CN114633536A - Solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back plate - Google Patents

Solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back plate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114633536A
CN114633536A CN202210533800.4A CN202210533800A CN114633536A CN 114633536 A CN114633536 A CN 114633536A CN 202210533800 A CN202210533800 A CN 202210533800A CN 114633536 A CN114633536 A CN 114633536A
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pentaerythritol
polyethylene terephthalate
solar
polycondensate
hyperbranched
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CN114633536B (en
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何梦龙
李学忠
胡世杰
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Jiangsu Fuming Solar Energy Co ltd
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Jiangsu Fuming Solar Energy Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses compound photovoltaic backplate of solar energy multilayer, including polyvinyl fluoride protective layer and polyethylene glycol terephthalate intermediate level, polyethylene glycol terephthalate intermediate level both sides are pasted respectively and are applied the polyvinyl fluoride protective layer, and the adhesion agent adhesion is passed through with the polyethylene glycol terephthalate intermediate level to the polyvinyl fluoride protective layer, and the adhesion agent is polyurethane adhesive or epoxy adhesive, and the polyethylene glycol terephthalate intermediate level adopts the compound polycondensate of hyperbranched pentaerythritol and the blending of polyethylene glycol terephthalate to obtain. The hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate is obtained by condensing bis-hydroxymethyl propionic acid serving as a branched monomer with pentaerythritol and reacting the terminal hydroxyl of the branched polycondensate with palmitic acid and nano silicon dioxide.

Description

Solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back plate
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic back plates, in particular to a solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back plate.
Background
Due to the aggravation of environmental pollution and the gradual reduction of fossil energy such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like, various new energy technologies such as nuclear energy, wind energy, combustible ice, hydrogen energy and the like are developed vigorously in succession in various countries. Among the above energy sources, solar energy is strongly pursued because of its various advantages such as cleanness, inexhaustibility, convenience in development and utilization, etc.
China, as the largest solar cell module producing country in the world, has formed each distinctive solar energy industry cluster in each region of China, and as the photovoltaic module itself constitutes the structural part of a building, the strength of the used photovoltaic module is required to be high, and as the loading amount of the solar photovoltaic module is increased day by day, the strength problem of the photovoltaic module is paid more and more attention.
The life of a battery assembly typically requires 25 years, and to ensure that the product achieves such a long service life, the quality of each component must be tightly controlled. In these assemblies, the photovoltaic backsheet functions in a non-trivial manner, and must have excellent properties of weatherability, insulation, impact resistance, water vapor barrier, etc. These excellent properties are important to ensure the reliability, stability and durability of the solar cell. Otherwise, if the back plate has the undesirable phenomena of delamination, cracking, bubbling, yellowing and the like, the battery module falls off, the battery sheet slides, the effective output power of the battery is reduced and the like, and the assembly can be seriously burnt to promote fire.
At present, a back plate for packaging a solar cell module is made of a composite film commonly used, and the composite film is generally of a three-layer structure, namely an outer protective layer and an intermediate layer; the outer protective layer all contains fluorine usually to guarantee that the protective layer has good weatherability and environmental aging resistance, the intermediate level adopts polyethylene terephthalate (PET) material usually, mainly is used for keeping apart oxygen, steam, avoids making the PET material ageing or deterioration with higher speed because of steam, oxygen infiltration intermediate level, leads to the photovoltaic backplate to lose this protection and isolation effect, and the intermediate level still will be used for supporting inlayer fluorine-containing layer and battery piece.
At present, the installation environment of a photovoltaic power generation assembly is determined to be subjected to sunshine high temperature, wind and rain exposure and damp-heat alternation, the photovoltaic back plate is easily damaged by severe environments such as high temperature and mechanical properties due to the working environment of the photovoltaic back plate, the back plate serves as the most main protective layer of the solar cell panel, enough resistance is required to prevent the photovoltaic assembly from being corroded by various severe working environments, and the solar back plate has important significance for prolonging the service life of the solar back plate.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of this application is in order to solve the shortcoming that exists among the prior art, and a solar energy multilayer composite photovoltaic backplate that proposes.
