CN114644406A - Single-flow water purification process - Google Patents
Single-flow water purification process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114644406A CN114644406A CN202210272833.8A CN202210272833A CN114644406A CN 114644406 A CN114644406 A CN 114644406A CN 202210272833 A CN202210272833 A CN 202210272833A CN 114644406 A CN114644406 A CN 114644406A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-flow water purification process, which comprises the steps that raw water enters a pool, is separated by a separation membrane pipe, and clear water enters a clear water area through negative pressure water outlet at the end of the separation membrane pipe; a gas distribution mud separation partition plate is arranged below the separation membrane tube, a mud discharge filter head and an air-blast filter head are arranged on the gas distribution mud separation partition plate, sludge enters through holes in a filter cap of the mud discharge filter head, is discharged through a hole in a filter handle, is settled into a mud collection hopper and is discharged through a mud discharge tube; floating scum is converged into a scum overflow trough and is discharged through a scum overflow pipe; introducing gas with certain pressure into the separation membrane tube, and backwashing the separation membrane tube with water; gas with certain pressure is introduced into the pool, enters from the middle hole of the filter handle of the gas flushing filter head with water and is ejected from the hole on the filter cap, so that the granular rough surface body on the gas distribution mud separation partition plate collides with the separation membrane tube to remove the attached pollutants on the outer wall of the separation membrane tube. The invention can greatly reduce the investment cost; the construction period can be greatly shortened, and the water supply speed in production can be greatly advanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environment-friendly water supply and drainage treatment, in particular to a single-flow water purification process.
Background
At present, two water purification processes are generally adopted, one is a conventional process treatment technology, namely an old four-section conventional water treatment technology: in-water (raw water or turbid water) -adding medicine (adding a flocculant system) -mixing (mechanical or mixer mixing) -flocculation reaction (reaction tank device) -precipitation (sedimentation tank) -filtering (various filters) -effluent water (clear water) -resident users and other multi-process technologies. Its drawbacks and disadvantages are: the method has the advantages of multiple process sections, complex treatment, multiple structures, large occupied area, high construction cost, huge investment, long construction period, slow production, complex management, multiple operators, high operation and maintenance cost, low water yield, poor water quality and the like. The other is as follows: the treatment technology of dosing, mixing, reaction flocculation and membrane filtration comprises the following steps: water intake (raw water or turbid water) -chemical adding (adding a flocculant system) -mixing (mechanical or mixer mixing) -reaction flocculation (reaction tank device) -membrane filtration (generally a plastic composite membrane, namely an organic membrane) -effluent (clear water) -resident users and other multi-process technologies. Its drawbacks and disadvantages are: the method has the advantages of complex process, many structures, expensive membrane price, long service life (generally about 4 years for updating the membrane group), expensive engineering cost, huge investment, long construction period, slow production, complex management, necessity of regular chemical cleaning, inevitable serious influence on water quality, high operation and maintenance cost, short membrane service life, expensive replacement cost, influence on normal water supply, serious environmental pollution caused by chemical cleaning agents and replaced waste membranes, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single-flow water purification process, which cancels four processes of dosing, mixing, flocculation, sedimentation, clarification and the like in the traditional process, directly feeds turbid raw water into a tubular ceramic membrane water treatment tank, and performs single-flow negative pressure filtration or positive pressure filtration to achieve the purposes of obtaining clear water and removing sludge turbid water, thereby greatly reducing the investment cost; the construction period for constructing water purification engineering facilities can be greatly shortened, and the production and water supply speed can be greatly advanced; the construction period is shortened, and enterprise production economic benefit and social economic benefit can be generated; meanwhile, the addition of chemical agents is cancelled, so that by-products left by the chemical agents and additives in the drinking water are eliminated, and the long-term drinking of the drinking water causes recessive and increasing harm to human health, so that the drinking water returns to ecology and returns to nature; the drinking water is healthier and safer.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the single-flow water purification process comprises the following steps:
