CN114635408A - In-hole deep dynamic compaction method and system based on lower drop of rammer as quality control - Google Patents

In-hole deep dynamic compaction method and system based on lower drop of rammer as quality control Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114635408A
CN114635408A CN202210425797.4A CN202210425797A CN114635408A CN 114635408 A CN114635408 A CN 114635408A CN 202210425797 A CN202210425797 A CN 202210425797A CN 114635408 A CN114635408 A CN 114635408A
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China
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hole
dynamic compaction
deep
rammer
rope
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任红媛
司美浇
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Beijing Ruiming Architectural Design Institute Co ltd
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Beijing Ruiming Architectural Design Institute Co ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/046—Improving by compacting by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/08—Improving by compacting by inserting stones or lost bodies, e.g. compaction piles

Abstract

The invention provides a dynamic compaction method and a dynamic compaction system for deep layers in holes based on the lower fall of a rammer as quality control, wherein the method comprises the steps of forming holes on the working surface of a construction area; adding pile body materials into the holes and then carrying out one-round deep dynamic compaction in the holes; the step of dynamic compaction of deep layer in the wheel hole comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of enabling a rammer to be in a static state at an initial height through a winch and a rope body, enabling the rammer to fall, conducting n times of in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction on pile body materials in a hole by utilizing the falling of the rammer, recording the distance from the falling of the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction process each time, calculating a first difference value between the distance from the falling of the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the nth in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction process and the distance from the falling of the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the first in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction process, and judging to be qualified one round of in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction when the first difference value is larger than or equal to a first target difference value.

Description

In-hole deep dynamic compaction method and system based on lower drop of rammer as quality control
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation construction, in particular to a method and a system for dynamic compaction of deep layers in holes based on the lower fall of a rammer as quality control.
Background
In the beginning of the twentieth century, a dynamic compaction technology was invented from France, and the technology is a treatment mode of releasing a cylindrical hammer from the air through a free falling body on the ground, dropping the free falling body on the ground and flatly shooting the ground, and belongs to pretreatment. This technology was introduced into china in 1970 and used continuously throughout the country, but it has two problems: 1. the cylindrical flat hammer is flatly beaten on the ground, so that the strength of the consolidated foundation is low, and the strength of the treatment after dynamic compaction is usually lower than 150 kPa; 2. the pile body material is not added, the ground is compacted, the underground treatment depth is influenced, and deep foundation more than 8 meters below the ground is difficult to treat.
With the development of the country, various buildings and structures need to be built under different geological conditions in various regions throughout the country, the design indexes are different, the depth of the foundation to be treated is deeper and deeper, and the depth of the foundation to be treated in some fields reaches nearly 100 meters; the design strength of the foundation to be treated in some fields is not lower than 400kPa, so that the dynamic compaction technology can not adapt to the market demand gradually.
The invention relates to a corresponding deep-hole dynamic compaction technology, which has the advantages that: 1. the treatment depth is deeper; 2. pile body materials are required to be added in the treatment process; 3 different geological conditions and design indexes require different processes, but with the popularization and the application of the deep dynamic compaction technology in the hole, the requirements on the engineering quality are higher in the process, the process parameters need to be quantified and fixed according to the different geological conditions and the different design indexes, the process value is formulated, and the problem that the engineering quality cannot be guaranteed due to the fact that human factors have no target values is overcome. Therefore, a method for dynamic compaction of deep layer in hole for quality control is needed to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an in-hole deep dynamic compaction method and system based on the lower drop of a rammer as quality control, which are used for solving the technical problem that whether deep dynamic compaction in one round of holes is qualified is inconvenient to judge in the prior art, realizing accurate judgment on whether deep dynamic compaction in one round of holes is qualified and facilitating quality control.
The invention provides a method for dynamic compaction of deep layers in holes based on the lower drop of a rammer as quality control, which comprises the following steps:
forming a hole on the operation surface of the construction area;
adding pile body materials into the holes and then carrying out dynamic compaction on deep layers in the holes in one round;
the step of dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the wheel hole comprises the following steps: the height of the rammer is controlled to be lifted through a winch and a rope body, the rammer is in a static state at the initial falling height, then the rammer falls down, the pile body materials in the hole are subjected to deep dynamic compaction in the hole for n times by utilizing the falling of the rammer, and the initial heights of the rammers are the same in the process of dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole for n times, the distance from the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the process of dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole for each time is recorded, a first difference value between the distance from the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the process of dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole for n times and the distance from the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the process of dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole for the first time is calculated, when the first difference is larger than or equal to a first target difference, judging that the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of the qualified round is performed; and/or calculating a second difference value between the distances of the rammer falling to a static state or a minimum falling motion state in the deep dynamic compaction process of each two adjacent holes, and judging the qualified deep dynamic compaction in one round of holes when the second difference value is less than or equal to a second target difference value;
wherein n is an integer of 2 or more.
According to the method for dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole based on the lower drop height of the rammer as the quality control, the distance from the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state corresponds to the rope releasing amount of the rope body, and the distance difference from the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state corresponds to the distance difference of the rope releasing amount of the rope body.
According to the method for dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole based on the lower drop of the rammer as the quality control, the method for measuring the rope releasing amount of the rope body comprises the following steps:
one end of the rope body is connected with the winch, the other end of the rope body is connected with the rammer, and a measuring unit for measuring the rope releasing amount of the rope body is arranged in the range from the winch to two ends of the rammer and between and around the rope body;
the measuring unit is in signal connection with a calculating unit, and the calculating unit is used for calculating the difference between the rope pay-off amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole at the nth time and the rope pay-off amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole at the first time and/or calculating the difference between the rope pay-off amounts of the deep dynamic compaction processes in the holes at every two adjacent times;
the first difference value corresponds to the difference value between the rope pay-off amount of the deep-layer dynamic compaction process in the nth time and the rope pay-off amount of the deep-layer dynamic compaction process in the first time;
the second difference value corresponds to the difference value between the rope releasing amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in every two adjacent holes.
According to the method for dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole based on the lower drop height of the rammer as the quality control, the calculating unit is in signal connection with the comparing unit, and the comparing unit is used for comparing the difference value between the rope pay-off amount of the deep layer in the hole in the nth time and the rope pay-off amount of the deep layer in the hole in the first time with the first target difference value and/or comparing the difference value between the rope pay-off amounts of the deep layer in the hole in every two adjacent times with the second target difference value.
According to the method for dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole based on the lower drop of the rammer as the quality control, the method for measuring the rope releasing amount of the rope body comprises the following steps:
after the rammer finishes falling to a static state or a minimum falling motion state once in a deep dynamic compaction in a wheel hole, position marking is carried out on the rope body, and the first difference value and/or the second difference value are/is calculated according to the distance difference between the marked positions on the rope body;
the first difference value corresponds to the distance difference between the marking position of the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole at the latest time and the marking position of the deep dynamic compaction process in the first hole;
the second difference value corresponds to the distance difference between the marking positions of the deep dynamic compaction process in every two adjacent holes.
According to the method for dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole based on the lower drop of the rammer as the quality control, the rope body is subjected to position marking relative to the same reference object in the n times of dynamic compaction processes of the deep layer in the hole, and the reference object comprises a winch or a reference unit arranged on the winch.
According to the invention, the method for dynamic compaction of deep layer in hole based on the lower fall of the rammer as quality control further comprises the following steps:
after the qualified deep dynamic compaction in the hole of one round, adding the pile body material into the hole again, and before or after adding the pile body material, lifting the initial height of the rammer or returning the rammer to the initial height of the previous round and then performing the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of one round;
repeating m times of adding the pile body material into the hole again, and before or after adding the pile body material, lifting the initial height of the rammer or returning the rammer to the initial height of the previous round and then performing deep dynamic compaction on the round of hole to form a pile body in the hole until the designed pile top elevation of the pile body is reached in the hole;
wherein m is an integer of 2 or more and 180 or less;
and if the rammer returns to the initial height of the previous round to perform deep dynamic compaction in the next round of holes, increasing the number of times that the rammer falls to a static state or a minimum falling motion state when performing deep dynamic compaction in the next round of holes, wherein X is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 15.
According to the method for dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole based on the lower drop of the rammer as the quality control, the comparison unit is in signal connection with a prompt unit, after the deep layer in the hole is dynamically compacted in a qualified round, the prompt unit generates a prompt sound, before the pile body material is added, the height of the rammer is lifted by the winch and the rope body and then the pile body material is stopped for a period of time, and in the process of stopping for a period of time, the step of adding the pile body material into the hole again is completed;
wherein the stagnation period of time is 3-1800 s.
According to the method for dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole based on the lower drop height of the rammer as the quality control, provided by the invention, the first difference is 10-205cm, and the second difference is 0.1-19.5 cm.
According to the method for dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole based on the lower drop height of the rammer as the quality control, which is provided by the invention, the rammer is a hammer with different diameters from top to bottom, the diameter of the rammer is 0.3-2m, and the weight of the rammer is 1.5-18 t;
the pile body material is a single-component material or a multi-component material.
According to the deep dynamic compaction method in the hole based on the lower drop height of the rammer as the quality control, the distance of the rammer falling to the static state or the minimum falling motion state comprises the sum of the distance of the rammer falling to the static state or the minimum falling motion state at the initial height above the working surface and the depth of the rammer falling to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the hole below the working surface;
when the initial height of the rammer is positioned in the hole, the depth of the rammer falling to a static state or a minimum falling motion state in the hole below the working surface is the distance of the rammer falling to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole.
According to the method for dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole based on the lower drop height of the rammer as the quality control, when the rammer falls to the minimum falling motion state, the falling speed of the rammer is Ym/s, wherein Y is more than 0 and less than 10.9.
According to the method for dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole based on the lower drop height of the rammer as the quality control, the rope body is used as a traction rope, the rope body is one of a high-strength fiber rope, a steel wire rope, a steel chain or an iron chain, and the bearing capacity of the rope body is not lower than 1.8 tons.
The invention also provides a deep-hole dynamic compaction system based on the lower fall of the rammer as quality control, which comprises:
the rammer is used for carrying out deep-layer dynamic compaction on the pile body material in the hole;
the winch is connected with the rammer through a rope body and used for pulling the rammer in a lifting, falling, static state or minimum falling motion state in the vertical direction;
the measuring unit is arranged in the range from the winch to the two ends of the rammer and between and around the rope body and is used for measuring the rope releasing amount of the rope body in each deep hole dynamic compaction process;
the calculating unit is in signal connection with the measuring unit and is used for calculating the difference value between the rope pay-off amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole at the nth time and the rope pay-off amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole at the first time and/or calculating the difference value between the rope pay-off amounts of the deep dynamic compaction processes in the hole at every two adjacent times;
the comparison unit is in signal connection with the calculation unit and is used for receiving the difference value data, comparing a first difference value between the rope pay-off amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in the nth time and the rope pay-off amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in the first time with a first target difference value, and/or comparing a second difference value between the rope pay-off amounts of the deep dynamic compaction processes in every two adjacent times with a second target difference value;
the comparison unit is in signal connection with the winch and is used for controlling the working state of the winch.
The deep dynamic compaction system in the hole based on the lower drop of the rammer as the quality control further comprises a prompting unit;
the prompting unit is in signal connection with the calculating unit, and when the comparing unit compares a first difference value between the rope releasing amount of the nth-time in-hole deep dynamic compaction process and the rope releasing amount of the first-time in-hole deep dynamic compaction process with each other, and/or a second difference value between the rope releasing amounts of every two adjacent in-hole deep dynamic compaction processes is smaller than or equal to a second target difference value, the prompting unit generates a prompting sound.
The method and the system for dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole based on the lower drop of the rammer as quality control provided by the embodiment of the invention are characterized in that a pile body material is added after the hole is formed on the working surface of a construction area, then the rammer is used for dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole of one round, and the pile body material is added for a plurality of times and dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole of a plurality of rounds is correspondingly carried out, so that the forming of the foundation pile body in the hole is realized, wherein in the dynamic compaction process of the deep layer in the hole of one round, whether the dynamic compaction process of the deep layer in the hole of the round is qualified or not is judged by using a first difference value between the distance from the rammer falling to a static state or a minimum falling motion state in the process of the deep layer in the hole of the nth round and the distance from the rammer falling to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the dynamic compaction process of the deep layer in the hole of the first round, when the first difference value is greater than or equal to a first target difference value, the qualified dynamic compaction process of the deep layer in the round is judged, and/or the ram is/or the falling to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the dynamic compaction process of the deep layer in the hole of the deep layer in each two adjacent rounds is calculated And judging the qualified deep dynamic compaction in the hole of one round when the second difference value is smaller than or equal to a second target difference value, namely finishing the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of the round when the distance difference between the nearest deep dynamic compaction in the hole and the rammer in the first deep dynamic compaction process in the static state or the minimum falling motion state is met or the second difference value of the deep dynamic compactors in the holes of two adjacent rounds meets the second target difference value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the deep dynamic compaction method in a hole based on the lower drop of a rammer as quality control, provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a mechanical measuring method for the rope releasing amount of a rope body in the deep hole dynamic compaction method based on the lower drop of a rammer as quality control, provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a geological survey of the soil mass in the deep dynamic compaction method for holes based on the lower head of the rammer as the quality control according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic cross-sectional view of the geological survey of the soil mass in the deep dynamic compaction method for controlling the quality based on the lower head of the rammer according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a third schematic cross-sectional view of a geological survey of the soil mass in the deep dynamic compaction method for holes based on the lower head of the rammer as the quality control according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a fourth schematic cross-sectional view of the geological survey of the soil mass in the deep dynamic compaction method for controlling the quality based on the lower head of the rammer according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
The deep-hole dynamic compaction method based on the lower drop height of the rammer as quality control according to the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-2, and comprises:
forming a hole on the operation surface of the construction area;
adding pile body materials into the holes and then carrying out one-round deep dynamic compaction in the holes;
the method for dynamic compaction of deep layers in the wheel hole comprises the following steps: controlling the height of a rammer to be raised by a winch and a rope body, wherein the rammer is in a static state at the initial falling height, then the rammer falls, performing n times of in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction on pile materials in a hole by utilizing the falling of the rammer, the initial heights of the rammers in the n times of in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction processes are the same, recording the distance from the falling of the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in each time of in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction process, calculating a first difference value between the distance from the falling of the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the nth in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction process and the distance from the falling of the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the first in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction process, and judging the qualified one-wheel in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction when the first difference value is greater than or equal to a first target difference value; and/or calculating a second difference value between the distances of the rammer falling to a static state or a minimum falling motion state in every two adjacent hole deep layer dynamic compaction processes, and judging to be qualified one round of hole deep layer dynamic compaction when the second difference value is less than or equal to a second target difference value;
wherein n is an integer of 2 or more, that is, n is 2, 3, 4, 5 … …. Specifically, the value range of n can be 2-55, that is, the rammer carries out deep dynamic compaction in the hole for 2-55 times in one round of deep dynamic compaction. In the process of deep dynamic compaction in the hole, the rammer moves among a lifting state, a falling state, a static state or a minimum falling motion state in the vertical direction.
The method comprises the steps of adding pile materials after forming holes on an operation surface of a construction area, then using a rammer to carry out deep dynamic compaction in a hole, and carrying out deep dynamic compaction in a hole by multiple times by adding the pile materials and correspondingly carrying out multiple rounds of deep dynamic compaction in the hole, thereby realizing the formation of the foundation pile in the hole, wherein in the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole of one round, whether the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole of the round is qualified or not is judged by using a first difference value between the distance from the rammer falling to a static state or a minimum falling motion state in the deep dynamic compaction process of the hole of the nth time and the distance from the rammer falling to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the deep dynamic compaction process of the hole of the first time, when the first difference value is more than or equal to a first target difference value, the qualified deep dynamic compaction in the hole of one round is judged, namely, when the difference between the distance from the rammer falling to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the deep dynamic compaction process of the deep hole of the nearest deep hole and the deep dynamic compaction in the first time is satisfied, and finishing the wheel hole deep dynamic compaction, quantifying the hole deep dynamic compaction quality by using the method, and judging and controlling the hole deep dynamic compaction quality well so as to ensure the quality of the foundation reinforced and formed by the hole deep dynamic compaction.
Moreover, the quality can be guaranteed to be qualified by the scheme, and the excessive dynamic compaction times of deep layers in the hole can be compared to delay the construction progress.
It can be understood that, when a first difference between the distance of the ram falling to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the nth deep-hole dynamic compaction process and the distance of the ram falling to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the first deep-hole dynamic compaction process is greater than or equal to a first target difference, it can be determined that: in the process of dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the wheel hole, the dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole of the pile body material in the hole by the rammer meets the quality requirement, so that the subsequent construction process can be carried out at the moment.
It can be understood that, in the process of carrying out one round of deep-layer dynamic compaction in the hole, a first difference value between the distance of the hammer in the nth process of deep-layer dynamic compaction in the hole and the static state or the minimum falling motion state and the distance of the hammer in the first process of deep-layer dynamic compaction in the hole and the static state or the minimum falling motion state is calculated, and a second difference value between the distance of the hammer in the nth process of deep-layer dynamic compaction in the hole and the static state or the minimum falling motion state and the distance of the hammer in the (n-1) th process of deep-layer dynamic compaction in the hole is also calculated, and when the first difference value is greater than or equal to a first target difference value and/or the second difference value is less than or equal to a second target difference value, qualified one round of deep-layer dynamic compaction in the hole is judged.
Of course, if the first difference between the distance between the deep-layer dynamic compaction process of the rammer in the nth hole and the static state or the minimum falling motion state and the distance between the deep-layer dynamic compaction process of the rammer in the first hole and the static state or the minimum falling motion state is greater than or equal to the first target difference, but the second difference between the distance between the deep-layer dynamic compaction process of the rammer in the nth hole and the static state or the minimum falling motion state and the distance between the deep-layer dynamic compaction process of the rammer in the (n-1) th hole and the static state or the minimum falling motion state is not less than or equal to the second target difference, the qualified one-round of deep-layer dynamic compaction in the hole can be determined.
Of course, if the first difference between the distance between the deep dynamic compaction process of the rammer in the nth hole and the static state or the minimum falling motion state and the distance between the deep dynamic compaction process of the rammer in the first hole and the static state or the minimum falling motion state is smaller than the first target difference, but the second difference between the distance between the deep dynamic compaction process of the rammer in the nth hole and the static state or the minimum falling motion state and the distance between the deep dynamic compaction process of the rammer in the (n-1) th hole and the static state or the minimum falling motion state is smaller than or equal to the second target difference, the qualified one-round hole deep dynamic compaction can be determined.
