CN114632797A - Comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method - Google Patents
Comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114632797A CN114632797A CN202210256361.7A CN202210256361A CN114632797A CN 114632797 A CN114632797 A CN 114632797A CN 202210256361 A CN202210256361 A CN 202210256361A CN 114632797 A CN114632797 A CN 114632797A
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- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method, which comprises the following steps: s1, coarse crushing; s3, fine crushing; s4, hydrolysis. The method has the beneficial effects that in the treatment process, the subcritical water molecular structure is subjected to a series of physical and chemical reactions under the high-temperature and high-pressure states to generate an acid-base ion co-catalysis effect, molecular chains of various high-molecular polymers are broken and reduced into small-molecular polymers, so that the small-molecular polymers become nutrient components which are easy to absorb by plants, and the aims of environmental protection, resource utilization, cyclic cyclization and harmlessness are finally realized. The subcritical water generates strong decomposition force and dissolving force under the high-temperature and high-pressure state to treat the comprehensive organic waste, so that the combination degree of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in the comprehensive organic waste is reduced, and all mixed bacteria, worm eggs and viruses can be thoroughly killed. Finally converted into small molecular solid and liquid organic fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method.
Background
Organic waste refers to solid, liquid or gaseous organic substances and substances produced in production, life and other activities that lose their original value of use or are discarded or discarded without losing their value of use. According to the morphological division, the organic waste mainly comprises organic solid waste, organic waste water and organic waste gas, the organic waste refers to solid or liquid organic articles and substances which are generated in production activities and lose original utilization value or are discarded or abandoned without losing the utilization value, and comprises three categories of agricultural organic waste (mainly comprising crop straw vines, livestock and poultry manure, aquatic waste and the like), industrial organic waste (mainly comprising high-concentration organic waste water, organic waste residues and the like), municipal organic waste (mainly comprising landscaping waste, municipal sludge, animal contents in slaughter plants, kitchen waste and the like).
Chinese patent No. CN202010665790.0 provides an organic waste thermal incineration pyrolysis system and a pyrolysis method thereof, comprising a conveyor, a crusher, a deacidification tank, a charging hopper, a dust remover and an incineration pyrolysis furnace body; the incineration pyrolysis furnace body is divided into a low-temperature pyrolysis chamber and a high-temperature incineration chamber, and the low-temperature pyrolysis chamber is provided with a pyrolysis auger, a feeding auger and a feeding hopper. Through the low temperature pyrolysis technology, can effectively reduce the total content of pollutant in the organic waste composition, but pyrolysis technology gasification rate is limited, hardly carries out high-efficient conversion to the oily fixed carbon composition in the rubbish, consequently, utilizes the grate to carry out high temperature gasification incineration to the pyrolytic carbon residue after the pyrolysis, can realize the biggest minimizing of rubbish, and through the dry pyrolysis process of rubbish, domestic waste moisture content reduces by a wide margin, and domestic waste's calorific value improves by a wide margin.
The traditional treatment modes of burning, burying, composting and the like of the comprehensive organic waste have high transportation cost, and have a plurality of defects of secondary pollution, land resource occupation, drug residue, odor generation of breeding harmful bacteria and the like, so the research and development of a comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method, which aims to solve the problems of high transportation cost, secondary pollution, land resource occupation, drug residue, harmful bacteria breeding, odor generation and the like of organic wastes in the treatment modes of incineration, burial, composting and the like adopted by the organic wastes in the background art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method comprises the following steps:
s1, coarse crushing: pouring the comprehensive waste into a coarse crusher, starting the coarse crusher, crushing the comprehensive waste into coarse particles by using the coarse crusher, putting the coarse particles into an automatic winnowing machine, and starting the automatic winnowing machine to obtain organic waste;
s2, fine crushing: putting the organic waste into a fine crusher, starting the fine crusher, and finely crushing the organic waste by the fine crusher to obtain small-particle organic waste;
s3, hydrolysis: and (3) putting the small-particle organic waste into a subcritical hydrolysis device, starting the subcritical hydrolysis device, adjusting the pressure and the temperature and subcritical water vapor, and performing critical hydrolysis treatment on the organic waste by using the subcritical hydrolysis device to obtain the solid and liquid organic fertilizer.
In S1, the non-treatable objects such as rubber, glass, metal, and ceramics are separated by an automatic winnowing machine, and the resources are recycled.
Further, in the step S3, a steam port of the subcritical hydrolysis device is connected to a steam pipeline, and steam is conveyed into the subcritical hydrolysis device through the steam pipeline, wherein the temperature of the steam in the subcritical hydrolysis device is set at 150-370 ℃, and the pressure is set at 0.4-22.1 MPa.