raw water enters the pool and is separated by the separation membrane tube, clear water enters the membrane tube, sludge water and scum are separated by the membrane tube, and the clear water enters a clear water area through negative pressure water outlet at the end of the separation membrane tube;
a gas distribution and mud isolation partition plate is arranged below the separation membrane tube, a mud discharge filter head and a gas flushing filter head are arranged on the gas distribution and mud isolation partition plate, the mud discharge filter head and the gas flushing filter head respectively comprise a filter cap and a filter handle, the filter cap is arranged above the gas distribution and mud isolation partition plate, the filter handle penetrates through the gas distribution and mud isolation partition plate downwards, sludge enters through holes in the filter cap of the mud discharge filter head, is discharged downwards through a middle hole in the filter handle, settles into a mud collecting hopper and is discharged through a mud discharge tube;
a scum overflow trough is arranged above the separation membrane pipe, and floating scum is gathered into the scum overflow trough and is discharged through a scum overflow pipe;
introducing gas with certain pressure into the separation membrane tube, and backflushing the separation membrane tube with water to remove pollutants in the membrane tube and through holes of the separation membrane tube;
gas with certain pressure is introduced into the pool, enters from the central hole of the filter handle of the air impact filter head with water, and is ejected from the hole on the filter cap, so that the granular rough surface body on the air distribution mud separation partition plate collides and rubs with the separation membrane tube, and the attached pollutants on the outer wall of the separation membrane tube are removed.
Preferably, the separation membrane is a ceramic membrane or a composite membrane.
Preferably, the clear water area is located in a space inside or outside the pool, the space is arranged by means of the inner wall or the outer wall of the pool and comprises a bottom plate and side plates, the top of the space is open, the water outlet ends of all the separation membrane tubes penetrate through the side plates or the pool wall, the joints of the tube walls and the side plates or the pool wall are sealed, or the space is a closed space, and the closed space is arranged by means of the inner wall or the outer wall of the pool and comprises a bottom plate, a top plate and side plates.
Preferably, a negative pressure suction pump is arranged in the clear water area, and clear water is pumped out by the negative pressure suction pump.
Preferably, the mud collecting hopper is positioned below the gas distribution mud separation plate, and the mud discharging pipe is positioned in the mud collecting hopper and is installed in a through manner.
Preferably, the operation of introducing the gas into the separation membrane tube is as follows: an air inlet area is arranged in the pool or outside the pool, and the air inlet end of the separation membrane tube is communicated with the air inlet area.
Preferably, the air inlet area is a closed space, the closed space is arranged by depending on the inner wall or the outer wall of the tank and comprises a bottom plate, a top plate and side plates, the air inlet ends of all the separation membrane tubes penetrate through the side plates or the tank wall, and the joints of the tube walls and the side plates or the tank wall are sealed.
Preferably, the operation of introducing the gas only into the holes in the filter handle of the gas impact filter head is as follows: the hole site in the filter handle of the mud discharging filter head is lower than the hole site in the filter handle of the air impact filter head, an air distribution layer is formed between the bottom of the air distribution mud separation partition plate and the hole site in the filter handle of the air impact filter head, the tank body is provided with an air inlet pipeline, and air is fed into the range of the air distribution layer by the air inlet pipeline.
Preferably, the size of the granular rough surface body is larger than the size of the holes on the filter caps of the sludge discharge filter head and the air impact filter head.
Preferably, the first 3 steps are sludge discharging steps, the last 2 steps are backwashing steps, the sludge discharging step and the backwashing step are started simultaneously, or the sludge discharging step is started, the backwashing step is closed, or the sludge discharging step is closed, and the backwashing step is started.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. four processes of dosing, mixing, flocculation, sedimentation and clarification and the like in the traditional process are cancelled, turbid raw water is directly fed into a tubular ceramic membrane treatment tank for single-flow negative pressure filtration or positive pressure filtration, so that the purposes of obtaining clear water and removing sludge and turbid water are achieved, and the investment cost can be greatly reduced; the construction period for constructing water purification engineering facilities can be greatly shortened, and the production and water supply speed can be greatly advanced; shortening the construction period can produce the production economic benefit and the social economic benefit.