The comparison of the first difference value and the first target difference value and/or the comparison of the second difference value and the second target difference value can judge the quality result only by satisfying the comparison of one difference value, and also can quantitatively judge the quality of deep dynamic compaction in the hole in multiple layers, so that the quality control of the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole in one round is more accurate.
It can be understood that, when a first difference between the distance from the hammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the nth deep hole dynamic compaction process and the distance from the hammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the first deep hole dynamic compaction process is greater than or equal to a first target difference, and a second difference between the distances from the hammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in every two adjacent deep hole dynamic compaction processes is less than or equal to a second target difference, it can be determined that: in the process of dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the wheel hole, the dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole of the pile body material in the hole by the rammer meets the quality requirement, so that the subsequent construction process can be carried out at the moment.
Wherein, install mast and support on the hoist engine, can install the pulley on mast and support, because the size and the variation in size of the rammer that promotes, the pulley can have one or more to constitute, the rammer can link to each other with the hoist engine through the rope body, the one end of rope body links to each other with the upper end of rammer, the other end of rope body links to each other with the power unit of hoist engine or winch after walking around the pulley, wherein, the distance that the rammer can fall to quiescent condition or minimum whereabouts state to the biggest more than the operation face has been decided to the top height of mast and support. The aforementioned distance of the ram falling to the stationary state or the minimum falling motion state will correspond to the rope pay-off amount of the rope body. The initial position of the rammer in the process of dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole can be above or below the operation surface of the hole, the initial point of the dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole of the rammer is selected according to different design index requirements, and the distance from the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state is measured by the rope releasing amount of the rope body.
The bearing of the rope body is not lower than 1.8 tons, the rope body can adopt high-strength traction ropes such as a steel wire rope, a high-strength fiber rope, an iron chain, a steel chain and an iron chain, and the rope body is not easy to bend and deform only in the process of falling of the rammer and lifting of the rammer. In the falling process of the rammer, the rope body is always connected with the rammer; or is separated from the ram at the initial position of the fall and then reconnected when falling to a static state or state of minimum falling motion. The winch or winch can make the rammer in a falling or static state or a minimum falling motion state or a lifting state by using the rope body.
The measuring mode of the rope releasing amount of the rope body comprises mechanical measurement and manual measurement.
The mechanical measuring mode of the rope releasing amount of the rope body comprises the following steps:
one end of the rope body is connected with the winch, the other end of the rope body is connected with the rammer, a measuring unit used for measuring the rope releasing amount of the rope body is installed on the rope body, the measuring unit is in signal connection with a calculating unit, and the calculating unit is used for calculating the difference value between the rope releasing amount of the nth-time deep dynamic compaction process and the rope releasing amount of the first-time deep dynamic compaction process and/or the difference value between the rope releasing amounts of every two adjacent-time deep dynamic compaction processes.
At this time, the first difference value corresponds to a difference value between the rope pay-off amount of the deep-hole dynamic compaction process in the nth time and the rope pay-off amount of the deep-hole dynamic compaction process in the first time.
The second difference value corresponds to the difference value between the rope releasing amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in every two adjacent holes.
The calculating unit is in signal connection with a comparing unit, and the comparing unit is used for comparing the first difference value with a first target difference value and/or comparing the second difference value with a second target difference value.
That is to say, the measuring unit can measure the rope pay-off amount of the rope body and then send the data information to the calculating unit, and the calculating unit can calculate the difference value between the rope pay-off amount of the nth deep dynamic compaction process and the rope pay-off amount of the first deep dynamic compaction process and/or calculate the difference value between the rope pay-off amounts of every two adjacent deep dynamic compaction processes.
The calculating unit is in signal connection with the comparing unit, and the comparing unit can be used to compare the difference with the first target difference and/or the second target difference, that is, the comparing unit can compare the first difference with the first target difference and continue to compare the second difference with the second target difference.
And the comparison unit is in signal connection with the winch, and when the comparison unit compares that the calculation unit calculates that the corresponding first difference is larger than or equal to a first target difference and/or the second difference is smaller than or equal to a second target difference, the comparison unit sends a signal to the winch so that the winch lifts the rammer to an initial position which is higher than the deep dynamic compaction in the previous round of hole in vertical height or returns to the initial position of the deep dynamic compaction in the previous round of hole, and then the winch stands still and keeps staying for a period of time.
Wherein, the measuring unit can measure the rope releasing amount of the rope body to be 3-80m (meter), and comprises one or more of an encoder, a transmitter or a sensor. And one or two or three of an encoder, a transmitter or a sensor are adopted to carry out non-manual measurement on the rope unwinding amount of the winch or the winch. Different types of encoders, transducers and sensors can be used according to different use environments, such as the environment affected by air temperature, air pressure, temperature, humidity and the like.
The manual measuring mode of the rope releasing amount of the rope body comprises the following steps:
after the rammer finishes falling to a static state or a minimum falling motion state once in a deep dynamic compaction in a wheel hole, marking the position on the rope body, and calculating a first difference value and/or a second difference value according to the distance difference between the marks on the rope body;
the first difference value corresponds to the distance difference between the marking position of the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole at the latest time and the marking position of the deep dynamic compaction process in the first hole;
the second difference value corresponds to the distance difference between the marking positions of the deep dynamic compaction process in every two adjacent holes.
The marking can be marking on the rope body, or tightening a buckle or a lock on the rope body, or binding a marking line on the rope body, and calculating to obtain the first difference and/or the second difference by using the distance difference between the marking positions.
In the process of dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole for n times in the hole of one round of dynamic compaction, the rope body marks the position relative to the same reference object, namely the position of each marking is ensured to be relatively accurate, so that the distance difference between the marked positions is very close to the numerical value of the first difference and/or the second difference. The reference object comprises a winch or a reference mechanism arranged on the winch.
According to the method for dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole based on the lower drop of the rammer as the quality control, provided by the invention, the method further comprises the following steps:
after the qualified deep dynamic compaction in the hole of one wheel, adding the pile body material into the hole again, before or after adding the pile body material, lifting the initial height of the rammer or returning the rammer to the initial height of the previous wheel and then performing deep dynamic compaction in the hole of one wheel;
repeated m times adds the pile body material to downthehole once more, is adding before the pile body material or add behind the pile body material, promote behind the initial height of ram or make the ram returns and carries out the step of a round of downthehole deep dynamic compaction again behind the initial height of last round to at downthehole formation pile body, until downthehole reaching the design the pile bolck elevation of pile body, wherein, m is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 180 integer, if the ram carries out next round of downthehole deep dynamic compaction for the initial height that returns last round, then is going on increase X times during next round of downthehole deep dynamic compaction the ram falls to quiescent condition or the number of times of minimum falling motion state, wherein, X is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 15 integer.
That is, the pile body material is added m times repeatedly and the deep dynamic compaction in the hole is carried out for m times, so that the pile body material is filled in the hole after the deep dynamic compaction in the hole, and when the added pile body material passes through the deep dynamic compaction in the hole and the finally formed pile body top section is consistent with the elevation required by the design, the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of the pile is completed. The pile material may form piles within the bore that reinforce the foundation.
After each round of deep dynamic compaction in the hole is finished, the height of the falling initial position of the rammer is lifted, the lifting height is the same or different at each time, and the lifting height of the rammer is not larger than the height of a pile body formed by pile body materials corresponding to the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of one round, so that the rammer is ensured to carry out effective construction operation. Wherein the maximum displacement of the ram in the vertical direction is 80 m. After the deep dynamic compaction in each round of holes is finished, the rammer can also be returned to the initial height of the previous round to carry out the deep dynamic compaction in the next round of holes, and the times of dropping the rammer to a static state or a minimum dropping motion state for X times are increased when the deep dynamic compaction in the next round of holes is carried out, wherein X is an integer which is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 15.
Through carrying out the downthehole deep dynamic compaction of many rounds, and the downthehole deep dynamic compaction of each round all reaches quality standard, alright make the quality of the finally fashioned foundation pile body guarantee to guarantee that the subsequent time of ground does not appear the quality problem.
Wherein, the pile body material can be added mechanically or manually in the deep dynamic compaction process in each round of holes.
The comparison unit is connected with a prompting unit through signals, the prompting unit generates a prompting sound after the qualified deep dynamic compaction in the hole of one round is carried out, before the pile body material is added, the winch and the rope body stop for a period of time after the height of the rammer is lifted, and the stop period is 3-1800s (seconds) during the normal operation period of the deep dynamic compaction in the hole. An alarm signal or a prompt signal is sent out by generating a prompt sound, so that a constructor knows that the deep-hole dynamic compaction process is completed, and can add a pile body material and then carry out the deep-hole dynamic compaction of the next round.
The first target difference may be 10-205cm (cm) and the second target difference may be 0.1-19.5cm according to physical parameters of different construction soil layers and different pile body materials.
Wherein, the rammer is a hammer with different diameters from top to bottom, the diameter of the rammer is 0.3-2m according to the aperture of deep dynamic compaction in different holes, the weight of the rammer is 1.5-18t (ton), and the pile body material can adopt a single component material or a plurality of components materials.
Wherein the distance that the ram falls to the static state or the minimum falling motion state comprises the sum of the distance that the ram falls to the working surface at the initial height above the working surface and the depth that the ram falls to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the hole below the working surface; when the initial height of the rammer is positioned in the hole, the depth of the rammer falling to a static state or a minimum falling motion state in the hole below the working surface is the distance of the rammer falling to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole.
When the rammer falls to the minimum falling motion state, the falling speed of the rammer is Ym/s, wherein Y is more than 0 and less than 10.9.
Specific examples are given below in connection with fig. 3-6:
the method is characterized in that a south is used as a white lotus rock road in a Shushan area of Hefei city, Anhui province, an east is used as a long road, a north is used as a Tianshi road, a west area is used as a bridge ferry road, a landform unit of the bridge ferry is a wave-shaped plain of Jianghuai, a micro-landform unit of the bridge ferry is a landform of a low mountain hilly land, and an area where the bridge ferry is planned is subtropical monsoon climate, cold winter and hot summer and rainfall is close to 1000 mm. The rainfall is concentrated in summer, the rainfall intensity is high, and the rainfall is concentrated in 5-6-month plum rainy seasons. The ground level in the proposed site is 56.90m, the minimum value is 49.12m, and the relative height difference of the ground level is 7.78 m. The groundwater types are upper layer stagnant water and bedrock fracture water. The upper layer of stagnant water is mainly stored in the first layer of miscellaneous filling soil, free stable water surface is not available, the main supply source is atmospheric precipitation, and the underground water level is discharged in an evaporation mode along with seasonal changes and is influenced by surface water runoff; the fracture water is mainly distributed in the third layer of strongly weathered argillaceous sandstone and the fourth layer of moderately weathered argillaceous sandstone.
The proposed site stratum mainly comprises miscellaneous fill, clay, argillaceous sandstone and the like, and the special rock and soil mainly comprises miscellaneous fill, expansive soil and weathered rock. The clay on the second floor in the proposed site has weak expansion potential, and has great influence on buildings and foundation pits. The miscellaneous fill is distributed in the whole field, has miscellaneous color, is wet-saturated and loose. The soil contains crushed stones, crushed bricks and the like, and the local parts of the soil contain plant roots and silt, so that the uniformity and compactness of the soil are poor, and the mechanical property is poor.
The lithologic characteristics of the soil layer are described from top to bottom as follows:
layer I is miscellaneous fill (Qml): mottle, wet-saturated, loose. Contains broken stones, broken bricks and the like, and locally contains plant roots and silt. The layer has a thickness of 0.30-14.40m and a bottom height of 40.06-49.93 m. Distributed over the entire site. The thick land section filled with local soil is a soil piling field at the southwest part of the field.
Layer is clay (Q3al + pl): gray, yellow brown-yellow, slightly wet, hard and plastic, contains ferric oxide, contains calcium tuberculosis, has no shake reaction, slightly lustrous, high dry strength and high toughness. The measured N value of the hit number in the standard penetration test is 12.0-17.0 hits/30 cm, and the average value is 14.6 hits/30 cm. The layer has a thickness of 0.60-6.70m and a bottom height of 34.46-49.23 m. Distributed over part of the site.
And thirdly, the upper layer of fully weathered argillaceous sandstone (E) -is brownish red, and the original rock is basically weathered into sand and soil, and residual fragments are locally visible. Contains minerals such as quartz and mica. The measured value of the hit number N in the standard penetration test is 40.0-46.0 hits/30 cm, and the average value is 42.7 hits/30 cm. The thickness of the layer is 0.90-2.10m, and the height of the bottom of the layer is 43.22-43.75 m.
And thirdly, the lower layer of strongly weathered argillaceous sandstone (E) -is brownish red, the structure of the original rock is damaged, the original rock is weathered into sand and soil, and residual structures and structures are locally visible. The rock mass contains minerals such as quartz, mica and the like, weathered fragments are locally clamped, the layer is extremely soft rock, a joint fracture develops, the basic quality grade of the rock mass is V grade, the impact number N value measured in a standard penetration test is 54.0-70.0 impact/30 cm, and the average value is 63.3 impact/30 cm. The layer has a thickness of 0.20-3.10m and a bottom height of 33.04-48.23m, and is locally absent.
And fourthly, the layer of the stroke-oxidized argillaceous sandstone (E) -is brownish red, has a silt structure, is cemented by argillaceous, has a core in a short column shape to a long column shape, contains quartz, mica and other minerals, is soft rock-softer rock, has relatively developed joint fractures, has a rock mass basic quality grade of V-IV grade, has a rock mass index RQD of 75-78%, has a rock mass saturated compressive strength R of 8.02-25.40MPa, has an average value of 17.34MPa and has a standard value of 15.74 MPa. The layer is not torn open, revealing a thickness of 3.20-11.50m, the layer being distributed over the entire field.
Designing parameters: the buried depth of the first factory building foundation is 5.4 meters, the buried depth of the second factory building foundation is 2.8 meters, and the bearing capacity characteristic value of the composite foundation after treatment requires: the bearing capacity characteristic value of the composite foundation processed under the building body with 3 stories of the upper-layer building is 150 Kpa; the bearing capacity characteristic value of the composite foundation processed under the building body with 4 stories of upper-layer buildings is 180 Kpa; the bearing capacity characteristic value of the composite foundation processed under the building body with 5 stories of the upper-layer building is 250 Kpa; and the bearing capacity characteristic value of the composite foundation after garage processing is 200 Kpa.
In a survey hole of the first factory floor (hereinafter referred to as hole # 213), the parameters of the survey hole are as follows:
Figure BDA0003608471350000161
as shown in fig. 3, in the first plant, the aperture of the 213# hole is 1.2m, the added pile material is gravel soil mixed with cement, the pile material is filled and leveled up from the opening elevation 50.77m (vertical elevation) of the 213# hole to the working surface ± 0 elevation of the engineering machinery is 51.05m (vertical elevation) after the site is cleared up and leveled up in advance, the foundation burial depth of the deeply buried foundation of the first plant is 5.4m, the settlement result that the bearing capacity characteristic value of the composite foundation can meet 250kPa through geotechnical calculation needs to be processed to 37.77m (vertical elevation) of the top of a argillaceous sandstone layer, the pile length needing deep-layer dynamic compaction processing in the hole is 51.05m-5.4m-37.77 m-7.88 m (vertical height), and the hole depth is 51.05m-37.77 m-13.28 m (vertical height).
Taking the # 213 hole as an example, the first target difference is set at 98cm, the second target difference is set at 16.5cm, and the diameter of the ram can be selected to be 1.1m and the weight of the ram can be selected to be 13 t.
After the working surface of the engineering machinery at the position of the 213# hole is subjected to hole forming by a hole forming machine, in the deep dynamic compaction in the 1 st round of hole, the adding amount of pile body materials added into the hole is 2.8m3The filling material of (1), the engineering machinery is on the working surface with the elevation of 51.05m (vertical elevation), the hoisting machine is used for lifting the rammer to the height of 8m (vertical height) away from the surface of the pile material added into the hole, the elevation of the height is 48.24m (vertical elevation), the falling initial position of the rammer is in the hole at the moment, then the rammer is released to enable the ram to freely fall and then to carry out deep dynamic compaction in the hole on the pile material added into the hole, after the rammer carries out first deep dynamic compaction in the hole, the added pile material can be extruded, the moving distance of the rammer (namely the falling height of the rammer) at the moment exceeds the height of the above 8m (vertical height), the measuring unit records the falling height value 1 of the rammer at the moment (namely records the rope releasing amount of 837cm at the moment), and the calculating unit records the data at the moment. And then, the position of the rammer is lifted by using a winch, the lifted height is consistent with that of the rammer in the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of the 1 st wheel, namely the lifted height is at the same initial height, then the rammer is released again, so that the rammer performs the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of the second time, the falling height value 2 of the rammer in the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole of the second time is recorded by the measuring unit (namely the rope releasing amount at the moment is recorded as 875cm), and the first difference value and the second difference value of the recording results of the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of the first time and the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of the second time can not meet the first target difference value and the second target difference value by calculating and comparing the calculating unit and the comparing unit. And then, the winch returns to the initial height of the wheel hole, the rammer is released again, so that the rammer performs third-time in-hole deep dynamic compaction, the measuring unit records the falling height value 3 of the rammer in the third-time in-hole deep dynamic compaction process (namely, the rope releasing amount at the moment is recorded as 902cm), and the first target difference value and the second target difference value cannot be met by calculating and comparing the first difference value and the second difference value of the recording results of the first-time, second-time and third-time in-hole deep dynamic compaction. The winch returns to the initial height of the wheel hole and then releases the rammer again to enable the rammer to carry out fourth time of deep-layer dynamic compaction in the hole, and the measuring unit records the compaction in the fourth time of deep-layer dynamic compaction in the holeThe height value of the hammer falling is 4 (namely, the rope releasing amount at the moment is recorded to be 925cm), and the first difference value and the second difference value of the recording results of the deep dynamic compaction in the hole for the first time, the third time and the fourth time cannot meet the first target difference value and the second target difference value through calculation and comparison. The winch returns to the initial height of the wheel hole, the rammer is released again, the rammer is enabled to carry out fifth-time in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction, the measuring unit records the falling height value 5 of the rammer in the fifth-time in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction process (namely, the rope releasing amount at the moment is recorded as 939cm), the recording results of the first-time, fourth-time and fifth-time in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction are calculated and compared, the difference value of the height value 5-height 1 is 102cm, the difference value is larger than the set first target difference value and is 98cm, and the target setting requirement is met; the difference value between the ratio of 5 and the height 4 is 14cm, the difference value is 16.5cm less than the set second target difference value, and the target setting requirement is met. And (4) judging that the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of the 1 st round is qualified by integrating two points. The prompting unit generates prompting sound, the ram is lifted to the height elevation of 49.74m (vertical elevation) by the winch, the ram is stopped for 20min, namely 1200s, and after pile body materials are added into the hole again in the stopping time, the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of the 2 nd round is started. After the deep dynamic compaction in the hole is carried out by utilizing the mode, the construction efficiency can be improved by 15 percent, the safety guarantee can be increased, the hidden danger of personnel safety caused by the fact that personnel are close to large-scale engineering machinery is avoided, and the purely mechanical construction is realized.
In the survey hole of the second factory floor (hereinafter referred to as hole 259 #) the parameters of the survey hole are as follows:
Figure BDA0003608471350000171
as shown in fig. 4, in the second plant, the aperture of the 259# hole is 1.2m, the added pile body material is gravel soil, the gravel soil is leveled in advance by the site, and then is filled and leveled from the aperture elevation 51.64m (vertical elevation) of the 259# hole to the working surface ± 0 elevation of the engineering machinery, which is 51.35m (vertical elevation), the foundation burial depth of the deeply buried foundation of the second plant is 2.8m, the settlement result that the bearing capacity characteristic value of the composite foundation is 180kPa can be met by geotechnical calculation, 35.84m (vertical elevation) of the top of the argillaceous sandstone layer is required to be processed, the pile length required to be subjected to deep-layer dynamic compaction treatment in the hole is 51.35m-2.8m-35.84m (vertical height), and the hole depth is 51.35m-35.84 m-15.51 m (vertical height).
Taking the # 259 hole as an example, the first target difference is now set to 90cm, the second target difference is set to 17cm, and the diameter of the ram can be selected to be 1.1m and the weight of the ram can be selected to be 13 t.
After the working surface of the engineering machinery at the 259# hole is drilled by a hole-forming machine, in the deep dynamic compaction in the 8 th round hole, the adding amount of pile body materials added into the hole is 2.8m3The pile filling method comprises the steps that the engineering machinery is lifted to a height of 8m (vertical height) away from the surface of a pile material added into a hole by a winch at a working face with the elevation of 51.35m (vertical elevation), the elevation of the height is 56.84m (vertical elevation), the falling initial position of a rammer is above the hole opening, the position of 5.49m (vertical height) away from the working face with the elevation of 51.35m (vertical height) is vertically above the hole opening of the engineering machinery, then the rammer is released to enable the rammer to freely fall, deep-layer dynamic compaction is carried out on the pile material added into the hole, after the rammer carries out first deep-layer dynamic compaction in the hole, the added pile material is extruded, the moving distance of the rammer (namely the falling height of the rammer) at the moment exceeds the height of 8m (vertical height), a measuring unit records the falling height value 1 of the rammer at the moment (namely the rope releasing quantity is cm at the moment), at which point the computing unit has recorded the data. And then, the winch is used for lifting the position of the rammer, the lifted height is consistent with that in the deep dynamic compaction in the 8 th round of hole, namely the lifted height is at the same initial height, then the rammer is released again, so that the rammer performs the second-time deep dynamic compaction in the hole, the falling height value 2 of the rammer in the second-time deep dynamic compaction process is recorded by the measuring unit (namely the rope releasing amount at the moment is recorded as 869cm), and the calculating unit and the comparing unit calculate and compare a first difference value and a second difference value of the recording results of the first-time deep dynamic compaction in the hole and the second-time deep dynamic compaction at the moment, so that the first target difference value and the second target difference value cannot be met. The rammer is released again after the winch returns to the initial height of the wheel hole, so thatAnd (3) carrying out third-time in-hole deep dynamic compaction by the rammer, recording the falling height value 3 of the rammer in the third-time in-hole deep dynamic compaction process by the measuring unit (namely recording the rope releasing amount at the moment to be 898cm), and calculating and comparing a first difference value and a second difference value of the recording results of the first-time in-hole deep dynamic compaction, the second-time in-hole deep dynamic compaction and the third-time in-hole deep dynamic compaction, wherein the first difference value and the second difference value cannot meet a first target difference value and a second target difference value. The winch returns to the initial height of the wheel hole and then releases the rammer again to enable the rammer to carry out fourth time of deep-layer dynamic compaction in the hole, the measuring unit records the falling height value 4 of the rammer in the fourth time of deep-layer dynamic compaction (namely records the rope releasing amount at the moment as 913cm), and the recording results of the first time, the third time and the fourth time of deep-layer dynamic compaction in the hole are calculated and compared, the difference value between the height value 4 and the height 1 is 79cm, the difference value is smaller than the set first target difference value as 90cm, and the target setting requirement is not met; the difference value between the ratio of 4 and the height 3 is 15cm, the difference value is smaller than the set second target difference value and is 17cm, and the target setting requirement is met. And judging that the deep dynamic compaction in the 8 th round of hole is qualified according to the requirement of meeting the set second target difference value. The prompting unit generates prompting sound, the elevation of the pile top after the deep dynamic compaction treatment in the hole is 48.05m (vertical elevation), the elevation of the pile top of the pile is 48.55m (vertical elevation) and is 0.5m (vertical elevation) away from the completed pile, and the work of the pile can be completed by carrying out the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of the 9 th round. And (3) lifting the rammer to the elevation of 58.34m (vertical elevation) by using a winch, stopping for 20min (i.e. 1200 s), adding pile body materials into the hole again within the stopping time, and starting deep dynamic compaction in the hole of the 9 th round. After the deep dynamic compaction in the hole is carried out by utilizing the mode, the construction efficiency can be improved by 15 percent, the safety guarantee can be increased, the hidden danger of personnel safety caused by the fact that personnel are close to large-scale engineering machinery is avoided, and the purely mechanical construction is realized.
The area of the famous county old country in the east of Handan city in Hebei is used as a proposed site, geomorphic units of the proposed site belong to eastern foot of Taihang mountain, North China is flung and Honghong plain in China, the proposed site is an artificial brick kiln earth taking pit, the original site shape height difference fluctuation of the proposed site is large, the proposed site is locally and hierarchically rolled and backfilled, the local part is tamped and backfilled, the tamping degree is not uniform, the area of the proposed site is a warm-warm zone semi-wet continental monsoon climate, the sunshine is sufficient, the rain and heat are in the same period, the dry cooling is in the same period, the frozen soil depth of the local area is 0.50m, and the field is seasonal frozen soil. The underground water of the proposed site is upper layer stagnant water, the water level of the stable underground water is buried for 24.5-25.5m (the height is 18.7-20.9m), the stable water level slightly rises and falls along with seasonal changes and peripheral rainfall, and the water level change range is 1.0-2.0 m.
The backfill soil of the proposed site is thicker, the stability of the building site is poor, and the site is an unfavorable earthquake-resistant segment of the building. A level I (slight) non-dead-weight collapsible soil layer is unevenly distributed on the proposed site, and the depth of the collapsible soil layer is within the range from the natural ground to 5.0-20.0 m.
The lithologic characteristics of the soil layer are described from top to bottom as follows:
layer (1) vegetable fill [ Q42(al + pl) ]: yellowish brown, slightly wet and dense, and contains main components of silt, silty clay and sandy soil, and a small amount of plant root systems are found locally. The layer of soil is recently layered rolling backfill. And after sampling by a exploratory well, the collage collapsibility coefficients of the layer are all less than 0.015, and the collapsibility of the layer can be not considered.
Layer (1-1) vegetable fill [ Q42(al + pl) ]: yellowish brown, slightly wet and slightly dense, and the main components are silt, silty clay and sandy soil. The layer of soil is recently tamped back filled. The plain filling soil has non-uniform compaction degree, and the collapsible coefficient of the plain filling soil is between 0.007 and 0.020 after sampling through a manhole, has I-grade slight collapsible property and is non-dead-weight collapsible soil.
Layer (1-2) vegetable fill [ Q42(al + pl) ]: yellowish brown, slightly wet and slightly dense, and the main components are silt, silty clay and sandy soil. The layer of soil is recently backfilled and has uneven compaction degree, and the collapsible coefficient of the plain filling soil is between 0.008 and 0.025 after sampling by a manhole, has grade I slight collapsible property and is non-dead-weight collapsible soil.
Silt [ Q42(al + pl) ] at layer (2): the coating is yellowish brown-brown, dense in middle, wet, non-tough, partially sandwiched with powdery clay thin layers, contains a small amount of carbon dust and a large amount of mica fragments, and has obvious local sand feeling and rapid shaking reaction.
Layer (3) powdery clay [ Q42(al + pl) ]: grayish brown, plasticity, moderate toughness, moderate glossiness, a small amount of rust spots of iron and manganese, a local clay thin layer, small shell fragments and moderate dry strength.
Silt [ Q42(al + pl) ] at layer (4): the yellow brown color is brown, dense and wet, a large amount of rust spots are seen, a small amount of powdery clay lumps are seen, a thin layer of powdery fine sand is seen, and a small amount of carbon dust is seen locally in the shaking reaction.
Layer (5) silty clay [ Q42(al + pl) ]: yellowish brown, plastic, smooth section, high toughness, local clay and sand layer, less rusty spot, small amount of broken snail shell, and low dry strength.
Silt at layer (6) [ Q42(al + pl) ]: brown, dense and wet, containing a large amount of rust spots, no toughness, and partially containing clay and sand, a large amount of mica fragments are seen, the part is changed into powder sand, and the shaking reaction is general.
Layer (7) powdered clay [ Q42(al + pl) ]: brown yellow, plastic, hard local plastic, moderate toughness, moderate glossiness, a large amount of iron-manganese nodules, silty soil lumps, moderate dry strength and sand grains in local parts.
Layer (8) of fine sand [ Q42(al + pl) ]: yellowish brown, slightly dense and wet, mainly comprises feldspar and mica, is provided with a thin powder soil layer, has general sorting property, is in a medium particle grade, has fine layering property, and has a small amount of rust spots on the local part.
Sand in layer (9) [ Q41(al + pl) ]: brown-brown yellow, dense and wet, has main components of feldspar and mica, has fine layer property, poor sorting property and good grain size, and is partially filled with silt and cohesive soil lumps. None of the boreholes penetrated the layer of earth.
Silty sand of (9-1) [ Q41(al + pl) ]: brown yellow, dense and wet, and mainly comprises feldspar, mica, silt and thin layer of silty clay.
Layer (10) fine sand [ Q41(al + pl) ]: brown, dense and wet, contains feldspar and mica as main components, and has a thin powder soil layer, fine layer, small rust spots and small ginger stone on the local part, and medium sand on the local part. None of the boreholes penetrated the layer of earth.
The foundation of the position of a garbage pool in a main workshop of the proposed site is buried by 5 meters; the foundation of the main plant (other areas) is buried by 3.6 meters; the buried depth of the chimney foundation is 5 meters; the foundation of the reclaimed water advanced treatment station is buried by 3.3 meters; the dormitory building foundation is buried by 2.8 meters; the foundation of the percolate treatment station is buried 3.8 meters deep; the foundation of the anaerobic tank is buried 3.3 meters deep; the foundation of the initial rainwater collecting tank is buried by 4.1 meters; the foundation burial depth of the fly ash temporary storage room is 2.8 meters; the buried depth of the truck scale foundation is 2.8 meters; the oil pump room and the oil tank foundation are buried 2.3 meters deep; the burying depth of the loading ramp foundation is 2.8 meters.
The bearing capacity characteristic value of the treated field composite foundation is as follows: the comprehensive main plant is more than or equal to 300 Kpa; the reclaimed water deep treatment station is more than or equal to 150 Kpa; the dormitory building is more than or equal to 150 Kpa; the percolate treatment station, the anaerobic tank and the initial rainwater collecting pool are more than or equal to 200 Kpa; the temporary storage time of the fly ash is more than or equal to 150 Kpa; the truck scale is more than or equal to 150 Kpa; the oil pump room, the oil tank and the ammonia water area are more than or equal to 120 Kpa; the chimney is more than or equal to 350 Kpa; the feeding slope is more than or equal to 200 Kpa.
In a survey hole (hereinafter referred to as a k51# hole) of a working surface of a main building (other area), parameters of the survey hole are as follows:
Figure BDA0003608471350000211
as shown in fig. 5, in the main building (other areas), the aperture of the hole k51# is 0.6m, the added pile material is soil-mixed cement, the pile material is filled with cement from the orifice elevation 44.60m (vertical elevation) of the hole k51# to the working surface ± 0 elevation of the engineering machinery, the foundation burial depth of the deeply buried foundation of the main building (other areas) is 3.6m, the settlement result that the bearing capacity characteristic value of the composite foundation is 300kPa can be met through geotechnical calculation, the distance 44.60m (vertical elevation) between the top of the powdered soil layer and the orifice elevation is 13.6m (vertical height), the pile length needing deep dynamic compaction treatment in the hole is 46m-44.6m +13.6m-3.6 m-11.4 m (vertical height), and the hole depth is 46m-44.6m +13.6m +15 m (vertical height).
Taking the k51# hole as an example, the first target difference is set at 80cm, the second target difference is set at 7cm, and the diameter of the ram can be selected to be 0.55m and the weight of the ram can be selected to be 3.5 t.
After the hole is formed on the working surface of the engineering machinery at the k51# hole position by a hole forming machine, in the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of the 6 th round, the filler with the addition of the pile body material of 0.45m3 is added into the hole, the engineering machinery is on the working surface with the elevation at 46m (vertical elevation), the winch is used for lifting the rammer to the height of 5m (vertical height) away from the surface of the pile body material added into the hole, the elevation of the height is 41.6m (vertical elevation), the falling initial position of the rammer is in the hole, the marking which is horizontal to the working surface with the elevation at 46m (vertical elevation) of the engineering machinery is carried out on the traction rope of the rammer by a manual marking mode, then the rammer is released to carry out the deep dynamic compaction in the hole on the pile body material added into the hole after the free falling of the rammer, after the first-time deep dynamic compaction is carried out on the hole, the added pile body material can be extruded, the moving distance (namely the falling height of the rammer) of the rammer at the moment exceeds 5m (vertical height of the falling of the rammer) Degree) of the ram, manually recording the value of the ram drop height 1 at that time (i.e., recording the amount of rope payout at that time as 509cm), and manually recording that data at that time. And then, the winch is used for lifting the position of the rammer, the lifted height is consistent with that in the deep dynamic compaction in the 6 th round of hole, namely the lifted height is at the same initial height, then the rammer is released again, so that the rammer performs the second-time deep dynamic compaction in the hole, the falling height value 2 of the rammer in the second-time deep dynamic compaction process is recorded by manual marking (namely the rope releasing amount at the moment is recorded as 519cm), and the first difference value and the second difference value of the recording results of the first-time and second-time deep dynamic compaction cannot meet the first target difference value and the second target difference value at the moment. And then, the winch returns to the initial height of the wheel hole, the rammer is released again, the rammer is enabled to carry out third-time in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction, the falling height value 3 of the rammer in the third-time in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction process is recorded by manual marking (namely, the rope releasing amount at the moment is recorded as 531cm), and the first target difference value and the second target difference value cannot be met by calculating and comparing the first difference value and the second difference value of the recording results of the first-time, second-time and third-time in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction. And then, releasing the rammer again after returning to the initial height of the wheel hole by using the winch to ensure that the rammer carries out fourth-time in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction, manually marking and recording the falling height value 4 of the rammer in the fourth-time in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction process (namely recording the rope releasing amount at the moment to be 542cm), and calculating and comparing the first difference value and the second difference value of the recording results of the first-time, third-time and fourth-time in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction to ensure that the first target difference value and the second target difference value cannot be met. And then, the winch returns to the initial height of the wheel hole, the rammer is released again, the rammer is enabled to carry out fifth-time deep-hole dynamic compaction, the falling height value 5 of the rammer in the fifth-time deep-hole dynamic compaction process is recorded by manual marking (namely, the rope releasing amount at the moment is recorded as 553cm), and the first target difference value and the second target difference value cannot be met by calculating and comparing the first difference value and the second difference value of the recording results of the first-time, the fourth-time and the fifth-time deep-hole dynamic compaction. And then, releasing the rammer again after the winch returns to the initial height of the wheel hole, so that the rammer performs sixth-time in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction, manually marking and recording the falling height value 6 of the rammer in the sixth-time in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction process (namely recording the rope releasing amount at the moment as 563cm), and calculating and comparing a first difference value and a second difference value of the recording results of the first-time, fifth-time and sixth-time in-hole deep-layer dynamic compaction, wherein the first difference value and the second difference value cannot meet a first target difference value and a second target difference value. And then, the winch returns to the initial height of the wheel hole, the rammer is released again, the rammer is enabled to carry out deep dynamic compaction in the seventh hole, the falling height value 7 of the rammer in the deep dynamic compaction process in the seventh hole is recorded by manual marking (namely, the rope releasing amount at the moment is recorded as 572cm), and the first difference value and the second difference value of the recording results of the deep dynamic compaction in the first hole, the sixth hole and the seventh hole can not meet the first target difference value and the second target difference value by calculation and comparison. And then, the winch returns to the initial height of the wheel hole, the rammer is released again, the rammer is enabled to carry out deep dynamic compaction in the hole for the eighth time, the falling height value 8 of the rammer in the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole for the eighth time is recorded by manual marking (namely, the rope releasing amount at the moment is recorded as 581cm), and the first difference value and the second difference value of the recording results of the deep dynamic compaction in the hole for the first time, the seventh time and the eighth time cannot meet the first target difference value and the second target difference value by calculation and comparison. The winch returns to the initial height of the wheel hole, the rammer is released again, the rammer is enabled to carry out deep dynamic compaction in the hole for the ninth time, the falling height value 9 of the rammer in the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole for the ninth time is recorded by manual marking (namely, the rope releasing amount at the moment is recorded as 590cm), the recording results of the deep dynamic compaction in the hole for the first time, the eighth time and the ninth time are calculated and compared, the difference value of the height value 9-height 1 is 81cm, the difference value is greater than the set first target difference value and is 80cm, and the target setting requirement is met; the difference value between the ratio of 9 and the height of 8 is 9cm, the difference value is 7cm when being larger than the set second target difference value, and the target setting requirement is not met. And judging that the deep dynamic compaction in the 6 th round of hole is qualified according to the requirement of meeting the set first target difference value. And then, manually prompting, namely, after the rammer is lifted to the height elevation of 42.4m (vertical elevation) by using a winch, stopping for 15min (minutes), namely 900s (seconds), adding the pile body material into the hole again within the stopping time, and then starting the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of the 7 th round. After the deep dynamic compaction in the hole is carried out by using the mode, the construction efficiency can be improved by 10 percent, the safety risk can be reduced, and the controllability of the engineering quality can be improved.
In a survey hole (hereinafter referred to as tk9# hole) in the working face of a chimney, the parameters of the survey hole are as follows:
Figure BDA0003608471350000231
as shown in fig. 6, in the chimney, the aperture of the tk9# hole is 0.6m, the added pile material is soil-mixed cement, the pile material is filled with 46m (vertical elevation) of ± 0 elevation of the working surface of the engineering machinery from 44.20m (vertical elevation) of the aperture elevation of the k51# hole after being leveled and leveled in advance in the field, the foundation burial depth of the deeply buried foundation of the main factory building (other areas) is 5m, the settlement result that the bearing capacity characteristic value of the composite foundation is 350kPa can be met through geotechnical calculation, the distance between the top of the silt layer and the aperture elevation is 44.20m (vertical elevation) and the depth is 15.3m (vertical height), the pile length needing deep dynamic compaction treatment in the hole is 46m-44.2m +15.3 m-12.1 m (vertical height), and the hole depth is 46m-44.2m +15.3 m-17.1 m (vertical height).
Taking the tk9# hole as an example, the first target difference is set at 85cm, the second target difference is set at 6cm, and the diameter of the ram can be selected to be 0.55m and the weight of the ram can be selected to be 3.5 t.
After the engineering machinery working surface at the position of the tk9# hole is formed by a hole forming machine, in the deep dynamic compaction in the 16 th wheel hole, the adding amount of the pile body material in the hole is 0.45m3(the filling material, the construction machinery is at the working face with the elevation at 46m (vertical elevation), the rammer is lifted to the height of 5m (vertical height) away from the surface of the pile material added into the hole by using the lifting unit, the elevation of the height is 47.5m (vertical elevation), the falling initial position of the rammer is above the hole opening, the position of 1.5m (vertical height) away from the working face with the elevation at 46m (vertical height) is vertically above the hole opening of the construction machinery, then the rammer is released to enable the rammer to freely fall, deep dynamic compaction is carried out on the pile material added into the hole, after the rammer is subjected to the first deep dynamic compaction into the hole, the added pile material is extruded, the distance of the rammer movement (namely, the falling height of the rammer) exceeds the height of the 5m (vertical height), the falling height value 1 of the rammer at the moment is manually marked and recorded (namely, the rope releasing amount at the moment is 508cm, the equivalent cord length from the starting height to a height of 1.5m of the opening needs to be considered) when this data is manually recorded. And then, the position of the rammer is lifted by using a winch, the lifted height is consistent with that of the rammer in the deep dynamic compaction in the 16 th round of hole, namely the lifted height is at the same initial height, then the rammer is released again, so that the rammer performs the deep dynamic compaction in the hole for the second time, and the falling height value 2 of the rammer in the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole for the second time is recorded by manual marking (namely the rope unwinding amount at the moment is recorded to be 517cm, and the equivalent rope length from the initial height to the height of 1.5m of the hole opening is required to be considered), and at the moment, the first difference value and the second difference value of the recording results of the deep dynamic compaction in the hole for the first time and the second time are calculated and compared, so that the first target difference value and the second target difference value cannot be met. And then, the winch returns to the initial height of the wheel hole and releases the rammer again to ensure that the rammer carries out third-time deep-layer dynamic compaction in the hole, the falling height value 3 of the rammer in the third-time deep-layer dynamic compaction process is recorded by manual marking (namely, the rope releasing amount at the moment is recorded to be 525cm, and the equivalent rope length from the initial height to the height of 1.5m of the orifice is required to be considered), and the first difference of the recording results of the first-time, second-time and third-time deep-layer dynamic compaction in the hole is calculated and comparedThe value and the second difference cannot satisfy the first target difference and the second target difference. … … until the rammer is rammed for the eleventh time, manually marking and recording the falling height value 11 of the rammer in the process of ramming for the eleventh time (namely recording the rope releasing amount at this time as 595cm, and considering the equivalent rope length from the initial height to the height of 1.5m of the orifice), and calculating and comparing the recording results of the first, tenth and eleventh time dynamic ramming for the deep hole, wherein the difference value from the height value of 11 to 1 is 87cm, and the difference value is greater than the set first target difference value of 85cm, thereby meeting the target setting requirement; the difference value between the ratio of the height to the height of 11-10 is 4cm, the difference value is 6cm larger than the set second target difference value, and the target setting requirement is met. And (5) judging that the deep dynamic compaction in the 16 th wheel hole is qualified by integrating two points. And then, manually prompting, wherein the elevation of the pile top after deep dynamic compaction treatment in the hole is 41.63m (vertical elevation), the elevation of the pile top is 41m (vertical elevation) higher by 0.63m (vertical height) after the pile is completed, and the pile is completed after the pile is dug out by 0.63m (vertical height). After the deep dynamic compaction in the hole is carried out by using the mode, the construction efficiency can be improved by 10 percent, the safety risk can be reduced, and the controllability of the engineering quality can be improved.
The deep-hole dynamic compaction system based on the lower head of the rammer as the quality control provided by the invention is described below, and the deep-hole dynamic compaction system device based on the lower head of the rammer as the quality control described below and the deep-hole dynamic compaction method based on the lower head of the rammer as the quality control described above can be referred to correspondingly.
The invention provides an in-hole deep dynamic compaction system based on the lower drop of a rammer as quality control, which comprises the rammer, a winch, a measuring unit, a calculating unit and a comparing unit, wherein the rammer is used for performing in-hole deep dynamic compaction on pile body materials in a hole, the winch is connected with the upper end of the rammer through a rope body and is used for drawing the rammer in a lifting, falling, static state or minimum falling motion state in the vertical direction, the measuring unit is arranged in the range from the winch to two ends of the rammer and between and around the rope body and is used for measuring the rope unwinding amount of the rope body in each in-hole deep dynamic compaction process, the calculating unit is in signal connection with the measuring unit and is used for calculating a first difference value between the rope unwinding amount in the nth in-hole deep dynamic compaction process and the rope unwinding amount in the first in-hole deep dynamic compaction process and/or calculating a second difference value between the rope unwinding amounts in each two adjacent in-hole deep dynamic compaction processes, the comparison unit is in signal connection with the calculation unit and is used for receiving the difference value data and comparing the difference value between the rope releasing amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in the nth hole and the rope releasing amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in the first hole with a first target difference value and/or comparing the difference value between the rope releasing amounts of the deep dynamic compaction processes in every two adjacent holes with a second target difference value, wherein the comparison unit is in signal connection with the winch and is used for controlling the working state of the winch.
Wherein, the rammer in the scheme is a hammer with unequal diameters at the upper part and the lower part, the diameter of the rammer is 0.3-2m, and the weight of the rammer is 1.5-18 t. The deep-hole dynamic compaction system can be used for carrying out deep-hole dynamic compaction on the pile body material in the hole during foundation treatment, and the pile body material can be a single-component material or a multi-component material.
The winch also can adopt mechanisms such as a winch, a mast and a support are arranged on the winch, pulleys can be arranged on the mast and the support, the rammer can be connected with the winch through a rope body, one end of the rope body is connected with the upper end of the rammer, and the other end of the rope body is connected with a power mechanism of the winch or the winch after bypassing the pulleys. The rope body can adopt a steel wire rope, a high-strength fiber rope, an iron chain or a steel chain and the like, and only the rope body is required to be ensured not to be bent or deformed easily in the process of falling and lifting of the rammer. In the falling process of the rammer, the rope body is always connected with the rammer; or is separated from the ram at the initial position of the fall and then reconnected when falling to a static state or state of minimum falling motion. The winch or the winch can enable the rammer to be in a falling, static or lifting state by utilizing the rope body.
The measurement unit includes one or more of an encoder, a transducer, or a sensor. And one or two or three of an encoder, a transmitter or a sensor are adopted to carry out non-manual measurement on the rope unwinding amount of the winch or the winch. Different types of encoders, transducers and sensors can be used according to different use environments, such as the environment affected by air temperature, air pressure, temperature, humidity and the like.
The calculation unit and the comparison unit can be integrated in the PLC controller, and the acquired data are calculated and compared based on PLC closed-loop control.
The measuring unit can measure the rope releasing amount of the rope body and then send data information to the calculating unit, the calculating unit can calculate the difference value between the rope releasing amount of the nth-time in-hole deep dynamic compaction process and the rope releasing amount of the first-time in-hole deep dynamic compaction process and/or calculate the difference value between the rope releasing amounts of every two adjacent in-hole deep dynamic compaction processes according to the fed-back data information, the comparing unit compares the first difference value with the first target difference value, and the second difference value is continuously compared with the second target difference value. When the comparison unit compares that the calculation unit calculates that the corresponding first difference is greater than or equal to the first target difference or the second difference is less than or equal to the second target difference, the comparison unit sends a signal to the winch so that the winch can lift the rammer and keep staying for a period of time, and therefore the working state of the winch is controlled.
It will be appreciated that when the ram is raised and held for a period of time, the ram will be above the vertical position of the hole, and the pile material can be added again to the hole for the next round of deep dynamic compaction.