According to the application, the solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back plate comprises a polyvinyl fluoride protective layer and a polyethylene terephthalate middle layer, wherein the polyvinyl fluoride protective layer is respectively pasted on two sides of the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer, the polyvinyl fluoride protective layer is adhered to the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer through an adhesive, and the adhesive is a polyurethane adhesive or an epoxy resin adhesive;
the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer is obtained by blending hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate and polyethylene terephthalate.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyethylene terephthalate to the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate is 50-100: 1-5.
Preferably, the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite condensation polymer is obtained by condensing bis-hydroxymethyl propionic acid serving as a branched monomer with pentaerythritol and reacting terminal hydroxyl of the branched condensation polymer with palmitic acid and nano silicon dioxide.
The nano silicon dioxide has good hydrophilicity and extremely high surface energy, so that the nano silicon dioxide is difficult to uniformly disperse in polyethylene terephthalate. According to the preparation method, bis-hydroxymethyl propionic acid is used as a branched monomer, and is combined on pentaerythritol through polycondensation under the action of p-toluenesulfonic acid, and then palmitic acid and nano silicon dioxide are sequentially adopted to react on hydroxyl at the end of the formed hyperbranched polycondensate to prepare the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate, so that the compatibility of the nano silicon dioxide and polyethylene glycol terephthalate is enhanced.
Preferably, the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate is prepared by adopting the following specific steps: heating the bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid to be molten, adjusting the temperature to be 140-150 ℃, adding pentaerythritol and a catalyst, stirring under the protection of nitrogen until the acid value of the system is 6-8mgKOH/g, stopping the reaction, adding palmitic acid and the catalyst, stirring, adding nano silicon dioxide, stirring until the acid value of the system is stable, then carrying out vacuum pumping reaction under reduced pressure until no water is generated, and stopping heating to obtain the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate.
Preferably, the catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the dihydroxymethylpropionic acid to the pentaerythritol to the palmitic acid to the nano-silica is 1-5: 1-3: 1-2: 1-2.
Preferably, the polyethylene terephthalate intermediate layer is prepared by the following specific steps: and mixing the polyethylene terephthalate and the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate, adding the mixture into a torque rheometer preheated to 120-140 ℃, and performing melt blending, extrusion, drying and injection molding to obtain the polyethylene terephthalate intermediate layer.
Preferably, the thickness of the polyvinyl fluoride protective layer is 10-100 μm.
Preferably, the thickness of the polyethylene terephthalate intermediate layer is 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:
the end of the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate does not contain a large number of hydrogen bonds any longer, so that the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate does not show strong polarity any longer, can be easily dissolved in polyethylene terephthalate after being blended with the polyethylene terephthalate, and has extremely high dispersion uniformity of nano silicon dioxide grafted on the end of the hyperbranched polycondensate in the polyethylene terephthalate; the molecular chains of the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite condensation polymer and the polyethylene glycol terephthalate are partially isomorphic, so that the crystallinity of the polyethylene glycol terephthalate can be improved, the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite condensation polymer and the nano silicon dioxide grafted on the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite condensation polymer can synergistically act to effectively promote the crystal growth efficiency, and the thermal stability and the mechanical property of the middle layer of the polyethylene glycol terephthalate can be obviously improved under the comprehensive action. The hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate is grafted with palmitic acid, so that the waterproof performance of a polyethylene glycol terephthalate middle layer can be effectively enhanced, the palmitic acid is grafted on a long alkyl chain structure at the end part of the hyperbranched polycondensate and is fully entangled and dispersed with the polyethylene glycol terephthalate, and after curing, the system has excellent toughness and impact performance and further enhanced mechanical damage resistance.
According to the solar photovoltaic back plate, the polyvinyl fluoride protective layers are adhered to two sides of the polyethylene glycol terephthalate middle layer through the adhesive to perform a synergistic effect, so that the solar photovoltaic back plate has good mechanical performance and high temperature resistance, the preparation method is simple, and the solar photovoltaic back plate is suitable for industrial production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph comparing the mechanical properties of the solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back sheets obtained in example 5 and comparative examples 1-2.