2. The method has great adaptability to the change of the turbidity of raw water, and avoids the requirement of timely adjusting the adding amount of the flocculating agent in the traditional water purification process.
3. The water purifying device has great adaptability to seasonal temperature and seasonal climate change, and avoids the requirement that the traditional water purifying process adjusts the water inflow and the addition and reduction of the flocculating agent in time in the seasonal climate change.
4. In the traditional water treatment process technology, the addition of chemical agents is cancelled, the byproducts of the chemical agents and various additives left in the drinking water are eliminated, and the drinking water is ecological and natural due to the fact that the drinking water is hidden and increasingly harmed to human health after being drunk for a long time; the drinking water is healthier and safer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a single-pass water purification process.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-pass water purification system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure inside the raw water treatment zone and biased to the view angle of the air intake zone.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure inside the raw water treatment zone and biased to the view angle of the clear water zone.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view showing the interior of the fresh water region and the air intake region.
Fig. 6 is a front view of the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: a raw water treatment area 1, a raw water inlet pipeline 101, a separation membrane pipe 102, a separation membrane pipe water outlet end 1021, a separation membrane pipe air inlet end 1022, an air distribution mud separation partition plate 103, a mud discharge filter head 104, a mud discharge filter cap 1041, a mud discharge filter handle 1042, an air flushing filter head 105, an air flushing filter cap 1051, an air flushing filter handle 1052, a granular rough surface body 106, a mud collecting hopper 107, a mud discharge pipe 108, a mud discharge valve 1081, a scum overflow trough 109, a scum overflow trough 110, an air inlet pipeline 111, an air flushing control valve 1111, a water distribution plate 112 and a connecting piece 113;
a clear water area 2, a negative pressure suction pump 201, a water outlet pipeline 202 and a water outlet valve 203;
an air inlet area 3, an air inlet branch pipe 301, an air inlet main pipe 302 and a back washing control valve 303;
a tank body 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the structures or terms used herein. The description is given for the sake of example only, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left" and "right", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the positions or elements referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and be operated, and thus are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "fixed" are to be understood broadly, for example, "fixed" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
The invention discloses a single-flow water purification process, which comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
s1: raw water enters the pool, is separated by the separation membrane tube, clear water enters the membrane tube, sludge and floating slag are separated by the membrane tube, the clear water enters the clear water area through the water outlet end of the separation membrane tube, is pumped by the built-in pump and is sent to a clear water reservoir or a water storage pool and a user along with a pipeline;
s2: a gas distribution and mud isolation partition plate is arranged below the separation membrane tube, a mud discharge filter head and a gas flushing filter head are arranged on the gas distribution and mud isolation partition plate, the mud discharge filter head and the gas flushing filter head respectively comprise a filter cap and a filter handle, the filter cap is arranged above the gas distribution and mud isolation partition plate, the filter handle penetrates through the gas distribution and mud isolation partition plate downwards, sludge enters through holes in the filter cap of the mud discharge filter head, is discharged downwards through a middle hole in the filter handle, settles into a mud collecting hopper and is discharged through a mud discharge tube;
s3: a scum overflow trough is arranged above the separation membrane tube, and air and water impact the granular rough surface body to rub the surface layer of the separation membrane tube, so that pollutants fall off and form a scum layer, the scum layer is converged into the scum overflow trough, and the scum layer is discharged through the scum overflow trough;
s4: introducing gas with certain pressure into the separation membrane tube, reversely flushing the separation membrane tube with clear water at the same time, flushing and extruding the pollutants permeated into micropores of the membrane wall to a raw water treatment area outside the membrane wall, and simultaneously, passing through the through hole of the separation membrane tube;
s5: gas with certain pressure is introduced into the tank, enters from the middle hole of the filter handle of the gas flushing filter head together with clear water, and is ejected from the hole on the filter cap, so that the granular rough surface body on the gas distribution mud separation partition plate collides and rubs with the separation membrane tube, and the attached pollutants on the outer wall of the separation membrane tube are removed.
