CN111375485B - Phosphate ore washing and grading separation method - Google Patents
Phosphate ore washing and grading separation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111375485B CN111375485B CN201811644950.2A CN201811644950A CN111375485B CN 111375485 B CN111375485 B CN 111375485B CN 201811644950 A CN201811644950 A CN 201811644950A CN 111375485 B CN111375485 B CN 111375485B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ore
- stage
- flotation
- acid
- desliming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a phosphate ore washing, grading and sorting method, belonging to the technical field of mineral processing, wherein the method separates slime and useful minerals through a plurality of sections of scrubbing operation; removing the slime through a multi-stage desliming operation; the raw ore is divided into three grades of ores of high, medium and low waste rocks through multi-stage screening operation, calcite contained in the high grade ore is removed through an acid leaching method, and the medium and low grade ore is subjected to ore grinding flotation operation. The method of the invention separates phosphorus mineral and slime after monomer dissociation by combining ore washing and desliming operations, controls the particle size of flotation pulp within a narrow range, greatly reduces the ore dressing cost and improves the flotation environment. The crushed materials are divided into different size fractions through multi-section screening, one part of the high-grade size fraction and the low-grade size fraction are separately selected in advance and then are respectively treated, so that the energy consumption of ore grinding operation is greatly reduced, and the effect of dehydration operation is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing, and particularly relates to a phosphate ore washing and grading separation method.
Background
Phosphate fertilizer is an indispensable nutrient in agricultural production. Phosphate rock is used as the main raw material of phosphate fertilizer. At present, no matter can be found in the world to replace the traditional Chinese medicine. With the increase of the world population, the demand of phosphate fertilizers is continuously increased. China is a large country of phosphorite resources, but the phosphorus resources have the characteristic of being abundant but not rich, in China, the phosphorite resources are mainly concentrated in Yunyichuan Xiangbei and other places, sedimentary phosphorite is taken as the main part, medium and low grade collophanite is taken as the main part, and the medium and low grade phosphorite can be produced into qualified phosphate concentrate for phosphorus chemical industry through mineral separation and enrichment.
A large amount of low-grade collophanite resources exist around Yunnan pond and in the northern Africa region in China, the resources have the problems of more primary slime and uneven useful minerals in each grain size step by step, and if the conventional ore grinding flotation method is adopted at present, the problems of lower resource utilization rate and high energy consumption exist, particularly, concentrate and tailing concentrate are difficult to be defoamed in the production of downstream phosphoric acid, the comprehensive technical and economic indexes are poor, and stable production cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method which is reasonable in design and can greatly improve the utilization rate of phosphorus resources.
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical means. The invention relates to a phosphate ore washing and grading separation method, which is characterized in that:
separating the slime from the useful minerals through a plurality of sections of scrubbing operation; removing the slime through a multi-stage desliming operation;
the raw ore is divided into three grades of ores of high, medium and low waste rocks through multi-stage screening operation, calcite contained in the high grade ore is removed through an acid leaching method, and the medium and low grade ore is subjected to ore grinding flotation operation.
The invention relates to a phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method, which further adopts the preferable technical scheme that: the high-grade ore and the medium-low grade ore pass through P2O5Content is distinguished; the distinguishing method comprises the following steps: high grade ore is referred to as P2O5Ore with content not less than 28%; the ore of middle and low grade is P2O5Ore with a content of 16% -28% (none); the grade differentiation is preferably obtained by means of a check analysis of the particle size composition and the grade distribution of the individual particle sizes.
The invention relates to a phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method, which further adopts the preferable technical scheme that: the medium-high grade phosphate ore and the medium-low grade phosphate ore are distinguished by sieving; the distinguishing method comprises the following steps: after the first-stage scrubbing, performing first-stage screening, wherein the granularity of a first-stage screening sieve pore is controlled to be 1-10 mm; the coarse-grained materials of the two-stage desliming operation are subjected to two-stage screening, the mesh size of the two-stage screening is controlled to be 0.3-0.7 mm, and the undersize materials of the three-stage screening operation and the oversize materials of the two-stage screening operation are medium-low grade phosphate ores; the mesh size of the three-stage screening operation is controlled to be 0.1-0.315 mm, and the oversize material of the three-stage screening operation is high-grade phosphate ore.
