CN114646221A - Masonry method of high-temperature refractory material of rotary kiln - Google Patents
Masonry method of high-temperature refractory material of rotary kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN114646221A CN114646221A CN202210273962.9A CN202210273962A CN114646221A CN 114646221 A CN114646221 A CN 114646221A CN 202210273962 A CN202210273962 A CN 202210273962A CN 114646221 A CN114646221 A CN 114646221A
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- rotary kiln
- refractory material
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- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/14—Supports for linings
- F27D1/141—Anchors therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical mine engineering, and particularly relates to a method for building a refractory material of a rotary kiln. A masonry method of a high-temperature refractory material of a rotary kiln comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: changing the fixing mode of the bayonet iron at the kiln opening; step two: the adjacent end surface of the refractory material pouring belt of the kiln head of the rotary kiln is molded and poured by a phi =40-80mm corrugated expansion joint plate, so that cracks caused by the fact that fine ores enter a masonry joint are avoided. The invention has the advantages that the refractory material of the rotary kiln is not easy to damage and the service cycle of the rotary kiln is prolonged by reinforcing the two aspects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical mine engineering, and particularly relates to a method for building a refractory material of a rotary kiln.
Background
The grate-rotary kiln is one of three processes for producing pellets, and the process characteristics of the grate-rotary kiln accord with the reality of large production yield and mixed raw materials of pellets in China, and the grate-rotary kiln is rapidly developed in China in recent years. Refractory materials are used in large quantities in grate-kiln systems, but the refractory materials are subject to temperature fluctuations from production, use to disposal or re-use, and destruction due to thermal shock and wear is the main cause of refractory consumption, which is closely related to its masonry method. The pellet produced by Xinzhou mineral in Shanxi is used for blast furnace ironmaking, a relatively advanced chain plate machine-rotary kiln process is adopted, refractory materials are used for a chain grate machine, a rotary kiln and a ring cooling machine in the production line, the temperature requirement is different from 10 ℃ to 1400 ℃, the rotary kiln and the ring cooling machine are high-temperature operation equipment, during the operation process, a large amount of dust is generated in the internal pellet, the refractory materials are usually damaged and fall off, the overhaul is carried out once every year (the repair time is about 1 month), the intermediate repair is carried out once every quarter, and the refractory materials are repaired or rebuilt. Shanxi Xinzhou mineral rotary kiln is a large-sized cylinder with the outer diameter of 5.9 meters, the inner diameter of 4.5 meters and the wall thickness of 70mm, and the wall of the rotary kiln is externally provided with a stainless steel plate and internally built with refractory materials. The distance between the discharge port of the kiln head of the rotary kiln and the circular cooler is 4.8 meters, much dust is generated when the pellets fall from the kiln head of the rotary kiln to the circular cooler, if the quality of the pellets is poor, more dust is generated, and the visibility in the rotary kiln is less than 1 meter. The cross section of the fire-resistant layer is protected by 24 bayonet irons, each bayonet iron is fixed by an M30X 165 stainless steel screw, the screw is frequently loosened due to thermal expansion, so that the bayonet irons are loosened, the kiln mouth refractory materials are easily extruded and tilted by the bayonet irons in the operation of a kiln body, a crack is formed, high-temperature fine ores and hot air flow enter the crack to damage the refractory materials after the anchoring nails are oxidized, or after the kiln mouth is radially expanded under the action of high temperature, the masonry seams of the refractory materials are increased along with the increase of the refractory materials, the high-temperature fine ores enter the masonry seams to form sintered blocks, and when the temperature fluctuates, the middle part of the kiln mouth fire-resistant layer is cracked and damaged due to the radial thermal stress extrusion of the kiln mouth. According to statistics, in the last 6 years, the kiln head bayonet fire-resistant material of the rotary kiln is locally damaged for 14 times, and in the most serious case, the kiln head necking fire-resistant material is damaged, so that a kiln head cylinder is burnt through, and production is stopped for maintenance. The average production is at most 3 months, the production is stopped for maintenance once, the maintenance time is very short, the maintenance quality is not controllable, and the maintenance effect is not ideal. Seriously affecting the normal operation of the chain-loop system. Analysis of reasons influencing the service life of the necking refractory of the kiln head of the rotary kiln: 1. when the kiln head bayonet of the rotary kiln is built, 70 sections of the rotary kiln are cast along with the kiln lining, and 35 blocks are cast in every two adjacent sections; because the expansion joint is formed by thermal expansion and the refractory material cracks, high-temperature fine ores can easily enter the masonry joint, and internal or material extrusion is caused when the temperature fluctuates, so that the explosion or the fracture of the anchoring nail is caused and the damage is caused. 