The four process sections of dosing, mixing, flocculation and sedimentation clarification in the traditional process are cancelled, turbid raw water is directly fed into a tubular ceramic membrane water treatment tank for single-flow negative pressure filtration or positive pressure filtration, the purposes of obtaining clear water and removing sludge turbid water are achieved, and the investment cost can be greatly reduced; the construction period for constructing water purification engineering facilities can be greatly shortened, and the production and water supply speed can be greatly advanced; shortening the construction period can produce economic benefits and social and economic benefits of production projects. Moreover, the method has great adaptability to the change of the turbidity of raw water, and avoids the requirement that the adding amount of a flocculating agent is required to be adjusted in time in the traditional water purification process; the water purifying device has great adaptability to seasonal temperature and seasonal climate change, and avoids the requirement that the traditional water purifying process adjusts the water inflow and the addition and reduction of the flocculating agent in time under the seasonal climate change. Meanwhile, the water treatment process technology cancels the addition of chemical agents, eliminates the byproducts of the chemical agents and various additives left in the drinking water, causes hidden and increasing harm to human health after long-term drinking, and enables the drinking water to return to ecology and nature; the drinking water is healthier and safer.
In a specific embodiment, steps S1 to S3 are mud discharging steps, steps S4 to S5 are backwashing steps, the mud discharging step and the backwashing step are simultaneously started, or the mud discharging step is started, the backwashing step is closed, or the mud discharging step is closed, and the backwashing step is started.
The invention also discloses a single-pass water purification system, as shown in fig. 2-6, comprising a raw water treatment area 1, a clear water area 2 and an air inlet area 3, wherein the raw water treatment area 1 is provided with a raw water inlet pipeline 11, the raw water treatment area 1 is horizontally paved with a separation membrane tube 102, the clear water area 2 is communicated with the water outlet end 1021 of the separation membrane tube, an air distribution mud separation partition plate 103 is arranged below the separation membrane tube 102, a mud discharge filter head 104 and an air flushing filter head 105 are distributed on the air distribution mud separation partition plate 103, the mud discharge filter head 104 and the air flushing filter head 105 both comprise a filter cap and a filter handle, the filter cap is positioned above the air distribution mud separation partition plate 103, the filter handle passes through the air distribution mud separation partition plate 13 downwards, a granular rough surface body 106 is paved on the air distribution mud separation partition plate 103, a mud collecting hopper 107 is arranged below, a mud discharge pipe 108 for discharging mud to the outside is arranged in the mud collecting hopper 107, a scum overflow groove 109 is arranged above the separation membrane tube 102, the scum overflow groove 109 is communicated with a scum overflow pipe 110 for discharging scum to the outside, the air inlet area is communicated with the air inlet end 1022 of the separation membrane pipe, and the raw water treatment area 1 is provided with an air inlet pipeline 111 for introducing air to the hole on the filter handle of the air impact filter head 105.
In some embodiments, the raw water treatment zone 1 is located in the tank body 4, the clean water zone 2 is a space inside or outside the tank, the space is arranged by the inner wall or the outer wall of the tank and comprises a bottom plate and a side plate, the top of the space is open, the water outlet ends 1021 of all the separation membrane tubes penetrate through the side plate or the tank wall, the joints of the tube walls and the side plate or the tank wall are sealed, or the space is a closed space, and the closed space is arranged by the inner wall or the outer wall of the tank and comprises a bottom plate, a top plate and a side plate. That is, when the clean water area 2 is arranged outside the tank, the water outlet ends 1021 of all the separation membrane tubes penetrate through the side plates, the joints of the tube walls and the side plates are sealed, and when the clean water area 2 is arranged outside the tank, the water outlet ends 1021 of all the separation membrane tubes penetrate through the tank wall, the joints of the tube walls and the tank wall are sealed, and the end seal can be square, rectangular or circular.