Further, at S3, when the steam temperature and the pressure in the subcritical hydrolysis apparatus are set to reach subcritical water, most of the organic substances and hydrocarbons are dissolved in subcritical water.
Further, in S3, after the organic waste is subjected to the critical hydrolysis treatment, the valve of the steam pipe is closed, the air release valve on the subcritical hydrolysis apparatus is opened, the temperature in the subcritical hydrolysis apparatus is reduced, and the solid and liquid organic fertilizers are discharged through the discharge pipe.
Further, in S3, the subcritical hydrolysis device adopts a vertical hydrolysis tank, when the subcritical hydrolysis device is used, the output end of the motor is connected with the stirring shaft, the motor of the starting device drives the stirring shaft to rotate, the stirring shaft adopts a magnetic sealing device, the sealing performance is strong, the vertical stirring shaft is not easy to deform, the vertical hydrolysis tank is easy to discharge, and the occupied space is reduced.
Furthermore, the volume of the vertical hydrolysis tank body is 6 cubic meters, the diameter of the tank body is 1.8 meters, the material is a composite plate of 304 stainless steel and carbon steel, and the outer shape of the vertical hydrolysis tank body is designed by combining a vertical cylinder with a magnetic force sealing motor.
Furthermore, the length of the stirring shaft is 2.8 meters, a high-pressure-resistant magnetic sealing device is adopted at the position where the upper part is connected with the motor, and an anti-corrosion wear-resistant bearing is adopted below the stirring shaft for supporting.
Furthermore, the stirring shaft is provided with double-helix stirring blades, the total length is 2 meters, the width is 60 millimeters, the thickness is 18 millimeters, and four stirring blades are arranged on the left and the right of the stirring shaft and are respectively welded on the transverse connecting rods of the stirring shaft.
Furthermore, the transverse connecting rod for supporting the blades is divided into an upper section and a lower section, the transverse connecting rod is fixed on the stirring shaft in a spiral shape at opposite angles at two sides of the shaft, and the transverse connecting rod and the double-spiral stirring blades are installed in a left-right asymmetric mode.
The invention provides a comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method through improvement, and compared with the prior art, the comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method has the following improvements and advantages:
(1) in the treatment method, in the treatment process, the subcritical water molecular structure is subjected to a series of physical and chemical reactions under the high-temperature and high-pressure states to generate acid-base ion co-catalysis, and molecular chains of various high molecular polymers are broken and reduced into small molecular polymers, so that the small molecular polymers become nutrient components which are easily absorbed by plants, and the aims of environmental protection, resource recycling, cyclic cyclization and harmlessness are finally realized.
(2) The subcritical water generates strong decomposition force and dissolving force under the high-temperature and high-pressure state to treat the comprehensive organic waste, so that the combination degree of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in the comprehensive organic waste is reduced, and all mixed bacteria, worm eggs and viruses can be thoroughly killed. Finally converted into small molecular solid and liquid organic fertilizer.
(3) The method has the advantages that the comprehensive organic waste is subjected to dispersion treatment, the transportation cost is reduced, the ecological environment-friendly policy of land occupation by burying is avoided, the characteristics and the advantages of the subcritical hydrolysis treatment technology are met, tail products produced by the subcritical hydrolysis treatment technology are derived from various organic substances, and the ratio of organic matters in the tail products to organic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is high.
Drawings
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method through improvement, as shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps:
s1, coarse crushing: pouring the comprehensive waste into a coarse crusher, starting the coarse crusher, crushing the comprehensive waste into coarse particles by using the coarse crusher, putting the coarse particles into an automatic winnowing machine, starting the automatic winnowing machine, selecting non-treatable substances such as rubber, glass, metal, ceramic and the like by using the automatic winnowing machine, recycling resources, and obtaining organic waste by using the automatic winnowing machine;
s2, fine crushing: putting the organic waste into a fine crusher, starting the fine crusher, and finely crushing the organic waste by the fine crusher to obtain small-particle organic waste;
s3, hydrolysis: putting small-particle organic wastes into a subcritical hydrolysis device, starting the subcritical hydrolysis device, connecting a steam port of the subcritical hydrolysis device into a steam pipeline, conveying steam into the subcritical hydrolysis device through the steam pipeline, setting the steam temperature in the subcritical hydrolysis device at 300 ℃, setting the pressure at 15.0MPa, adjusting the pressure, the temperature and subcritical steam, setting the set steam temperature and the pressure in the subcritical hydrolysis device to reach subcritical water, adopting a vertical hydrolysis tank as the subcritical hydrolysis device, when the subcritical hydrolysis device is used, connecting a stirring shaft to the output end of a motor of the starting device, driving the stirring shaft to rotate by the motor, adopting a magnetic sealing device as the stirring shaft, having strong sealing property, being vertical, being not easy to deform, being easy to discharge from the vertical hydrolysis tank and reducing occupied space, most organic substances and hydrocarbons in subcritical water can be dissolved, so that the subcritical hydrolysis device carries out critical hydrolysis treatment on the organic waste, after the organic waste is subjected to the critical hydrolysis treatment, a valve of a steam pipe is closed, an air escape valve on the subcritical hydrolysis device is opened, the temperature in the subcritical hydrolysis device is reduced, and solid and liquid organic fertilizers are discharged through a discharge pipe, so that the solid and liquid organic fertilizers are obtained.