Fig. 2 is a graph comparing the heat distortion temperature of the solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back sheets obtained in example 5 and comparative examples 1-2.
Fig. 3 is a graph comparing TG curves of the solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back sheets obtained in example 5 and comparative examples 1-2.
Detailed Description
The present application is further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backsheet, comprising: a polyvinyl fluoride protective layer with the thickness of 10 mu m and a polyethylene glycol terephthalate middle layer with the thickness of 0.2 mm; and polyvinyl fluoride protective layers are respectively pasted on two sides of the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer, and the polyvinyl fluoride protective layers are adhered to the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer through polyurethane adhesives.
The polyethylene glycol terephthalate intermediate layer is prepared by adopting the following specific steps: 50kg of polyethylene terephthalate is placed in a drying oven at 70 ℃ to be dried to remove moisture, and the polyethylene terephthalate and 1kg of hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate are added into a torque rheometer preheated to 120 ℃ to be melted and blended, the rotating speed of a rotor is 60r/min, and the polyethylene terephthalate intermediate layer is obtained through extrusion, drying and injection molding.
The hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite condensation polymer is prepared by the following specific steps: adding 1kg of dimethylolpropionic acid into a reactor, heating to melt under a stirring state, adjusting the temperature to 140 ℃, adding 1kg of pentaerythritol and 0.1kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid, stirring under the protection of nitrogen until the acid value of the system is 6mgKOH/g, stopping the reaction, adding 1kg of palmitic acid and 0.01kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid, stirring for 10min, adding 1kg of nano-silica, stirring until the acid value of the system is unchanged, then carrying out vacuum pumping reaction under reduced pressure until no water is generated, and stopping heating to obtain the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate.
Example 2
A solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backsheet, comprising: a polyvinyl fluoride protective layer with the thickness of 100 mu m and a polyethylene terephthalate middle layer with the thickness of 0.5 mm; and polyvinyl fluoride protective layers are respectively pasted on two sides of the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer, and the polyvinyl fluoride protective layers are adhered to the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer through polyurethane adhesives.
The polyethylene glycol terephthalate intermediate layer is prepared by adopting the following specific steps: 100kg of polyethylene terephthalate is placed in a drying oven at 80 ℃ to be dried to remove moisture, 5kg of hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate and the polyethylene terephthalate intermediate layer are added into a torque rheometer preheated to 140 ℃ to be melted and blended, the rotating speed of a rotor is 100r/min, and the polyethylene terephthalate intermediate layer is obtained through extrusion, drying and injection molding.
The hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate is prepared by adopting the following specific steps: adding 5kg of dimethylolpropionic acid into a reactor, heating to melt under a stirring state, adjusting the temperature to 150 ℃, adding 3kg of pentaerythritol and 0.2kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid, stirring under the protection of nitrogen until the acid value of the system is 8mgKOH/g, stopping the reaction, adding 2kg of palmitic acid and 0.05kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid, stirring for 20min, adding 2kg of nano-silica, stirring until the acid value of the system is unchanged, then carrying out vacuum pumping reaction under reduced pressure until no water is generated, and stopping heating to obtain the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate.
Example 3
A solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backsheet, comprising: a polyvinyl fluoride protective layer with the thickness of 30 mu m and a polyethylene terephthalate middle layer with the thickness of 0.4 mm; and polyvinyl fluoride protective layers are respectively pasted on two sides of the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer, and the polyvinyl fluoride protective layers are adhered to the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer through epoxy resin adhesives.
The polyethylene glycol terephthalate intermediate layer is prepared by adopting the following specific steps: 60kg of polyethylene terephthalate is placed in a drying oven at 77 ℃ to be dried to remove moisture, the polyethylene terephthalate and 2kg of hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate are added into a torque rheometer preheated to 135 ℃ to be melted and blended, the rotating speed of a rotor is 70r/min, and the polyethylene terephthalate intermediate layer is obtained through extrusion, drying and injection molding.
The hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate is prepared by adopting the following specific steps: adding 4kg of dimethylolpropionic acid into a reactor, heating to melt under a stirring state, adjusting the temperature to 142 ℃, adding 2.5kg of pentaerythritol and 0.12kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid, stirring under the protection of nitrogen until the acid value of the system is 7.5mgKOH/g, stopping the reaction, adding 1.3kg of palmitic acid and 0.04kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid, stirring for 13min, adding 1.7kg of nano silicon dioxide, stirring until the acid value of the system is unchanged, then carrying out vacuum pumping reaction under reduced pressure until no water is generated, and stopping heating to obtain the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate.
Example 4
A solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backsheet, comprising: a polyvinyl fluoride protective layer with the thickness of 60 mu m and a polyethylene terephthalate middle layer with the thickness of 0.3 mm; and polyvinyl fluoride protective layers are respectively pasted on two sides of the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer, and the polyvinyl fluoride protective layers are adhered to the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer through epoxy resin adhesives.
The polyethylene glycol terephthalate intermediate layer is prepared by adopting the following specific steps: and (2) placing 80kg of polyethylene terephthalate in a drying oven at 73 ℃ for drying to remove moisture, adding the polyethylene terephthalate and 4kg of hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate into a torque rheometer preheated to 125 ℃ for melt blending, wherein the rotating speed of a rotor is 90r/min, extruding, drying and carrying out injection molding to obtain the polyethylene terephthalate intermediate layer.
The hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate is prepared by adopting the following specific steps: adding 2kg of dimethylolpropionic acid into a reactor, heating to melt under a stirring state, adjusting the temperature to 148 ℃, adding 1.5kg of pentaerythritol and 0.18kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid, stirring under the protection of nitrogen until the acid value of the system is 6.5mgKOH/g, stopping the reaction, adding 1.7kg of palmitic acid and 0.02kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid, stirring for 17min, adding 1.3kg of nano silicon dioxide, stirring until the acid value of the system is unchanged, then carrying out vacuum pumping reaction under reduced pressure until no water is generated, and stopping heating to obtain the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate.
Example 5
A solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backsheet, comprising: a polyvinyl fluoride protective layer with the thickness of 55 mu m and a polyethylene terephthalate middle layer with the thickness of 0.35 mm; and polyvinyl fluoride protective layers are respectively pasted on two sides of the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer, and the polyvinyl fluoride protective layers are adhered to the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer through epoxy resin adhesives.
The polyethylene glycol terephthalate intermediate layer is prepared by adopting the following specific steps: putting 70kg of polyethylene terephthalate in a drying oven at 75 ℃ for drying to remove moisture, adding the polyethylene terephthalate and 3kg of hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate into a torque rheometer preheated to 130 ℃ for melt blending, wherein the rotating speed of a rotor is 80r/min, extruding, drying and carrying out injection molding to obtain the polyethylene terephthalate intermediate layer.
The hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate is prepared by adopting the following specific steps: adding 3kg of dimethylolpropionic acid into a reactor, heating to melt under a stirring state, adjusting the temperature to 145 ℃, adding 2kg of pentaerythritol and 0.15kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid, stirring under the protection of nitrogen until the acid value of the system is 7mgKOH/g, stopping the reaction, adding 1.5kg of palmitic acid and 0.03kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid, stirring for 15min, adding 1.5kg of nano silicon dioxide, stirring until the acid value of the system is unchanged, then carrying out vacuum pumping reaction under reduced pressure until no water is generated, and stopping heating to obtain the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate.
Comparative example 1
A solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backsheet, comprising: a polyvinyl fluoride protective layer with the thickness of 55 mu m and a polyethylene terephthalate middle layer with the thickness of 0.35 mm; the two sides of the polyethylene glycol terephthalate middle layer are respectively pasted with a polyvinyl fluoride protective layer, and the polyvinyl fluoride protective layer is adhered with the polyethylene glycol terephthalate middle layer through an epoxy resin adhesive; the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer is obtained by injection molding of pure polyethylene terephthalate material.