As a specific embodiment, the height of the clean water zone 2 can be from the top of the tank to the bottom of the tank, or from the position of the separation membrane tube 102 to the bottom of the tank. Of course, the two forms are only possible descriptions, and the height, width and length of the clear water zone are not limited herein and can be designed according to the amount of treated water.
In a specific embodiment, a negative pressure suction pump 201 is arranged in the clean water area 2, the negative pressure suction pump 201 is connected with an outlet pipe 202, and the outlet pipe 202 is provided with an outlet water valve 203. Raw water is separated by the separation membrane tube 102, clean water enters the membrane tube under negative pressure, sludge and scum are separated outside by the membrane tube, and the clean water enters the clean water area 2 through the water outlet end 1021 of the separation membrane tube and is pumped by the negative pressure suction pump 201 to be sent to a clean water reservoir or a water storage pool and a user along with a pipeline.
As a specific embodiment, the raw water inlet pipe 101 is positioned above the separation membrane pipe 102. A water distribution plate 112 is arranged below the mouth of the raw water inlet pipeline, and the water distribution plate 112 is fixed below the mouth of the raw water inlet pipeline through a connecting piece 113. The raw water is uniformly distributed between the separation membrane tubes 102 by the water distribution plate 112.
The separation membrane tube 102 is used to separate raw water. As a specific embodiment, the separation membrane adopts a ceramic membrane or a composite membrane. The wall of the ceramic membrane or the composite membrane is densely distributed with micropores, raw water flows outside the membrane tube under the action of pressure, water, inorganic salt and small molecular substances permeate the membrane, and suspended substances, microorganisms, glue, macromolecular substances and the like are intercepted by the membrane, so that the purposes of separation, concentration, purification, environmental protection and the like are achieved. The ceramic membrane or the composite membrane has the advantages of high separation efficiency, stable effect, good chemical stability, acid and alkali resistance, organic solvent resistance, bacteria resistance, high temperature resistance, durability, pollution resistance, high mechanical strength, good regeneration performance, simple separation process, low energy consumption, simple and convenient operation and maintenance, long service life and the like.
The air distribution and mud separation partition plate 103 serves as a support plate for mounting the mud discharge filter head 104 and the air flush filter head 105, and serves as a means for spreading the granular rough surface body 106. In some embodiments, the air distribution mud separation plate 103 is horizontally fixed on the inner wall of the tank, and a gap for allowing the granular rough surface body 106 to fall is not formed between the plane of the air distribution mud separation plate 103 and the inner wall of the tank. In a specific embodiment, the gap between the air distribution mud separation partition plate 103 and the inner wall of the tank is smaller than the size of the granular rough surface body 106. The granular rough surface bodies 106 distributed on the air distribution mud separation partition plate 103 are prevented from falling below the air distribution mud separation partition plate 103.
The sludge discharge head 104 is used for discharging sludge. In some embodiments, the mud filter head 104 includes a mud filter cap 1041 and a mud filter handle 1042, the mud filter handle 1042 facing vertically downward. The number of the sludge discharge filter heads 104 is arranged according to the design requirement and is uniformly distributed, so that the sludge in each area of the gas distribution and mud separation partition plate 103 can be discharged through the sludge discharge filter heads 104. The sludge discharge filter head 104 is a common filter head on the market, is formed by injection molding of ABS engineering plastics, and has the advantages of reasonable structure, firm connection, high bearing strength, no deformation of gaps, and long handle generally larger than 150mm or is determined according to the scale of water treatment quantity.
The sludge separated by the separation membrane tube 102 settles down to the gas distribution mud separation partition plate 103, enters the mud discharging filter handle 1042 through the holes and gaps on the mud discharging filter cap 1041, flows out from the holes, gaps and end orifices on the filter handle, and settles down to the mud collecting hopper 107. In some embodiments, air can also be supplied to the sludge discharge filter head 104, that is, the air enters from the filter handle and is ejected from the filter cap, and the holes and the gaps of the sludge discharge filter head 104 are easily blocked under long-term use, so that the holes and the gaps are unobstructed through air-water backwashing, and the sludge discharge function is recovered.
