CN114639882B - Battery Bao Re runaway protection system - Google Patents
Battery Bao Re runaway protection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114639882B CN114639882B CN202210215093.4A CN202210215093A CN114639882B CN 114639882 B CN114639882 B CN 114639882B CN 202210215093 A CN202210215093 A CN 202210215093A CN 114639882 B CN114639882 B CN 114639882B
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- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/03—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing adjustable, e.g. from spray to jet or vice versa
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/28—Accessories for delivery devices, e.g. supports
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/06—Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a battery pack thermal runaway protection system, which comprises a linear temperature-sensitive fire detector, a battery management main control and a hot aerosol fire extinguisher; the linear temperature-sensing fire detector is paved on the surface of the battery module and penetrates through the whole battery module and is used for detecting the surface temperature of the battery module; the battery management main control is respectively connected with the linear temperature-sensitive fire detector and the hot aerosol fire extinguisher and is used for preventing the battery module from thermal runaway; the hot aerosol fire extinguisher is used for spraying solvent to the battery module to perform cooling and/or fire extinguishing when the battery module is in thermal runaway. The invention can realize fire disaster early warning covering the whole battery module, and greatly improves the electrical safety of the vehicle; in addition, the invention is not affected by the flameout state of the vehicle, can implement 24-hour monitoring, has no power consumption in normal monitoring, and saves more energy in the monitoring mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile electrical safety, in particular to a battery pack thermal runaway protection system.
Background
In the past, electric automobiles often have accidents of battery pack ignition and thermal runaway, and serious safety risks are brought to users. The national institutes of standardization has issued "GB 38031-2020 Power storage Battery safety requirement for electric automobile" in 2020-05-12, two requirements for thermal runaway: 1. the battery pack or system should provide a thermal event warning signal 5 minutes before thermal diffusion due to thermal runaway of the individual batteries, thereby causing danger to the passenger compartment; 2. in the case where thermal runaway of a single battery causes thermal diffusion, there should be a function or characteristic of protecting an occupant in a battery cell, a battery pack, or a vehicle.
At present, various companies in the industry develop some technical schemes for detecting and extinguishing thermal runaway. The more commonly used are: the system mainly comprises a negative temperature coefficient thermistor (NTC), a Battery Management System (BMS) master control and a fire extinguisher (shown in figure 1). The NTC is arranged on the surface of the battery module for temperature detection. The BMS master control is responsible for judging whether the battery has thermal runaway and driving the fire extinguisher to work. The fire extinguisher is to spray the solution (powder) agent to the battery which is out of control in heat to extinguish fire and cool. The whole vehicle is in a starting state, and the whole vehicle storage battery provides a working power supply for the system. The BMS master control circularly collects temperature data of the NTC in real time in a set time period. When the acquired highest temperature is greater than a set value and the temperature rise rate in a period of time is greater than the set value, the BMS judges that the battery at the acquisition point is out of control thermally, then drives the fire extinguisher to spray the solution (powder) agent to extinguish fire, and simultaneously sends an alarm signal to the whole vehicle controller (VCU, vehicle control unit).
However, existing thermal runaway detection and fire suppression systems suffer from the following drawbacks:
1. the effective range of NTC detection is little, and the NTC that quantity is limited can't all-round survey whole battery module. If the number of NTCs is increased, a significant increase in cost results;
2. the system can work only when the vehicle is in a starting state, and the battery pack cannot be monitored and protected after the vehicle is in flameout and powered down;
3. NTC belongs to accurate part, has special requirement to operational environment, operating mode. If the package fails and water vapor enters, the parameter value of the package can be influenced, so that the system can be in false alarm and false trigger.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a battery pack thermal runaway protection system, which comprises a linear temperature-sensing fire detector, a battery management main control and a hot aerosol fire extinguisher;
the linear temperature-sensing fire detector is paved on the surface of the battery module and penetrates through the whole battery module and is used for detecting the surface temperature of the battery module;
the battery management main control is respectively connected with the linear temperature-sensitive fire detector and the hot aerosol fire extinguisher and is used for preventing the battery module from thermal runaway;
the hot aerosol fire extinguisher is used for spraying solvent to the battery module to perform cooling and/or fire extinguishing when the battery module is in thermal runaway.