2. The main reason for the cracking or the damage of the kiln mouth refractory material of the rotary kiln is that the bayonet iron fixing steel screws are loosened by thermal expansion and elongation to cause the loosening of the bayonet irons, and the kiln mouth refractory material is damaged after being extruded and tilted by the loosened bayonet irons in operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a method for building a high-temperature refractory material of a rotary kiln.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a masonry method of a high-temperature refractory material of a rotary kiln comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: changing the fixing mode of the bayonet iron at the kiln opening: (1) designing a clamping iron to be fixed on a rotary kiln cylinder and a kiln head bayonet iron screw fixing plate, wherein one end of the clamping iron is welded on the bayonet iron screw fixing plate, and the other end of the clamping iron is welded on the rotary kiln cylinder; (2) designing an anchoring nail suitable for a high-temperature environment, welding the anchoring nail on a bayonet iron screw fixing plate of a kiln head of the rotary kiln or a cylinder body of the rotary kiln by using a stainless steel welding rod, and (3) welding a clamping iron and the anchoring nail, wherein a welding part is preheated firstly, then the welding is carried out by using the stainless steel welding rod, and after the welding is finished, the welding part is tempered and heated, and is heated to 350-plus-650 ℃ for natural cooling; step two: the adjacent end surfaces of the refractory material casting belts of the kiln head of the rotary kiln are molded and cast by a phi =40-80mm corrugated expansion joint plate, so that cracks caused by the fact that fine ores enter a masonry joint are avoided.
Further, one end of the clamping iron welded on the bayonet iron screw fixing plate is a first rectangular plate, one end welded on the rotary kiln cylinder is a second rectangular plate, the first rectangular plate and the second rectangular plate are integrally formed, the length of the first rectangular plate is 50-120mm, the width of the first rectangular plate is 60-100mm, the thickness of the first rectangular plate is 8-14mm, the length of the second rectangular plate is 150-200mm, the width of the second rectangular plate is 120-160mm, and the thickness of the second rectangular plate is 8-14 mm.
Furthermore, the anchoring nail is a V-shaped nail, the width of the bottom of the V-shaped nail is 15-30mm, hooks are additionally arranged at two ends of the top of the V-shaped nail, the length of the V-shaped nail is 10-20mm, the contact area of the anchoring nail and a refractory material is further increased, the V-shaped nail is more stable, the included angle of the bottom of the V-shaped nail is 25-35 degrees, and an easily-oxidized adhesive tape is wound on the anchoring nail to prevent the anchoring part from being concentrated by gravity generated by thermal expansion and causing radial crack damage.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: use the gib and anchor nail on the one hand, can prevent the not hard up resistant material damage that causes of rotary kiln bayonet socket iron, the adjacent terminal surface in on the other hand refractory material pouring belt adopts phi =60mm ripple expansion joint board mould making pouring, avoids the powder ore to get into and builds the seam and cause the crack, through the reinforcement in two aspects, makes rotary kiln refractory material not fragile, has prolonged its life cycle.
In the past, the refractory material of the kiln head of the rotary kiln needs to be repaired for 72 hours every quarter, the refractory material needs to be repaired 4 times a year, and after the transformation, the refractory material is only repaired once every year when the rotary kiln is overhauled one year, namely, the repair time of 216 hours is reduced by 3 times.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the stainless steel chuck of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the anchor of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the molding of the corrugated expansion joint plate of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, anchoring nails, 2, clamping iron and 3, masonry lines.
Detailed Description
The invention innovatively designs a masonry method of a high-temperature refractory material, and avoids high-temperature hot air and high-temperature fine ore generated in a kiln from entering a kiln head bayonet masonry joint to finally cause the refractory material to be damaged.