The mud collection hopper 107 is used for accumulating settled mud. In some embodiments, the mud collecting hopper 107 has a groove in the middle and slopes on both sides, so that the mud discharged from the mud discharging filter head 104 sinks onto the slope and into the groove, and then slides down and accumulates into the groove, thereby facilitating the discharge of the mud discharging pipe 108.
The sludge discharge pipe 108 is used for discharging the sludge out of the tank. In some embodiments, the mud pipe 108 is disposed in the groove, and is installed throughout, and one end of the pipe is closed, and the other end of the pipe extends out of the tank body wall and is connected to a mud valve 1081. The sludge valve 1081 is opened, and the sludge in the sludge discharge pipe 108 is discharged through the sludge valve 1081. The structure and the principle of sludge discharge belong to the prior art, and reference can be made to the patent and literature of the disclosed sludge discharge device.
The air-blast filter head 105 is used for air-water backwashing. In some embodiments, the air impingement head 105 includes an air impingement cap 1051 and an air impingement handle 1052, with the air impingement handle 1052 facing vertically downward. The positions of the holes and the gaps on the sludge discharging filter handle 1042 are lower than the positions of the holes in the air flushing filter handle 1052, an air distribution layer is formed between the bottom of the air distribution mud separation partition plate 103 and the positions of the holes on the air flushing filter handle 1052, and air is fed into the range of the air distribution layer through the air inlet pipeline 111. Wherein, the small holes and the gaps on the sludge discharge filter head and the air-blast filter head and the hole openings at the tail end of the filter handle are collectively called as holes. In a specific embodiment, the sludge discharging filter rod 1042 is longer than the air flushing filter rod 1052, the hole on the sludge discharging filter rod 1042 is below the air flushing filter rod 1052, the air distribution and separation partition plate 103 is a flat plate, and the air distribution layer is between the bottom of the air distribution and separation partition plate 103 and the bottom of the air flushing filter rod 1052. The number of air-jet filter heads 105 is not limited, and the distribution mode is preferably uniform, so that each area has air water for injection. The air impact filter head 105 is a common filter head in the market, is formed by injection molding of ABS engineering plastics, and has the advantages of reasonable structure, firm connection, high bearing strength and no deformation of gaps.
Some micropores on the pipe wall of the separation membrane pipe working for a long time can be blocked by sludge, if the separation membrane pipe is not cleaned in time, the permeation flux can be reduced, the separation performance is reduced, and the water treatment efficiency is reduced or lowered. During back flushing, air enters the air distribution layer through the air inlet pipeline 111, and air and water can simultaneously enter from holes, gaps and end orifices on the filter handle of the air flushing filter head and are ejected from the gaps on the filter cap of the air flushing filter head to strongly flush and clean peripheral membrane pieces. The positions of the holes and the gaps on the filter handle of the sludge discharge filter head are lower than the positions of the holes and the gaps on the filter handle of the air-jet filter head, and the air distribution layer is arranged between the bottom of the air distribution mud separation partition plate 103 and the positions of the holes and the gaps on the filter handle of the air-jet filter head, so that the air-water back flushing does not influence the sludge discharge of the sludge discharge filter head 104.
The granular rough surface body 106 is used for colliding and rubbing the separation membrane tube 102 on one hand, so that the attached pollutants accumulated on the outer wall of the separation membrane tube 102 are removed and fall off. On the other hand, the sludge distributing device is used for scattering sludge settled on the gas distribution mud separation partition plate 103, so that the sludge is lifted and fully discharged by the sludge discharge filter head 104.
