CN114643671B - Environment-friendly grease-adsorbing wiping cloth capable of being efficiently adsorbed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly grease-adsorbing wiping cloth capable of being efficiently adsorbed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114643671B CN114643671B CN202210144189.6A CN202210144189A CN114643671B CN 114643671 B CN114643671 B CN 114643671B CN 202210144189 A CN202210144189 A CN 202210144189A CN 114643671 B CN114643671 B CN 114643671B
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- polylactic acid
- wiping cloth
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- friendly
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 114
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 114
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 104
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 70
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000009814 Luffa aegyptiaca Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane Substances CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-Acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002674 hyaluronan Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003160 hyaluronic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 tetrahydrodifluoro Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- ZXLOSLWIGFGPIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-methyl-1,2-dihydroimidazol-1-ium;acetate Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCN1CN(C)C=C1 ZXLOSLWIGFGPIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QKIUAMUSENSFQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylazanide Chemical compound C[N-]C QKIUAMUSENSFQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000280244 Luffa acutangula Species 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920006237 degradable polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 31
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- 244000302544 Luffa aegyptiaca Species 0.000 description 25
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 4
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000221931 Hypomyces rosellus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000003956 Luffa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000219138 Luffa Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/10—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools characterised by the type of cleaning tool
- B08B1/14—Wipes; Absorbent members, e.g. swabs or sponges
- B08B1/143—Wipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B11/00—Making preforms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B11/00—Making preforms
- B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
- B29B11/16—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition comprising fillers or reinforcement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
- B29B13/06—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
- D01F6/625—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters derived from hydroxy-carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/435—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an environment-friendly efficient grease adsorption wiping cloth and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method is characterized in that an environment-friendly degradable polymer material and natural cellulose are selected as raw materials of the wiping cloth, and electrostatic spinning, freeze-drying and hot-pressing technologies are combined to prepare the environment-friendly industrial wiping cloth with multi-level holes inside.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of preparation of porous fiber oil absorption materials, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly biomass modified efficient oil absorption wiping cloth and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous progress and rapid development of the industry in China, the yields of various engineering machinery, vehicles and ships are increased year by year, the requirements for grease such as engine oil, lubricating oil and the like are increased, and the yield of waste grease is huge. In order to treat waste oil, most of the waste oil is burned after being recycled, which not only causes environmental pollution, but also excites the energy crisis of China, so that reasonable waste oil treatment becomes a great subject to be solved urgently.
The adsorption method has been widely developed due to the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, convenient operation, etc., and the adsorption material can adsorb oil stains into holes in the material, and the oil stains are recovered by various post-treatment methods later, so that the economic benefit is further improved. At present, the oil absorbing materials used in industry mainly adopt synthetic oil absorbing materials, such as wood pulp spunlaced nonwoven oil absorbing cotton, melt-blown polymer oil absorbing felt, modified polyacrylonitrile oil absorbing foam and the like. Wherein, the wood pulp spunlaced nonwoven oil absorption cotton has poor toughness, and the wood pulp is easy to drop; most of melt-blown polymer oil-absorbing felt adopts traditional petroleum-based polymers, so that the cost is high, the problems of petrochemical resource consumption, difficult degradation and the like exist, and the discarded oil-absorbing felt also causes pollution to the environment; the modified polyacrylonitrile oil-absorbing foam has poor mechanical properties, is easy to produce oil-absorbing byproducts, is not easy to carry and has high price. In order to improve the problems of mechanical properties and portability, researchers have proposed a reliable idea of industrial oil absorbing wipes. The industrial oil absorption wiping cloth does not occupy space, has strong oil absorption capability, does not fall off fuzzes and generate static electricity, can be matched with liquid such as solvent and the like for use, and has wide application prospect.
