CN114634525A - Preparation method of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane - Google Patents

Preparation method of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114634525A
CN114634525A CN202011489702.2A CN202011489702A CN114634525A CN 114634525 A CN114634525 A CN 114634525A CN 202011489702 A CN202011489702 A CN 202011489702A CN 114634525 A CN114634525 A CN 114634525A
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tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane
formula
fraction
crude fraction
cracking
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李健
叶文波
刘强
王全
欧阳旭频
颜献东
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Jiangxi Beiteli New Material Co ltd
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Jiangxi Beiteli New Material Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F7/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F7/02Silicon compounds
    • C07F7/21Cyclic compounds having at least one ring containing silicon, but no carbon in the ring

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Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of chemical industry, and provides a preparation method of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, which comprises the following steps: mixing linear polymethylhydrosiloxane and sulfonic acid ammonia catalyst, heating for cracking, and then carrying out reduced pressure treatment to obtain cracked crude fraction; rectifying and purifying the cracking crude fraction, and collecting the fraction to obtain the tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane. The embodiment of the invention can improve the yield and the purity of the product tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane by taking the linear polymethylhydrosiloxane as the raw material and the sulfonic acid ammonia substance as the catalyst, does not use a solvent, has no pollution to the environment, and has the advantages of cheap and easily obtained raw materials, low cost, simple process, high economic benefit and the like.