Furthermore, the volume of the vertical hydrolysis tank body is 6 cubic meters, the diameter of the tank body is 1.8 meters, the material is a composite plate of 304 stainless steel and carbon steel, the material cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is increased; the length of the stirring shaft is 2.8 meters, a high-pressure-resistant magnetic sealing device is adopted at the position where the upper part of the stirring shaft is connected with a motor, an anti-corrosion wear-resistant bearing support is adopted below the stirring shaft, and the stirring shaft and the stirring motor are combined through the magnetic sealing device, so that the tank body can be completely sealed and airtight, and the effect of stable pressure maintaining is achieved in the subcritical hydrolysis process; the stirring shaft is provided with double-helix stirring blades, the total length is 2 meters, the width is 60 millimeters, the thickness is 18 millimeters, and the left and the right of each stirring blade are respectively welded on a transverse connecting rod of the stirring shaft; the horizontal connecting rod of support blade divides upper and lower four sections, horizontal connecting rod becomes the heliciform with opposite angle on the both sides of axle is fixed in on the (mixing) shaft, horizontal connecting rod and two spiral stirring leaf are with controlling asymmetric mode installation, two spiral stirring leaf's primary function is upwards turning over the material, the epaxial small-size helical blade of (mixing) is pushing down the material, form outer upper and lower interior even stirring mode, make the material reach the condition that the balanced thermal complete decomposition that is heated, the clearance of two spiral stirring leaf and hydrolysis tank wall is in 20 millimeters, can avoid the material to glue the wall, can solve the uneven problem with the ejection of compact is incomplete simultaneously.
The working principle is as follows: pouring the comprehensive waste into a coarse crusher, starting the coarse crusher, crushing the comprehensive waste into coarse particles by using the coarse crusher, putting the coarse particles into an automatic winnowing machine, starting the automatic winnowing machine, selecting the non-treatable materials such as rubber, glass, metal, ceramic and the like by using the automatic winnowing machine, recycling resources, recycling the resources, obtaining organic waste by using the automatic winnowing machine, putting the organic waste into a fine crusher, starting the fine crusher, finely crushing the organic waste by using the fine crusher to obtain small-particle organic waste, putting the small-particle organic waste into a subcritical hydrolysis device, starting the subcritical hydrolysis device, connecting a steam port of the subcritical hydrolysis device into a steam pipeline, conveying steam into the subcritical hydrolysis device by using the steam pipeline, setting the steam temperature in the subcritical hydrolysis device at 150-, the pressure is set at 0.4-22.1MPa, the pressure, the temperature and subcritical water vapor are adjusted, the set vapor temperature and the pressure in the subcritical hydrolysis device reach subcritical water, the subcritical hydrolysis device adopts a vertical hydrolysis tank, when the subcritical hydrolysis device is used, the output end of the motor is connected with a stirring shaft, a motor of the starting device drives the stirring shaft to rotate, the stirring shaft adopts a magnetic sealing device, the sealing performance is strong, the vertical stirring shaft is not easy to deform, the vertical hydrolysis tank is easy to discharge materials and reduces the occupied space, most organic substances and hydrocarbons in subcritical water can be dissolved, in the treatment process, the subcritical water molecular structure is subjected to a series of physical and chemical reactions under the high-temperature and high-pressure state to generate acid-base ion co-catalysis, molecular chains of various high molecular polymers are broken at the same time, and the subcritical water vapor is reduced into small molecular polymers, the organic waste is subjected to critical hydrolysis treatment by the subcritical hydrolysis device, and subcritical water generates strong decomposition force and dissolving force under a high-temperature and high-pressure state to treat the comprehensive organic waste, so that the binding degree of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in the comprehensive organic waste is reduced, and all mixed bacteria, ova and viruses can be thoroughly eliminated. Finally converting the organic waste into micromolecular solid and liquid organic fertilizers, after the organic waste is subjected to critical hydrolysis treatment, closing a valve of a steam pipe, opening an air escape valve on a subcritical hydrolysis device, cooling the inside of the subcritical hydrolysis device, and discharging the solid and liquid organic fertilizers through a discharge pipe to obtain the solid and liquid organic fertilizers.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, coarse crushing: pouring the comprehensive waste into a coarse crusher, starting the coarse crusher, crushing the comprehensive waste into coarse particles by using the coarse crusher, putting the coarse particles into an automatic winnowing machine, and starting the automatic winnowing machine to obtain organic waste;
s2, fine crushing: putting the organic waste into a fine crusher, starting the fine crusher, and finely crushing the organic waste by the fine crusher to obtain small-particle organic waste;
s3, hydrolysis: and (3) putting the small-particle organic waste into a subcritical hydrolysis device, starting the subcritical hydrolysis device, adjusting the pressure and the temperature and subcritical water vapor, and performing critical hydrolysis treatment on the organic waste by using the subcritical hydrolysis device to obtain the solid and liquid organic fertilizer.
