CN114655354A - Marine low-density high-strength nonmetal composite floor - Google Patents

Marine low-density high-strength nonmetal composite floor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114655354A
CN114655354A CN202210296510.2A CN202210296510A CN114655354A CN 114655354 A CN114655354 A CN 114655354A CN 202210296510 A CN202210296510 A CN 202210296510A CN 114655354 A CN114655354 A CN 114655354A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
strength
plastic framework
grid structure
composite floor
surface layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210296510.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李沛阳
秦爱中
戴宗妙
赵建波
陈卓远
张浩辉
高治华
李冠峰
耿楷真
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713th Research Institute of CSIC
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713th Research Institute of CSIC
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Publication date
Application filed by 713th Research Institute of CSIC filed Critical 713th Research Institute of CSIC
Priority to CN202210296510.2A priority Critical patent/CN114655354A/en
Publication of CN114655354A publication Critical patent/CN114655354A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14Hull parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/08Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
    • B32B3/085Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts spaced apart pieces on the surface of a layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14Hull parts
    • B63B3/48Decks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/04Inorganic
    • B32B2266/049Water-setting material, e.g. concrete, plaster or asbestos cement

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a marine low-density high-strength nonmetal composite floor, which comprises a plastic framework, wherein the plastic framework comprises an upper surface layer and a lower grid structure, foam concrete or foam aluminum is filled in the grid structure of the plastic framework, and a wear-resistant layer is coated on the surface layer of the plastic framework. The plastic framework has the characteristics of light weight and high strength; the plastic framework is designed in an up-and-down asymmetrical mode, the upper surface layer provides high-strength surface support, and the lower grid structure is used for reducing weight; foam concrete or foam aluminum is filled in the cavity of the grid structure, so that the flame retardance is improved, and meanwhile, the supporting force of the grid is improved; coating a wear-resistant layer on the surface layer filled with the foam concrete to enhance the wear resistance of the surface of the plate; the invention solves the problem of compatibility between the weight and the strength of the paving material through a multi-element heterogeneous material coupling technical approach; the method is particularly suitable for occasions where the ship body and the cabin deck thereof have high requirements on the density, the strength and the flame retardance of the paving materials.

