CN114653472A - Magnetic-floating combined mineral separation new process for ultrafine grained hematite - Google Patents
Magnetic-floating combined mineral separation new process for ultrafine grained hematite Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a new magnetic-floating combined mineral separation process for ultrafine grained hematite, which is implemented by adopting the following processes: (1) high-pressure roller milling-wet coarse grain strong magnetic pre-selection to obtain wet coarse grain strong magnetic pre-selection concentrate; (2) wet type coarse grain strong magnetic pre-concentration concentrate first-stage grinding, first-stage strong magnetic separation and first-stage sweeping and tailing discarding to obtain first-stage strong magnetic bulk concentrate; (3) performing two-stage grinding on the first-stage strong magnetic bulk concentrate, performing two-stage strong magnetic separation, performing two-stage rough sweeping and tailing discarding to obtain second-stage strong magnetic bulk concentrate; (4) and carrying out anion reverse flotation on the two-stage strong magnetic bulk concentrate to obtain the final iron concentrate. The invention sets strong magnetic separation operation before flotation, which not only improves the flotation grade, but also can remove ultrafine grain slime, and avoids the adverse effect of slime on flotation; flotation is divided into two sections to obtain iron ore concentrate, so that the recycling amount of middlings is greatly reduced; the invention can not only obtain the final iron ore concentrate with iron ore concentrate grade of more than 63.5 percent and iron recovery rate of more than 70.0 percent, but also obtain the building sand product with yield of 9 to 11 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a beneficiation method of hematite, in particular to a magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process of micro-fine particle magnetite ore, which is particularly suitable for the beneficiation of hematite with TFe grade of raw ore between 35.0 and 45.0 percent, hematite and limonite accounting for more than 95 percent of the total amount of iron minerals and extremely fine embedded particle size of the iron minerals.
Background
The ultrafine hematite is ultrafine grained hematite which is characterized in that iron minerals in iron ore have the advantages of high fineness, and the monomer dissociation degree of the iron minerals is only 80-90% under the condition that the grinding fineness is more than or equal to 85% at minus 0.030mm, and belongs to one of iron ores which are difficult to separate.
The hematite rock reserve in China is large, the grade is low, the embedded particle size is fine, and the components are complex. At present, the mineral processing technological process for processing low-grade fine hematite mainly comprises a high-gradient strong magnetic separation-negative (positive) ion reverse flotation process, a selective flocculation desliming-reverse flotation process, a magnetizing roasting-stage ore grinding-magnetic separation-reverse flotation process, a stage ore grinding-gravity separation-weak magnetic separation-high-gradient magnetic separation-negative ion reverse flotation process and the like.
Since the 21 st century, the technological level of hematite dressing in China has made great progress, among them Anshan type hematite dressing is the most successful, for example, the Qida ore dressing plant adopts the processes of stage grinding, gravity separation, magnetic separation and reverse flotation, that is, after the raw ore is ground and classified for a period of time, the primary overflow is classified by a hydrocyclone, the coarse grain product is fed into a spiral chute to be treated, the fine grain is separated by weak magnetic and strong magnetic separation, the weak magnetic and strong magnetic mixed concentrate is reverse floated, the coarse grain and the fine grain both produce the final concentrate, the gravity separation concentrate of the spiral tailings and the sweep-spiral concentrate, the sweep-magnetic concentrate after sweeping the middle magnetic is reground and returned to the hydrocyclone, and the process finally obtains the iron concentrate with iron grade of 67.50% and metal recovery rate of 75.00%.
Currently, most of mineral separation of micro-fine particles, particularly ultra-fine particle hematite ores, still stays in a laboratory research stage, including a micro-bubble flotation process, a biological separation process, a selective agglomeration separation process, a reduction roasting-magnetic separation process, a strong magnetic-centrifugal process, a combined mineral separation process and the like, wherein the combined mineral separation process is relatively successful, but the technical problems of high energy consumption, long flow, complex flow structure, low iron concentrate grade, low iron recovery rate, high mineral separation cost and the like also exist.
"a mineral processing technology research of high-mud fine-grain lean hematite in Yongzhou" published in 12 th month 6 in 2013 mining and metallurgy engineering, aiming at the conditions that iron minerals in the hematite are fine in size and large in mud content, a new technology combining selective flocculation desliming, strong magnetic tailing and cation reverse flotation is adopted to carry out the mineral processing technology research. Test results show that raw ore is deslimed by polyacrylamide flocculation, and is separated by strong magnetic separation under the magnetic field intensity of 960KA/m to obtain magnetite concentrate containing 55% of iron and having the recovery rate of 85%; and then carrying out GE-609A cation reverse flotation to obtain iron ore concentrate with the grade of 59.8% and the recovery rate of 94.2%, wherein the recovery rate of the whole-process iron reaches 75.9%. Although the recovery rate of the iron in the beneficiation process is high, the grade of the iron is less than 60%, the price of the iron concentrate is low, and the market competitiveness is poor.