The invention relates to a phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method, which further adopts the preferable technical scheme that: crushing the raw ore to below-40 mm through crushing operation, and then performing scrubbing operation; the primary slime and the secondary slime contained in the raw ore are removed through two-stage scrubbing operation, the granularity control range of the first-stage desliming is 50-100 mu m, and the granularity control range of the second-stage desliming is 20-45 mu m.
The invention relates to a phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method, which further adopts the preferable technical scheme that: the ore type of the collophanite is one of siliceous phosphate ore, calcareous phosphate ore or silico-calcareous phosphate ore.
The invention relates to a phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method, which further adopts the preferable technical scheme that: the phosphate ore comprises the following components: p2O516.1-28.9% grade, 1.5-7.9% MgO mass content and SiO2The mass content is 11.1% -31.9%. The method is more suitable for processing the ores with the compositions and the content of-45 mu m slime accounting for 10-25% in the crushed raw ores.
The invention relates to a phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method, which further adopts the preferable technical scheme that: the flotation operation adopts a reverse flotation method or a direct flotation method or the combination of the reverse flotation method and the direct flotation method to remove carbonate and silicate minerals, and the collecting agent selects fatty acid organic matters or organic amine organic matters; the flotation operation is preferably carried out by a positive and negative or double-negative method flow.
The invention relates to a phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method, which further adopts the preferable technical scheme that: the leaching acid is one or more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid and benzoic acid.
The invention relates to a phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method, which further adopts the preferable technical scheme that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) raw ore is subjected to crushing and screening operation and then is subjected to ore washing operation for scrubbing;
(2) feeding the scrubbed ore pulp into a first-stage screening operation, feeding materials on a screen into a tailing yard, and feeding materials under the screen into a first-stage desliming operation;
(3) coarse-fraction ore pulp of the first-stage desliming operation is fed into a second-stage scrubbing operation, and fine-fraction ore pulp of the first-stage desliming operation is fed into tailing dewatering operation;
(4) feeding the ore pulp subjected to the second-stage scrubbing operation into a second-stage desliming operation, mixing fine-grained materials of the second-stage desliming operation with fine-grained materials of the first-stage desliming operation, and feeding the mixture into a tailing dewatering operation;
(5) coarse-grained materials of the two-stage desliming operation are subjected to two-stage screening operation, materials on the screen are subjected to ore grinding operation, and materials under the screen are subjected to three-stage screening operation;
(6) feeding materials on a sieve for three-stage sieving operation into dewatering operation, feeding the dewatered products into acid leaching operation, and mixing materials under the sieve for three-stage sieving operation and ore grinding pulp of materials on the sieve for two-stage sieving operation into flotation operation;
(7) the concentrate after the acid leaching operation is subjected to dehydration operation, and the dehydrated product is the ore washing coarse-grained concentrate;
(8) and dewatering the product in the flotation tank to obtain final flotation concentrate, and feeding the foam product into tailing dewatering operation.
The invention relates to a phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method, which further adopts the preferable technical scheme that: and returning filtrate obtained in the material dewatering operation on the screen in the three-stage screening operation to the ore washing operation, returning filtrate obtained in the tailing dewatering operation and filtrate obtained in the concentrate dewatering operation in the flotation operation to each water return point in the ore washing operation and the flotation operation respectively for recycling, returning part of the filtrate obtained in the acid leaching dewatering operation to the acid leaching operation for recycling, and feeding the other part of the filtrate into the tailing dewatering operation.
The method of the invention obtains P in the phosphate ore concentrate2O5The grade is 28.0-30.2%, and the MgO mass content is 0.3-1.5%.
The method is particularly suitable for silicon-calcium collophanite, raw ores contain more primary slime, useful minerals are not uniform step by step in each size fraction, carbonate gangue minerals contain more calcite, and the calcite is not uniformly distributed in each size fraction.
