CN114646467B

CN114646467B - Driving motor bearing detection method suitable for whole vehicle environment

Info

Publication number: CN114646467B
Application number: CN202011521117.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王丹迎; 丁计飞; 蒋卫伟; 纪秉男; 杨泗鹏
Original assignee: Yutong Bus Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yutong Bus Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-21
Filing date: 2020-12-21
Publication date: 2023-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-21
Also published as: CN114646467A

Abstract

The application relates to a detection method of a driving motor bearing suitable for a whole vehicle environment, which comprises the following steps: detecting the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing in the running process of the motor; judging whether the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing exceeds the limit; if the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing exceeds the limit, dismantling a transmission shaft of the motor, idling the motor, and detecting the vibration characteristic of the bearing; if the vibration characteristics of the bearing are not up to the standard, replacing the bearing; otherwise, the bearing is not replaced. According to the application, firstly, the temperature measurement result is used for judging, a fault range is defined, the fault range can cover bearing faults, and then, the motor runs in a no-load mode, so that the interference of the motor running on the bearing running condition is shielded, the detection is accurate, and the efficiency is high.

Description

Driving motor bearing detection method suitable for whole vehicle environment

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of whole vehicle detection, in particular to a method for detecting a driving motor bearing in a whole vehicle environment.

Background

The motor bearing is a vital rotating part in the motor, and the main functions of the motor bearing are to support the rotating body and reduce energy loss caused by friction in the rotating process, and if the motor bearing fails, the motor cannot realize conversion of electromechanical energy, so the motor bearing state detection is indispensable.

In the prior art, bearing detects as a spare part detects, arranges to go on before whole car equipment, includes: firstly, sampling in a batch of bearings according to a certain proportion, then testing various performances of a sample by means of professional instruments and equipment, and evaluating the bearings of the whole batch according to test results.

Due to sampling detection, the quality of all bearings cannot be ensured to reach the standard; and after the whole vehicle is assembled, new problems can be caused to the bearing due to the operation of the assembly process or the assembly relation with other parts.

Therefore, it is desirable to be able to detect bearings in a complete vehicle environment. For example, there are some prior art techniques that use vibration sensors to detect bearing vibration performance in an overall vehicle environment (e.g., vibration signals are processed by modal decomposition, gray scale theory, etc.) to identify bearing faults. However, since the bearings and the equipment such as the motor and the like in the whole vehicle environment are coupled together, the reflected fault information also contains related information of different equipment, the decoupling of the bearing information is complex, and the accuracy is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a detection method of a driving motor bearing suitable for a whole vehicle environment, which is used for solving the problems of complex method and poor accuracy in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the application provides a method for detecting a bearing of a driving motor suitable for a whole vehicle environment, which comprises the following steps:

detecting the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing in the running process of the motor;

judging whether the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing exceeds the limit;

if the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing exceeds the limit, dismantling a transmission shaft of the motor, idling the motor, and detecting the vibration characteristic of the bearing;

if the vibration characteristics of the bearing are not up to the standard, replacing the bearing; otherwise, the bearing is not replaced.

Further, the bearing vibration characteristics include vibration speed and vibration acceleration.

Further, the standard of the vibration characteristics of the bearing is as follows: if the root mean square value Vxy of the vibration speed is smaller than V1, judging that the bearing has no fault and not replacing the bearing;

if the vibration speed root mean square value Vxy is larger than V1 and the vibration acceleration root mean square value Axy is larger than A1, judging that the parts inside the bearing are damaged and the bearing needs to be replaced; v1 is a vibration velocity threshold value, and A1 is a vibration acceleration threshold value.

Further, the vibration characteristics are detected by a vibration working instrument.

Further, when the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing exceeds the limit, further bearing detection is performed through instrument prompt.

Further, if the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing is not out of limit, the bearing is indicated to be normal through an instrument.

Further, the temperature of the bearing outer ring was measured by PT 1000.

According to the application, firstly, a fault range is defined through the judgment of the temperature measurement result, the fault range can cover the bearing fault, and then, the motor runs in an idle mode, so that the interference of the motor running to the bearing running condition (mainly the heating condition of a motor winding and the like) is shielded, and the bearing can be accurately detected even in the whole vehicle state; and only the transmission shaft is required to be disassembled, and the bearings are not required to be disassembled to be independently detected, so that the bearing detection method in the whole vehicle environment is greatly simplified, and the detection efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the present application.

Detailed Description

The bearing detection method shown in fig. 1, which detects after the whole vehicle is assembled, namely in the whole vehicle environment, specifically includes:

1) Detecting bearing outer ring temperature

In this embodiment, the detected objects are the front shaft bearing and the rear shaft bearing of the drive motor. The detection mode of the two bearings is identical.