In recent years, the Ether steel Yuanjiavillage iron ore represents a semi-autogenous grinding-ball milling-weak magnetism-strong magnetism-bulk concentrate regrinding reverse flotation process, and is a great progress of mineral separation of micro-fine particle iron ore in China. The process has the advantages of short flow and the disadvantages that the tail is not pre-selected and thrown before the ore is ground, and the ore grinding energy consumption is high; and the bulk concentrate directly enters reverse flotation after regrinding, and the slime easily influences the flotation index. Experimental research shows that when the process is used for treating the ultrafine-grained hematite ore, the iron concentrate grade and the iron recovery rate are both greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process for ultrafine grain hematite, aiming at the problems of high energy consumption, long flow, complex flow structure, large production amount of ultrafine grain tailings and deteriorated flotation indexes of slime in the existing ultrafine grain hematite beneficiation technology.
In order to realize the aim, the new magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process for the ultrafine grain hematite ore adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a new magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process for ultrafine grain hematite, which is used for sorting the hematite with the TFe grade of raw ore between 35.0 and 45.0 percent, hematite and limonite accounting for more than 95 percent of the total amount of iron minerals and ultrafine embedded granularity of the iron minerals, and is implemented by adopting the following processes:
1) crushing the ultrafine fine hematite ore to-30 mm, and feeding the crushed ultrafine hematite ore into a high-pressure roller mill-screening/grading operation, wherein the diameter of a sieve pore/the grading particle size is 2-3 mm; feeding the undersize product/grading overflow into wet type coarse grain strong magnetic preselection operation, wherein the wet type coarse grain strong magnetic preselection operation adopts primary roughing and primary scavenging, coarse grain strong magnetic preselection tailings are discharged, and the obtained primary roughing concentrate and the primary scavenging concentrate are combined into wet type coarse grain strong magnetic preselection concentrate; grading the coarse-grain strong-magnetic pre-selection tailings to obtain building sand products required by the market, controlling the content of the plus 0.3mm fraction in the building sand products to be more than or equal to 95% in the grading, and discharging the graded overflow as fine-grain tailings.
Research shows that through wet type coarse grain strong magnetic pre-concentration, the iron grade fed into the next stage grinding operation is improved by 6-7 percentage points, the tailing rejection yield is more than 15%, but the recovery rate of iron in wet type coarse grain strong magnetic pre-concentration concentrate is as high as more than 96.5%; the yield of the obtained building sand product accounts for 9 to 11 percent of the total feeding of the ultrafine grain hematite ore.
2) Feeding the wet-type coarse-grain strong-magnetic pre-concentration concentrate obtained in the step 1) into a first-stage grinding operation, controlling the grinding granularity to be in a range of-0.076 mm, controlling the grain size content to be 82% -88%, feeding a first-stage strong-magnetic separation and a coarse-sweeping tailing-discarding operation into a first-stage ground product, discarding the first-stage strong-magnetic scavenging tailings as qualified tailings, and combining the obtained first-stage strong-magnetic pre-concentration concentrate and the first-stage strong-magnetic scavenging concentrate into a first-stage strong-magnetic mixed concentrate.
Research shows that through one-stage strong magnetic separation and one-stage rough-scanning tailing throwing operation, qualified tailings which account for more than 17% of total ore feeding yield of the ultrafine-grained hematite ore can be further thrown.
3) Feeding the primary strong magnetic mixed concentrate obtained in the step 2) into a secondary grinding operation, wherein the grinding equipment adopts a tower mill, and the grinding granularity is controlled within the range of-0.030 mm grain size fraction content of 87% -93%; and feeding the second-stage ground ore product into a second-stage strong magnetic separation first-rough-second-sweep tailing discarding operation, discarding the second-stage strong magnetic scavenging tailings as qualified tailings, and combining the obtained second-stage strong magnetic rough separation concentrate, the second-stage strong magnetic scavenging concentrate and the second-stage strong magnetic second-sweep concentrate into a second-stage strong magnetic mixed concentrate.
Research shows that the step not only dissociates the iron mineral basic monomer to obtain the two-stage strong magnetic mixed concentrate with the iron grade of more than 60% and the iron recovery rate of more than 81% (accounting for the iron in the total feeding of the ultrafine grain hematite ore), but also can further throw out fine tailings accounting for more than 7.5% of the total feeding yield of the ultrafine grain hematite ore.
4) Feeding the two-stage strong magnetic bulk concentrate obtained in the step 3) into anion reverse flotation operation, wherein the anion reverse flotation operation adopts one roughing and three scavenging. Sodium hydroxide is used as a pH regulator; compounding water glass, carboxymethyl cellulose and polycarboxylate according to the proportion of 1 (0.11-0.14) and (0.11-0.14) to form a dispersing agent; radix Puerariae starch is iron mineral inhibitor; lime is used as an activating agent; the collector adopts RA series flotation collectors, such as RA-315, RA-515, RA-715, RA-92 and RA-935, preferably RA-935 (sometimes called RA 935).