According to the property of the raw ore, a novel ore dressing method is developed, firstly, through several sections of scrubbing operation, slime and useful minerals are separated, then, through multi-section desliming operation, fine slime is removed, the adverse effect of the primary fine slime on subsequent flotation is avoided, the deslimed material is subjected to multi-section screening operation, part of high-grade phosphate ore is separately selected, a small amount of calcite contained in the phosphate ore is removed through an acid leaching method, the other part of low-grade phosphate ore is subjected to ore grinding operation in a coarse fraction mode, the ground phosphate ore and the fine fraction mode are mixed and subjected to flotation operation, and the flotation selects a positive and negative or double-negative method flow according to the property of the ore.
The method combines a phosphorite washing and grading method with an acid leaching and grinding floating method:
(1) dividing the scrubbed material into a plurality of size fractions through multi-stage screening operation, and selecting a part of high-grade phosphate ores in advance;
(2) if the flotation line is adopted, the materials must be ground to be dissociated into monomers, so that the ore dressing cost is inevitably increased;
(3) most of the primary slime is removed through two-stage scrubbing and grading operation, the effect of the subsequent flotation operation is greatly improved, and in addition, because of the scrubbing, grading, desliming and grading treatment methods, the fineness of the materials needing to be dewatered is greatly improved, and the dewatering effect is greatly improved.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the phosphorus mineral and the slime after monomer dissociation are separated by combining ore washing and desliming operations, the particle size of flotation pulp is controlled within a narrow range, compared with direct flotation, the ore dressing cost is greatly reduced, the flotation environment is improved, and the adverse effect of effective argillization on flotation is avoided.
(2) The crushed materials are divided into different size fractions by a multi-section screening method, one part of the high-grade size fraction and the low-grade size fraction are separately selected in advance and then are respectively treated, so that the energy consumption of ore grinding operation is greatly reduced, and the effect of dehydration operation is improved.
(3) The high-grade collophanite separated by screening is subjected to acid leaching to remove a small amount of carbonate gangue minerals contained in the collophanite, so that the energy consumption of ore grinding is reduced.
(4) The water return method adopts an independent water return method, filtrate of the material dehydration operation on the screen in the three-stage screening operation returns to each water return point of the ore washing operation, filtrate of the tailing dehydration operation and filtrate of the flotation concentrate dehydration operation respectively return to each water return point of the ore washing operation and the flotation operation for cyclic utilization, part of the filtrate of the acid leaching dehydration operation returns to the acid leaching operation for cyclic utilization, and the other part of the filtrate is fed to the tailing dehydration operation, so that the wastewater treatment and discharge are avoided, and the environmental pollution caused by the mineral separation production is reduced.
Detailed Description
Example 1, a method for washing, classifying and sorting phosphate ores:
separating the slime from the useful minerals through two-stage scrubbing operation; removing the slime through a multi-stage desliming operation;
the raw ore is divided into three grades of ores of high, medium and low waste rocks through multi-stage screening operation, calcite contained in the high grade ore is removed through an acid leaching method, and the medium and low grade ore is subjected to ore grinding flotation operation.
The high-grade ore and the medium-low grade ore pass through P2O5Content is distinguished; the distinguishing method comprises the following steps: high grade ore is referred to as P2O5Ore with content not less than 28%; the ore of middle and low grade is P2O5Ore with 16% -28% content; the grade distinction is obtained by detecting and analyzing the grain size composition and the grade distribution of each grain size.
The ore type of the collophanite is one of siliceous phosphate ore, calcareous phosphate ore or silico-calcareous phosphate ore. The phosphate ore comprises the following components: p2O516.1-28.9% grade, 1.5-7.9% MgO mass content, SiO2The mass content is 11.1% -31.9%; the content of-45 μm slime in the crushed raw ore accounts for 22%. The flotation operation adopts a reverse flotation method or a positive flotation method or a combination of the reverse flotation method and the positive flotation method to remove carbonate and siliconThe acid salt mineral and the collector are fatty acid organic matters or organic amine organic matters; the leaching acid is one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid and benzoic acid.
Embodiment 2, a method for washing, classifying and sorting phosphate ores:
separating the slime from the useful minerals through two-stage scrubbing operation; removing the slime through a multi-stage desliming operation;
the raw ore is divided into three grades of ores of high, medium and low waste rocks through multi-stage screening operation, calcite contained in the high grade ore is removed through an acid leaching method, and the medium and low grade ore is subjected to ore grinding flotation operation.