Temperature sensors, such as PT1000, are arranged on outer rings of front/rear shaft bearings of the driving motor; as another embodiment, a noncontact temperature sensor may be used.

2) Judging whether the temperature exceeds the limit

And controlling the motor to run at a certain rotating speed V, and comparing the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing acquired by the temperature sensor with a preset normal temperature threshold T. The preset normal temperature threshold T is obtained by calibration experiments, for example, measuring the operating temperature of a large number of fault-free bearings at a certain rotational speed, and then deriving a temperature value to represent a normal temperature range. And if the acquired temperature is greater than the preset normal temperature threshold T, indicating that the running temperature of the current bearing deviates from a normal range.

The temperature sensor can be uploaded to the motor controller, namely, the motor controller is utilized to collect the temperature of the bearing, and the motor controller sends temperature information to the whole vehicle controller. And the whole vehicle controller judges whether the temperature exceeds the limit. The specific judging process can be as follows: if the temperature exceeds the normal temperature threshold T and exceeds the limited time T, judging that the bearing possibly has faults, uploading fault codes, and displaying 'please carry out motor bearing maintenance' by an instrument; otherwise, the instrument displays that the motor bearing is normal.

3) When the instrument displays that the motor bearing maintenance is required, a transmission shaft connected with the motor is detached by a spanner, so that the motor can idle, and the rotating speed is stabilized at n1.

4) And measuring the vibration characteristic of the bearing by using a vibration working instrument (a commercially available portable vibration detection instrument) and judging whether the vibration characteristic exceeds the limit.

The method specifically comprises the following steps: vibration sensors are arranged at the axial position and the radial position of the motor bearing seat, and the axial acceleration Ax and the radial acceleration Ay and the vibration acceleration Vx and the vibration acceleration Vy are respectively measured.

For each bearing, the bearing vibration speed root mean square Vxy and the vibration acceleration root mean square Axy are calculated, and compared with a judgment standard, the judgment standard is as follows:

if Vxy is less than V1, judging that the bearing has no fault and not replacing the bearing;

if Vxy is larger than V1 and Axy is larger than A1, the fact that damage to parts in the bearing occurs is judged, abnormal sound is serious, noise is abnormal, the vehicle cannot run continuously for a long time, and the bearing needs to be replaced.

The V1 and A1 are also determined through calibration experiments and are used for representing the vibration threshold value of the normal vibration range.

According to the embodiment, firstly, the temperature measurement result is used for judging, a fault range is defined, the fault range can cover bearing faults, and then the motor runs in a no-load mode, so that the interference of the motor running on the bearing running condition (mainly the heating condition of a motor winding and the like) is shielded, and the bearing can be accurately detected even in a whole vehicle state; and only the transmission shaft is required to be disassembled, and the bearings are not required to be disassembled to be independently detected, so that the bearing detection method in the whole vehicle environment is greatly simplified, and the detection efficiency is improved.

In the above embodiment, the vibration characteristics are detected using the vibration velocity and acceleration, and as another embodiment, the detection may be performed by referring to a vibration signal processing means in the related art.

Claims

1. The method for detecting the bearing of the driving motor suitable for the whole vehicle environment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

2. The method for detecting a bearing of a drive motor suitable for use in a vehicle environment according to claim 1, wherein the bearing vibration characteristics include a vibration velocity and a vibration acceleration.

3. The method for detecting a bearing of a driving motor suitable for a complete vehicle environment according to claim 2, wherein the standard of the vibration characteristic of the bearing is: if the root mean square value Vxy of the vibration speed is smaller than V1, judging that the bearing has no fault and not replacing the bearing; if the vibration speed root mean square value Vxy is larger than V1 and the vibration acceleration root mean square value Axy is larger than A1, judging that the parts inside the bearing are damaged and the bearing needs to be replaced; v1 is a vibration velocity threshold value, and A1 is a vibration acceleration threshold value.

4. The method for detecting a bearing of a driving motor suitable for use in a whole vehicle environment according to claim 3, wherein the vibration characteristics are detected by a vibration working instrument.

5. The method for detecting bearings of a drive motor suitable for use in a vehicle environment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the further bearing detection is performed by means of an instrument prompt when the temperature of the outer race of the bearing exceeds a limit.

6. The method for detecting bearings of a drive motor suitable for use in a vehicle environment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein if the temperature of the outer race of the bearings is not exceeded, the bearing is indicated as normal by an instrument.

7. The method for detecting a bearing of a driving motor suitable for an entire vehicle environment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the temperature of the outer race of the bearing is measured by PT 1000.