And 4), finally obtaining iron ore concentrate with iron grade of 63.5% and iron recovery rate of about 70%.
Further, in the step 1), a coarse grain vertical ring pulsating high gradient strong magnetic separator with a magnetic gathering medium of a stainless steel round bar/a stainless steel opposite bar is adopted for wet coarse grain strong magnetic roughing, and the magnetic field intensity is in the range of 0.9-1.15T; the wet type coarse grain strong magnetic scavenging also adopts a coarse grain vertical ring pulsating high gradient strong magnetic separator, and the magnetic field intensity is between 1.3 and 1.5T. The anisotropic rod is a stainless steel round rod with annular sharp protrusions on the surface, and researches show that compared with the common stainless steel round rod serving as a magnetism gathering medium, the recovery rate of iron is improved by 2.5-4.0 percent by adopting the stainless steel anisotropic rod.
Further, in the step 2), an overflow type ball mill is adopted for primary ore grinding; the magnetic concentration medium is a woven mesh vertical ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separator, the magnetic field intensity of the first-section strong magnetic roughing is within the range of 0.9-1.15T, and the magnetic field intensity of the first-section strong magnetic scavenging is within the range of 1.3-1.5T.
Further, in the step 3), a vertical ring pulsating high gradient strong magnetic separator with a filiform magnetic gathering medium is adopted for the two-stage strong magnetic rough separation, the two-stage strong magnetic scanning and the two-stage strong magnetic scanning, the magnetic field intensity of the two-stage strong magnetic rough separation is 0.95-1.2T, the magnetic field intensity of the two-stage strong magnetic scanning is 1.35-1.5T, and the magnetic field intensity of the two-stage strong magnetic scanning is 1.35-1.5T.
Further, in the step 4), primary roughing and tertiary scavenging are adopted, wherein four-point dosing is adopted for the primary roughing according to the flow direction sequence of ore pulp, and the primary roughing is divided into four sections, namely reverse flotation 1-1, reverse flotation 1-2, reverse flotation 1-3 and reverse flotation 1-4, according to the flow direction of the ore pulp; three-point dosing is adopted for primary scavenging according to the flow direction sequence of ore pulp, and the primary scavenging is divided into three sections, namely reverse flotation scavenging 1-1, reverse flotation scavenging 1-2 and reverse flotation scavenging 1-3 according to the flow direction of the ore pulp; the secondary scavenging adopts single-point dosing, namely only one section of the reverse flotation scavenging is 2, and the tertiary scavenging also adopts single-point dosing, namely only one section of the reverse flotation scavenging is 3; and the concentrate in the second and third sweeps is intensively returned to the first roughing.
Further, the anti-flotation and coarse selection 1-1 is carried out according to a medicament system: the using amount of the pH regulator sodium hydroxide is 900-1100 g/t, the using amount of the composite dispersing agent is 900-1100 g/t, the using amount of the inhibitor kudzu root starch is 900-1100 g/t, the using amount of the activator lime is 500-700 g/t, and the using amount of the collecting agent RA-935 is 350-480 g/t; collecting agents RA-935 are only added to each section of the reverse flotation roughing 1-2, the reverse flotation roughing 1-3 and the reverse flotation roughing 1-4, and the using amounts of the collecting agents RA-935 are 70-90 g/t, 70-90 g/t and 70-90 g/t respectively; the reverse flotation 1-1 is not added with chemicals, and collecting agents RA-935 are only added to each section of the reverse flotation 1-2 and the reverse flotation 1-3, and the use amounts are 145-175 g/t and 145-175 g/t respectively; the using amount of the collector RA-935 of the reverse flotation 2 is 145-175 g/t; and the reverse flotation 3 does not add chemicals.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, in the step 1), a coarse grain vertical ring pulsating high-gradient high-intensity magnetic separator with a stainless steel anisotropic rod as a magnetism gathering medium is adopted for wet coarse grain high-intensity magnetic roughing; in the step 2), a vertical ring pulsating high-gradient high-intensity magnetic separator with a filiform magnetism gathering medium is adopted for the first-stage strong magnetic rough separation and the first-stage strong magnetic scavenging; in the step 3), a vertical ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separator with a woven mesh magnetic gathering medium is adopted for the two-stage strong magnetic rough separation, the two-stage strong magnetic one-scan and the two-stage strong magnetic one-scan.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the step 4), the water glass, the carboxymethyl cellulose and the polycarboxylate are compounded into a dispersing agent according to the ratio of 8:1: 1; the anti-flotation and coarse selection 1-1 comprises the following medicament system: the using amount of the pH regulator sodium hydroxide is 950-1050 g/t, the using amount of the composite dispersant is 950-1050 g/t, the using amount of the inhibitor kudzu root starch is 950-1050 g/t, the using amount of the activator lime is 550-650 g/t, and the using amount of the collector RA-935 is 360-450 g/t; collecting agents RA-935 are only added in each section of the reverse flotation 1-2, the reverse flotation 1-3 and the reverse flotation 1-4, and the use amounts are respectively 75-85 g/t, 75-85 g/t and 75-85 g/t; the reverse flotation and scavenging section 1-1 is not added with chemicals, and collecting agents RA-935 are only added to sections of the reverse flotation and scavenging section 1-2 and the reverse flotation and scavenging section 1-3, and the use amounts are 155-165 g/t and 155-165 g/t respectively; the using amount of the collector RA-935 of the reverse flotation 2 is 155-165 g/t; and the reverse flotation 3 is not added with chemicals.