Description

Marine low-density high-strength nonmetal composite floor
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of general non-metal composite materials, and particularly relates to a low-density and high-strength non-metal composite material plate which is mainly used for deck pavement in ship heavy-load occasions and realizes low-density and high-load general floor engineering application.
Background
Currently, in order to realize generalized storage, a warehouse inside a ship requires a floor to have functions of generalized support, fastening, and the like for a storage object, and therefore the floor is often designed as a functionalized floor without using a simple steel plate member. If the functionalized floor is simply manufactured by steel materials, the structural weight of the ship body can be greatly increased, and the total indexes and the resource consumption of the ship body are seriously wasted, so that the lightweight design of the functionalized floor becomes a problem to be solved urgently. The common lightweight floor material can hardly meet the requirements due to the severe and complicated offshore environment, the working temperature range of-55-60 ℃, the salt fog environment for a long time and the requirement on flame retardance. Typical functional floor material on present naval vessel adopts light polymer concrete substrate, though has certain bearing capacity, but density is still higher, and this kind of material fragility is big easily cracked, and local obscission even can't adapt to the hull and warp the operating mode, has the problem that the technology of mating formation is complicated, the maintenance is difficult simultaneously, and density and intensity index can't compromise, consequently need seek novel material and optimize the substitution.
Chinese patent publication No. CN202017325U discloses a metal composite floor, which is a composite board formed by pressing a metal composite board and a wood board, and solves the problem of insufficient strength of the wood board, but the wood board belongs to a flammable material and cannot be applied to ships.
Chinese patent with patent publication No. CN110273530A discloses a double-layer compressive acrylic floor, which is formed by fastening two acrylic boards through a special structure to enhance the strength of the acrylic boards, but the acrylic boards themselves do not have flame retardant ability, and the materials themselves are hard and brittle, and cannot adapt to deformation of ship and heavy-load impact conditions, so that the floor cannot be applied to ships.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the existing floor material does not have a material specially aiming at a ship deck and a cabin deck and cannot give consideration to the weight and the strength of the material, the invention provides a low-density high-strength nonmetal composite floor for a ship, which can meet the urgent practical requirements of low-density high-strength application scenes, particularly the urgent practical requirements of paving a low-density high-strength universal floor for the ship and solve the technical problem that the specific gravity and the strength of the current similar material cannot be given consideration to the same purpose.
The object of the invention is achieved in the following way:
the marine low-density high-strength nonmetal composite floor comprises a plastic framework, wherein the plastic framework comprises an upper surface layer and a lower grid structure, foam concrete or foam aluminum is filled in the grid structure of the plastic framework, and a wear-resistant layer is coated on the surface layer of the plastic framework.
The wear-resistant layer is a polyurethane layer.
The surface layer of the plastic framework and the grid structure are integrally formed.
The plastic framework is made of modified polyphenyl ether.
And coating polyurethane glue on the inner surface of the grid structure of the plastic framework.
The marine low-density high-strength nonmetal composite floor material comprises a plastic framework, wherein the plastic framework comprises an upper surface layer and a lower grid structure, foam concrete or foam aluminum is filled in the grid structure of the plastic framework, and a wear-resistant layer is coated on the surface layer of the plastic framework. The plastic framework has the characteristics of light weight and high strength; the plastic framework is designed in an up-and-down asymmetrical mode, the upper surface layer provides high-strength surface support, the lower grid structure is used for reducing weight, foam concrete or foam aluminum is filled in a cavity of the grid structure, flame retardance is improved, and meanwhile the supporting force of the grid structure is improved; coating a wear-resistant layer on the surface layer filled with the foam concrete to enhance the wear resistance of the surface of the plate; the invention solves the problem of compatibility between the weight and the strength of the paving material through a multi-element heterogeneous material coupling technical approach; the invention is especially suitable for the occasions where the ship body and the cabin deck (such as a universal storage cabin) thereof have higher requirements on the density, the strength and the flame retardance of the paving materials, and the foam concrete or the foam aluminum filled in the grid structure is not easy to crack, and the local falling phenomenon can not occur, so that the invention can well adapt to the deformation working condition of the ship body, simultaneously has good pavement manufacturability and wear resistance, well solves the engineering problems, and is also suitable for other similar application occasions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a plastic armature.
Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a plastic skeleton grid structure filled with foam concrete or foam aluminum.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-plastic framework, 11-surface layer, 12-grid structure, 2-foam concrete or foam aluminum, and 3-wear-resistant layer.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-3, the marine low-density high-strength non-metallic composite floor comprises a plastic framework 1, wherein the plastic framework has the characteristics of light weight and high strength; the plastic framework 1 comprises an upper surface layer 11 and a lower grid structure 12, the plastic framework is designed in an up-and-down asymmetric mode, the upper surface layer 11 provides high-strength surface support, and the lower grid structure 12 is used for reducing weight; foam concrete or foamed aluminum 2 is filled in the grid structure 12 of the plastic framework, so that the flame retardance is improved, meanwhile, the supporting force of the grid structure is improved, and before the foam concrete or foamed aluminum is filled, polyurethane glue is coated on the inner surface of the grid structure of the plastic framework, so that the bonding force between the grid structure of the plastic framework and the foam concrete or foamed aluminum is enhanced; the surface layer of the plastic framework 1 is coated with a wear-resistant layer 3, so that the wear resistance of the surface of the non-metal composite floor board is enhanced, and the wear-resistant layer 3 can be a polyurethane layer.
The surface layer of the plastic framework and the grid structure are integrally formed.
The engineering plastic is modified polyphenyl ether, and the density of the modified polyphenyl ether is 1.06g/cm3The flame retardance was V0 (UL 94), tensile strength 63MPa (10 KN, 20, mm/min), flexural strength 82MPa (3 KN, 20, mm/min), and impact strength 27 (2J, 2.9 m/S) for a simple beam.
The invention solves the problem of compatibility between the weight and the strength of the paving material through a multi-element heterogeneous material coupling technical approach; the invention is especially suitable for occasions where the ship body and the cabin deck (such as a universal storage cabin) thereof have higher requirements on the density, the strength and the flame retardance of the paving material, is also suitable for other similar application occasions, can well adapt to the deformation working condition of the ship body, simultaneously has good paving manufacturability and wear resistance, and well solves the problems that the existing material is large in brittleness and easy to crack, and even has a local falling phenomenon.