Optionally, the linear temperature-sensing fire detector adopts the temperature-sensing cable, the temperature-sensing cable contains by the cladding of heat-sensitive insulating material and mutual isolated many metal core, when the temperature of a certain point rises to a certain value, the heat-sensitive insulating material takes place to soften the melting and makes many metal core of this point take place the short circuit.
Optionally, the plurality of metal wire cores are twisted at intervals in a double-spiral shape.
Optionally, the length of the linear temperature-sensing fire detector is not smaller than the length of the battery module.
Optionally, the length of the battery module is not more than 500mm, and the length of the linear temperature-sensing fire detector is 500-1000 mm.
Optionally, the linear temperature-sensing fire detector is laid in a straight line or in a curve; the line-type temperature-sensing fire detector can be paved with a plurality of lines.
Optionally, 2-4 metal wire cores in the temperature sensing cable are arranged; the softening and melting temperature range of the thermosensitive insulation material is 85-120 ℃.
Optionally, the battery management master control is connected with a storage battery, and the storage battery can adopt a DC12V or DC24V voltage value.
Optionally, the battery management main control comprises a microprocessor, a positioning module and an execution module, wherein the microprocessor is respectively connected with the temperature sensing cable, the positioning module and the execution module;
the positioning module is internally provided with a three-dimensional model of the battery module, a simulated temperature sensing cable is correspondingly added on the three-dimensional model of the battery module according to the laying position of the temperature sensing cable, and when the battery module is in thermal runaway, the positioning of a thermal runaway point is carried out according to the short-circuit resistance of the metal wire core in the temperature sensing cable;
the metal wire core in the temperature sensing cable is provided with a voltmeter and a ammeter which are connected with the microprocessor;
the hot aerosol fire extinguisher comprises a spray pressure valve and a spray head, wherein the spray pressure valve is connected with the execution module, the spray head is provided with an adjusting frame, and the adjusting frame is connected with the execution module and is used for adjusting the spray direction of the spray head;
the microprocessor calculates the short-circuit resistance of the metal wire core in the temperature sensing cable according to the voltage value measured by the voltmeter and the current value measured by the ammeter, sends the short-circuit resistance to the positioning module, and then determines the solvent spraying direction and pressure by combining the positioning of the thermal runaway point by the positioning module and the position of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher, and generates an instruction to send to the execution module;
the execution module controls the adjusting frame to adjust the spray head towards the direction of the thermal runaway point according to the instruction, then controls the spray pressure valve to adjust the spray pressure of the solvent and simultaneously controls the adjusting frame to enable the spray head to swing left and right.
Optionally, the adjusting frame comprises a rotating seat, a supporting frame, a servo motor, a supporting rod and a fixing clamp;
the bottom of the support frame is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the rotating seat, a U-shaped groove is formed in the upper end of the support frame, the support rod is positioned in the U-shaped groove, two ends of the support rod are arranged on the support frame through bearings, and the servo motor is arranged on the support frame and is in transmission connection with the support rod;
the fixing clamp is annular and comprises an upper semi-ring and a lower semi-ring, the lower semi-ring is fixedly arranged on a supporting rod in a U-shaped groove, one end of the upper semi-ring is connected with one end of the lower semi-ring through a hinge, the other end of the upper semi-ring and the other end of the lower semi-ring can be opened or closed, and the fixing clamp is used for installing a spray head of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher;
the rotary seat is internally provided with a driving motor, and the driving motor and the servo motor are electrically connected with the microprocessor.