All the above-mentioned chemical addition quantities are converted into the dry ore quantity for flotation feeding.
The specific values of the parameters such as the ore grinding granularity, the magnetic field intensity, the medicament dosage and the like can be determined through laboratory test results according to the properties of the ore.
Compared with the prior art, the magnetic-floating combined mineral separation new process for the ultrafine grain hematite ore has the following advantages:
firstly, grinding a crushed product (-30mm) of the raw hematite ore of the ultrafine grain hematite ore to-3 mm by a high-pressure roller, then carrying out wet coarse grain strong magnetic preselection, and carrying out primary roughing and primary scavenging to remove wet coarse grain strong magnetic tailings with the yield of more than 15%, and improving the iron grade of the ore entering grinding by 5-8%.
Secondly, the high-intensity magnetic separation operation after ore grinding adopts pulsating high-gradient high-intensity magnetic separation equipment with ultrahigh magnetic field intensity, and the metal recovery rate is improved through multiple separation.
Thirdly, under the condition that the granularity of the second-stage grinding reaches about-0.030 mm 90 percent, the second-stage grinding is generally directly carried out with flotation; the invention sets strong magnetic separation operation before floatation, which can improve the floatation grade, remove the ultrafine grain slime and avoid the adverse effect of slime on floatation.
Fourthly, the flotation roughing adopts sectional dosing, and the roughing obtains flotation concentrate 1; foam products obtained by each roughing are fed into a reverse flotation operation in a centralized manner, and segmented dosing is also adopted for the reverse flotation operation to obtain flotation concentrate 2; concentrate from the reverse flotation 2 and the reverse flotation 3 is intensively returned to roughing. The iron ore concentrate is obtained by flotation in two sections, which is beneficial to the stability of a flotation system and greatly reduces the circulation of middlings.
In the invention, the magnetic medium is stainless steel round bar/stainless steel opposite bar in the wet coarse-grain strong magnetic roughing in the step 1), the magnetic medium of the vertical-ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separator in the step 2) is in a woven mesh shape, and the magnetic medium of the vertical-ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separator in the step 3) is in a filament shape, so that the separation requirements of the vertical-ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separators with different treatment granularities are met, the recovery rate of iron is obviously improved, the system production capacity is improved, and the equipment matching is facilitated.
The invention can not only obtain the final iron ore concentrate with the iron ore concentrate grade of more than 63.5 percent and the iron recovery rate of more than 70.0 percent, but also obtain the building sand product with the yield of 9 to 11 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process diagram of the ore grinding-strong magnetic separation part of the novel magnetic-floating combined ore dressing process for ultrafine hematite ore according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic process flow diagram of the principle of the negative ion reverse flotation part of the novel magnetic-flotation combined beneficiation process for the ultrafine hematite ore according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the coarse-grained strong-magnetic pre-concentration tailing classification process of the new magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process of the ultrafine grained hematite ore.
Detailed Description
For describing the present invention, the new process of magnetic-floating combined beneficiation of ultrafine grained hematite ore according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The ultrafine grained hematite ore sample is taken from certain iron ore in east China, and the chemical multi-element analysis results of the raw ore are respectively shown in table 1 and the iron phase analysis results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 Multi-element analysis results of raw ore chemistry (%)
| Assay project | Content (%) | Test item | Content (%) |
| TFe | 44.12 | Na2O | 0.186 |
| SiO2 | 24.30 | MnO | 0.116 |
| Al2O3 | 3.82 | V2O5 | 0.217 |
| CaO | 2.19 | TiO2 | 0.251 |
| MgO | 0.312 | CuO | 0.030 |
| S | 0.121 | ZnO | 0.030 |
| P | 0.732 | Cr2O3 | 0.008 |
| K2O | 0.123 | NiO | <0.005 |
TABLE 2 analysis results of the crude iron phases
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the ore is high-phosphorus high-silicon iron ore, silicon is a main impurity element, and the main recoverable useful iron mineral in the ore is hematite (limonite).