At present, three production methods of industrial oil absorption wiping cloth exist: (1) The melt-blown oil absorption wiping cloth is mainly produced by adopting a polypropylene material, and the polypropylene material is not easy to degrade in the use process, so that the discarded melt-blown oil absorption wiping cloth can pollute the environment; (2) The wood pulp spunlaced wiping cloth is usually a single-layer disposable spunlaced non-woven fabric, has poor toughness and is easy to deform, and the wood pulp spunlaced wiping cloth has poor oil absorption property when wiping grease liquid, is not cleaned cleanly, and is not convenient for industrial use; (3) The electrostatic spinning wiping cloth has smaller fiber diameter and poorer mechanical property, is easy to be broken or chip to fall in the process of repeated use, and is not beneficial to industrial application.
Therefore, the industrial wiping cloth which has high oil adsorptivity, degradability, light weight, no dust generation and environmental friendliness and the preparation method thereof are of great significance for waste oil treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an environment-friendly type efficient grease adsorption wiping cloth and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method is characterized in that an environment-friendly degradable polymer material and natural cellulose are selected as raw materials of the wiping cloth, and an electrostatic spinning technology, a freeze-drying technology and a hot-pressing technology are combined to prepare the environment-friendly type industrial wiping cloth with multi-level holes inside.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the environment-friendly wiping cloth capable of efficiently adsorbing grease is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding polylactic acid into an N, N-dimethylformamide solvent, and stirring and mixing to obtain polylactic acid spinning precursor liquid;
step 2: carrying out electrostatic spinning on the polylactic acid spinning precursor solution prepared in the step 1 to obtain a polylactic acid nanofiber membrane and storing the polylactic acid nanofiber membrane under the condition of room temperature;
step 3: cutting the polylactic acid nanofiber membrane prepared in the step 2 into small blocks, putting the small blocks into a high-speed stirrer, adding deionized water solution, and stirring at a high speed to obtain a suspension;
step 4: transferring the suspension obtained in the step 3 into a container, adding the loofah sponge short fibers, wherein the mass ratio of the loofah sponge short fibers to the polylactic acid is (1:9) - (4:6), adding an adhesive, stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment, then putting into a refrigerator for freezing, and then putting a sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying in a dark place to obtain a spongy sample;
step 5: and (3) hot-press molding the spongy sample obtained by freeze-drying in the step (4) to obtain the wiping cloth with different oil absorption contents.
Further, the solvent in the step 1 is one or more of deionized water, ethanol, acetone, chloroform, dichloromethane, ethanol, N-dimethylacetamide, carbon tetrachloride, N-hexane, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, paraformaldehyde, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrodifluoro, dimethylamide, lithium chloride, dimethylacetamide, sodium hydroxide, urea and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate.
Further, the adhesive in the step 4 is a water-soluble polymer: one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, hyaluronic acid, sodium alginate, gelatin, chitosan, starch and dextrin.
Further, the concentration of the polylactic acid spinning precursor solution obtained in the step 1 is 5% -20%.
Further, the voltage used in the electrostatic spinning in the step 2 is 8-30 kV, the distance between the injector and the corresponding aluminum foil is 10-25 cm, the propulsion speed of the propulsion pump is 0.6-5 mL/h, the ambient temperature is 30 ℃, and the humidity is 50%.
Further, in the step 2, the polylactic acid nanofiber membrane is stored for 24 hours under the condition of room temperature.
Further, the polylactic acid nanofiber membrane cut in the step 3 has a small block size of 1X 1cm 2 。
Further, the ultrasonic treatment time of the step 4 is 30 minutes, and the freezing time of the product in a refrigerator is 24-48 hours.
Further, the freezing temperature in the step 4 is-10 to-35 ℃, and the freeze drying time is 24-48 hours.
Further, the hot press plate temperature of the hot press molding in the step 5 is 200-350 ℃ and the pressure is 150kg/m 2 。
An environment-friendly grease-adsorbing efficient wiping cloth is prepared by the preparation method.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the preparation method provided by the invention, the environment-friendly degradable polymer material and the natural cellulose are selected as raw materials of the wiping cloth, and the electrostatic spinning, freeze-drying and hot-pressing technology are combined to prepare the environment-friendly industrial wiping cloth with the inner multistage holes, so that the preparation method is simple, the structure is controllable, the raw material sources are wide, the production cost is low, and the industrial application prospect is good.