The medium-high grade phosphate ore and the medium-low grade phosphate ore are distinguished by sieving; the distinguishing method comprises the following steps: after the first-stage scrubbing, performing first-stage screening, wherein the granularity of a first-stage screening sieve pore is controlled to be 1-10 mm; the coarse-grained materials of the two-stage desliming operation are subjected to two-stage screening, the mesh size of the two-stage screening is controlled to be 0.3-0.7 mm, and the undersize materials of the three-stage screening operation and the oversize materials of the two-stage screening operation are medium-low grade phosphate ores; the mesh size of the three-stage screening operation is controlled to be 0.1-0.315 mm, and the oversize material of the three-stage screening operation is high-grade phosphate ore.
Crushing the raw ore to below-40 mm through crushing operation, and then performing scrubbing operation; the primary slime and the secondary slime contained in the raw ore are removed through two-stage scrubbing operation, the granularity control range of the first-stage desliming is 50-100 mu m, and the granularity control range of the second-stage desliming is 20-45 mu m. The flotation operation adopts a conventional double-reverse method flow. The leaching acid is one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid and benzoic acid. And returning filtrate obtained in the material dewatering operation on the screen in the three-stage screening operation to the ore washing operation, returning filtrate obtained in the tailing dewatering operation and filtrate obtained in the concentrate dewatering operation in the flotation operation to each water return point in the ore washing operation and the flotation operation respectively for recycling, returning part of the filtrate obtained in the acid leaching dewatering operation to the acid leaching operation for recycling, and feeding the other part of the filtrate into the tailing dewatering operation.
Embodiment 3, a method for washing, classifying and sorting phosphate ores comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing raw ore to below-20 mm after crushing operation, then washing the raw ore in ore washing operation, feeding the washed ore pulp into a first-stage screening operation, feeding materials on a screen into a tailing yard, feeding materials under the screen into a first-stage desliming operation, controlling the mesh size of the first-stage screening operation to be 2mm, and controlling the mesh size of the first-stage desliming operation to be 63 mu m.
(2) Coarse-fraction ore pulp of the first-stage desliming operation is fed into a second-stage scouring operation, ore pulp of the second-stage scouring operation is fed into the second-stage desliming operation, the grain size of the second-stage desliming operation is 45 mu m, and fine-fraction ore pulp of the first-stage desliming operation is fed into tailing thickening operation;
(3) mixing fine-grained ore pulp of the second-stage desliming operation with fine-grained pulp of the first-stage desliming operation, feeding the mixture into tailing thickening operation, feeding underflow after concentration into tailing filtering operation, and performing dry-stacking treatment on the tailings;
(4) coarse fraction materials of the second-stage desliming operation are fed into a second-stage screening operation, oversize materials are fed into an ore grinding operation, undersize materials are fed into a third-stage screening operation, the sieve mesh granularity of the second-stage screening operation is controlled to be 0.315mm, the sieve mesh granularity of the third-stage screening operation is controlled to be 0.1mm, and the ore grinding fineness is 65% of minus 74 microns;
(5) feeding materials on a screen of three-section screening operation into concentrate thickening operation, returning overflow of a thickener to desliming and scrubbing operation for return water, feeding underflow of the thickener into acid leaching operation, adding leaching acid into an acid leaching tank, wherein the leaching acid is mixed acid of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, separating a solid phase and a liquid phase through filtering operation after the leaching operation is finished, wherein the solid phase is a final leached concentrate product, one part of the liquid phase is returned to the leaching tank for recycling, and the other part of the liquid phase is fed into flotation operation;
(6) undersize materials in the three-stage screening operation and ore grinding pulp of oversize materials in the two-stage screening operation are mixed and fed into flotation operation, and the flotation method is a double-reverse flotation method;
(7) the product in the cell of the flotation operation is fed into concentrate thickening operation, the overflow of the thickener returns to the flotation operation, the underflow of the thickener returns to the filtering operation, the filtered product is the final concentrate product, the foam product is fed into tailing filtering operation, and the tailing product is subjected to dry heaping treatment.