Comparative example 2
A solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backsheet, comprising: a polyvinyl fluoride protective layer with the thickness of 55 mu m and a polyethylene terephthalate middle layer with the thickness of 0.35 mm; and polyvinyl fluoride protective layers are respectively pasted on two sides of the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer, and the polyvinyl fluoride protective layers are adhered to the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer through epoxy resin adhesives.
The polyethylene glycol terephthalate intermediate layer is prepared by adopting the following specific steps: putting 70kg of polyethylene terephthalate in a drying oven at 75 ℃ for drying to remove moisture, adding the polyethylene terephthalate and 3kg of pentaerythritol compound into a torque rheometer preheated to 130 ℃ for melt blending, wherein the rotating speed of a rotor is 80r/min, extruding, drying and carrying out injection molding to obtain the polyethylene terephthalate intermediate layer.
The pentaerythritol compound is prepared by the following specific steps: adding 3kg of dimethylolpropionic acid into a reactor, heating to melt under a stirring state, adjusting the temperature to 145 ℃, adding 2kg of pentaerythritol and 0.15kg of p-toluenesulfonic acid, stirring under the protection of nitrogen until the acid value of the system is 7mgKOH/g, and stopping the reaction to obtain the pentaerythritol compound.
The mechanical property test of the solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back plate obtained in the example 5 and the comparative examples 1-2 is as follows:
reference is made to GB/T1040.1-2006 section 1 of determination of tensile Properties of plastics: the test was carried out as described in general rules, each group of test specimens being dumbbell-shaped sheet specimens with a tensile rate of 50 mm/min. The test is carried out according to GB/T9341-2008 plastic bending property determination, the bending test sample size is 100mm multiplied by 10mm, and the bending rate is 2 mm/min. Referring to GB/T1043.1-2008 plastic simple supported beam impact performance determination part 1: the impact test sample and the bending test sample are the same in size.
As shown in fig. 1, the solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back sheet obtained in example 5 has the best tensile strength, bending strength and notched impact strength. The applicant believes that: the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate and the polyethylene glycol terephthalate are blended, so that the crystallization rate can be improved, although molecular motion is hindered, the impact energy can be quickly absorbed and transferred by virtue of a hyperbranched structure in a system, and the improvement of notch impact strength is not influenced on the basis of ensuring higher levels of tensile strength and bending strength.
The thermal deformation temperatures of the solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back sheets obtained in example 5 and comparative examples 1-2 were measured using an XRW-300F thermal Vicat thermal deformation apparatus according to ASTM D648-2000 Plastic thermal deformation temperature test method.
As shown in fig. 2, the heat distortion temperature of the solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backsheet obtained in example 5 was increased by at least 50 ℃ compared to comparative example 1, and by at least 30 ℃ compared to comparative example 2.
The applicant believes that: the pure PET is a semi-crystalline polymer, and the molecular structure of the pure PET has a conjugated system of a benzene ring and a polar ester group, so that the material has high rigidity, and the PET material has low crystallization rate and low heat distortion temperature. The hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate and the polyethylene terephthalate are blended to increase the crystallinity of the middle layer of the polyethylene terephthalate, and meanwhile, molecular chains on the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate and the polyethylene terephthalate form entanglement to limit the movement among the molecular chains, thereby increasing the heat deformation resistance.
TGA tests were performed on the solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back sheets obtained in example 5 and comparative examples 1-2 by using a thermogravimetric analyzer, and the samples of each group were raised from 50 ℃ to 600 ℃ at a rate of 20 ℃/min, and the flow rate of nitrogen atmosphere gas was 60 mL/min.
As shown in fig. 3, the thermal decomposition temperature of the solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back sheet obtained in example 5 is the highest. The applicant believes that: the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate and the polyethylene terephthalate are blended, so that the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate and the polyethylene terephthalate have good compatibility, and good interaction force exists in the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate and the polyethylene terephthalate, so that the solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backboard obtained in example 5 is hindered by intramolecular and intermolecular effects in the thermal decomposition process, the thermal decomposition difficulty is increased, and meanwhile, the thermal decomposition temperature is higher than that in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, and the phenomenon on the curve is that the solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backboard moves towards a high temperature direction.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present application, and equivalent alternatives or modifications according to the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present application, and all such alternatives or modifications are encompassed in the scope of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. The solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backboard is characterized by comprising a polyvinyl fluoride protective layer and a polyethylene terephthalate middle layer, wherein the polyvinyl fluoride protective layer is respectively adhered to two sides of the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer, the polyvinyl fluoride protective layer is adhered to the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer through an adhesive, and the adhesive is a polyurethane adhesive or an epoxy resin adhesive;
the polyethylene terephthalate middle layer is obtained by blending hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate and polyethylene terephthalate.
2. The solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backsheet according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the polyethylene terephthalate to the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate is 50-100: 1-5.
3. The solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back sheet according to claim 1, wherein the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate is obtained by condensing pentaerythritol with bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid as a branched monomer, and reacting terminal hydroxyl groups of the branched polycondensate with palmitic acid and nano silica.
4. The solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back sheet according to claim 1, wherein the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate is prepared by the following specific steps: heating dimethylolpropionic acid to melt, adjusting the temperature to 140-150 ℃, adding pentaerythritol and a catalyst, stirring under the protection of nitrogen until the acid value of the system is 6-8mgKOH/g, stopping the reaction, adding palmitic acid and the catalyst, stirring, adding nano silicon dioxide, stirring until the acid value of the system is stable, then decompressing, vacuumizing, reacting until no water is generated, and stopping heating to obtain the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate.
5. The solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backsheet according to claim 4, wherein the catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid.
6. The solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back sheet according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the dimethylolpropionic acid, the pentaerythritol, the palmitic acid and the nano silica is 1-5: 1-3: 1-2: 1-2.
7. The solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backsheet according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate polyethylene terephthalate layer is prepared by the following steps: and mixing the polyethylene terephthalate and the hyperbranched pentaerythritol composite polycondensate, adding the mixture into a torque rheometer preheated to 120-140 ℃, and carrying out melt blending, extrusion, drying and injection molding to obtain the polyethylene terephthalate intermediate layer.
8. The solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backsheet according to claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl fluoride protective layer has a thickness of 10 to 100 μm.
9. The solar multilayer composite photovoltaic backsheet according to claim 1, wherein the polyethylene terephthalate intermediate layer has a thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
CN202210533800.4A 2022-05-17 2022-05-17 Solar multilayer composite photovoltaic back plate Active CN114633536B (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101138707A (en) * 2007-08-02 2008-03-12 中国科学技术大学 Double pole film with hyperbranched polymericcompound as the intermediate boundary layer and method of preparing the same
CN103000727A (en) * 2012-11-27 2013-03-27 宁波长阳科技有限公司 Flame retardant solar cell rear panel membrane and preparation method thereof and solar cell
CN103242627A (en) * 2013-03-27 2013-08-14 宋雪晶 Application of fatty acid ester end group hyperbranched polyester as high polymer material viscosity reducing and toughening agent
CN104201225A (en) * 2014-08-20 2014-12-10 乐凯胶片股份有限公司 Heat dissipation type solar cell back film
CN107083130A (en) * 2016-02-14 2017-08-22 立邦涂料（中国）有限公司 A kind of water nano inorganic oxide-organic hybrid coating composition and its application

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101138707A (en) * 2007-08-02 2008-03-12 中国科学技术大学 Double pole film with hyperbranched polymericcompound as the intermediate boundary layer and method of preparing the same
CN103000727A (en) * 2012-11-27 2013-03-27 宁波长阳科技有限公司 Flame retardant solar cell rear panel membrane and preparation method thereof and solar cell
CN103242627A (en) * 2013-03-27 2013-08-14 宋雪晶 Application of fatty acid ester end group hyperbranched polyester as high polymer material viscosity reducing and toughening agent
CN104201225A (en) * 2014-08-20 2014-12-10 乐凯胶片股份有限公司 Heat dissipation type solar cell back film
CN107083130A (en) * 2016-02-14 2017-08-22 立邦涂料（中国）有限公司 A kind of water nano inorganic oxide-organic hybrid coating composition and its application

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