The ore dressing process flow of washing, crushing, dry separation to obtain fine block tailings, grinding at a middling stage and strong magnetic separation at a stage is adopted in an ore dressing plant for the ultrafine grain hematite ore, and the following problems mainly exist:
(1) the iron grade of the lump ore concentrate is low, and the method cannot meet the requirements of downstream industries;
(2) the iron mineral embedded granularity is extremely fine, the ore is ground to 85 percent of minus 0.076mm, and the grade of the iron ore concentrate is only 56.0 to 57.0 percent; only about 85 percent of iron mineral monomers are dissociated when the iron mineral is ground to a particle size fraction of-0.030 mm and the content of 90 percent;
(3) the hardness of the ore is high, the middling enters regrinding, the regrinding amount is large, and the ore grinding cost is high.
The principle process flow chart of the grinding-strong magnetic separation part of the new magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process for the ultrafine grained hematite ore shown in the figure 1 and the principle process flow chart of the anion reverse flotation part of the new magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process for the ultrafine grained hematite ore shown in the figure 2 are combined with the figure 3, so that the new magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process for the ultrafine grained hematite ore is implemented by adopting the following processes and steps:
1) high pressure roller mill-wet type coarse grain strong magnetic preselection
Crushing the ultrafine particle hematite to-20 mm, and then carrying out high-pressure roller milling to-3 mm; feeding the high-pressure roller-milled product into wet coarse grain strong magnetic preselection operation, performing primary roughing and primary scavenging in the wet coarse grain strong magnetic preselection operation, discharging coarse grain strong magnetic preselection tailings, combining the obtained primary roughing concentrate and the obtained primary scavenging concentrate into wet coarse grain strong magnetic preselection concentrate, classifying the coarse grain strong magnetic preselection tailings, controlling the content of the plus 0.3mm grade in the building sand product to be more than or equal to 95%, obtaining the building sand product required by the market, and discharging the classified overflow as fine grain tailings. In industrial practical application, the maximum feeding particle size of the high-pressure roller mill can be increased to 30mm, the high-pressure roller mill discharges materials into cakes which need to be fed into screening/grading operation, the diameter of a sieve pore/the grading particle size is 2-3 mm, oversize products/grading settled sand return to the high-pressure roller mill, and undersize products/grading overflow is fed into wet type coarse particle strong magnetic pre-selection operation. The screening/grading operation not only controls the feeding granularity of the wet type coarse grain strong magnetic pre-selection operation, but also plays a role in breaking up filter cakes and loosening materials.
In the step, a Slon type coarse grain vertical ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separator is adopted for wet coarse grain strong magnetic roughing, and the magnetic field intensity is 1.0T; the wet type coarse grain strong magnetic scavenging also adopts a Slon type coarse grain vertical ring pulsating high gradient strong magnetic separator with the magnetic field intensity of 1.4T. The magnetic gathering medium is a round stainless steel round bar.
In the step, the coarse-grained high-intensity magnetic pre-concentration tailings with the yield of 15.09% can be discharged, the iron grade of the obtained wet-type coarse-grained high-intensity magnetic pre-concentration concentrate reaches 50.22%, and the iron recovery rate is 96.65%.
After the coarse-grain strong-magnetic pre-separation tailings are screened by a fine screen with a screen hole of 0.3mm, a building sand product with the yield accounting for 10.26 percent of the total amount of the ultra-fine-grain hematite ore feed is obtained, and the undersize part is thrown out as fine-grain tailings.
2) Wet type coarse grain strong magnetic pre-concentration concentrate first-stage grinding-first-stage strong magnetic separation-first-coarse sweeping and tailing discarding
Feeding the wet coarse-grain strong-magnetic pre-concentration concentrate obtained in the step 1) into a first-stage grinding operation, controlling the grinding granularity to be 85% of the grain size fraction content of minus 0.076mm, feeding a first-stage ground product into a first-stage strong-magnetic separation and first-stage strong-magnetic scavenging tailing industry, discarding the first-stage strong-magnetic scavenging tailing as qualified tailing, and combining the obtained first-stage strong-magnetic coarse-concentration concentrate and the first-stage strong-magnetic scavenging concentrate into a first-stage strong-magnetic bulk concentrate.
In the step, an overflow ball mill is adopted for primary ore grinding; slon (1.5T) vertical ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separator is adopted for both the first-section strong magnetic roughing and the first-section strong magnetic scavenging, the magnetic concentration medium is in a braided net shape, the magnetic field intensity of the first-section strong magnetic roughing is 1.0T, and the magnetic field intensity of the first-section strong magnetic scavenging is 1.4T.
Through the step 2), coarse tailings with the yield reaching 16.85% are further removed, and the iron grade of the obtained primary strong magnetic bulk concentrate is improved to 57.82%.