Preparation process of marine low-density high-strength nonmetal composite floor
The polyphenyl ether plastic framework 1 is subjected to injection molding according to the existing design drawing, and foam concrete or foam aluminum 2 is filled in the lower grid structure 12, and the concrete steps are as follows:
a) before construction, a layer of flame-retardant polyurethane glue is coated on the whole inner part of the polyphenyl ether grid structure 12 by a brush to improve the cohesiveness between the polyphenyl ether material and the foam concrete, the inner part of the polyphenyl ether grid structure 12 is a part where the grid structure is contacted with a filler, and after the coating is finished, the polyphenyl ether grid structure is kept stand and dried for 24 hours, and then subsequent construction is carried out;
b) stirring and foaming raw materials such as cement, fly ash and foaming agent according to engineering requirements in a set proportion, and uniformly mixing to prepare foam concrete 2;
c) filling the foamed foam concrete 2 into a grid structure 12 of a polyphenyl ether plastic framework, and flattening;
d) standing for 12 hours, and then carrying out moisture retention curing for not less than 24 hours to compound and form a polyphenyl ether-foam concrete block with a standard specification, as shown in figure 2;
e) the prepared polyphenyl ether-foam concrete block is polished to make the surface layer 11 rough and used for enhancing the bonding strength between the polyurethane wear-resistant layer 3 and the surface layer 11 of the plastic framework 2, the two-component polyurethane wear-resistant layer 3 is sprayed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the polyphenyl ether-foam concrete block after polishing is finished, the upper and lower full coverage effect is achieved, and the thickness of the wear-resistant layer can be adjusted according to requirements. And (3) waiting for 5-7 days after the spraying is finished, and polishing the position with uneven surface after the wear-resistant layer is completely hardened to finally prepare the low-density high-strength non-metallic composite floor material.
The density of the prepared non-metallic marine deck material is less than 1.3 g/cm3The compressive strength index is more than 15MPa, and no obvious grinding mark exists on the surface of the composite floor under the condition that the 6T load (4-wheel) rolling abrasion-resistant test is more than 5000 times.
Laying process of marine low-density high-strength nonmetal composite floor as marine deck
1) Pretreatment of deck
Sundries and iron rust on the deck are removed, and parts with serious rust are polished by an angle grinder without special polishing; can wash the deck with the water during clearance deck, also can clear up with fan or dust catcher, as long as guarantee that the deck surface is clean, the deck surface is moist, can carry out the construction operation, does not influence the effect, but the deck surface can not have free water during the construction, uses the sponge to suck futilely.
2) Laying composite floor board
In order to ensure that the surface of the ship hull or the cabin deck is firmly bonded with the composite floor board, the surface of the ship hull or the cabin deck and the bottom surface (the surface where the grid structure of the plastic framework is located) of the composite floor board are required to be subjected to decontamination treatment, so that the plane is ensured to be clean and free of impurities; mixing polyurethane glue and organic filler, uniformly coating the mixture on the surface of a ship body or cabin deck to achieve the leveling thickness, then laying the composite floor board on the surface of the ship body or cabin deck, and carrying out leveling treatment;
3) filling the gap
Because the area of the ship body or the cabin deck is large, the area of a single composite floor board is small, a plurality of composite floor boards are required to be laid in sequence, a certain gap is reserved between every two adjacent composite floor boards, and the composite floor boards are filled with a filling gap material with bonding and elastic deformation capabilities, so that the flatness and integrity of the laid floor can be guaranteed, and the phenomena of cracking and breaking of the floor caused by deformation of the ship body are reduced. In order to ensure that the filling joints are firmly bonded, after the paved composite floor boards are cured, the gaps between the composite floor boards are required to be clean and free of impurities, filling joint materials are extruded into the gaps, trowelling is used for trowelling, standing is carried out for 24 hours, and after 7 days, the filling joint materials are completely cured, and paving is finished.
The paved deck has a flat and smooth surface, the polyphenyl ether-foam concrete composite material in the deck can bear large stress without damage, and the polyurethane wear-resistant layer on the surface improves the durability and wear resistance of the whole deck. The whole material has the characteristics of flame retardance, low toxicity, low density and high strength, and the material prepared based on the technology has the density of 1.2g/cm3On the premise of the above, the compressive strength index can be up to above 15 MPa.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, and these should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A marine low-density high-strength nonmetal composite floor is characterized in that: the plastic framework comprises an upper surface layer and a lower grid structure, wherein foam concrete or foam aluminum is filled in the grid structure of the plastic framework, and the surface layer of the plastic framework is coated with a wear-resistant layer.
2. The marine low-density high-strength non-metallic composite floor according to claim 1, wherein: the wear-resistant layer is a polyurethane layer.
3. The marine low-density high-strength non-metallic composite floor according to claim 1, wherein: the surface layer of the plastic framework and the grid structure are integrally formed.
4. The marine low-density high-strength non-metallic composite floor according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the plastic framework is made of modified polyphenyl ether.
5. The marine low-density high-strength non-metallic composite floor according to claim 1, wherein: and coating polyurethane glue on the inner surface of the grid structure of the plastic framework.
CN202210296510.2A 2022-03-24 2022-03-24 Marine low-density high-strength nonmetal composite floor Pending CN114655354A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210296510.2A CN114655354A (en) 2022-03-24 2022-03-24 Marine low-density high-strength nonmetal composite floor

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210296510.2A CN114655354A (en) 2022-03-24 2022-03-24 Marine low-density high-strength nonmetal composite floor

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CN114655354A true CN114655354A (en) 2022-06-24

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116218066A (en) * 2023-01-03 2023-06-06 海洋化工研究院有限公司 Wear-resistant, anti-skid and impact-resistant material for deck, preparation method and plate
CN116218066B (en) * 2023-01-03 2024-10-29 海洋化工研究院有限公司 Wear-resistant, anti-skid and impact-resistant material for deck, preparation method and plate

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116218066A (en) * 2023-01-03 2023-06-06 海洋化工研究院有限公司 Wear-resistant, anti-skid and impact-resistant material for deck, preparation method and plate
CN116218066B (en) * 2023-01-03 2024-10-29 海洋化工研究院有限公司 Wear-resistant, anti-skid and impact-resistant material for deck, preparation method and plate

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