1. Changing the fixing mode of the bayonet iron at the kiln opening: (1) a clamping iron is designed to be welded and fixed on a rotary kiln cylinder and a kiln head clamping iron screw fixing plate, so that the fixing steel screw is prevented from expanding and loosening by heating, and the damage to refractory materials caused by loosening of kiln head mouth protecting iron is avoided. The stainless steel delta =12mm 0Cr25Ni20Ti is adopted as the iron clamp, so that the iron clamp can resist high temperature on one hand and prevent oxidation on the other hand. One end of the clamping iron is welded on the bayonet iron screw fixing plate, and the other end of the clamping iron is welded on the rotary kiln cylinder. (2) The innovative design adapts to the anchoring nail in the high-temperature environment, and circumferential crack expansion is avoided. 1) The width of anchor nail bottom is 10mm, welds on rotary kiln hood bayonet iron screw fixed plate or rotary kiln barrel with the stainless steel welding rod, must guarantee the full weld among the welding process, increases the tightness of anchor nail. 2) The top of anchor nail increases the crotch, and length is 5mm, can increase anchor nail and refractory material's area of contact, makes it more firm. 3) And an easily oxidized adhesive tape is wound on the anchoring nail to prevent the radial crack damage caused by the concentration of the attraction generated by the thermal expansion of the anchoring part. (3) And (3) welding the clamping iron and the anchoring nail, preheating a welding part, then welding by using a stainless steel welding rod, tempering and heating the welding part after welding, and heating to 650 ℃ for natural cooling.
2. The adjacent end surface of the refractory material pouring belt of the kiln head of the rotary kiln is molded and poured by a phi =60mm corrugated expansion joint plate, so that cracks caused by the fact that powder ore enters a masonry joint are avoided. The rotary kiln is a cylinder which rotates at low speed continuously and has an inclination of 5 degrees, the temperature of the kiln head reaches 1000-1300 ℃, the interior of the rotary kiln is continuously washed by materials, refractory materials at the contraction opening of the kiln head are easy to wear, especially two refractory material injection belts are directly spliced together, the joint is easy to crack, and dust enters the joint, and finally the refractory materials are damaged. The corrugated expansion joint plate with phi =60mm is designed at the section for molding and pouring, so that the length and difficulty of dust entering the masonry joint are increased, and cracks caused by fine ores entering the masonry joint are avoided.
Examples
When the rotary kiln is overhauled, the technical transformation scheme is implemented.
1. The clamping iron is made of delta =12mm 0Cr25Ni20Ti stainless steel, one end of the clamping iron is welded on the bayonet iron screw fixing plate, the other end of the clamping iron is welded on the rotary kiln cylinder, and the clamping iron needs to be fully welded. 2. The base and head of the anchor nail must meet the design requirements. The width of the bottom of the anchoring nail is 10mm, the anchoring nail is welded on a bayonet iron screw fixing plate of the kiln head of the rotary kiln or a cylinder body of the rotary kiln by a stainless steel welding rod, and the anchoring nail is welded on the bayonet iron screw fixing plate or the cylinder body of the rotary kiln during the welding processFull welding must be ensured, increasing the robustness of the anchor nail. The top of anchor nail increases the crotch, and length is 5mm can increase anchor nail and refractory material's area of contact, makes it more firm. 3. And (3) welding the iron clamp and the anchor nail, preheating a welding part, then welding by using a stainless steel welding rod, tempering and heating the welding part after welding is finished, and heating to 650 ℃ for natural cooling. 4. A block iron and a row of 2 anchoring nails are arranged on the rotary kiln head bayonet iron every 0.5 m. 5. The refractory material for newly building or repairing the kiln head of the rotary kiln is high-alumina amorphous low-cement castable, and has the following specific requirements: AL2O3The content of the refractory lock catch castable is between 65 and 75, the bulk density is 2.4 to 2.75g/cm, the low-temperature bending strength is 10 to 15MPa, the high-temperature bending strength is 18 to 25 MPa, the fired compressive strength is more than 180 MPa, the fired linear change is-0.02 to 0 percent, the steel fiber containing 8 to 12 percent is used for the oxidation pellet kiln, the castable is required to be mixed uniformly, the moisture content is reasonable, the vibration is dense, a scientific furnace baking system is made, and the service life of the refractory is prolonged.