3) Two-stage grinding of one-stage strong magnetic bulk concentrate-two-stage strong magnetic separation one-coarse two-sweeping tailing discarding
Feeding the primary strong magnetic mixed concentrate obtained in the step 2) into a secondary grinding operation, wherein the grinding equipment adopts a tower mill, and the grinding granularity is controlled to be 90% of-0.030 mm size fraction; and feeding the second-stage ground ore product into a second-stage strong magnetic separation first-rough-second-sweep tailing discarding operation, discarding the second-stage strong magnetic scavenging tailings as qualified tailings, and combining the obtained second-stage strong magnetic rough separation concentrate, the second-stage strong magnetic scavenging concentrate and the second-stage strong magnetic second-sweep concentrate into a second-stage strong magnetic mixed concentrate.
In the step, a tower mill is adopted for ore grinding; slon (1.5T) vertical ring pulsating high gradient strong magnetic separator is adopted for the two-section strong magnetic rough separation, the two-section strong magnetic primary cleaning and the two-section strong magnetic secondary cleaning, the magnetic gathering medium is filiform (also called steel wool), the magnetic field intensity of the two-section strong magnetic rough separation is 1.0T, the magnetic field intensity of the two-section strong magnetic primary cleaning is 1.4T, and the magnetic field intensity of the two-section strong magnetic secondary cleaning is 1.4T.
Through the step, fine tailings with the yield of 7.52% are further removed, and the iron grade of the obtained second-stage strong magnetic bulk concentrate is improved to 60.13%.
4) Two-stage strong magnetic mixed concentrate anion reverse flotation
And feeding the two-stage strong magnetic bulk concentrate into anion reverse flotation operation, wherein the anion reverse flotation operation adopts one roughing and three scavenging. Sodium hydroxide is used as a pH regulator; compounding water glass, carboxymethyl cellulose and polycarboxylate into a dispersing agent according to a ratio of 8:1: 1; radix Puerariae starch is iron mineral inhibitor; lime is used as an activating agent; RA-935 is a collector, and RA-935 is also known as RA935 and is commercially available.
In the step 4), primary roughing and tertiary scavenging are adopted, wherein four-point dosing is adopted for the primary roughing according to the flow direction sequence of ore pulp, so that the primary roughing is divided into four sections, namely reverse-floating roughing 1-1, reverse-floating roughing 1-2, reverse-floating roughing 1-3 and reverse-floating roughing 1-4 according to the flow direction of the ore pulp; three-point dosing is adopted for primary scavenging according to the flow direction sequence of ore pulp, so that the primary scavenging is divided into three sections, namely reverse flotation scavenging 1-1, reverse flotation scavenging 1-2 and reverse flotation scavenging 1-3 according to the flow direction of the ore pulp; the second scavenging is only reverse flotation 2 section, the third scavenging is also only reverse flotation 3 section, and the second scavenging and the third scavenging concentrate are intensively returned to the first roughing.
The anti-flotation and coarse selection 1-1 comprises the following medicament system: the dosage of the pH regulator sodium hydroxide is 1000g/t, the dosage of the composite dispersant is 1000g/t, the dosage of the inhibitor kudzu root starch is 1000g/t, the dosage of the activator lime is 600g/t, and the dosage of the collector RA-935 is 400 g/t.
Collecting agents RA-935 are only added in each section of the reverse flotation 1-2, the reverse flotation 1-3 and the reverse flotation 1-4, and the use amounts are respectively 80g/t, 80g/t and 80 g/t.
The reverse flotation and scavenging section 1-1 is not added with chemicals, and collecting agents RA-935 are only added to sections of the reverse flotation and scavenging section 1-2 and the reverse flotation and scavenging section 1-3, and the using amounts are 140-180 g/t and 140-180 g/t respectively.
The using amount of the collector RA-935 of the reverse flotation 2 is 140-180 g/t.
By the above 1), 2), 3), 4), the grade of the finally obtained iron concentrate is 63.76%, and the iron recovery rate is 70.38%.
In addition, in the magnetic gathering medium of the Slon (1.5T) vertical ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separator in the step 2) and the step 3), a stainless steel round bar is adopted for a test comparison test, only the diameter (thinning) and the packing density of the stainless steel round bar are changed, and the comparison test result shows that the Slon (1.5T) vertical ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separator in the step 2) and the step 3) adopts the stainless steel round bar, so that the final iron ore concentrate grade is not changed greatly, but the iron recovery rate is reduced by 1.5-2 percentage points.