2. The industrial wiping cloth prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention is characterized in that the water-soluble components in the selected biomass loofah sponge short fibers are fully dissolved in deionized water to form a dilute solution, and the deionized water sublimates in the freeze drying process to obtain the biomass spider web fibers with the diameter of less than 10 nanometers. The micro-level vegetable sponge short fibers, the nano-level electrostatic spinning polylactic acid fibers and the spider web fibers construct multi-level pores, so that the oil adsorption efficiency and the mechanical property are effectively improved.
3. The preparation method provided by the invention starts from the structural design of the biodegradable material, combines the electrostatic spinning and freeze-drying technology, constructs the ultra-low density three-dimensional sponge with micro-nano multi-level pores by regulating and controlling the composition and processing parameters of the micro-level luffa short fibers and the nano-level electrostatic spinning polylactic acid fibers, and obtains the industrial wiping cloth with the high interpenetrating network structure by hot pressing. The wiping cloth has the technical effects of high-efficiency oil adsorption, degradability, light weight, no dust generation, environmental friendliness, convenience in storage, easiness in carrying and the like.
Through tests, the wiping cloth can adsorb 4000-6000% of organic oil by weight, has good adsorption effect on common grease such as peanut oil, petroleum, normal hexane, cyclohexane, alcohol and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of industrial grease wiping, oily wastewater treatment and the like due to simple process flow and easy adjustment of process parameters, and the prepared material has light weight, high porosity and large specific surface area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a photomicrograph of the topography of a wipe of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a photomicrograph of the topography of the wipe of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a photomicrograph of the topography of the wipe of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a photomicrograph of the topography of the wipe of example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the adsorption capacity of the oil according to the comparative example and examples 1 to 3.
FIG. 7 shows the adsorption capacities of the comparative example and example 2 of the present invention for various organic matters.
Fig. 8 is an optical photograph of grease adsorption by the wiper provided in example 2 of the present invention (n-hexane solution in the dropper).
Detailed Description
The methods provided by the present invention will be further explained and illustrated in detail in this section with reference to specific examples. It should be noted that the examples provided in this section do not limit the scope of the present invention; insubstantial changes made on the basis of this embodiment are the same as those of this embodiment.
Comparative example
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide into a beaker 1, and stirring for 6 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 10%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step 1, and injecting the solution into the injector 1 by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 15cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 1mL/h; simultaneously controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain polylactic acid fibers, and preserving the polylactic acid fibers at room temperature for 24 hours;
step 3: 1.0g of the polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step 2 was measured, and the fiber film was cut into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform polyvinyl alcohol solution as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 220deg.C under 150kg/m 2 The microstructure of the obtained wiping cloth is shown in figure 2, and the 3D polylactic acid can be seen to have a nanofiber form and generate a plurality of micropores.
Example 1
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide into a beaker 1, and stirring for 6 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 10%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 obtained in the step 1, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 15cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 1mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.8g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step 2, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform polyvinyl alcohol solution as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.2g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 220deg.C under 150kg/m 2 The microstructure of the obtained wiping cloth is shown in figure 3, and it can be seen that after a small amount of short fiber of retinervus Luffae fructus is added, polylactic acid/retinervus Luffae fructus is obtainedNetwork-0.2 may achieve a small amount of "cobweb" along the fiber boundaries.
Example 2
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide into a beaker 1, and stirring for 6 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 10%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step A, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 15cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 1mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.7g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step B, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform polyvinyl alcohol solution as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.3g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 220deg.C under 150kg/m 2 The microstructure of the obtained wiping cloth is shown in figure 4, and it can be seen that as the content of the short fiber of the loofah sponge increases, more cobweb structures are formed among the fibers by polylactic acid/loofah sponge-0.3, and the multistage internal holes are more beneficial to oil adsorption.
Example 3
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide into a beaker 1, and stirring for 6 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 10%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step A, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 15cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 1mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.6g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step B, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform polyvinyl alcohol solution as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.4g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 220deg.C under 150kg/m 2 The morphology of the obtained wiping cloth is shown in figure 5, and it can be seen that when the content of the short fiber of the loofah sponge is excessive, the microporous structure of the polylactic acid/the loofah sponge-0.4 disappears, and only the cobweb structure is left.
