CN114646467A

CN114646467A - Driving motor bearing detection method suitable for whole vehicle environment

Info

Publication number: CN114646467A
Application number: CN202011521117.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王丹迎; 丁计飞; 蒋卫伟; 纪秉男; 杨泗鹏
Original assignee: Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-21
Filing date: 2020-12-21
Publication date: 2022-06-21
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-21
Also published as: CN114646467B

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for detecting a bearing of a driving motor, which is suitable for the whole vehicle environment and comprises the following steps: detecting the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing in the running process of the motor; judging whether the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing exceeds the limit; if the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing exceeds the limit, a transmission shaft of the motor is dismounted, the motor idles, and the vibration characteristic of the bearing is detected; if the vibration characteristic of the bearing does not reach the standard, the bearing is replaced; otherwise the bearing is not replaced. According to the invention, firstly, the temperature measurement result is used for judging, a fault range is defined, the fault range can cover the bearing fault, then, the motor is enabled to run in no-load, the interference of the motor running on the running condition of the bearing is shielded, the detection is accurate, and the efficiency is high.

Description

Driving motor bearing detection method suitable for whole vehicle environment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of vehicle detection, in particular to a method for detecting a drive motor bearing in a vehicle environment.

Background

The motor bearing is an important rotating part in the motor, the main function of the motor bearing is to support the rotating body and reduce energy loss caused by friction in the rotating process, and if the motor bearing fails, the motor cannot realize conversion of electromechanical energy, so that the motor bearing state detection is indispensable.

In the prior art, bearing detection is used as a part detection, and is arranged before the whole vehicle is assembled, and the bearing detection comprises the following steps: firstly, sampling is carried out in a batch of bearings according to a certain proportion, then various performances of the samples are tested by means of professional instruments, and the whole batch of bearings are evaluated according to test results.

Due to sampling detection, the quality of all bearings cannot be guaranteed to reach the standard; and after the whole vehicle is assembled, the bearing is likely to cause new problems due to the operation in the assembling process or the assembling relation with other components.

Therefore, it is desirable to be able to test bearings in a full vehicle environment. For example, there are some prior art techniques that use vibration sensors to detect bearing vibration performance in a full car environment (e.g., processing vibration signals by modal decomposition, gray scale theory, etc.) to identify bearing faults. However, since the bearing and the motor are coupled together in the vehicle environment, the reflected fault information also includes related information of different devices, and decoupling the bearing information is more complicated and has a poor accuracy.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a driving motor bearing detection method suitable for a whole vehicle environment, and aims to solve the problems of complexity and poor accuracy of the method in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a driving motor bearing detection method suitable for a whole vehicle environment, which comprises the following steps of:

detecting the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing in the running process of the motor;

judging whether the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing exceeds the limit;

if the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing exceeds the limit, a transmission shaft of the motor is dismounted, the motor idles, and the vibration characteristic of the bearing is detected;

if the vibration characteristic of the bearing does not reach the standard, the bearing is replaced; otherwise the bearing is not replaced.

Further, the bearing vibration characteristics include vibration speed and vibration acceleration.

Further, the vibration characteristics of the bearing are as follows: if the root mean square value Vxy of the vibration speed is less than V1, judging that the bearing does not have a fault, and not replacing the bearing; v1 is the root mean square value of the vibration speed;

if the root mean square value Vxy of the vibration speed is greater than V1 and the root mean square value Axy of the vibration acceleration is greater than A1, judging that the internal parts of the bearing are damaged and the bearing needs to be replaced; v1 is the vibration velocity threshold, A1 is the vibration acceleration threshold.

Further, the vibration characteristics are detected through a vibration working instrument.

Further, when the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing exceeds the limit, further bearing detection is carried out through instrument prompt.

Furthermore, if the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing is not over the limit, the bearing is prompted to be normal through an instrument.

Further, the temperature of the bearing outer ring is measured by PT 1000.

According to the invention, firstly, the temperature measurement result is used for judging, a fault range is defined, the fault range can cover the bearing fault, and then the motor is operated in no-load, so that the interference of the motor operation on the bearing operation condition (mainly the heating condition of a motor winding and the like) is shielded, and therefore, the bearing can be accurately detected even in the state of the whole vehicle; and the transmission shaft only needs to be disassembled, and the bearing does not need to be disassembled for independent detection, so that the bearing detection method in the whole vehicle environment is greatly simplified, and the detection efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The bearing detection method shown in fig. 1, which is performed after the whole vehicle is assembled, namely, in the environment of the whole vehicle, specifically includes:

1) detecting bearing outer ring temperature

In this embodiment, the detected objects are the drive motor front axle bearing and the rear axle bearing. The detection mode for the two bearings is completely the same.