In addition, a comparison test of adding chemicals in a first section of reverse flotation rough concentration and a first section of reverse flotation scavenging is also carried out in the step 4), the total dosage of the chemicals is the same as that in the above embodiment, but the grade of the obtained iron concentrate is only 61.8%, and the iron recovery rate is only 66.9%. The results of the comparative tests fully illustrate that: in the step 4), four-point dosing is adopted for primary roughing according to the flow direction sequence of ore pulp, the primary roughing is divided into four sections of reverse flotation roughing 1-1, reverse flotation roughing 1-2, reverse flotation roughing 1-3 and reverse flotation roughing 1-4 according to the flow direction of the ore pulp, three-point dosing is adopted for primary scavenging according to the flow direction sequence of the ore pulp, the primary scavenging is divided into three sections of reverse flotation scavenging 1-1, reverse flotation scavenging 1-2 and reverse flotation scavenging 1-3 according to the flow direction of the ore pulp, and the obvious effect of double-great improvement of iron concentrate grade and iron recovery rate is achieved.
Furthermore, the stainless steel anisotropic bars are replaced in the step 1) to be used as magnetism gathering media for testing. Research results show that the magnetism gathering medium adopts stainless steel opposite-type rods, the grade of iron concentrate is basically unchanged, but the iron recovery rate in the step 1) is improved by 1.2 percent, namely the iron recovery rate is improved from 96.65 percent to 97.85 percent; and then the total recovery rate of the iron in the final iron concentrate is improved to 71.03 percent through the steps 2), 3) and 4).
Claims (9)
1. A new magnetic-floating combined mineral separation process for ultrafine grained hematite is used for separating hematite with the TFe grade of raw ore between 35.0% and 45.0%, hematite and limonite accounting for more than 95% of the total quantity of iron minerals and ultrafine embedded granularity of the iron minerals, and is characterized by adopting the following technologies:
1) crushing the ultrafine fine hematite ore to-30 mm, and feeding the crushed ultrafine hematite ore into a high-pressure roller mill-screening/grading operation, wherein the diameter of a sieve pore/the grading particle size is 2-3 mm; feeding the undersize product/grading overflow into wet type coarse grain strong magnetic pre-selection operation, wherein the wet type coarse grain strong magnetic pre-selection operation adopts primary rough selection and primary scavenging, coarse grain strong magnetic pre-selection tailings are discharged, and the obtained primary rough selection concentrate and the primary scavenging concentrate are combined into wet type coarse grain strong magnetic pre-selection concentrate; grading the coarse-grain strong-magnetic pre-selected tailings, controlling the content of the plus 0.3mm fraction in the building sand product to be more than or equal to 95 percent, obtaining the building sand product required by the market, and discharging the graded overflow as fine-grain tailings;
2) feeding the wet-type coarse-grain strong-magnetic pre-concentration concentrate obtained in the step 1) into a first-stage grinding operation, controlling the grinding granularity to be in a range of-0.076 mm, and controlling the grain size content of the first-stage grinding product to be 82% -88%, feeding the first-stage grinding product into a first-stage strong magnetic separation and a first-stage coarse sweeping and tailing discarding operation, discarding the first-stage strong-magnetic sweeping tailings as qualified tailings, and combining the obtained first-stage strong-magnetic pre-concentration concentrate and the first-stage strong-magnetic sweeping concentrate into a first-stage strong-magnetic mixed concentrate;
3) feeding the primary strong magnetic mixed concentrate obtained in the step 2) into a secondary grinding operation, wherein the grinding equipment adopts a tower mill, and the grinding granularity is controlled within the range of-0.030 mm grain size fraction content of 87% -93%; feeding the second-stage ground ore product into a second-stage strong magnetic separation first-rough-second-sweep tailing discarding operation, discarding the second-stage strong magnetic scavenging tailings as qualified tailings, and combining the obtained second-stage strong magnetic rough concentration concentrate, the second-stage strong magnetic scavenging concentrate and the second-stage strong magnetic second-sweep concentrate into a second-stage strong magnetic mixed concentrate;
4) feeding the two-stage strong magnetic bulk concentrate obtained in the step 3) into anion reverse flotation operation, wherein the anion reverse flotation operation adopts one roughing and three scavenging. Sodium hydroxide is used as a pH regulator; the water glass, the carboxymethyl cellulose and the polycarboxylate are compounded into a dispersant according to the proportion of 1 (0.11-0.14) to 0.11-0.14; radix Puerariae starch is iron mineral inhibitor; lime is used as an activating agent; the collector adopts RA series flotation collector.
2. The new magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process for the ultrafine grained hematite ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1), a coarse grain vertical ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separator with a magnetic gathering medium of a stainless steel round bar/a stainless steel opposite bar is adopted for wet coarse grain strong magnetic roughing, and the magnetic field intensity is in the range of 0.9-1.15T; the wet type coarse grain strong magnetic scavenging also adopts a coarse grain vertical ring pulsating high gradient strong magnetic separator, and the magnetic field intensity is between 1.3 and 1.5T.
3. The new magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process for the ultrafine grained hematite ore according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step 2), an overflow type ball mill is adopted for primary ore grinding; the magnetic concentration medium is a woven mesh vertical ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separator, the magnetic field intensity of the first-section strong magnetic roughing is within the range of 0.9-1.15T, and the magnetic field intensity of the first-section strong magnetic scavenging is within the range of 1.3-1.5T.