The downhole deep dynamic compaction system based on the lower drop of the rammer as the quality control can also comprise a prompting unit which is in signal connection with a comparison unit, and when the comparison unit compares that the difference value between the rope pay-off quantity of the downhole deep dynamic compaction process of the nth time and the rope pay-off quantity of the downhole deep dynamic compaction process of the first time is larger than or equal to a first target difference value and/or the difference value between the rope pay-off quantities of the downhole deep dynamic compaction processes of every two adjacent times is smaller than or equal to a second target difference value, the comparison unit sends a signal to the prompting unit so that the prompting unit generates a prompting sound.
An alarm signal or a prompt signal is sent out by generating a prompt sound, so that a constructor knows that the deep-hole dynamic compaction process is completed, and can add a pile body material and then carry out the deep-hole dynamic compaction of the next round. Therefore, the delay of the time of pile body materials after the dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the wheel hole is finished is avoided, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. The utility model provides an downthehole deep dynamic compaction method based on drop is as quality control under the ram which characterized in that includes:
forming a hole on the operation surface of the construction area;
adding pile body materials into the holes and then carrying out one-round deep dynamic compaction in the holes;
the step of dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the wheel hole comprises the following steps: the height of the rammer is controlled to be lifted through a winch and a rope body, the rammer is in a static state at the initial falling height, then the rammer falls down, the pile body materials in the hole are subjected to deep dynamic compaction in the hole for n times by utilizing the falling of the rammer, and the initial heights of the rammers are the same in the process of dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole for n times, the distance from the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the process of dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole for each time is recorded, a first difference value between the distance from the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the process of dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole for n times and the distance from the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the process of dynamic compaction of the deep layer in the hole for the first time is calculated, when the first difference is larger than or equal to a first target difference, judging that the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of the qualified round is performed; and/or calculating a second difference value between the distances of the rammer falling to a static state or a minimum falling motion state in the deep dynamic compaction process of each two adjacent holes, and judging the qualified deep dynamic compaction in one round of holes when the second difference value is less than or equal to a second target difference value;
wherein n is an integer of 2 or more.
2. The method for deep dynamic compaction in a hole based on the lower drop height of a rammer as quality control according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state corresponds to the rope release amount of the rope body, and the distance difference from the rammer to the static state or the minimum falling motion state corresponds to the distance difference of the rope release amount of the rope body.
3. The method for dynamic compaction of deep layers in holes based on the fact that the lower drop of a rammer is used as quality control according to claim 2, wherein the method for measuring the rope releasing quantity of the rope body comprises the following steps:
one end of the rope body is connected with the winch, the other end of the rope body is connected with the rammer, and a measuring unit for measuring the rope releasing amount of the rope body is arranged in the range from the winch to two ends of the rammer and between and around the rope body;
the measuring unit is in signal connection with a calculating unit, and the calculating unit is used for calculating the difference between the rope pay-off amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole at the nth time and the rope pay-off amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole at the first time and/or calculating the difference between the rope pay-off amounts of the deep dynamic compaction processes in the holes at every two adjacent times;
the first difference value corresponds to the difference value between the rope pay-off amount of the deep-layer dynamic compaction process in the nth time and the rope pay-off amount of the deep-layer dynamic compaction process in the first time;
the second difference value corresponds to the difference value between the rope releasing amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in every two adjacent holes.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the computing unit is in signal connection with a comparing unit for comparing the difference between the rope releasing amount of the nth deep hole dynamic compaction process and the rope releasing amount of the first deep hole dynamic compaction process with the first target difference value, and/or comparing the difference between the rope releasing amounts of every two adjacent deep hole dynamic compaction processes with the second target difference value.
5. The method for dynamic compaction of deep layers in holes based on the drop height under the rammer as the quality control according to claim 1, wherein the manner of measuring the rope releasing amount of the rope body comprises the following steps:
after the rammer finishes falling to a static state or a minimum falling motion state once in a deep dynamic compaction in a wheel hole, position marking is carried out on the rope body, and the first difference value and/or the second difference value are/is calculated according to the distance difference between the marked positions on the rope body;
the first difference value corresponds to the distance difference between the marking position of the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole at the latest time and the marking position of the deep dynamic compaction process in the first hole;
the second difference value corresponds to the distance difference between the marking positions of the deep dynamic compaction process in every two adjacent holes.
6. The method for dynamic compaction of deep layer in hole based on lower drop of rammer as quality control of claim 5, wherein in n times of dynamic compaction of deep layer in hole in one round of dynamic compaction of deep layer in hole, the rope body is position-marked relative to the same reference object, and the reference object comprises a winch or a reference unit arranged on the winch.
7. The method for deep dynamic compaction in a hole based on the drop height under a rammer as quality control according to any one of claims 3 to 6, further comprising:
after the qualified deep dynamic compaction in the hole of one round, adding the pile body material into the hole again, before or after adding the pile body material, lifting the initial height of the rammer or returning the rammer to the initial height of the previous round, and then performing the deep dynamic compaction in the hole of one round;
repeating the step of adding the pile body material into the hole again m times, and before or after adding the pile body material, lifting the initial height of the rammer or returning the rammer to the initial height of the previous round and then performing deep dynamic compaction on the previous round of hole to form a pile body in the hole until the designed pile top elevation of the pile body is reached in the hole;
wherein m is an integer of 2 or more and 180 or less;
and if the rammer returns to the initial height of the previous round to perform deep dynamic compaction in the next round of holes, increasing the number of times that the rammer falls to a static state or a minimum falling motion state when performing deep dynamic compaction in the next round of holes, wherein X is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 15.
8. The method for deep dynamic compaction in hole based on the drop height of the rammer as the quality control according to claim 7, wherein the comparison unit is in signal connection with a prompting unit, the prompting unit generates a prompting sound after the deep dynamic compaction in hole of a qualified round, the winch and the rope body stop for a period of time after lifting the height of the rammer before the pile body material is added, and the step of adding the pile body material into the hole again is completed in the process of stopping for a period of time;
wherein the stagnation period of time is 3-1800 s.
9. The method of deep dynamic compaction in a hole based on the drop height under a ram as quality control of claim 1, wherein the first target difference is 10-205cm and the second target difference is 0.1-19.5 cm.
10. The method for deep dynamic compaction in a hole based on the lower drop height of a rammer as the quality control according to claim 1, wherein the rammer is a hammer with different diameters from top to bottom, the diameter of the rammer is 0.3-2m, the weight of the rammer is 1.5-18t, and the pile material is a single-component material or a multi-component material.
11. The deep hole dynamic compaction system based on the lower drop of the ram as quality control of claim 1, wherein the distance of the ram falling to the static state or the minimum falling motion state comprises the sum of the distance of the ram falling to the working surface at the initial height above the working surface and the depth of the ram falling to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the hole below the working surface;
when the initial height of the rammer is positioned in the hole, the depth of the rammer falling to a static state or a minimum falling motion state in the hole below the operation surface is the distance of the rammer falling to the static state or the minimum falling motion state in the deep dynamic compaction process in the hole.
12. The deep hole dynamic compaction system based on the mass control of the drop height of the rammer according to claim 1, wherein the falling speed of the rammer is Ym/s when the rammer falls to the minimum falling motion state, wherein 0 < Y < 10.9.
13. The deep hole dynamic compaction system based on the lower drop height of the rammer as the quality control according to claim 1, wherein the rope body is used as a traction rope, the rope body is one of a high-strength fiber rope, a steel wire rope, a steel chain or an iron chain, and the weight bearing capacity of the rope body is not lower than 1.8 tons.
14. The utility model provides an downthehole deep dynamic compaction system as quality control based on drop under the ram which characterized in that includes:
the rammer is used for carrying out deep-layer dynamic compaction on the pile body material in the hole;
the winch is connected with the rammer through a rope body and used for pulling the rammer in a lifting, falling, static state or minimum falling motion state in the vertical direction;
the measuring unit is arranged in the range from the winch to the two ends of the rammer and between and around the rope body and is used for measuring the rope releasing amount of the rope body in each deep hole dynamic compaction process;
the calculating unit is used for calculating the difference value between the rope pay-off amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in the nth time and the rope pay-off amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in the first time, and/or calculating the difference value between the rope pay-off amounts of the deep dynamic compaction processes in every two adjacent times;
the comparison unit is in signal connection with the calculation unit and is used for receiving the difference value data, comparing a first difference value between the rope pay-off amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in the nth time and the rope pay-off amount of the deep dynamic compaction process in the first time with a first target difference value, and/or comparing a second difference value between the rope pay-off amounts of the deep dynamic compaction processes in every two adjacent times with a second target difference value;
the comparison unit is in signal connection with the winch and is used for controlling the working state of the winch.
15. The deep hole dynamic compaction system based on the lower drop height of the rammer as quality control according to claim 14, further comprising a prompt unit;
the prompting unit is in signal connection with the calculating unit, and when the comparing unit compares a first difference value between the rope releasing amount of the nth-time in-hole deep dynamic compaction process and the rope releasing amount of the first-time in-hole deep dynamic compaction process with each other, and/or a second difference value between the rope releasing amounts of every two adjacent in-hole deep dynamic compaction processes is smaller than or equal to a second target difference value, the prompting unit generates a prompting sound.
CN202210425797.4A 2022-04-21 2022-04-21 In-hole deep dynamic compaction method and system based on lower drop of rammer as quality control Pending CN114635408A (en)

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