When the battery management system is used, the positive electrode +12V and the negative electrode-12V of the whole vehicle storage battery are respectively connected with a POWER+ terminal and a POWER-terminal which are controlled by a Battery Management System (BMS), the whole vehicle storage battery is used as a protection system POWER supply, meanwhile, the positive electrode +12V of the storage battery is connected with a linear temperature-sensitive fire detector, the storage battery-12V is connected with the negative electrode of a hot aerosol fire extinguisher, and a high-side switch K1 controlled by the Battery Management System (BMS) is connected with the positive electrode of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher; when the thermal runaway temperature of a single battery in the battery module reaches a specific temperature value of the temperature sensing cable, after the Battery Management (BMS) master control receives a signal of the linear temperature sensing fire detector, a main relay of a high-voltage loop is cut off, and a warning message is sent to a whole vehicle VCU; in addition, a Battery Management (BMS) master control controls the hot aerosol fire extinguisher to extinguish and cool down, so that the further uncontrolled spread of fire is avoided; the linear type temperature-sensing fire detector adopted by the invention has wide temperature range, the arrangement of the linear type temperature-sensing fire detector is in a linear form, the linear type temperature-sensing fire detector covers the whole battery module, and any single body in the battery module can be detected to generate thermal runaway; the defect that the detection is incomplete due to the 'dot' type interval arrangement of the NTCs is avoided, and the NTCs can only detect the temperature of the single body at the arrangement point, namely the NTC detection range is small; in addition, in the prior art, the temperature of the NTC needs to be collected in real time to judge whether thermal runaway occurs, and the system can work only when the vehicle is in a starting state and the storage battery power supply is provided in real time; the invention is not affected by the flameout state of the vehicle, and the normal line type temperature-sensing fire detector can monitor the power consumption within 24 hours without power supply (without power consumption); the battery module has thermal runaway and the temperature reaches a specific value, the linear temperature-sensing fire detector only generates signals, and the signals can be monitored in the flameout and starting states of the vehicle.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art thermal runaway detection and fire suppression system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a thermal runaway protection system for a battery pack according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a temperature sensing cable employed by an embodiment of the battery Bao Re runaway protection system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an electrical schematic of an embodiment of a battery Bao Re runaway protection system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery management master control employed by an embodiment of a battery Bao Re runaway protection system of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an adjustment bracket for the spray head of a hot aerosol fire extinguisher in an embodiment of a battery Bao Re runaway protection system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery pack thermal runaway protection system, which includes a line-type temperature-sensing fire detector 1, a battery management master control 2 and a hot aerosol fire extinguisher 3;
the linear temperature-sensing fire detector 1 is paved on the surface of the battery module 4 and penetrates through the whole battery module 4, and is used for detecting the surface temperature of the battery module 4;
the battery management main control 2 is respectively connected with the linear temperature-sensing fire detector 1 and the hot aerosol fire extinguisher 3 through a lead 5, the battery management main control 2 is also connected with the whole vehicle storage battery 6 through the lead 5, and the battery management main control 2 is used for preventing the thermal runaway condition of the battery module 4;
the hot aerosol fire extinguisher 3 is used for spraying a solvent to the battery module 4 for cooling and/or extinguishing fire when thermal runaway of the battery module 4 occurs.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: when the scheme is implemented, the positive electrode +12V and the negative electrode-12V of the whole vehicle storage battery are respectively connected with a POWER+ terminal and a POWER-terminal of a Battery Management (BMS) main control, as shown in fig. 4, the whole vehicle storage battery is used as a protection system POWER supply, meanwhile, the positive electrode +12V of the storage battery is connected with a linear temperature-sensitive fire detector, the storage battery-12V is connected with the negative electrode of a hot aerosol fire extinguisher, and a high-side switch K1 of the Battery Management (BMS) main control is connected with the positive electrode of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher; when the thermal runaway temperature of a single battery in the battery module reaches a specific temperature value of the temperature sensing cable, after the Battery Management (BMS) master control receives a signal of the linear temperature sensing fire detector, a main relay of a high-voltage loop is