CN114635795B - 混合动力汽车失火监测方法及混合动力汽车 - Google Patents

混合动力汽车失火监测方法及混合动力汽车 Download PDF

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CN114635795B
CN114635795B CN202210263918.XA CN202210263918A CN114635795B CN 114635795 B CN114635795 B CN 114635795B CN 202210263918 A CN202210263918 A CN 202210263918A CN 114635795 B CN114635795 B CN 114635795B
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李京
张德全
王恺
马莎
吴磊
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/46—Series type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种混合动力汽车失火监测方法及混合动力汽车，该方法包括以下步骤：若失火监测使能条件满足，则根据发动机曲轴起始角度和结束角度选取一时间段窗口；计算本次燃烧通过该时间段窗口的时间与上一次燃烧通过的时间及下一次燃烧通过的时间之差；若连续的两个时间差均大于0，则将两者做差；若两者差值大于0，则提取单一缸的时间差；计算该单一缸本次的时间差与上一次时间差的差值；若该单一缸的差值大于0，则与失火粗暴度阈值进行比较，如果不小于粗暴度阈值，则表明当前缸失火发生，否则当前缸失火未发生。本发明的失火监测方法适用于混合动力车型，避免了传统燃油车失火监测方法无法正确判断混合动力车型失火而误判、漏判的问题。

Description

混合动力汽车失火监测方法及混合动力汽车
技术领域
本发明属于失火监测技术领域，具体涉及一种混合动力汽车失火监测方法及混合动力汽车。
背景技术
发动机失火是指由于点火、燃油计量、压缩不良等原因导致的气缸内缺少燃烧事件，但不包括由于默认断油策略导致的断油气缸内缺少的燃烧事件。随着石油资源日益缺乏，环境污染日益严重，对燃油排放的要求越来越高，因此新能源汽车越来越受到青睐。然而受限于燃料电池、行驶里程、动力性能等关键技术，纯电动汽车发展受到限制。因此，结合了传统燃油车及纯电动车各自优点的混动车型，成为新型环保车辆开发的新热点。
常用的混合动力汽车构型具有并联和串联两种运行模式，在串联模式下，离合器断开，发动机仅用于发电，而不与车辆刚性连接，在并联模式下，离合器结合，发动机与车辆刚性连接，与驱动电机共同向传动系统提供扭矩，驱动车辆。在并联模式下，发动机与驱动电机刚性连接，驱动电机的电机转动会导致发动机振动，影响发动机的转速变化，进而导致传统燃油车的监测方法无法全区域监测到失火，在一些工况下由于无法正确判断失火而漏报误报，降低失火监测可靠性。
因此，需要针对现有的传统燃油车辆失火监测技术进行优化，来有效解决混合动力汽车发动机失火无法全区域监测的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供一种混合动力汽车失火监测方法及混合动力汽车，解决混合动力汽车驱动电机的电机转动导致发动机振动，进而导致传统燃油车的失火监测方法无法全区域监测到失火的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种混合动力汽车失火监测方法，包括以下步骤：
判断混合动力汽车的发动机失火监测使能条件是否满足；若失火监测使能条件满足，则根据发动机曲轴起始角度和结束角度选取一时间段窗口；
计算本次燃烧通过该时间段窗口的时间T[idx0]与上一次燃烧通过的时间T[idx-1]及下一次燃烧通过的时间T[idx1]之差，得到时间差Diff[idx0]与Diff[idx-1]；
若连续的两个时间差Diff均大于0，则将两者做差Diff[idx0]-Diff[idx-1]；
若两者差值大于0，则提取单一缸Cyln前后两次燃烧通过该时间段窗口的时间差；其中，n代表缸号；
计算该单一缸本次的时间差Cyln[idx0]与上一次时间差Cyln[idx-1]的差值；
若该单一缸的时间差差值大于0，则与失火粗暴度阈值进行比较，如果不小于粗暴度阈值，则表明当前缸失火发生，否则当前缸失火未发生。
接上述方案，发动机失火监测使能条件包括：
1)进入规定的失火诊断区域；
2)没有断油请求；
3)档位未变化，且档位发生变化后需延迟一定时间才能激活失火；
4)离合器处于完全接合状态，且离合器结合后需延迟一定时间后才能激活失火；
5)非颠簸路面；
6)水温在一定范围内；
7)诊断过程中节气门开度波动较小；
8)发动机处在运行状态；
在以上条件均满足一定时间后，可进行失火监测。
接上述方案，发动机曲轴起始角度和结束角度通过不同发动机转速和负载扫点标定得到。
接上述方案，失火粗暴度阈值由发动机转速、负荷、对缸失火监测情况确定。
本发明还提供一种混合动力汽车，该混合动力汽车采用上述的混合动力汽车失火监测方法。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点及有益效果：
本发明的失火监测方法适用于混合动力车型，避免了传统燃油车失火监测方法无法正确判断混合动力车型失火而误判、漏判的问题；且同时适用于串联运行和并联运行两种模式，节省了软件开发成本及标定成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的混合动力汽车失火监测方法流程图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
传统燃油车辆失火监测方案仅适用于传统燃油车型，在混合动力车型中的并联运行模式下，发动机与驱动电机刚性连接，驱动电机的电机转动会导致发动机振动，影响发动机的转速变化，进而导致此方案的监测方法无法全区域监测到失火，在某些工况下无法正确判断失火而漏判误判，漏判可能会损坏催化器，误判可能会误点亮报警灯。
本发明提供了一种混合动力车型失火监测方法，在未增加任何零部件和其他系统结构的前提下，通过采用发动机曲轴信号，在一定条件下进行失火粗暴度的计量，然后根据最终计算的失火粗暴度与失火粗暴度阈值进行比较，来判断发动机是否发生失火，完成混合动力车型的失火监测。
为了防止失火漏判和误判，提高失火监测的可能性，本发明实施例的混合动力汽车的发动机失火监测方法，如图1所示，包括以下步骤：
S1、为了保证失火监测准确性，失火监测方法需要在一定条件下进行，剔除失火监测的误判。确定失火监测使能条件：
1)进入法规中规定的失火诊断区域；
2)没有断油请求；
3)档位未变化，且档位发生变化后需延迟一定时间才能激活失火；
4)离合器处于完全接合状态，且离合器结合后需延迟一定时间后才能激活失火；
5)非颠簸路面；
6)水温在一定范围内；
7)诊断过程中节气门开度波动较小；
8)发动机处在运行状态。
在以上条件满足一定时间后，即可进行失火监测。如果在诊断过程中，使能条件不满足则终止诊断，待下一次诊断条件满足后再执行失火诊断。
S2、根据发动机曲轴起始角度和结束角度选定一时间段窗口，其中起始角度和结束角度是通过不同发动机转速和负载扫点标定所得。
S3、根据选取的时间段窗口，计算发动机各缸在所选定的时间段窗口内的初始运行时间T。当某一缸发生失火时，通过时间段窗口就需要更长的时间，通过时间段窗口内的时间来计算发动机的粗暴度(粗暴度不小于粗暴度阈值，表明失火发生，否则，失火未发生)。
S4、计算本次燃烧通过时间段窗口的时间T[idx0]与上一次燃烧通过的时间T[idx-1]及下一次燃烧通过的时间T[idx1]之差，得到Diff[idx0]与Diff[idx-1]。
S5、若连续的两个时间差Diff均大于0，则将两者做差Diff[idx0]-Diff[idx-1]；
S6、若两者差值大于0，则将所有缸的时间差分离，提取某单一缸Cyln的时间差Cyln[idx0]，其中n代表缸号；计算某一缸本次的时间差Cyln[idx0]与上一次时间差Cyln[idx-1]的差值；
S7、若上述差值大于0，则与失火粗暴度阈值进行比较，其中失火粗暴度阈值是根据发动机转速、负荷、对缸失火监测情况确定(通过台架标定确定不同转速、负荷下的失火基础阈值，若对缸发生失火，则通过补偿因子补偿失火基础阈值，此补偿因子通过标定所得)如果粗暴度不小于粗暴度阈值，则表明当前缸失火发生，否则当前缸失火未发生。
以四缸发动机为例，发动机点火燃烧顺序为：1-3-4-2-1-3-4-2-.......。步骤S6中的某一缸的时间差指的是1缸燃烧通过时间段窗口的时间与1缸下一次燃烧通过时间段窗口的时间相减；2缸与2缸相减……；步骤S4指的是相邻点火缸相减，1缸与3缸，3缸与4缸，4缸与2缸，2缸与1缸，1缸与3缸…，以此类推。
本发明还提供一种混合动力汽车，该混合动力汽车采用上述的混合动力汽车失火监测方法。
综上所述，本发明的监测方法无需新增硬件，完全以原有混合动力结构为基础，削减了成本；且该监测方法适用于混合动力车型，避免了传统燃油车失火监测方法无法正确判断混合动力车型失火而误判漏判的问题，同时适用于串联运行和并联运行两种模式，节省了软件开发成本及标定成本。
本领域的技术人员容易理解，以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种混合动力汽车失火监测方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
判断混合动力汽车的发动机失火监测使能条件是否满足；若失火监测使能条件满足，则根据发动机曲轴起始角度和结束角度选取一时间段窗口；
计算本次燃烧通过该时间段窗口的时间T[idx0]与上一次燃烧通过的时间T[idx-1]及下一次燃烧通过的时间T[idx1]之差，得到时间差Diff[idx0]与Diff[idx-1]；其中，时间差Diff[idx0]与Diff[idx-1]是指相邻点火缸通过该时间段窗口的两个时间差；
若连续的两个时间差Diff[idx0]与Diff[idx-1]均大于0，则将两者做差Diff[idx0]-Diff[idx-1]；
若两者差值大于0，则提取单一缸Cyln前后两次燃烧通过该时间段窗口的时间差；其中，n代表缸号；
计算该单一缸本次的时间差Cyln[idx0]与上一次时间差Cyln[idx-1]的差值；
若该单一缸的时间差差值大于0，则与失火粗暴度阈值进行比较，如果不小于粗暴度阈值，则表明当前缸失火发生，否则当前缸失火未发生；其中，失火粗暴度阈值由发动机转速、负荷以及对缸失火监测情况确定。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力汽车失火监测方法，其特征在于，发动机失火监测使能条件包括：
1)进入规定的失火诊断区域；
2)没有断油请求；
3)档位未变化，且档位发生变化后需延迟一定时间才能激活失火；
4)离合器处于完全接合状态，且离合器结合后需延迟一定时间后才能激活失火；
5)非颠簸路面；
6)水温在一定范围内；
7)诊断过程中节气门开度波动较小；
8)发动机处在运行状态；
在以上条件均满足一定时间后，可进行失火监测。
3.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力汽车失火监测方法，其特征在于，发动机曲轴起始角度和结束角度通过不同发动机转速和负载扫点标定得到。
4.一种混合动力汽车，其特征在于，该混合动力汽车采用权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的混合动力汽车失火监测方法。
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