The phosphate ore in the method has an ore composition of P2O5The grade is 19.1 percent, the MgO mass content is 4.6 percent, and SiO is2The mass content is 20.9%; the content of-45 μm slime in the crushed raw ore accounts for 20%. P in the phosphate ore concentrate obtained by the method2O5The grade is 30.0 percent, and the MgO mass content is 0.85 percent.
Embodiment 4, a method for washing, classifying and sorting phosphate ores comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing raw ore to below-15 mm after crushing operation, then feeding the crushed raw ore into ore washing operation for scrubbing, feeding the scrubbed ore pulp into a first-stage screening operation, feeding materials on a screen into a tailing yard, feeding materials under the screen into a first-stage desliming operation, controlling the mesh size of the first-stage screening operation to be 3mm, and controlling the grading particle size to be 74 mu m.
(2) Coarse-fraction ore pulp of the first-stage desliming operation is fed into a second-stage scouring operation, ore pulp of the second-stage scouring operation is fed into the second-stage desliming operation, the grain size of the second-stage desliming operation is 35 mu m, and fine-fraction ore pulp of the first-stage desliming operation is fed into tailing thickening operation;
(3) mixing the fine-grained ore pulp of the second-stage desliming operation with the fine-grained pulp of the first-stage desliming operation, and feeding the concentrated underflow directly into a tailing pond;
(4) coarse fraction materials of the second-stage desliming operation are fed into a second-stage screening operation, oversize materials are fed into an ore grinding operation, undersize materials are fed into a third-stage screening operation, the sieve mesh granularity of the second-stage screening operation is controlled to be 0.315mm, the sieve mesh granularity of the third-stage screening operation is controlled to be 0.1mm, and the ore grinding fineness is 85 percent with minus 74 mu m;
(5) feeding materials on a screen in three-section screening operation into concentrate thickening operation, returning overflow of a thickener to desliming and scrubbing operation for return water, feeding underflow of the thickener into acid leaching operation, adding leaching acid into an acid leaching tank, wherein the leaching acid is hydrochloric acid, separating a solid phase and a liquid phase through filtering operation after the leaching operation is finished, wherein the solid phase is a final leached concentrate product, one part of the liquid phase is returned to the leaching tank for recycling, and the other part of the liquid phase is fed into flotation operation;
(6) undersize materials in the three-stage screening operation and ore grinding pulp of oversize materials in the two-stage screening operation are mixed and fed into flotation operation, and the flotation method is a positive and negative flotation method;
(7) the products in the cell of the flotation operation are fed into concentrate thickening operation, the overflow of the thickener returns to the flotation operation, the underflow of the thickener returns to the filtering operation, the filtered products are final concentrate products, the foam products are fed into tailing thickening operation, the concentrated underflow is fed into a tailing pond, and the overflow returns to the flotation operation for recycling.
In the above method, the phosphate ore has a composition of P2O5The grade is 18.84 percent, the MgO mass content is 1.54 percent, and SiO is2The mass content is 19.5%; the content of-45 μm slime in the crushed raw ore accounts for 22%. P in the phosphate ore concentrate obtained by the method2O5The grade is 30.20 percent, and the MgO mass content is 0.35 percent.
Embodiment 5, a method for washing, classifying and sorting phosphate ores comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing raw ore to below-10 mm after crushing operation, then washing the raw ore in ore washing operation, feeding the washed ore pulp into a first-stage screening operation, feeding materials on a screen into a tailing yard, feeding materials under the screen into a first-stage desliming operation, controlling the mesh size of the first-stage screening operation to be 3.15mm, and controlling the grading particle size to be 63 mu m.