cut off, and a warning message is sent to a whole vehicle VCU; in addition, a Battery Management (BMS) master control controls the hot aerosol fire extinguisher to extinguish and cool down, so that the further uncontrolled spread of fire is avoided; the linear type temperature-sensing fire detector adopted by the scheme has wide temperature range, the arrangement of the linear type temperature-sensing fire detector is in a line form, the linear type temperature-sensing fire detector covers the whole battery module, and any single body in the battery module can be detected to generate thermal runaway; the defect that the detection is incomplete due to the 'dot' type interval arrangement of the NTCs is avoided, and the NTCs can only detect the temperature of the single body at the arrangement point, namely the NTC detection range is small; in addition, in the prior art, the temperature of the NTC needs to be collected in real time to judge whether thermal runaway occurs, and the system can work only when the vehicle is in a starting state and the storage battery power supply is provided in real time; the scheme is not influenced by the flameout state of the vehicle, and the normal-time linear temperature-sensing fire detector can monitor the power consumption within 24 hours without power supply (without power consumption); the battery module has thermal runaway and the temperature reaches a specific value, the linear temperature-sensing fire detector only generates signals, and the signals can be monitored in the flameout and starting states of the vehicle.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the line-type heat fire detector 1 employs a temperature sensing cable, where the temperature sensing cable includes a plurality of metal wire cores covered by a heat sensitive insulating material and isolated from each other, and the first metal wire core 11 and the second metal wire core 12 are shown as being isolated from each other and are in a disconnected state under normal conditions; when the temperature of a certain point rises to a certain value, the heat-sensitive insulating material is softened and melted, so that a plurality of metal wire cores at the point are short-circuited; the plurality of metal wire cores are twisted at intervals in a double-spiral shape.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the linear temperature-sensing fire detector in the scheme adopts a temperature-sensing cable, the temperature-sensing cable at least comprises a first metal wire core (a No. 1 wire core) and a second metal wire core (a No. 2 wire core) respectively, the positive electrode +12V of a storage battery is connected with the No. 1 wire core of the temperature-sensing cable in parallel, and then the No. 2 wire core of the temperature-sensing cable is connected to a detection point DI1 controlled by a Battery Management System (BMS); when the heat-sensitive insulating material is softened and melted, under the action of twisting stress, the heat-sensitive insulating material of the temperature-sensitive cable is automatically fused to enable the metal wire cores to be short-circuited, namely the metal wire cores can be directly short-circuited together, so that an electric signal is generated and sent to a battery management main control; the first metal wire core and the second metal wire core in the temperature sensing cable are in a disconnected state when normal, namely electric energy is not consumed; the adoption of the double spiral shape can generate twisting stress, when the temperature reaches a set value, the heat-sensitive insulating material is softened and melted, and the first metal wire core and the second metal wire core are easier to generate contact short circuit under the action of the twisting stress, so that the sensitivity of the temperature-sensitive cable is improved.
In one embodiment, the length of the linear temperature-sensitive fire detector is not less than the length of the battery module; for example: if the length of the battery module is not more than 500mm, the length of the linear temperature-sensing fire detector is 500-1000 mm; the linear temperature-sensing fire detector is laid in a straight line or in a curve; the line-type temperature-sensing fire detector can be paved with a plurality of lines.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the length of the linear temperature-sensing fire detector is determined by the length of the battery module, and the length of the linear temperature-sensing fire detector is limited to be not smaller than the length of the battery module, so that the linear temperature-sensing fire detector can cover the whole length of the battery module; the length of the linear temperature-sensing fire detector can be multiple times of the length of the battery module, so that the linear temperature-sensing fire detector is laid back and forth for many times on the battery module, planar monitoring or multi-surface monitoring is realized, the comprehensiveness of monitoring and the accuracy of thermal runaway points are further improved, and the safety is improved.
In one embodiment, the number of the metal wire cores in the temperature sensing cable is 2-4; the softening and melting temperature range of the thermosensitive insulation material is 85-120 ℃.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the temperature sensing cable of this scheme can adopt 2 ~ 4 metal core, and when using, the metal core is more, when the temperature reaches the setting value, can ensure more that the metal core takes place the short circuit, has improved the sensitivity of detection.
In one embodiment, the battery management master is connected to a battery, which may take on a DC12V or DC24V voltage value.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, the storage battery is used as a system power supply, so that the influence of flameout of a vehicle can be avoided, 24-hour monitoring is guaranteed, and the duration of the storage battery is longer due to low system consumption electrode under normal conditions; the storage battery can be a whole vehicle storage battery.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the battery management main control comprises a microprocessor 21, a positioning module 22 and an executing module 23, wherein the microprocessor 21 is respectively connected with a temperature sensing cable, the positioning module 22 and the executing module 23, and the executing module 23 is connected with the hot aerosol fire extinguisher 3;
the positioning module 22 is internally provided with a three-dimensional model of the battery module, a simulated temperature sensing cable is correspondingly added on the three-dimensional model of the battery module according to the laying position of the temperature sensing cable, and when the battery module 4 is in thermal runaway, the positioning of a thermal runaway point is carried out according to the short circuit resistance of the metal wire core in the temperature sensing cable;
the metal wire core in the temperature sensing cable is provided with a voltmeter 24 and a ammeter 25, and the voltmeter 24 and the ammeter 25 are connected with the microprocessor 21;
the hot aerosol fire extinguisher 3 comprises a spray pressure valve 31 and a spray head, wherein the spray pressure valve 31 is connected with the execution module 23, the spray head is provided with an adjusting frame 32, and the adjusting frame 32 is connected with the execution module 23 and is used for adjusting the spray direction of the spray head;
the microprocessor 21 calculates the short-circuit resistance of the metal wire core in the temperature sensing cable according to the voltage value measured by the voltmeter 24 and the current value measured by the ammeter 25 and sends the short-circuit resistance to the positioning module 22, and then determines the solvent spraying direction and pressure by combining the positioning of the thermal runaway point by the positioning module 22 and the position of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher 3, and generates an instruction and sends the instruction to the execution module;
the execution module 23 controls the adjusting frame 32 to adjust the spray head towards the thermal runaway point according to the instruction, and then controls the spray pressure valve 31 to adjust the solvent spray pressure and simultaneously controls the adjusting frame 32 to enable the spray head to swing left and right.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, the positioning module is arranged for positioning the thermal runaway point, the voltage and the current of the short circuit of the temperature sensing cable are detected through the voltmeter and the ammeter, the microprocessor is arranged for calculating the short circuit resistance, and the accurate positioning of the thermal runaway point can be realized by combining the three-dimensional model of the battery module with the laying position of the temperature sensing cable because the resistance is in direct proportion to the length of the metal wire core; the spray head is installed through the adjusting frame, the solvent spraying direction and the pressure are determined according to the positioning of the thermal runaway point, the spray head is adjusted to the solvent spraying direction through the adjusting frame, and the pressure of solvent spraying is ensured through controlling the spraying pressure valve; can realize accurate fire extinguishing and cooling, avoid the pressure mismatch of solvent injection to lead to the deviation appears in the fire extinguishing and cooling to the thermal runaway point, improve vehicle security.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the adjusting bracket 32 includes a rotating base 321, a supporting frame 322, a supporting rod 324, a servo motor 325, and a fixing clip 326;
the bottom of the supporting frame 322 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the rotating seat 321, a U-shaped groove 323 is arranged at the upper end of the supporting frame 322, the supporting rod 324 is positioned in the U-shaped groove 323, two ends of the supporting rod 324 are arranged on the supporting frame 322 through bearings, the servo motor 325 is arranged on the supporting frame 322, and the servo motor 325 is in transmission connection with the supporting rod 324;
the fixing clamp 326 is annular, and comprises an upper half ring and a lower half ring, the lower half ring is fixedly arranged on a supporting rod 324 in a U-shaped groove 323, one end of the upper half ring is connected with one end of the lower half ring by adopting a hinge, the other end of the upper half ring and the other end of the lower half ring can be opened or closed, and the fixing clamp 326 is used for installing a spray head of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher 3;
the rotating base 321 is internally provided with a driving motor, and the driving motor and the servo motor 325 are electrically connected with the microprocessor 21.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the fixing clamp of the adjusting frame is used for clamping the spray head, the rotation of the rotating seat is adopted to realize the horizontal 360-degree rotation of the spray head, and the servo motor drives the supporting rod to drive the fixing clamp to realize the vertical rotation of the spray head; the coverage area of the spray head can be enlarged by adopting the adjusting frame, and the fixed-point fire extinguishment and the temperature reduction of the thermal runaway point are realized.
In one embodiment, the microprocessor 21 determines the direction and pressure of the solvent spray by:
firstly, establishing a coordinate system by taking the position of a spray head of a hot aerosol fire extinguisher 3 as an origin;
secondly, guiding the positioning data of the thermal runaway point into a coordinate system to obtain a coordinate value of the thermal runaway point, and determining the solvent spraying direction according to the coordinate value of the thermal runaway point;
again, the horizontal distance of the thermal runaway point from the spray head of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher was calculated using the following formula:
in the above formula, D represents the horizontal distance between the thermal runaway point and the spray head of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher; x and Y represent horizontal coordinate values of the thermal runaway point;
finally, the minimum pressure required for solvent spraying is calculated using the following formula:
in the above, P min Representing the minimum pressure required for solvent spraying; n represents the roughness of the spray head of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher; d represents the horizontal distance between the thermal runaway point and the nozzle of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher; ρ represents the solvent densityA degree; g represents gravitational acceleration; h represents the height difference between the thermal runaway point and the showerhead; r represents the outlet inner diameter of the spray head;
the microprocessor selects a pressure value not smaller than the calculated minimum pressure as the pressure of the solvent injection according to the situation.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, the coordinate system is established to perform positioning and calculation so as to determine the direction and pressure of solvent injection, so that the control precision can be improved, deviation of fire extinguishment and cooling of a thermal runaway point caused by mismatching of the pressure of solvent injection is avoided, and risk or loss increase caused by incapability of performing fire extinguishment and cooling as soon as possible is avoided; the formula reflects the mutual relation between the thermal runaway point and the spray head of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher to the required solvent spray pressure, and realizes the quantitative analysis of the position relation and the pressure, thereby improving the control precision, enabling the system to accurately extinguish the fire and cool the thermal runaway point at the first time, and eliminating hidden danger or reducing risks and losses as soon as possible.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The battery pack thermal runaway protection system is characterized by comprising a linear temperature-sensitive fire detector, a battery management main control and a hot aerosol fire extinguisher;
the linear temperature-sensing fire detector is paved on the surface of the battery module and penetrates through the whole battery module and is used for detecting the surface temperature of the battery module;
the battery management main control is respectively connected with the linear temperature-sensitive fire detector and the hot aerosol fire extinguisher and is used for preventing the battery module from thermal runaway; when the thermal runaway temperature of a single battery in the battery module reaches a specific temperature value of the temperature sensing cable, after the battery management main control receives a signal of the linear temperature sensing fire detector, the main relay of the high-voltage loop is cut off, and an alarm message is sent to the whole vehicle VCU;
the hot aerosol fire extinguisher is used for spraying solvent to the battery module to perform cooling and/or fire extinguishing when the battery module is in thermal runaway;
the linear temperature-sensing fire detector adopts a temperature-sensing cable, the temperature-sensing cable comprises a plurality of metal wire cores which are coated by a temperature-sensing insulating material and are mutually isolated, and when the temperature of a certain point rises to a certain value, the temperature-sensing insulating material is softened and melted to enable the plurality of metal wire cores at the point to be in short circuit;
the battery management main control comprises a microprocessor, a positioning module and an execution module, wherein the microprocessor is respectively connected with the temperature sensing cable, the positioning module and the execution module;
the positioning module is internally provided with a three-dimensional model of the battery module, a simulated temperature sensing cable is correspondingly added on the three-dimensional model of the battery module according to the laying position of the temperature sensing cable, and when the battery module is in thermal runaway, the positioning of a thermal runaway point is carried out according to the short-circuit resistance of the metal wire core in the temperature sensing cable;
the metal wire core in the temperature sensing cable is provided with a voltmeter and a ammeter which are connected with the microprocessor;
the hot aerosol fire extinguisher comprises a spray pressure valve and a spray head, wherein the spray pressure valve is connected with the execution module, the spray head is provided with an adjusting frame, and the adjusting frame is connected with the execution module and is used for adjusting the spray direction of the spray head;