4. The new magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process for the ultrafine grained hematite ore according to claim 3, wherein: in the step 3), a vertical ring pulsating high gradient strong magnetic separator with a filiform magnetic gathering medium is adopted for the two-stage strong magnetic rough separation, the two-stage strong magnetic scanning and the two-stage strong magnetic scanning, the magnetic field intensity of the two-stage strong magnetic rough separation is within the range of 0.95-1.2T, the magnetic field intensity of the two-stage strong magnetic scanning is within the range of 1.35-1.5T, and the magnetic field intensity of the two-stage strong magnetic scanning is within the range of 1.35-1.5T.
5. The new process for magnetic-floating combined beneficiation of ultrafine grained hematite ore according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein: in the step 4), primary roughing and tertiary scavenging are adopted, wherein four-point dosing is adopted for the primary roughing according to the flow direction sequence of ore pulp, and the primary roughing is divided into four sections, namely reverse floating roughing 1-1, reverse floating roughing 1-2, reverse floating roughing 1-3 and reverse floating roughing 1-4 according to the flow direction of the ore pulp; three-point dosing is adopted for primary scavenging according to the flow direction sequence of ore pulp, and the primary scavenging is divided into three sections, namely reverse flotation scavenging 1-1, reverse flotation scavenging 1-2 and reverse flotation scavenging 1-3 according to the flow direction of the ore pulp; the secondary scavenging adopts single-point dosing, namely only one section of the reverse flotation scavenging is 2, and the tertiary scavenging also adopts single-point dosing, namely only one section of the reverse flotation scavenging is 3; and the concentrate in the second and third sweeps is intensively returned to the first roughing.
6. The new magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process for the ultrafine grained hematite ore according to claim 5, wherein: the collector is RA-935.
7. The new magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process for the ultrafine grained hematite ore according to claim 6, wherein: the anti-flotation and coarse selection 1-1 comprises the following medicament system: the using amount of the pH regulator sodium hydroxide is 900-1100 g/t, the using amount of the composite dispersing agent is 900-1100 g/t, the using amount of the inhibitor kudzu root starch is 900-1100 g/t, the using amount of the activator lime is 500-700 g/t, and the using amount of the collecting agent RA-935 is 350-480 g/t; collecting agents RA-935 are only added in each section of the reverse flotation 1-2, the reverse flotation 1-3 and the reverse flotation 1-4, and the using amounts are 70-90 g/t, 70-90 g/t and 70-90 g/t respectively; the reverse flotation 1-1 is not added with chemicals, and collecting agents RA-935 are only added to each section of the reverse flotation 1-2 and the reverse flotation 1-3, and the use amounts are 145-175 g/t and 145-175 g/t respectively; the using amount of the collector RA-935 of the reverse flotation 2 is 145-175 g/t; and the reverse flotation 3 does not add chemicals.
8. The new magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process for the ultrafine grained hematite ore according to claim 7, wherein: in the step 1), a coarse grain vertical ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separator with a stainless steel opposite-shaped rod as a magnetism gathering medium is adopted for wet coarse grain strong magnetic roughing; in the step 2), a vertical ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separator with a filiform magnetic gathering medium is adopted for both the first-stage strong magnetic roughing and the first-stage strong magnetic scavenging; in the step 3), a vertical ring pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separator with a woven mesh magnetic gathering medium is adopted for the two-stage strong magnetic rough separation, the two-stage strong magnetic one-scan and the two-stage strong magnetic one-scan.
9. The new magnetic-floating combined beneficiation process for the ultrafine grained hematite ore according to claim 8, wherein: compounding water glass, carboxymethyl cellulose and polycarboxylate into a dispersing agent according to a ratio of 8:1: 1; the anti-flotation and coarse selection 1-1 comprises the following medicament system: the using amount of the pH regulator sodium hydroxide is 950-1050 g/t, the using amount of the composite dispersant is 950-1050 g/t, the using amount of the inhibitor kudzu root starch is 950-1050 g/t, the using amount of the activator lime is 550-650 g/t, and the using amount of the collector RA-935 is 360-450 g/t; collecting agents RA-935 are only added in each section of the reverse flotation 1-2, the reverse flotation 1-3 and the reverse flotation 1-4, and the use amounts are respectively 75-85 g/t, 75-85 g/t and 75-85 g/t; the reverse flotation and scavenging section 1-1 is not added with chemicals, and collecting agents RA-935 are only added to sections of the reverse flotation and scavenging section 1-2 and the reverse flotation and scavenging section 1-3, and the use amounts are 155-165 g/t and 155-165 g/t respectively; the using amount of the collector RA-935 of the reverse flotation 2 is 155-165 g/t; and the reverse flotation 3 does not add chemicals.
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