Description

Preparation method of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical industry, and particularly relates to a preparation method of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane.
Background
The tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane plays an important role in the field of organic silicon, is widely applied to preparing various modified silicone oils and high-quality hydrogen-containing silicone oils, can also be used as a cross-linking agent and an anti-yellowing agent of silicone rubber, and is also a good sealing material in the electronic industry and an intermediate for preparing hydrogen-containing siloxane with the function of Si-H bonds.
The preparation of tetramethyl-cyclotetrasiloxane mainly comprises two methods, one is that alkyl hydrogen dihalide silane is taken as raw material and hydrolyzed in organic solvent, and then is kept stand for layering and distilled to prepare the tetramethyl-cyclotetrasiloxane; the other is prepared by cracking and rectifying linear polyalkyl hydrogen siloxane under the action of an alkali catalyst.
The first method has complex process, uses a large amount of methanol and alkane as solvents in the reaction, not only pollutes the environment, but also increases the difficulty of the next step of rectification and purification; meanwhile, the yield of the tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane ring body in the first step is low.
The catalyst used in the second method is an inorganic metal catalyst, such as anhydrous aluminum trichloride, aluminum sulfate, ferric trichloride and ferric sulfate, wherein the inorganic metal catalyst has poor compatibility with a system, the catalytic efficiency is not high, and the possibility of generating hydrochloric acid in the system is very high, so that the product quality is influenced; in addition, the yield of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane in this process is generally not more than 60%.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a preparation method of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, aiming at solving the problems in the background technology.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that the preparation method of the tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane comprises the following steps:
mixing linear polymethylhydrosiloxane and sulfonic acid ammonia catalyst, heating for cracking, and then carrying out reduced pressure treatment to obtain cracked crude fraction;
rectifying and purifying the cracking crude fraction, and collecting the fraction to obtain the tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane.
Wherein, the thermal cracking can be carried out under normal pressure, which can generate a plurality of hydrogen-containing ring bodies including tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane and linear bodies of micromolecular siloxane; after decompression treatment, the low molecular ring body and linear body can be extracted to obtain cracked crude fraction.
In a preferable embodiment of the invention, the amount of the sulfonic acid ammonia catalyst is 0.01 to 5 percent of the mass of the linear polymethylhydrosiloxane.
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the structural formula of the linear polymethylhydrosiloxane is formula I:
Figure BDA0002840384090000021
in the formula I, R1 and R3 are hydrogen, R2 is methyl, and n is an integer of 30-1000.
As another preferable mode of the embodiment of the present invention, the structural formula of the sulfonic acid ammonia catalyst is any one of formula II to formula VI:
Figure BDA0002840384090000022
Figure BDA0002840384090000031
in formulas II-VI, R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or an alkyl group.
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, in the step, the temperature for heating and cracking is 160-170 ℃.
In another preferable embodiment of the present invention, the pressure of the reduced pressure treatment in the step is-95 to-93 kPa.
In another preferable embodiment of the present invention, in the step, the purity of the tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane in the cracked crude fraction is 75.85% -86.23%.
In another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, in the step, after rectification and purification, fractions at 133.7-134.3 ℃ are collected.
In another preferable embodiment of the present invention, in the step, the purity of the rectified and purified tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane is 98.02% to 99.85%.
According to the preparation method of the tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the linear polymethylhydrosiloxane is used as a raw material, the sulfonic acid ammonia substance is used as a catalyst, the yield and the purity of the product tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane can be improved, no solvent is used, no pollution is caused to the environment, and the preparation method has the advantages of cheap and easily obtained raw materials, low cost, simple process, high economic benefit and the like.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
This embodiment provides a method for preparing tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, comprising the steps of:
Figure BDA0002840384090000041
(1) 1000g of linear polymethylhydrosiloxane having a structural formula I (in the formula I, R1 and R3 are hydrogen, R2 is methyl, and n is 500) and 1g of ammonium sulfonate catalyst having a structural formula II (in the formula II, R1 and R2 are both hydrogen) are added into a 2000mL flask with distillation, heated and cracked at 165 ℃ under normal pressure for 30min, then the negative pressure is opened to-94.5 kPa, and a crude fraction is collected to obtain 820g of cracked crude fraction, wherein the content of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane is 86.23%.
(2) Transferring the cracking crude fraction into a flask with a rectifying head and a packing column, and collecting the fraction with the top temperature of 134.0 ℃ under the condition of normal pressure rectification to obtain a purified product with the tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane content of 99.85 percent.
Example 2
This embodiment provides a method for preparing tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, comprising the steps of:
Figure BDA0002840384090000042
Figure BDA0002840384090000051
(1) 1000g of linear polymethylhydrosiloxane having a structural formula I (in the formula I, R1 and R3 are hydrogen, R2 is methyl, and n is 300), and 1g of ammonium sulfonate catalyst having a structural formula III (in the formula III, R1 is hydrogen, and R2 is methyl) are added into a 2000mL flask with distillation, heated and cracked at 165 ℃ under normal pressure for 30min, and then the negative pressure is opened to-95.0 kPa, and a crude fraction is collected to obtain 850g of cracked crude fraction, wherein the content of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane is 82.37%.
(2) Transferring the cracking crude fraction into a flask with a rectifying head and a packing column, and collecting the fraction with the top temperature of 134.3 ℃ under the condition of normal pressure rectification to obtain a purified product with the tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane content of 98.56%.
Example 3
This embodiment provides a method for preparing tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, comprising the steps of:
Figure BDA0002840384090000052
(1) 1000g of linear polymethylhydrosiloxane having a structural formula I (in the formula I, R1 and R3 are hydrogen, R2 is methyl, and n is 600), 10g of ammonium sulfonate catalyst having a structural formula IV (in the formula IV, R1 and R2 are both methyl) are added into a 2000mL flask with distillation, heated and cracked at 165 ℃ under normal pressure for 30min, then the negative pressure is opened to-94.5 kPa, and crude fraction is collected to obtain 790g of cracked crude fraction, wherein the content of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane is 79.88%.
(2) Transferring the cracked crude fraction into a flask with a rectifying head and a packed column, and collecting the fraction with the top temperature of 134.2 ℃ under the condition of normal pressure rectification to obtain a purified product with the tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane content of 99.21%.
Example 4
This embodiment provides a method for preparing tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, comprising the steps of:
Figure BDA0002840384090000061
(1) 1000g of linear polymethylhydrosiloxane having a structural formula I (in the formula I, R1 and R3 are hydrogen, R2 is methyl, and n is 200), 10g of ammonium sulfonate catalyst having a structural formula V (in the formula V, R1 is hydrogen, and R2 is ethyl) are added into a 2000mL flask with distillation, heated and cracked at 165 ℃ under normal pressure for 30min, then the negative pressure is opened to-93.0 kPa, and crude fraction is collected to obtain 780g of cracked crude fraction, wherein the content of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane is 78.46%.
(2) Transferring the cracked crude fraction into a flask with a rectifying head and a packed column, and collecting the fraction with the top temperature of 133.7 ℃ under the condition of normal pressure rectification to obtain a purified product with the tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane content of 98.78%.
Example 5
This embodiment provides a method for preparing tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, comprising the steps of:
Figure BDA0002840384090000062
(1) 1000g of linear polymethylhydrosiloxane with the structural formula of formula I (in the formula I, R1 and R3 are hydrogen, R2 is methyl, and n is 100) and 2g of ammonium sulfonate catalyst with the structural formula of formula VI (in the formula VI, R1 and R2 are both hydrogen) are added into a 2000mL flask with distillation, heated and cracked at 165 ℃ under normal pressure for 30min, then the negative pressure is opened to-94.2 kPa, and crude fraction is collected to obtain 810g of cracked crude fraction, wherein the content of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane is 75.85%.
(2) Transferring the cracked crude fraction into a flask with a rectifying head and a packed column, and collecting the fraction with the top temperature of 133.8 ℃ under the condition of normal pressure rectification to obtain a purified product with the tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane content of 98.02 percent.
Example 6
This embodiment provides a method for preparing tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, comprising the steps of:
Figure BDA0002840384090000071
(1) adding 1000g of linear polymethylhydrosiloxane with the structural formula of formula I (in the formula I, R1 and R3 are hydrogen, R2 is methyl, and n is 30) and 1g of ammonium sulfonate catalyst with the structural formula of formula II (in the formula II, R1 and R2 are both hydrogen) into a 2000mL flask with distillation, heating and cracking at 160 ℃ under normal pressure for 30min, opening the negative pressure to-94.5 kPa, and collecting the crude fraction to obtain cracked crude fraction.
(2) Transferring the cracking crude fraction into a flask with a rectifying head and a packing column, and collecting the fraction with the top temperature of 134.0 ℃ under the condition of normal pressure rectification to obtain a purified product of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane.
Example 7
This embodiment provides a method for preparing tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, comprising the steps of:
Figure BDA0002840384090000081
(1) adding 1000g of linear polymethylhydrosiloxane with the structural formula of formula I (in the formula I, R1 and R3 are hydrogen, R2 is methyl, and n is 1000) and 1g of ammonium sulfonate catalyst with the structural formula of formula II (in the formula II, R1 and R2 are both hydrogen) into a 2000mL flask with distillation, heating and cracking at 170 ℃ under normal pressure for 30min, opening the negative pressure to-94.5 kPa, and collecting the crude fraction to obtain cracked crude fraction.
(2) Transferring the cracked crude fraction into a flask with a rectifying head and a packed column, and collecting the fraction with the top temperature of 134.0 ℃ under the condition of normal pressure rectification to obtain a purified product of the tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane.
The purity of the purified tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane produced in examples 1 to 5 was counted, and the statistical results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Preparation method Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5
Purity of 99.85% 98.56% 99.21% 98.78% 98.02%
It can be seen from the above examples and table 1 that the preparation method of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane provided by the embodiments of the present invention can improve the yield and purity of the product tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane by using linear polymethylhydrosiloxane as the raw material and sulfonic acid ammonia as the catalyst, and has the advantages of no solvent, no environmental pollution, cheap and easily available raw materials, low cost, simple process, high economic benefit, etc.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1. The preparation method of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing linear polymethylhydrosiloxane and sulfonic acid ammonia catalyst, heating for cracking, and then carrying out reduced pressure treatment to obtain cracked crude fraction;
rectifying and purifying the cracking crude fraction, and collecting the fraction to obtain the tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane.
2. The method for preparing tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane of claim 1, wherein the amount of said sulfonic acid ammonia catalyst is 0.01% -5% of the linear polymethylhydrosiloxane by mass.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the linear polymethylhydrosiloxane has the formula I:
Figure FDA0002840384080000011
in the formula I, R1 and R3 are hydrogen, R2 is methyl, and n is an integer of 30-1000.
4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the sulfonic acid amide catalyst has a structural formula of any one of formula II to formula VI:
Figure FDA0002840384080000012
Figure FDA0002840384080000021
in formulas II-VI, R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or an alkyl group.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis temperature is 160-170 ℃.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reduced pressure treatment is carried out at a pressure of-95 to-93 kPa.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the purity of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane in the cracking crude fraction is 75.85% -86.23%.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the distillation purification is followed by collection of a 133.7-134.3 ℃ fraction.
9. The method according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the purity of the rectified and purified tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane is 98.02-99.85%.
CN202011489702.2A 2020-12-16 2020-12-16 Preparation method of tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane Pending CN114634525A (en)

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1333127A (en) * 1971-01-06 1973-10-10 Gen Electric Method of making cyclopolysiloxanes containing silanic hydrogen
US4895967A (en) * 1988-09-26 1990-01-23 General Electric Company Method for making cyclic poly(siloxane)s
US5075474A (en) * 1990-04-20 1991-12-24 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Method for preparing hexamethyl cyclotrisilazane
JPH07242678A (en) * 1994-03-03 1995-09-19 Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd Production of 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane
JP2005139123A (en) * 2003-11-07 2005-06-02 Kaneka Corp METHOD FOR PRODUCING CYCLIC SILOXANE SKELETON-CONTAINING COMPOUND HAVING SiH GROUP
JP2005255629A (en) * 2004-03-12 2005-09-22 Kaneka Corp Method for producing 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclosiloxane
CN101367832A (en) * 2008-10-10 2009-02-18 宁波润禾化学工业有限公司 Preparation method for tetramethyl-ring tetrasiloxane
CN102596970A (en) * 2009-11-03 2012-07-18 道康宁公司 A process for the production of polysilalkylenesiloxanes
CN105566379A (en) * 2016-03-09 2016-05-11 张玲 Preparation method of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane
CN109400951A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-01 佛山市金银河智能装备股份有限公司 A kind of production method and device of DMC

