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1988-06-16 | 立見 盛太郎 | Manufacture of colored artificial stone |
| CN1900010A (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2007-01-24 | 黄朝龙 | Method for producing building haydite from garbage |
| CN102781870A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2012-11-14 | 李世麟 | Manufacturing method of lightweight construction materials using sludge waste |
| CN206613840U (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-11-07 | 首钢环境产业有限公司 | A kind of preparation system of artificial class cobble |
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| CN114656182B (en) | 2023-01-13 |
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