The outer rings of the front/rear shaft bearings of the driving motor are provided with temperature sensors, such as PT 1000; as another embodiment, a non-contact temperature sensor may be used.

2) Judging whether the temperature exceeds the limit

The motor is controlled to operate at a certain rotating speed V, and the temperature sensor collects the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing and compares the temperature with a preset normal temperature threshold value T. The predetermined normal temperature threshold T is obtained by a calibration experiment, for example, measuring the operating temperature of a large number of fault-free bearings at a certain rotation speed, and then obtaining a temperature value to represent a normal temperature range. If the collected temperature is greater than the preset normal temperature threshold value T, the current running temperature of the bearing is deviated from the normal range.

The temperature sensor can upload the temperature information to the motor controller, namely the bearing temperature is collected by the motor controller, and the temperature information is sent to the vehicle control unit by the motor controller. And the vehicle control unit judges whether the temperature exceeds the limit. The specific process of judgment can adopt: if the temperature exceeds a normal temperature threshold value T and exceeds a limited time T, judging that the bearing is possible to have a fault, uploading a fault code, and displaying 'please maintain the motor bearing' by an instrument; otherwise, the instrument displays that the motor bearing is normal.

3) When the instrument displays that the maintenance of the motor bearing is required, a transmission shaft connected with the motor is detached by a wrench, so that the motor can idle, and the rotating speed is stabilized at n 1.

4) The vibration characteristic of the bearing is measured by a vibration working instrument (a commercially available portable vibration detection instrument), and whether the vibration characteristic exceeds the limit is judged.

The method specifically comprises the following steps: and mounting vibration sensors at the axial position and the radial position of the motor bearing seat, and respectively measuring axial acceleration Ax and radial acceleration Ay and vibration acceleration Vx and Vy.

For each bearing, the bearing vibration speed root mean square Vxy and the vibration acceleration root mean square Axy are calculated and compared with the judgment standard which is as follows:

if Vxy is less than V1, judging that the bearing has no fault, and not replacing the bearing;

and if Vxy is greater than V1 and Axy is greater than A1, the bearing is judged to be damaged, abnormal noise is serious, the vehicle cannot continuously run for a long time, and the bearing needs to be replaced.

The above-mentioned V1, a1 was also determined by calibration experiments, and was used to characterize the vibration threshold for the normal vibration range.

According to the embodiment, firstly, the temperature measurement result is used for judging, a fault range is defined, the fault range can cover bearing faults, and then the motor is enabled to run in a no-load mode, so that the interference of the running of the motor on the running condition of the bearing (mainly the heating condition of a motor winding and the like) is shielded, and therefore, the bearing can be accurately detected even in a finished automobile state; and the transmission shaft only needs to be disassembled, and the bearing does not need to be disassembled for independent detection, so that the bearing detection method in the whole vehicle environment is greatly simplified, and the detection efficiency is improved.

In the embodiment, the vibration characteristics are detected by using the vibration speed and the acceleration, and as other embodiments, the vibration characteristics can be detected by referring to the vibration signal processing means in the prior art.

Claims

1. A driving motor bearing detection method suitable for a whole vehicle environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the bearing vibration characteristics comprise vibration speed and vibration acceleration.

3. The method for detecting the bearing of the driving motor applicable to the vehicle finishing environment as claimed in claim 2, wherein the vibration characteristics of the bearing are as follows: if the root mean square value Vxy of the vibration speed is less than V1, judging that the bearing has no fault, and not replacing the bearing; v1 is the root mean square value of the vibration speed; if the root mean square value Vxy of the vibration speed is greater than V1 and the root mean square value Axy of the vibration acceleration is greater than A1, judging that the internal parts of the bearing are damaged and the bearing needs to be replaced; v1 is the vibration velocity threshold, A1 is the vibration acceleration threshold.

4. The method for detecting the bearing of the drive motor applicable to the vehicle finishing environment as claimed in claim 3, wherein the vibration characteristic is detected by a vibration work meter.

5. The method for detecting the bearing of the driving motor applicable to the vehicle environment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing exceeds the limit, further bearing detection is performed through instrument prompt.

6. The method for detecting the bearing of the driving motor applicable to the vehicle finishing environment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein if the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing does not exceed the limit, the bearing is indicated to be normal through an instrument.

7. The method for detecting the bearing of the driving motor applicable to the vehicle finishing environment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing is measured by PT 1000.