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1333127A (en) * 1971-01-06 1973-10-10 Gen Electric Method of making cyclopolysiloxanes containing silanic hydrogen
US4895967A (en) * 1988-09-26 1990-01-23 General Electric Company Method for making cyclic poly(siloxane)s
US5075474A (en) * 1990-04-20 1991-12-24 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Method for preparing hexamethyl cyclotrisilazane
JPH07242678A (en) * 1994-03-03 1995-09-19 Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd Production of 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane
JP2005139123A (en) * 2003-11-07 2005-06-02 Kaneka Corp METHOD FOR PRODUCING CYCLIC SILOXANE SKELETON-CONTAINING COMPOUND HAVING SiH GROUP
JP2005255629A (en) * 2004-03-12 2005-09-22 Kaneka Corp Method for producing 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclosiloxane
CN101367832A (en) * 2008-10-10 2009-02-18 宁波润禾化学工业有限公司 Preparation method for tetramethyl-ring tetrasiloxane
CN102596970A (en) * 2009-11-03 2012-07-18 道康宁公司 A process for the production of polysilalkylenesiloxanes
CN105566379A (en) * 2016-03-09 2016-05-11 张玲 Preparation method of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane
CN109400951A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-01 佛山市金银河智能装备股份有限公司 A kind of production method and device of DMC

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Application publication date: 20220617