The invention is applied to rotary kiln system overhaul in 2019 by Xin-shan mine, and is practical and applied in 2020 and 2021 years, and the invention meets the design requirements: the building or repairing of the refractory material of the kiln head of the rotary kiln is carried out only once every year, the manpower and material resources are greatly reduced, the material cost is saved by 10.5 ten thousand yuan and the construction cost is saved by 5 ten thousand yuan every year, and the profit is obtained by 254.5 ten thousand yuan when more pellets are produced.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the structural features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes or modifications within the scope of the present invention by those skilled in the art are covered by the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A masonry method of a high-temperature refractory material of a rotary kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: changing the fixing mode of the bayonet iron at the kiln opening: (1) designing a clamping iron to be fixed on a rotary kiln cylinder and a kiln head bayonet iron screw fixing plate, wherein one end of the clamping iron is welded on the bayonet iron screw fixing plate, and the other end of the clamping iron is welded on the rotary kiln cylinder; (2) designing an anchoring nail suitable for a high-temperature environment, welding the anchoring nail on a bayonet iron screw fixing plate of a kiln head of the rotary kiln or a cylinder body of the rotary kiln by using a stainless steel welding rod, and (3) welding a clamping iron and the anchoring nail, wherein a welding part is preheated firstly, then the welding is carried out by using the stainless steel welding rod, and after the welding is finished, the welding part is tempered and heated, and is heated to 350-plus-650 ℃ for natural cooling;
step two: the adjacent end surface of the refractory material pouring belt of the kiln head of the rotary kiln is molded and poured by a phi =40-80mm corrugated expansion joint plate, so that cracks caused by the fact that fine ores enter a masonry joint are avoided.
2. The masonry method of the high-temperature refractory material of the rotary kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the clamping iron welded on the bayonet iron screw fixing plate is a first rectangular plate, one end welded on the rotary kiln cylinder is a second rectangular plate, the first rectangular plate and the second rectangular plate are integrally formed, the length of the first rectangular plate is 50-120mm, the width of the first rectangular plate is 60-100mm, the thickness of the plate is 8-14mm, and the length of the second rectangular plate is 150-200mm, the width of the second rectangular plate is 120-160mm, and the thickness of the plate is 8-14 mm.
3. The masonry method of the high-temperature refractory material of the rotary kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anchoring nail is a V-shaped nail, the width of the bottom of the V-shaped nail is 15-30mm, hooks are additionally arranged at two ends of the top of the V-shaped nail, the length of the hooks is 10-20mm, the contact area of the anchoring nail and a refractory material is further increased, the stability is improved, the included angle of the bottom of the V-shaped nail is 25-35 degrees, and an easily oxidized adhesive tape is wound on the anchoring nail to prevent the attractive force generated by the thermal expansion of the anchoring part from being concentrated to cause radial crack damage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210273962.9A CN114646221A (en) | 2022-03-20 | 2022-03-20 | Masonry method of high-temperature refractory material of rotary kiln |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210273962.9A CN114646221A (en) | 2022-03-20 | 2022-03-20 | Masonry method of high-temperature refractory material of rotary kiln |
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| CN114646221A true CN114646221A (en) | 2022-06-21 |
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| CN202210273962.9A Pending CN114646221A (en) | 2022-03-20 | 2022-03-20 | Masonry method of high-temperature refractory material of rotary kiln |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11130485A (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 1999-05-18 | Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd | Panel for cement kiln and its execution method |
| CN201242345Y (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2009-05-20 | 韩亚伟 | Flared deformation kiln mouth |
| CN201242343Y (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2009-05-20 | 韩亚伟 | Front kiln mouth of rotary kiln |
| CN203231632U (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-10-09 | 滕州中联水泥有限公司 | Cement rotary kiln front kilneye structure |
| CN104913632A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-16 | 滕州中联水泥有限公司 | Protection plate of front kiln outlet of dry-method cement kiln and protection structure comprising same |
| CN106595315A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-04-26 | 通达耐火技术股份有限公司 | Cement rotary kiln mouth refractory construction method |
-
2022
- 2022-03-20 CN CN202210273962.9A patent/CN114646221A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11130485A (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 1999-05-18 | Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd | Panel for cement kiln and its execution method |
| CN201242345Y (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2009-05-20 | 韩亚伟 | Flared deformation kiln mouth |
| CN201242343Y (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2009-05-20 | 韩亚伟 | Front kiln mouth of rotary kiln |
| CN203231632U (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-10-09 | 滕州中联水泥有限公司 | Cement rotary kiln front kilneye structure |
| CN104913632A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-16 | 滕州中联水泥有限公司 | Protection plate of front kiln outlet of dry-method cement kiln and protection structure comprising same |
| CN106595315A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-04-26 | 通达耐火技术股份有限公司 | Cement rotary kiln mouth refractory construction method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王荣祥，任效乾: "矿山机电设备运用管理", 30 June 1994, 冶金工业出版社, pages: 165 - 166 * |
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