Example 4
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide into a beaker 1, and stirring for 6 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 5%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step A, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 8kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 10cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.6mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.9g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step B, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform polyvinyl alcohol solution as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.1g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 200deg.C under 150kg/m 2 Hot press molding under the condition of (2) to obtain the wiping cloth.
Example 5
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide into a beaker 1, and stirring for 6 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 5%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step A, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 8kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 10cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.6mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.8g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step B, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform polyvinyl alcohol solution as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.2g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 200deg.C under 150kg/m 2 Hot press molding under the condition of (2) to obtain the wiping cloth.
Example 6
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide into a beaker 1, and stirring for 6 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 5%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step A, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 8kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 10cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.6mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.7g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step B, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform polyvinyl alcohol solution as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.3g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 200deg.C under 150kg/m 2 Hot press molding under the condition of (2) to obtain the wiping cloth.
Example 7
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide into a beaker 1, and stirring for 6 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 5%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step A, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 8kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 10cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.6mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.6g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step B, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform polyvinyl alcohol solution as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.4g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 200deg.C under 150kg/m 2 Hot press molding under the condition of (2) to obtain the wiping cloth.
Example 8
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide into a beaker 1, and stirring for 6 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 20%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step A, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 30kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 25cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 5mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.9g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step B, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform polyvinyl alcohol solution as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.1g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 350deg.C under 150kg/m 2 Hot press molding under the condition of (2) to obtain the wiping cloth.
Example 9
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide into a beaker 1, and stirring for 6 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 20%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step A, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 30kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 25cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 5mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.8g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step B, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform polyvinyl alcohol solution as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.2g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 350deg.C under 150kg/m 2 Hot press molding under the condition of (2) to obtain the wiping cloth.
Example 10
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide into a beaker 1, and stirring for 6 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 20%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step A, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 30kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 25cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 5mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.7g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step B, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform polyvinyl alcohol solution as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.3g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 350deg.C under 150kg/m 2 Hot press molding under the condition of (2) to obtain the wiping cloth.
Example 11
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide into a beaker 1, and stirring for 6 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 20%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step A, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 30kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 25cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 5mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.6g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step B, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform polyvinyl alcohol solution as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.4g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 350deg.C under 150kg/m 2 Hot press molding under the condition of (2) to obtain the wiping cloth.
Example 12
Step 1: adding a cosolvent of polylactic acid, chloroform and acetone (the volume ratio of chloroform to acetone is 3:1) into a beaker 1, and stirring on a magnetic stirrer for 6 hours to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 10%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step A, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 15cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 1mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.7g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step B, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform polyvinyl alcohol solution as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.3g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 220deg.C under 150kg/m 2 Hot press molding under the condition of (2) to obtain the wiping cloth.
Example 13
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate into a beaker 1, and stirring at 120 ℃ for 120 hours to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 20%;
step 2: c, when the temperature of the solution is reduced to room temperature, measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step A, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 15cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 1mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.7g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step B, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of polyvinyl alcohol, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform polyvinyl alcohol solution as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.3g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing step 4 to obtain spongeAt a temperature of 220℃and a pressure of 150kg/m 2 Hot press molding under the condition of (2) to obtain the wiping cloth.
Example 14
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide into a beaker 1, and stirring for 6 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 10%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step A, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 15cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 1mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.7g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step B, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of hyaluronic acid, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform hyaluronic acid solution serving as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.3g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 220deg.C under 150kg/m 2 Hot press molding under the condition of (2) to obtain the wiping cloth.
Example 15
Step 1: adding polylactic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide into a beaker 1, and stirring for 6 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a polylactic acid solution with the concentration of 10%;
step 2: measuring 2-3 mL of the solution in the beaker 1 in the step A, and injecting the solution into an injector by adopting electrostatic spinning equipment; the injector is fixed on the propelling pump, the positive electrode of the high-voltage regulating power supply is connected to the needle head, and the negative electrode is connected to the aluminum foil of the receiving device; then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector and the aluminum foil of the corresponding receiving device is 15cm, and the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 1mL/h; and controlling the ambient temperature to be 30 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, then switching on a power supply to obtain the polylactic acid fiber, and preserving the polylactic acid fiber at room temperature for 24 hours.
Step 3: measuring 0.7g of polylactic acid fiber prepared in the step B, cutting the fiber membrane into about 1X 1cm 2 Adding 50mL deionized water solution, and then placing them into a high-speed stirrer to stir at high speed;
step 4: weighing 1-10 g of dextrin, adding into a beaker 2, adding 1-10 g of deionized water, and putting the beaker 2 into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 95 ℃ to stir for 1 hour to obtain a clear and uniform dextrin solution serving as an adhesive; transferring the solution obtained in the step 3 into a glass container, adding 0.3g of the loofah sponge short fibers and the prepared adhesive, stirring for 2 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, immediately putting into a refrigerator for freezing for more than 24 hours, and then putting the sample into a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours in a dark place;
step 5: lyophilizing the sponge obtained in step 4 at 220deg.C under 150kg/m 2 Hot press molding under the condition of (2) to obtain the wiping cloth.
Experiment and result description:
1. the electrostatic spinning device used in the comparative example and the example is composed of three parts, namely a high-voltage direct-current power supply, a propulsion pump and a receiving device (such as aluminum foil, etc.), and is a device in the prior art.
2. The wipes prepared in the above comparative examples and examples 1 to 3 (comparative example-3D polylactic acid, example 1-polylactic acid/retinervus luffae fructus-0.2, example 2-polylactic acid/retinervus luffae fructus-0.3, example 3-polylactic acid/retinervus luffae fructus-0.4) were completely immersed in the n-hexane solution for a period of time until the expansion balance was reached. The mass change of the wiping cloth before and after adsorption is weighed, and the adsorption capacity of the wiping cloth is calculated. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the wipe of example 2 of the present invention provides the best absorbent capacity.
3. The wipes prepared in the above comparative examples and example 2 (comparative example-3D polylactic acid, example 2-polylactic acid/retinervus luffae fructus-0.3) were each completely immersed in a different organic solution such as peanut oil, petroleum, cyclohexane, alcohol, n-hexane for a period of time until the expansion equilibrium was reached. The mass change of the wiping cloth before and after adsorption is weighed, and the adsorption capacity of the wiping cloth is calculated. As can be seen from fig. 7, the wiping cloth provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention has a good adsorption effect on common grease.
4. An optical photograph showing the process of adsorbing grease by the wiper (example 2-polylactic acid/retinervus Luffae fructus-0.3) prepared in example 2 was observed, as shown in FIG. 8. As can be seen from the figure, the wiping cloth provided by the embodiment of the invention can quickly absorb grease.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the preparation method provided by the invention, the environment-friendly degradable polymer material and the natural cellulose are selected as raw materials of the wiping cloth, and the electrostatic spinning, freeze-drying and hot-pressing technology are combined to prepare the environment-friendly industrial wiping cloth with the inner multistage holes, so that the preparation method is simple, the structure is controllable, the raw material sources are wide, the production cost is low, and the industrial application prospect is good.
2. The industrial wiping cloth prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention is characterized in that the water-soluble components in the selected biomass loofah sponge short fibers are fully dissolved in deionized water to form a dilute solution, and the deionized water sublimates in the freeze drying process to obtain the biomass spider web fibers with the diameter of less than 10 nanometers. Therefore, the micron-sized loofah sponge short fibers, the nanometer-sized electrospun polylactic acid fibers and the spider web fibers construct multi-stage pores, so that the oil adsorption efficiency and the mechanical property are effectively improved.