In some embodiments, the size of the granular scalenohedron 106 is larger than the size of the holes in the caps of the sludge discharge filter head 104 and the air impact filter head 105, so that the granular scalenohedron 106 does not follow the sludge discharge filter head 104 and the air impact filter head 105 and does not cause clogging of the sludge discharge filter head 104 and the air impact filter head 105. The number of the granular asperities 106 is not limited, but the number does not affect the sludge discharge of the sludge discharge head 104. The surface of the granular rough surface body 106 is rough, so that the friction between the granular rough surface body and the separation membrane tube 102 can be increased, and the capability of removing the attached layer on the outer wall of the separation membrane tube 102 is improved. In some embodiments, the grained surface bodies 106 are spheres that roll easily. Of course, the granular asperities 106 can have other shapes such as rings, polyhedrons or irregular shapes.
The separation membrane tube 102 working for a long time can also accumulate sludge and impurities on the outer wall of the tube to form an adhesion layer, and the adhesion layer is not easy to drop, so that not only the micropores are repeatedly blocked, but also the pressure bearing of the separation membrane tube 102 is increased. During back flushing, gas with certain pressure enters the gas distribution layer 1053 through the gas inlet pipeline 111, and gas and water can simultaneously enter from holes and gaps on the filter handle of the gas flushing filter head and are ejected from the gaps on the filter cap of the gas flushing filter head, so that the granular rough surface body 106 on the gas distribution mud separation partition plate 103 rolls and jumps, collides and rubs with the separation membrane tube 102, and an adhesion layer on the outer wall of the separation membrane tube 102 falls off, thereby achieving the purpose of removing pollutants adhered to the outer wall of the separation membrane tube 102.
The gas inlet area 3 is used for delivering gas with certain pressure into the separation membrane tube 102, and the gas pressure can be adjusted. In some embodiments, the air intake area 3 is a closed space arranged inside or outside the tank, the closed space is arranged by means of the inner wall or the outer wall of the tank and comprises a bottom plate, a top plate and side plates, the air intake ends of all the separation membrane tubes penetrate through the side plates or the tank wall, the joints of the tube walls and the side plates or the tank wall are sealed, the air intake area 3 is connected with the air intake branch tubes 301, the air intake branch tubes 301 are connected with the air intake main tube 302, the air intake branch tubes 302 are provided with air-water back-flushing control valves 303, and the air intake speed and the air intake flow are controlled by the air-water back-flushing control valves 303.
In a specific embodiment, the air inlet port of the separation membrane tube is sealed when the water and sludge are discharged, or the air inlet area 3 is filled with air, and the air pressure is greater than the water pressure in the separation membrane tube, so that the clean water is prevented from flowing out from the air inlet end of the separation membrane tube 102.
As a specific embodiment, the inlet section 3 is replaced with an inlet conduit, even though the inlet end 1022 of the separator tube is directly connected to the inlet conduit. As a specific embodiment, the height of the gas inlet section 3 covers the gas inlet ends of all the separation membrane tubes 102. Of course, the height, width and length of the air intake zone are not limited herein and may be designed as desired. The gas in the gas inlet area 3 enters the separation membrane tube 102, and the gas and the water in the tank are simultaneously ejected from the micropores under certain air pressure, so that the gas-water backwashing is realized, the purpose of cleaning the through holes is achieved, and the separation performance of the separation membrane tube 102 is recovered.
In one embodiment, the water outlet end 1021 and the air inlet end 1022 are respectively located at two opposite ends of the separation membrane tube 102, and the clean water zone 2 and the air inlet zone 3 are respectively located at two sides of the raw water treatment zone 1.