(2) Coarse-fraction ore pulp of the first-stage desliming operation is fed into a second-stage scouring operation, ore pulp of the second-stage scouring operation is fed into the second-stage desliming operation, the grain size of the second-stage desliming operation is 35 mu m, and fine-fraction ore pulp of the first-stage desliming operation is fed into tailing thickening operation;
(3) mixing the fine-grained ore pulp of the second-stage desliming operation with the fine-grained pulp of the first-stage desliming operation, and feeding the concentrated underflow directly into a tailing pond;
(4) coarse fraction materials of the second-stage desliming operation are fed into a second-stage screening operation, oversize materials are fed into an ore grinding operation, undersize materials are fed into a third-stage screening operation, the sieve mesh granularity of the second-stage screening operation is controlled to be 0.63mm, the sieve mesh granularity of the third-stage screening operation is controlled to be 0.1mm, and the ore grinding fineness is 70 percent with the fineness of minus 74 mu m;
(5) feeding materials on a screen in three-section screening operation into concentrate thickening operation, returning overflow of a thickener to desliming and scrubbing operation for return water, feeding underflow of the thickener into acid leaching operation, adding leaching acid into an acid leaching tank, wherein the leaching acid is acetic acid, separating a solid phase and a liquid phase through filtering operation after the leaching operation is finished, wherein the solid phase is a final leached concentrate product, one part of the liquid phase is returned to the leaching tank for recycling, and the other part of the liquid phase is fed into flotation operation;
(6) undersize materials in the three-stage screening operation and ore grinding pulp of oversize materials in the two-stage screening operation are mixed and fed into flotation operation, and the flotation method is a double-reverse flotation method;
(7) the products in the cell of the flotation operation are fed into concentrate thickening operation, the overflow of the thickener returns to the flotation operation, the underflow of the thickener returns to the filtering operation, the filtered products are final concentrate products, the foam products are fed into tailing thickening operation, the concentrated underflow is fed into a tailing pond, and the overflow returns to the flotation operation for recycling.
In the above method, the phosphate ore has a composition of P2O5The grade is 22.0 percent, the MgO mass content is 2.5 percent, and SiO is2The mass content is 19.5%; the content of-45 μm slime in the crushed raw ore accounts for 20%. P in the phosphate ore concentrate obtained by the method2O5The grade is 31.8 percent, and the MgO mass content is 0.45 percent.
In examples 3 to 5, the crusher is selected from one or more of a jaw crusher, a cone crusher, an impact crusher and a high-pressure roller mill, the ore washing operation is performed by using one of a cylindrical ore washer or a scrubbing stirring tank, the first-stage classification operation is performed by using any one of a vibrating screen, a high-frequency fine screen or a hydrocyclone, the desliming operation is performed by using any one of a hydrocyclone or a desliming bucket, the dewatering operation is performed by using any one of a belt feeder, a ceramic feeder or a filter press, the collecting agent is selected from organic amines and organic acids, and the leaching acid is one or more of inorganic acids or organic acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, benzoic acid and the like in any proportion; .
It should be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Example 6, comparative experiment for phosphate ore beneficiation:
firstly, the method comprises the following steps: purpose of experiment
And (3) inspecting the ore dressing effect of the phosphate ore washing and grading separation method.
Second, the experimental subject
The raw ore is a phosphate ore with a composition of P2O5The grade is 18.84 percent, the MgO mass content is 1.54 percent, and SiO is2The mass content is 19.5%; the content of-45 μm slime in the crushed raw ore accounts for 22%.
Third, grouping the experiments
Experimental example: the method described in example 4 was used.
Comparative example: the traditional forward and reverse flotation process is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the ore until the part with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 98.00 percent of the total weight of all the materials, and then adding water to prepare raw ore pulp with the weight concentration of 35 percent;
(2) placing the ground ore pulp into flotation equipment, performing direct flotation operation, firstly adding 1500g/t of sodium carbonate and 6000g/t of water glass under the condition that the stirring speed is 1800rpm, stirring for 3min, then adding a direct flotation collecting agent CA, stirring for 3min, wherein the adding amount of CA is 1500g/t of raw ore, and then performing direct flotation for 8min to obtain direct flotation roughed concentrate and tailings;
(3) and (3) performing a reverse flotation process on the direct flotation roughed concentrate, adding 000g/t of mixed acid under the condition of a stirring speed of 1900rpm, adding the collecting agent PA-69, stirring for 1min, wherein the adding amount of the PA-69 is 500g/t, and performing reverse flotation for 5min to obtain reverse flotation concentrate and tailings.
Fourthly, experimental results:
the beneficiation results of the experimental and comparative examples are shown in the following table:
the results show that: in concentrate yield phaseOn the premise that the new process is compared with the prior art direct-reverse flotation process, the final concentrate P2O5The grade and the recovery rate are both obviously improved, wherein the grade of the final concentrate is over 30 percent, the recovery rate is improved by nearly 10 percent, and the granularity composition of the final phosphate concentrate is coarser, so that the method is more beneficial to subsequent dehydration operation, and has good economic advantages and wide market application prospect.