3. The preparation method provided by the invention starts from the structural design of the biodegradable material, combines the electrostatic spinning and freeze-drying technology, constructs the ultra-low density three-dimensional sponge with micro-nano multi-level pores by regulating and controlling the composition and processing parameters of the micro-level luffa short fibers and the nano-level electrostatic spinning polylactic acid fibers, and obtains the industrial wiping cloth with the high interpenetrating network structure by hot pressing. The wiping cloth has the technical effects of high-efficiency oil adsorption, degradability, light weight, no dust generation, environmental friendliness, convenience in storage, easiness in carrying and the like.
Through tests, the wiping cloth can adsorb 4000-6000% of organic oil by weight, has good adsorption effect on common grease such as peanut oil, petroleum, normal hexane, cyclohexane, alcohol and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of industrial grease wiping, oily wastewater treatment and the like due to simple process flow and easy adjustment of process parameters, and the prepared material has light weight, high porosity and large specific surface area.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the environment-friendly efficient grease adsorption wiping cloth is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding polylactic acid into a solvent, stirring and mixing to obtain polylactic acid spinning precursor liquid;
step 2: carrying out electrostatic spinning on the polylactic acid spinning precursor solution prepared in the step 1 to obtain a polylactic acid nanofiber membrane;
step 3: cutting the polylactic acid nanofiber membrane prepared in the step 2 into small pieces, adding deionized water solution, and stirring at a high speed to obtain suspension;
step 4: adding loofah sponge short fibers into the suspension obtained in the step 3, wherein the mass ratio of the loofah sponge short fibers to the polylactic acid is 1:9-4:6, adding an adhesive, stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment, freezing, and performing light-shielding freeze-drying to obtain a spongy sample;
step 5: and (3) hot-press molding the spongy sample obtained in the step (4) to obtain the wiping cloth with different oil absorption contents.
2. The method for preparing the environment-friendly high-efficiency grease-adsorbing wiping cloth, which is characterized in that: the solvent in the step 1 is one or more of ethanol, acetone, chloroform, methylene dichloride, ethanol, N-dimethylacetamide, carbon tetrachloride, N-hexane, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, paraformaldehyde, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrodifluoro, dimethylamide, lithium chloride, dimethylacetamide, sodium hydroxide, urea and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate.
3. The method for preparing the environment-friendly high-efficiency grease-adsorbing wiping cloth according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the concentration of the polylactic acid spinning precursor solution prepared in the step 1 is 5% -20%.
4. The method for preparing the environment-friendly wiping cloth capable of efficiently adsorbing grease according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the adhesive in the step 4 is a water-soluble polymer: one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, hyaluronic acid, sodium alginate, gelatin, chitosan, starch and dextrin.
5. The method for preparing the environment-friendly and high-efficiency grease-adsorbing wiping cloth, which is characterized in that: the voltage used in the electrostatic spinning in the step 2 is 8-30 kV, the distance between the injector and the corresponding aluminum foil is 10-25 cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.6-5 mL/h, the ambient temperature is 30 ℃, and the humidity is 50%.
6. The method for preparing the environment-friendly wiping cloth capable of efficiently adsorbing grease according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the step 2 also comprises the step of keeping the obtained polylactic acid nanofiber membrane for 24 hours at room temperature.
7. The method for preparing the environment-friendly wiping cloth capable of efficiently adsorbing grease according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the size of the small blocks cut by the polylactic acid nanofiber membrane in the step 3 is 1 multiplied by 1cm 2 。
8. The method for preparing the environment-friendly and high-efficiency grease-adsorbing wiping cloth, which is characterized in that: the ultrasonic treatment time of the step 4 is 30 minutes, and the freezing time is 24-48 hours; the temperature of the freeze drying in the dark is minus 10 to minus 35 ℃, and the time of the freeze drying is 24 to 48 hours.
9. The method for preparing the environment-friendly and high-efficiency grease-adsorbing wiping cloth, which is characterized in that: the hot-press plate formed by hot-press in the step 5 has the temperature of 200-350 ℃ and the pressure of 150kg/m 2 。
10. An environment-friendly grease-adsorbing cleaning cloth which is characterized in that: the wiping cloth is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-9.
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| CN102605555A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-07-25 | 西南科技大学 | Preparation method of modified cellulose/polylactic-acid nanometer fiber composite film used for heavy-metal ions to adsorb |
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