2. The comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step S1, the non-treatable objects such as rubber, glass, metal, ceramic and the like are selected by an automatic winnowing machine, and the resources are recycled.
3. The comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step S3, a steam port of the subcritical hydrolysis device is connected to a steam pipeline, and steam is conveyed into the subcritical hydrolysis device through the steam pipeline, wherein the temperature of the steam in the subcritical hydrolysis device is set at 150-.
4. The comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in S3, the steam temperature and the pressure in the subcritical hydrolysis apparatus are set so that most of the organic substances and hydrocarbons are dissolved in the subcritical water when reaching the subcritical water.
5. The comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in S3, after the organic waste is subjected to critical hydrolysis treatment, the valve of the steam pipe is closed, the air release valve on the subcritical hydrolysis device is opened, the temperature in the subcritical hydrolysis device is reduced, and the solid and liquid organic fertilizers are discharged through the discharge pipe.
6. The comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in S3, the subcritical hydrolysis device adopts a vertical hydrolysis tank, when the subcritical hydrolysis device is used, the output end of the motor is connected with the stirring shaft, the motor of the starting device drives the stirring shaft to rotate, the stirring shaft adopts a magnetic sealing device, the sealing performance is strong, the vertical stirring shaft is not easy to deform, and the vertical hydrolysis tank is easy to discharge and occupies less space.
7. The comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: the volume of the vertical hydrolysis tank body is 6 cubic meters, the diameter of the tank body is 1.8 meters, the vertical hydrolysis tank body is made of a composite plate of 304 stainless steel and carbon steel, and the vertical hydrolysis tank body is designed by combining a vertical cylinder with a magnetic force sealing motor.
8. The comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: the length of the stirring shaft is 2.8 meters, a high-pressure-resistant magnetic sealing device is adopted at the position where the upper part is connected with the motor, and an anti-corrosion wear-resistant bearing is adopted below the stirring shaft for supporting.
9. The comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: the stirring shaft is provided with a double-helix stirring blade, the total length is 2 m, the width is 60 mm, the thickness is 18 mm, four stirring blades are arranged on the left and right of the stirring shaft respectively and are welded on the transverse connecting rod of the stirring shaft respectively.
10. The comprehensive organic waste subcritical hydrolysis treatment method according to claim 9, characterized by comprising the following steps: the transverse connecting rod for supporting the blades is divided into an upper section and a lower section, the transverse connecting rod is spirally fixed on the stirring shaft at two sides of the shaft at opposite angles, and the transverse connecting rod and the double-helix stirring blades are installed in a left-right asymmetrical mode.
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| CN206560806U (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-10-17 | 浙江美丽华印刷材料科技有限公司 | A kind of double leaf screw agitation shaft of ink stirring |
| CN108929845A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-04 | 南昌大学 | A kind of more materials are stirred hydrolysis device |
| CN111393224A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-10 | 中科实盈(广东)生物技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for producing nano fertilizer and other types of solid and liquid organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and slow-release pesticide |
| ES2798049A1 (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-12-04 | Univ Alicante | PROCEDURE AND SYSTEM FOR THE ELIMINATION OF ODORS IN RECYCLED PLASTICS (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
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Application publication date: 20220617 |