Claims (8)
1. A phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
separating the slime from the useful minerals through a plurality of sections of scrubbing operation; removing the slime through multi-stage desliming operation;
separating raw ores into ores of three grades, namely high, medium and low waste rocks by multi-stage screening operation, removing calcite contained in the high-grade ores by an acid leaching method, and performing ore grinding flotation operation on the medium and low-grade ores;
the high-grade ore and the medium-low grade ore are distinguished by screening; the distinguishing method comprises the following steps: after the first-stage scrubbing, performing first-stage screening, wherein the granularity of a first-stage screening sieve pore is controlled to be 1-10 mm; the coarse-fraction materials of the two-stage desliming operation are subjected to two-stage screening, the mesh size of the two-stage screening is controlled to be 0.3-0.7 mm, and undersize materials of the three-stage screening operation and oversize materials of the two-stage screening operation are middle-low grade ores; the mesh size of the three-stage screening operation is controlled to be 0.1-0.315 mm, and the oversize material of the three-stage screening operation is high-grade ore;
the phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) raw ore is subjected to crushing and screening operation and then is subjected to ore washing operation for scrubbing;
(2) feeding the scrubbed ore pulp into a first-stage screening operation, feeding materials on a screen into a tailing yard, and feeding materials under the screen into a first-stage desliming operation;
(3) coarse-fraction ore pulp of the first-stage desliming operation is fed into a second-stage scrubbing operation, and fine-fraction ore pulp of the first-stage desliming operation is fed into tailing dewatering operation;
(4) feeding the ore pulp subjected to the second-stage scrubbing operation into a second-stage desliming operation, mixing fine-grained materials of the second-stage desliming operation with fine-grained materials of the first-stage desliming operation, and feeding the mixture into a tailing dewatering operation;
(5) coarse-grained materials of the two-stage desliming operation are subjected to two-stage screening operation, materials on the screen are subjected to ore grinding operation, and materials under the screen are subjected to three-stage screening operation;
(6) feeding materials on a sieve for three-stage sieving operation into dewatering operation, feeding the dewatered products into acid leaching operation, and mixing materials under the sieve for three-stage sieving operation and ore grinding pulp of materials on the sieve for two-stage sieving operation into flotation operation;
(7) the concentrate after the acid leaching operation is subjected to dehydration operation, and the dehydrated product is the ore washing coarse-grained concentrate;
(8) and dewatering the product in the flotation tank to obtain final flotation concentrate, and feeding the foam product into tailing dewatering operation.
2. The phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: crushing the raw ore to below-40 mm through crushing operation, and then performing scrubbing operation; the primary slime and the secondary slime contained in the raw ore are removed through two-stage scrubbing operation, the granularity control range of the first-stage desliming is 50-100 mu m, and the granularity control range of the second-stage desliming is 20-45 mu m.
3. The phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ore type of the phosphate ore is one of a siliceous phosphate ore, a calcareous phosphate ore, or a silicocalcareous phosphate ore.
4. The phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composition of the phosphate ore is: p2O516.1-28.9% grade, 1.5-7.9% MgO mass content and SiO2The mass content is 11.1% -31.9%; the content of-45 mu m slime in the crushed raw ore accounts for 10-25%.
5. The phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flotation operation adopts a reverse flotation method or a direct flotation method or the combination of the reverse flotation method and the direct flotation method to remove carbonate and silicate minerals, and the collecting agent selects fatty acid organic matters or organic amine organic matters.
6. The phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the flotation operation is a positive and negative or double-negative method flow.
7. The phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the leaching acid is one or more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid and benzoic acid.
