CN114634813A - Preparation method of core-shell heterogeneous magnetic aggregation-induced luminescence fluorescent microspheres - Google Patents
Preparation method of core-shell heterogeneous magnetic aggregation-induced luminescence fluorescent microspheres Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a core-shell heterogeneous magnetic aggregation induced emission fluorescent microsphere and a preparation method thereof. The magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microsphere provided by the invention is simple in preparation process, the prepared aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microsphere is of a core-shell heterostructure, the magnetic shell layer is uniform and sparsely distributed outside, the fluorescence and magnetic properties can be greatly reserved at the same time, and the magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microsphere has the advantages of strong fluorescence signal, strong magnetism, complete appearance, good dispersibility, narrow particle size distribution, controllable particle size, easiness in surface modification and the like, is suitable for ultra-sensitive detection of trace target analytes in complex matrixes, and has wide application prospects in clinical and emergency field detection, such as early screening of infectious diseases and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nano synthesis and analysis and application thereof, and particularly relates to a core-shell heterogeneous magnetic fluorescent microsphere based on aggregation-induced emission and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Fluorescence analysis technology has been widely used in the fields of clinical diagnosis, food safety detection, environmental monitoring, etc. because of its advantages of rapidness, sensitivity, good selectivity, convenient detection, etc. Currently, commonly used fluorescent emitters include organic fluorescent dyes, quantum dots, upconversion nanoparticles, and the like. However, a single fluorescent luminophore as a signaling probe tends to have a weak signal, and the relatively low detection sensitivity limits its application in ultra-sensitive detection to some extent. In recent years, with the rapid development of nanoscience and technology, various novel nano-carriers (such as mesoporous silica microspheres and polystyrene microspheres) or polymer assemblies have been reported to be used for loading fluorescent luminophores and serve as detection probes to improve the detection sensitivity of fluorescence analysis. However, the fluorescence of the conventional organic fluorescent dye or quantum dot is greatly reduced and even aggregation induced quenching (ACQ) occurs at high concentration or aggregation state, so that the loading of the fluorescent material and the sensitivity of the probe are greatly limited, which limits the application of the fluorescent probe in the field of high-sensitivity analysis to a certain extent. In recent years, the phenomenon of "aggregation induced emission" (AIE) found by the subject group of Tang-Council university of hong Kong science and technology has become a hotspot in the field of fluorescence. Different from the traditional aggregation quenching type organic fluorescent dye, the fluorescent dye with aggregation-induced emission property has weak light emission even is difficult to observe in a dilute solution state, but can emit bright fluorescence when aggregation occurs in a solution or in a solid state. The aggregation-induced emission fluorescent dye solves the problem of fluorescence quenching of the traditional fluorescent light emitter at high concentration due to the unique property of solid-state emission, and provides possibility for improving the carrying capacity of the fluorescent light emitter and the sensitivity of fluorescence analysis.
In addition, the nanoprobe faces the problems of complex substrate environment, low target content, background color interference and the like in practical application, which puts requirements on the development of multifunctional fluorescent nanoprobes. Wherein, the fluorescent-magnetic bifunctional nanoprobe has fluorescence and superparamagnetism at the same time, and has very wide application prospect in the fields of biological labeling, separation and detection. At present, the traditional 'fluorescence-magnetism' nano probe is mainly prepared by methods such as in-situ growth, layer-by-layer assembly, template embedding and the like, and has the problems of small fluorophore loading capacity and low sensitivity. Moreover, most of the fluorescence-magnetic nano probes have a magnetic @ fluorescence nano structure, and the external nano layer has a strong magnetic shielding effect on the magnetic inner core, so that the magnetic function of the nano probe is greatly weakened. Theoretically, the magnetic component is used as the shell of the fluorescent nano probe to form a novel fluorescent @ magnetic core-shell heterostructure nano composite material, and the shielding effect of the magnetic component can be effectively avoided. In addition, the fluorescence performance of the "fluorescence-magnetic" nanoprobe can be easily improved by increasing the mass percentage of the fluorescent component. Therefore, the precise control of the spatial distribution of the fluorescent component and the magnetic component is very important for constructing an ideal 'fluorescence @ magnetism' core-shell heterostructure. Based on the above, the invention provides a preparation method of size-controllable core-shell heterogeneous magnetic AIE fluorescent microspheres (magnetic aggregation induced emission fluorescent microspheres). No published literature report of preparing the core-shell heterogeneous magnetic AIE fluorescent microspheres by adopting a microemulsion method is found through retrieval.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a magnetic AIE fluorescent microsphere with the particle size of 100-1000nm, which has the characteristics of high fluorescence intensity, high magnetism, a core-shell heterostructure, narrow particle size distribution and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for preparing core-shell heterogeneous magnetic fluorescent microspheres based on aggregation-induced emission comprises mixing red-emitting AIE single molecules with oleic acid-modified magnetic Fe3O4Dissolving nano particles and amphiphilic polymer in a good solvent, then adding an aqueous solution containing a surfactant, ultrasonically preparing the solution into a microemulsion, removing the good solvent in the microemulsion, redissolving the obtained precipitate in alkaline water for hydrolysis to obtain a carboxylated surface, redissolving the cleaned precipitate in a buffer solution to prepare the magnetic aggregation induced luminescence fluorescent microspheres (magnetic aggregation induced luminescence fluorescent microspheres), wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) oleic acid modified magnetic Fe3O4Nanoparticles (OC-Fe)3O4NPs) preparation
(a) Firstly, 1.59g FeCl2·4H2O and 2.59g FeCl3Dissolved in 150mL of ultrapure water, purged with nitrogen, heated to 50 ℃ and kept under heating for 15 min. Subsequently, 12.5mL NH was added rapidly at 500rpm3·H2O, reacting for 30min, wherein the color of the solution is changed from yellow to black. The precipitate was then collected under the action of an applied magnetic field and washed 5 times with ultrapure water. The resulting precipitate was dissolved in 100mL of ultrapure water under sonication. (b) 1.2mL of oleic acid are then added and the suspension is stirred at 70 ℃ for 3h under nitrogen protection. Finally, the synthesized OC-Fe3O4NPs were washed three times with ethanol and resuspended in chloroform, and their mass concentration was determined for use.
(2) Preparation of magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microsphere (magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microsphere)
Magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microspheres are prepared by a microemulsion method. (a) Dissolving AIE molecule and amphiphilic polymer in good solvent chloroform, dissolving surfactant Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) in ultrapure water, adding the obtained SDS water solution into the chloroform mixed solution, and oscillating and ultrasonic treating to obtain coarse emulsionAnd (4) liquid. (b) The resulting crude emulsion was sonicated with a cell disruptor and then stabilized in ultrapure water to produce a relatively stable "oil-in-water" microemulsion. (c) Transferring the obtained stable microemulsion into a rotary evaporation bottle, removing chloroform by using a rotary evaporator to prepare the shaped magnetic aggregation induced luminescence fluorescent microsphere, magnetically absorbing the microsphere in an external magnetic field to remove supernatant, and re-dissolving the precipitate with alkaline water to carry out surface hydrolysis. (d) Magnetic attraction cleaning is carried out on the magnetic aggregation induced luminescence fluorescent microspheres hydrolyzed by alkaline water, and finally the microspheres are dispersed in buffer solution. (e) The magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microsphere with the diameter of 100-1000nm can be controllably prepared by changing the volumes of the chloroform phase and the water phase, the concentration of SDS, the quality of the amphiphilic polymer, the ultrasonic power and the time. (f) By modulating AIE and OC-Fe3O4The material input of the NPs can regulate and control the fluorescence and magnetic properties of the magnetic aggregation induced luminescence fluorescent microspheres.
The invention also provides the core-shell heterogeneous magnetic aggregation induced luminescence fluorescent microsphere prepared by the method, which has an obvious core-shell heterogeneous structure, AIE self-aggregation is positioned in an inner core, and magnetic Fe3O4The magnetic shell layer of the nano particles is uniformly and sparsely distributed on the surface of the outer amphiphilic polymer shell layer, and meanwhile, the fluorescent and magnetic properties are greatly kept, and the nano particles have the advantages of strong fluorescent signal, strong magnetism, complete appearance, good dispersity, narrow particle size distribution, controllable particle size and easy surface modification.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method for preparing the magnetic aggregation induced emission fluorescent microspheres has the advantages of simple process, no need of complex instruments and short time. The prepared aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microsphere has a core-shell heterostructure and has the advantages of strong fluorescent signal, strong magnetism, complete morphology, good dispersibility, narrow particle size distribution, controllable particle size and the like.
(2) According to the invention, the particle size of the prepared magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microsphere can be adjusted by adjusting the oil phase volume, the oil-water ratio, the surfactant concentration, the emulsification power and the emulsification temperature, so that the requirements of different application scenes can be met.
(3) The carboxylated surface of the polymer of the invention can be used for direct biological modification coupling without further functional group functionalization. The magnetic function is suitable for the ultra-sensitive detection of trace target analytes in complex matrixes, and has wide application prospects in clinical and emergency field detection, such as early screening of infectious diseases and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a representation of a transmission electron microscope of magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microspheres.
FIG. 2 is a fluorescence spectrum of the magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microsphere.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the synthesis of magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microspheres according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. Well-known structures or functions may not be described in detail in the following embodiments in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the details. Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used in the following examples have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The test reagent consumables used in the following examples are all conventional chemical reagents unless otherwise specified; the experimental methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Example 1AIE @ PMAO/Fe3O4NPs
The invention provides oleic acid modified magnetic Fe3O4A method for preparing nanoparticles. First, water-soluble Fe is prepared3O4Nanoparticles, 1.59g FeCl was weighed2·4H2O and 2.59g FeCl3Dissolved in 150mL of ultrapure water, purged with nitrogen, mechanically stirred at 500rpm, and heated to 50 ℃ with continued heating for 15 min. Subsequently, 12.5mL NH was added rapidly3·H2O, reacting for 30min, wherein the color of the solution is changed from yellow to black. Then, the precipitate was collected under the action of an applied magnetic field and washed 5 times with ultrapure water, and the resulting precipitate was dissolved in 100mL of ultrapure water under the action of ultrasonic waves. Followed by the addition of the resulting Fe3O4The nanoparticles are converted into an oil phase by oleic acid treatment. Adding into the obtained precipitation solution1.2mL of oleic acid are added and the suspension is stirred at 70 ℃ for 3h under nitrogen. Finally, the synthesized OC-Fe3O4NPs were washed three times with ethanol and resuspended in chloroform to a final concentration of 0.3mg mL-1And stored at 4 ℃ for later use.
Example 2
The invention provides a preparation method of magnetic aggregation induced emission fluorescent microspheres, and the magnetic aggregation induced emission fluorescent microspheres prepared in the embodiment are AIE @ PMAO/Fe3O4NPs, wherein the inner core AIE molecule is AIE, the outer shell polymer is octadecene maleic anhydride Polymer (PMAO), the preparation method is microemulsion method, the synthetic method is shown in figure 3, and the specific preparation steps are as follows:
(1) PMAO is weighed and dissolved in trichloromethane to prepare the final concentration of 100mg mL-1. Prepare 0.2mg mL-1Aqueous Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS). 6mg of AIE molecule was weighed and added to 50. mu.L of 100mg mL of the solution-1PMAO solution, 20. mu.L, 0.3mg mL-1Fe3O4And (3) fully dissolving the NPs solution and 80 mu L of chloroform, and uniformly mixing to obtain an oil phase. Then, the ratio of the water phase to the oil phase was 150. mu.L: 400 μ L, 0.2mg mL of 400 μ L-1SDS, repeatedly shaken and sonicated until a homogeneous crude emulsion was formed.
(2) The crude emulsion was further subjected to micro-emulsification, and then subjected to ultrasonic emulsification at 25 ℃ for 5 minutes (9.9 seconds on; 5.5 seconds off) using a cell disruptor, the emulsification power being 114W. The microemulsion is redissolved in 6mL of ultrapure water to prepare the relatively stable oil-in-water microemulsion.
(3) And transferring the microemulsion into a rotary evaporation bottle, carrying out rotary evaporation for 30 minutes under the pressure of 0.085MPa, and removing a good solvent chloroform in the microemulsion to obtain the solidified polymer microspheres. And magnetically attracting under an external magnetic field for 10min to remove supernatant, redissolving the supernatant into 6mL of alkaline water with the pH value of 10, and hydrolyzing for 24 hours to hydrolyze the anhydride of the polymer on the surfaces of the microspheres into carboxyl. Centrifugation was repeated 3 times using ultrapure water. Finally, the carboxylated aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microspheres were re-dissolved in 6mL of 0.01M phosphate buffer at pH 7.
As shown in FIG. 1, the prepared AIE @ PMAO/Fe3O4NPs areThe particle size distribution is uniform, the diameter distribution is about 250nm, and the microsphere has an obvious core-shell heterostructure, AIE is positioned in the microsphere, PMAO polymer is used as a shell layer, Fe3O4The NPs are uniformly distributed within the polymer shell. Compared with the traditional magnetic fluorescent probe, the AIE @ PMAO/Fe prepared by the invention3O4The NPs magnetic component is positioned outside, so that the shielding effect of the microsphere component on the magnetism of the microsphere component is greatly reduced, and the excellent magnetic performance is ensured; and the occupied volume ratio of the magnetic part is small, and the external magnetic shell layer is thin and sparse, so that the reduction of fluorescence caused by the internal filtering effect is effectively reduced. And the internal AIE nucleus occupies larger volume, has high loading capacity and good fluorescence performance. As shown in FIG. 2, AIE @ PMAO/Fe3O4NPs have a fluorescence spectrum shape consistent with AIE @ PMAO NPs, and the fluorescence intensity remains 67%, which ensures high sensitivity for subsequent applications.
The magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microsphere with the diameter of 100-1000nm can be controllably prepared by changing the volumes of the chloroform phase and the water phase, the concentration of SDS, the quality of the amphiphilic polymer, the ultrasonic power and the time. By modulating AIE and OC-Fe3O4The material input of the NPs can regulate and control the fluorescence and magnetic properties of the magnetic aggregation induced luminescence fluorescent microspheres. This will be exemplified by the following examples.
Example 3
The invention provides a preparation method of magnetic aggregation induced emission fluorescent microspheres, and the magnetic aggregation induced emission fluorescent microspheres prepared in the embodiment are AIE @ PMAO/Fe3O4NPs with the particle size of about 100nm are prepared by the following steps:
(1) 6mg of AIE molecule was weighed and 60. mu.L of 100mg mL of AIE molecule was added to each of the weighed molecules-1PMAO solution, 20. mu.L, 0.3mg mL- 1Fe3O4NPs solution and 120 mu L chloroform are fully dissolved and uniformly mixed to obtain an oil phase. Then, the ratio of the water phase to the oil phase was 200. mu.L: 1000. mu.L, 1000. mu.L of 2.5mg mL was added-1SDS, repeatedly shaken and sonicated until a homogeneous crude emulsion was formed.
(2) The crude emulsion was further subjected to micro-emulsification, and then subjected to ultrasonic emulsification at 25 ℃ for 5 minutes (9.9 seconds on; 5.5 seconds off) using a cell disruptor, the emulsification power being 114W. The resulting microemulsion was redissolved in 6mL of ultrapure water to make a relatively stable "oil-in-water" microemulsion.
(3) And transferring the microemulsion into a rotary evaporation bottle, carrying out rotary evaporation for 30 minutes under the pressure of 0.085MPa, and removing a good solvent chloroform in the microemulsion to obtain the solidified polymer microspheres. And magnetically attracting under an external magnetic field for 10min to remove supernatant, redissolving the supernatant into 6mL of alkaline water with the pH value of 10, and hydrolyzing for 24 hours to hydrolyze the anhydride of the polymer on the surfaces of the microspheres into carboxyl. Centrifugation was repeated 3 times using ultrapure water. Finally, the carboxylated aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microspheres are re-dissolved in 6ml of 0.01M phosphate buffer with pH 7.
Example 4
The invention provides a preparation method of magnetic aggregation induced emission fluorescent microspheres3O4NPs with the particle size of about 250nm are prepared by the following steps:
(1) 6mg of AIE molecule was weighed and added to 50. mu.L of 100mg mL-1PMAO solution, and 7, 13, 27, 53. mu.L of 0.3mg mL each-1OC-Fe3O4The NPs solution was mixed with 93, 87, 73, and 47. mu.L of chloroform to obtain an oil phase. Then, the ratio of the water phase to the oil phase was 150. mu.L: 400 μ L, 0.2mg mL of 400 μ L-1SDS, repeatedly shaken and sonicated until a homogeneous crude emulsion was formed.
(2) The crude emulsion was further micro-emulsified by ultrasonic emulsification at 25 ℃ for 5 minutes (9.9 seconds on; 5.5 seconds off) using a cell disruptor, at an emulsification power of 114W. The microemulsion is redissolved in 6mL of ultrapure water to prepare the relatively stable oil-in-water microemulsion.
(3) And transferring the microemulsion into a rotary evaporation bottle, carrying out rotary evaporation for 30 minutes under the pressure of 0.085MPa, and removing a good solvent chloroform in the microemulsion to obtain the solidified polymer microspheres. And magnetically attracting under an external magnetic field for 10min to remove supernatant, redissolving the supernatant into 6mL of alkaline water with the pH value of 10, and hydrolyzing for 24 hours to hydrolyze the anhydride of the polymer on the surfaces of the microspheres into carboxyl. Centrifugation was repeated 3 times using ultrapure water. Finally, the carboxylated aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microspheres are re-dissolved in 6ml of 0.01M phosphate buffer with pH 7.
And (4) conclusion: the invention successfully provides a preparation method of the core-shell heterogeneous magnetic aggregation-induced luminescence fluorescent microsphere, which has the advantages of simple process, no need of complex instruments and short time. The prepared aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microsphere has the advantages of strong fluorescent signal, strong magnetism, complete appearance, good dispersibility, narrow particle size distribution, controllable particle size and the like. The particle size of the prepared magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microsphere can be adjusted by adjusting the oil phase volume, the oil-water ratio, the surfactant concentration, the emulsification power and the emulsification temperature, and the requirements of different application scenes can be met. The carboxylated surface of the polymer can be used for direct biorefinery coupling without further functional group functionalization. The magnetic function is suitable for the ultra-sensitive detection of trace target analytes in complex matrixes, and has wide application prospects in clinical and emergency field detection, such as early screening of infectious diseases and the like.
The invention can also adopt other polymers, good solvents and surfactants to prepare the magnetic AIE microspheres. Therefore, extensions and extensions of the present invention based on other microsphere components are also within the scope of the present invention. In addition, the invention can also adopt different fluorescence color development AIE molecules to prepare multicolor magnetic AIE microspheres for the application of multi-channel detection. Therefore, extensions and extensions of the present invention based on other AIE molecules are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of core-shell heterogeneous magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microspheres is characterized by comprising the following steps: the aggregation induced emission molecules (AIE), the amphiphilic polymer and the magnetic nanoparticles are self-assembled in one step by a microemulsion method, and the surfaces of the aggregation induced emission molecules (AIE), the amphiphilic polymer and the magnetic nanoparticles are functionalized by carboxyl groups to prepare the magnetic aggregation induced emission fluorescent microspheres.
2. The specific preparation method of the core-shell heterogeneous magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microsphere according to claim 1, wherein aggregation-induced emission molecules, amphiphilic polymers and magnetic nanoparticles are dissolved in a good solvent, a surfactant aqueous solution is added, and the solution is prepared into a microemulsion; removing the good solvent in the microemulsion, redissolving the obtained precipitate in alkaline water, and hydrolyzing to obtain a carboxylated surface to prepare the magnetic aggregation induced luminescence fluorescent microsphere; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) oleic acid modified magnetic Fe3O4Nanoparticles (OC-Fe)3O4NPs) preparation
(1-1) 1.5-3.0g of FeCl2·4H2O and 2.5-5.0g FeCl3Dissolving in 150-200mL of ultrapure water, introducing nitrogen for protection, heating to 50 ℃, and continuously heating for 15-30 min;
(1-2) at 500rpm, 12.5-25mL NH was added rapidly3·H2O, reacting for 30-60min, wherein the color of the solution is changed from yellow to black;
(1-3) collecting the precipitate under the action of an external magnetic field, and washing the precipitate for 5 times by using ultrapure water; dissolving the obtained precipitate in 100-200mL of ultrapure water under the action of ultrasonic waves;
(1-4) adding 1.2-2.4mL of oleic acid (OC), stirring the suspension at 70 ℃ for 3-6h under the protection of nitrogen, and synthesizing OC-Fe3O4 NPs；
(1-4) Synthesis of OC-Fe3O4NPs are washed three times by ethanol and are suspended in chloroform, and the mass concentration of the NPs is measured for later use;
(2) preparation of magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microspheres
(2-1) weighing an amphiphilic polymer polymaleic anhydride-octadecene copolymer (PMAO) and dissolving in trichloromethane to prepare the final concentration of 100-150mg mL-1(ii) a Prepare 0.2-0.3mg mL-1Aqueous Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS); weighing 6-12mg AIE molecule, respectively adding 50-100 μ L100 mg mL-1PMAO solution, 20-40. mu.L, 0.3mg mL-1OC-Fe3O4Fully dissolving NPs solution and 80-100 mu L chloroform, and uniformly mixing to obtain an oil phase; then, according to the ratio of the water phase to the oil phase of 150. mu.L: 400. mu.L, 400. mu.L and 600. mu.L of 0.2mg mL are added-1SDS, shake and supersound repeatedly, until forming homogeneous crude emulsion;
(2-2) further performing micro-emulsification on the coarse emulsion, and performing ultrasonic emulsification for 5-10 minutes (opening for 9.9 seconds; closing for 5.5 seconds) at 25 ℃ by using a cell disruptor, wherein the emulsification power is 120-160W; redissolving the obtained microemulsion into 6-12mL of ultrapure water to prepare relatively stable oil-in-water microemulsion;
(2-3) transferring the microemulsion into a rotary evaporation bottle, carrying out rotary evaporation for 30 minutes under the pressure of 0.085MPa, and removing a good solvent chloroform in the microemulsion to obtain a solidified polymer microsphere; magnetically sucking for 10min under an external magnetic field to remove supernatant, redissolving in 6-12mL of alkaline water with pH of 10, and hydrolyzing for 24 hours to hydrolyze anhydride of the polymer on the surfaces of the microspheres into carboxyl; repeatedly centrifuging for 3 times with ultrapure water; finally, redissolving the carboxylated aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microspheres in 6-12mL of 0.01M phosphate buffer solution with the pH value of 7;
(2-4) the magnetic aggregation-induced fluorescence microspheres with the diameter of 100-1000nm can be prepared in an adjustable manner by changing the volumes of the chloroform phase and the water phase, the concentration of SDS, the mass of the amphiphilic polymer, the ultrasonic power and the time;
(2-5) by modulating AIE and OC-Fe3O4The material amount of the NPs is controlled to regulate and control the fluorescence and magnetic properties of the magnetic aggregation induced luminescence fluorescent microspheres.
3. The core-shell heterogeneous magnetic aggregation-induced emission fluorescent microsphere prepared according to the method of claims 1-2, which is characterized in that: the magnetic aggregation induced emission fluorescent microsphere presents an obvious core-shell heterostructure, AIE self-aggregation is positioned in an inner core, and magnetic Fe3O4The magnetic shell layers of the nano particles are uniformly and sparsely distributed on the surface of the outer amphiphilic polymer shell layer.
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