the microprocessor calculates the short-circuit resistance of the metal wire core in the temperature sensing cable according to the voltage value measured by the voltmeter and the current value measured by the ammeter, sends the short-circuit resistance to the positioning module, and then determines the solvent spraying direction and pressure by combining the positioning of the thermal runaway point by the positioning module and the position of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher, and generates an instruction to send to the execution module;
the execution module controls the adjusting frame to adjust the spray head towards the direction of the thermal runaway point according to the instruction, then controls the spray pressure valve to adjust the spray pressure of the solvent and simultaneously controls the adjusting frame to enable the spray head to swing left and right;
the microprocessor determines the direction and pressure of the solvent spray by:
firstly, establishing a coordinate system by taking the position of a spray head of a hot aerosol fire extinguisher as an origin;
secondly, guiding the positioning data of the thermal runaway point into a coordinate system to obtain a coordinate value of the thermal runaway point, and determining the solvent spraying direction according to the coordinate value of the thermal runaway point;
again, the horizontal distance of the thermal runaway point from the spray head of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher was calculated using the following formula:
in the above formula, D represents the horizontal distance between the thermal runaway point and the spray head of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher; x and Y represent horizontal coordinate values of the thermal runaway point;
finally, the minimum pressure required for solvent spraying is calculated using the following formula:
in the above, P min Representing the minimum pressure required for solvent spraying; n represents the roughness of the spray head of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher; d represents the horizontal distance between the thermal runaway point and the nozzle of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher; ρ represents the solvent density; g represents gravitational acceleration; h represents the height difference between the thermal runaway point and the showerhead; r represents the outlet inner diameter of the spray head;
the microprocessor uses a pressure value not less than the calculated minimum pressure as the pressure of the solvent spray.
2. The battery Bao Re runaway protection system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of metal wire cores are twisted in a double helix shape with a spacing therebetween.
3. The battery Bao Re runaway protection system of claim 1, wherein the length of the linear temperature-sensitive fire detector is not less than the length of the battery module.
4. The battery Bao Re runaway protection system of claim 1, wherein the battery module is no greater than 500mm in length and the linear temperature-sensitive fire detector is 500mm to 1000mm in length.
5. The battery Bao Re runaway protection system of claim 1, wherein the linear temperature-sensitive fire detector is laid straight or curved; the line-type temperature-sensing fire detector can be paved with a plurality of lines.
6. The battery Bao Re runaway protection system of claim 1, wherein the number of metal cores in the temperature sensing cable is 2-4; the softening and melting temperature range of the thermosensitive insulation material is 85-120 ℃.
7. A battery Bao Re runaway protection system according to claim 1, wherein the battery management master is connected to a storage battery which may take the form of a DC12V or DC24V voltage value.
8. The battery Bao Re runaway protection system of claim 1, wherein the adjusting rack comprises a swivel base, a support bracket, a servo motor, a support bar, and a retaining clip;
the bottom of the support frame is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the rotating seat, a U-shaped groove is formed in the upper end of the support frame, the support rod is positioned in the U-shaped groove, two ends of the support rod are arranged on the support frame through bearings, and the servo motor is arranged on the support frame and is in transmission connection with the support rod;
the fixing clamp is annular and comprises an upper semi-ring and a lower semi-ring, the lower semi-ring is fixedly arranged on a supporting rod in a U-shaped groove, one end of the upper semi-ring is connected with one end of the lower semi-ring through a hinge, the other end of the upper semi-ring and the other end of the lower semi-ring can be opened or closed, and the fixing clamp is used for installing a spray head of the hot aerosol fire extinguisher;
the rotary seat is internally provided with a driving motor, and the driving motor and the servo motor are electrically connected with the microprocessor.
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| CN202210215093.4A CN114639882B (en) | 2022-03-07 | 2022-03-07 | Battery Bao Re runaway protection system |
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| CN202210215093.4A CN114639882B (en) | 2022-03-07 | 2022-03-07 | Battery Bao Re runaway protection system |
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