The gas inlet pipe 111 is used for conveying gas with certain pressure in the raw water treatment area 1, and the gas pressure is adjustable. In a specific embodiment, the air inlet 111 is provided with an air blast control valve 1111, and the air inlet 111 is an air inlet branch pipe connected to the air inlet main pipe 302. The air inlet speed and the air inlet flow are controlled by the air blast control valve 1111.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The single-flow water purification process comprises the following steps:
raw water enters the tank and is separated by the separation membrane tube, clear water enters the membrane tube, sludge water and floating slag are separated by the membrane tube, and the clear water enters a clear water area through negative pressure water outlet at the end of the separation membrane tube;
a gas distribution mud separation partition plate is arranged below the separation membrane tube, a mud discharge filter head and a gas flushing filter head are arranged on the gas distribution mud separation partition plate, the mud discharge filter head and the gas flushing filter head respectively comprise a filter cap and a filter handle, the filter cap is arranged above the gas distribution mud separation partition plate, the filter handle penetrates through the gas distribution mud separation partition plate and faces downwards, sludge enters through holes in the filter cap of the mud discharge filter head, is discharged downwards through a hole in the filter handle, is settled into a mud collection hopper and then is discharged through a mud discharge tube;
a scum overflow trough is arranged above the separation membrane tube, and floating scum is gathered into the scum overflow trough and is discharged through a scum overflow pipe;
introducing gas with certain pressure into the separation membrane tube, and backflushing the separation membrane tube with water to remove pollutants in the membrane tube and through holes of the separation membrane tube;
gas with certain pressure is introduced into the pool, enters from the central hole of the filter handle of the air impact filter head with water, and is ejected from the hole on the filter cap, so that the granular rough surface body on the air distribution mud separation partition plate collides and rubs with the separation membrane tube, and the attached pollutants on the outer wall of the separation membrane tube are removed.
2. The single pass water purification process of claim 1, wherein: the separation membrane is a ceramic membrane or a composite membrane.
3. The single pass water purification process of claim 1, wherein: the clear water area is arranged in a space in the pond or outside the pond, the space is arranged by depending on the inner wall or the outer wall of the pond and comprises a bottom plate and side plates, the top of the space is open, the water outlet ends of all the separation membrane tubes penetrate through the side plates or the pond wall, the joints of the tube walls and the side plates or the pond wall are sealed, or the space is a closed space, and the closed space is arranged by depending on the inner wall or the outer wall of the pond and comprises a bottom plate, a top plate and side plates.
4. The single pass water purification process of claim 1, wherein: the clear water area is internally provided with a negative pressure suction pump, and clear water is pumped out by the negative pressure suction pump.
5. The single-pass water purification process of claim 1, wherein: the mud collecting bucket is positioned below the gas distribution mud separation plate, and the mud discharging pipe is positioned in the mud collecting bucket and is installed in a through long way.
6. The single-pass water purification process of claim 1, wherein: the operation of introducing gas into the separation membrane tube is as follows: an air inlet area is arranged in the pool or outside the pool, and the air inlet end of the separation membrane tube is communicated with the air inlet area.
7. The single pass water purification process of claim 6, wherein: the air inlet area is a closed space which is arranged by depending on the inner wall or the outer wall of the tank and comprises a bottom plate, a top plate and side plates, the air inlet ends of all the separation membrane tubes penetrate through the side plates or the tank wall, and the joints of the tube walls and the side plates or the tank wall are sealed.
8. The single pass water purification process of claim 1, wherein: the operation that the gas only enters the filter handle hole of the gas flushing filter head is as follows: the hole site in the filter handle of the mud discharging filter head is lower than the hole site in the filter handle of the air impact filter head, an air distribution layer is formed between the bottom of the air distribution mud separation partition plate and the hole site in the filter handle of the air impact filter head, the tank body is provided with an air inlet pipeline, and air is fed into the range of the air distribution layer by the air inlet pipeline.
9. The single pass water purification process of claim 1, wherein: the size of the granular rough surface body is larger than the size of the holes on the filter caps of the sludge discharge filter head and the air impact filter head.
10. The single pass water purification process of claim 1, wherein: the first 3 steps are mud discharging steps, the last 2 steps are back washing steps, the mud discharging step and the back washing step are started simultaneously, or the mud discharging step is started, the back washing step is closed, or the mud discharging step is closed, and the back washing step is started.
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| CN202210272833.8A CN114644406A (en) | 2022-03-18 | 2022-03-18 | Single-flow water purification process |
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