8. The phosphate ore washing, classifying and sorting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and returning filtrate obtained in the material dewatering operation on the screen in the three-stage screening operation to the ore washing operation, returning filtrate obtained in the tailing dewatering operation and filtrate obtained in the concentrate dewatering operation in the flotation operation to each water return point in the ore washing operation and the flotation operation respectively for recycling, returning part of the filtrate obtained in the acid leaching dewatering operation to the acid leaching operation for recycling, and feeding the other part of the filtrate into the tailing dewatering operation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811644950.2A CN111375485B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Phosphate ore washing and grading separation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811644950.2A CN111375485B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Phosphate ore washing and grading separation method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111375485A CN111375485A (en) | 2020-07-07 |
| CN111375485B true CN111375485B (en) | 2021-12-07 |
Family
ID=71213080
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811644950.2A Active CN111375485B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Phosphate ore washing and grading separation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111375485B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114602645B (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2024-01-26 | 云南磷化集团有限公司 | Collophanite pre-screening scrubbing desliming combined treatment method |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3732090A (en) * | 1971-02-17 | 1973-05-08 | Agrico Chem Co | Processing of phosphate rock |
| CN101288814A (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2008-10-22 | 云南江川天湖化工有限公司 | Phosphorus ore scrubbing tailing mineral slurry dewatering and dry type draining technique |
| CN102489385B (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-03-13 | 云南三明鑫疆矿业有限公司 | Combined technology of phosphorite scrubbing and direct floatation and reverse floatation |
| CN102671758B (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2013-06-12 | 云南三明鑫疆矿业有限公司 | Direct and reverse flotation desliming process of collophanite |
| CN104261361B (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2016-03-23 | 云南红富化肥有限公司 | A kind of low-grade refractory selects the washup direct flotation method of shale phosphorus ore |
| CN104959239B (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2017-06-27 | 中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所 | Low-grade refractory weathered collophanite segmented desliming flotation process |
| CN106622637A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-10 | 中蓝连海设计研究院 | Process for treating phosphate ores by combining reverse-flotation desilication and acid leaching magnesium removal |
-
2018
- 2018-12-29 CN CN201811644950.2A patent/CN111375485B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111375485A (en) | 2020-07-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102861663B (en) | Breaking grinding dissociation and re-flotation two-stage recovery process of coal in scarce coking | |
| CN108940569B (en) | Comprehensive utilization method of granite | |
| CN109604048B (en) | Method for stepwise recovering metallic copper, copper sulfide and iron minerals in copper converter slag | |
| CN101733194B (en) | Ore dressing method of low-grade manganese carbonate ore | |
| CN105413842A (en) | Mineral separation process and system for ultra-lean magnetite ore | |
| CN113941433B (en) | Ore dressing method for cascade recovery and segmented tailing discarding of low-grade chromite | |
| CN108212507B (en) | Mineral processing technology for recovering fine grains and micro-fine grains of cassiterite from tailings | |
| CN110560258B (en) | Device and process for selecting ultra-clean coal by physical cyclone recovery jigging overflow coal slime | |
| CN108405173A (en) | A kind of fine beneficiation new process of the red water chestnut compound iron ore of magnetic | |
| CN115418498B (en) | Treatment method of carbonate lithium clay | |
| CN111375482B (en) | Method for grading and sorting silico-calcic phosphate ore | |
| CN214021353U (en) | Gravity-flotation combined separation system for refractory fluorite ores | |
| CN111375485B (en) | Phosphate ore washing and grading separation method | |
| WO2024045687A2 (en) | Method for pre-selection and discarding and reducing over-grinding of gold ores | |
| CN104722391A (en) | Method for recycling low-concentration and micro-fine-particle hematite floatation tailings | |
| CN111375484B (en) | Phosphate ore washing, classifying, roasting and flotation method | |
| CN113941441A (en) | Wet-type strong magnetic preselection method for low-grade chromite | |
| CN111036388B (en) | Washing and grading flotation method for weathered phosphate ore | |
| RU2354457C1 (en) | Method of concentrating potassium containing ore | |
| CN216704623U (en) | Pre-selection system of high mud hematite stone | |
| CN114653472B (en) | Magnetic-floatation combined mineral separation novel process for ultrafine hematite ore | |
| CN114682386B (en) | Fractional step flotation method for treating medium-low grade silicon-calcium collophanite | |
| CN114130523B (en) | Preselection process of high-mud hematite ore | |
| CN114588998B (en) | Comprehensive utilization method of peganite containing tantalum-niobium, cassiterite, feldspar and spodumene | |
| CN217940462U (en) | Grinding and selecting system for brittle minerals |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |