CN114628906A - Broadband dual-polarized antenna based on coplanar T-shaped feed structure and communication equipment - Google Patents

Broadband dual-polarized antenna based on coplanar T-shaped feed structure and communication equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114628906A
CN114628906A CN202210232779.4A CN202210232779A CN114628906A CN 114628906 A CN114628906 A CN 114628906A CN 202210232779 A CN202210232779 A CN 202210232779A CN 114628906 A CN114628906 A CN 114628906A
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China
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patch
polarized antenna
dielectric substrate
broadband
shaped metal
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CN202210232779.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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李园春
魏利娟
王凯旭
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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Priority to CN202210232779.4A priority Critical patent/CN114628906A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/28—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the amplitude
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband dual-polarized antenna based on a coplanar T-shaped feed structure and communication equipment, which comprise an upper dielectric substrate and a lower dielectric substrate which are arranged in a superposition mode, wherein a metal radiation layer is printed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate, a metal floor is printed on the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate, and a differential feed network is printed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate. The broadband miniaturized digital television receiver has the characteristic of low profile, has wide enough bandwidth, and is suitable for broadband miniaturization application scenes.

Description

Broadband dual-polarized antenna based on coplanar T-shaped feed structure and communication equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of communication antennas, in particular to a broadband dual-polarized antenna based on a coplanar T-shaped feed structure and communication equipment.
Background
In wireless communication systems, dual polarized antennas are widely used to suppress multipath fading and increase channel capacity. On one hand, in practical applications, a dual-polarized antenna needs to simultaneously cover multiple operating frequency ranges of communication and stabilize radiation. On the other hand, the low profile nature may make the communication device more compact and easier to integrate. Dual polarized patch antennas and dual polarized dipole antennas are antenna forms that are often used in communication systems. Patch antennas have the advantage of low profile, but generally have a narrow bandwidth. Broadband dipole antennas are typically one-quarter wavelength thick and difficult to use in low profile scenarios. Therefore, in order to satisfy the requirements of bandwidth and low profile, it is important to realize broadband performance under low profile.
An article entitled "A broadband differential feed Dual-Polarized Stacked Patch Antenna With Tuned Slot orientations" was published by Zhaoyang Tang et al in 2018 "IEEE TRANSACTION ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION", and the-10 dB bandwidth of the Dual-Polarized Patch Antenna designed in the article can reach 60%, but the thickness of the Antenna section reaches 0.25 lambda due to the adoption of the longitudinal stacking technology0(λ0The wavelength of air at the antenna's operating center frequency), the cross-sectional thickness is relatively high.
Hailiang Zhu et al published an article entitled "A Broadband Dual-Polarized Antenna With Low Profile Using non-shaped metrology" in 2019, in which an article having a section thickness of 0.1 λ is designed by Using a non-uniform super-surface structure0Compared with the conventional 0.25 lambda dual polarized antenna0A thick dipole antenna which has good low profile characteristics but also has a relatively narrow bandwidth of operation.
Generally, the characteristic of low profile is often sacrificed in the improvement of bandwidth, and the corresponding low-profile antenna is difficult to operate under sufficiently wide bandwidth, so that it is of great significance to design a low-profile broadband dual-polarized antenna based on a coplanar T-shaped feed structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a broadband dual-polarized antenna based on a coplanar T-shaped feed structure and communication equipment by combining the structural forms of a patch antenna and a dipole antenna. The coplanar T-shaped feed structure and the corner cutting technology are used, so that 61% of bandwidth is obtained under the condition that the section is not improved, and the antenna has stable radiation intensity and polarization isolation degree meeting requirements within the working bandwidth.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a broadband dual-polarized antenna based on a coplanar T-shaped feed structure comprises an upper dielectric substrate and a lower dielectric substrate which are arranged in a stacked mode, wherein a metal radiation layer is printed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate, a metal floor is printed on the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate, and a differential feed network is printed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate.
Further, the metal radiation layer comprises four identical radiation patches which are symmetrical with respect to the center point of the upper dielectric substrate.
Further, the radiation patch is an arrow-shaped metal patch, a gap is formed in the middle of the arrow-shaped metal patch, and the gap is embedded into the long-strip-shaped metal patch.
Further, arrow form metal patch includes a rectangle paster, the head of rectangle paster is equipped with oblique cutting angle, and its afterbody is equipped with rectangle corner cut.
Furthermore, strip-shaped metal patches and arrow-shaped metal patches are printed on the same plane and are connected in a gap coupling mode, the differential feed network transmits energy to the strip-shaped metal patches through the feed metal holes and then is coupled to the arrow-shaped metal patches through the gaps.
Further, the metal floor is provided with a non-metalized via hole.
Further, the differential feed network comprises two broadband baluns, each broadband balun comprises a Wilson power divider and a 180-degree phase converter, and the 180-degree phase converter is provided with a circular pad at the tail end.
Furthermore, two wings of the arrow-shaped metal patch are provided with short-circuit metal through holes for connecting with the metal floor.
A communication device comprises the broadband dual-polarized antenna.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the coplanar T-shaped feed structure is adopted, so that the bandwidth of the antenna can be increased under the condition of maintaining the height of the conventional section;
(2) the arrow-shaped radiation patch adopted by the invention can effectively use two modes of TM01 and TM20 to improve the bandwidth;
(3) the short-circuit metal through holes used on the two wings of the arrow-shaped metal patch can effectively improve the high-frequency gain in the pass band, so that the antenna can maintain stable radiation in the whole pass band.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a top view of the bottom surface of the upper dielectric substrate according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a top view of the bottom surface of the lower dielectric substrate of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a simulation diagram and an actual diagram of the S parameter in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a simulation diagram and an actual diagram of the gain frequency response of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 8(a) -8 (j) are directional diagrams at respective resonance points of embodiment 1 of the present invention, which are directional diagrams at 2.15GHz, 2.45GHz, 2.9GHz, 3.45GHz, and 3.85GHz in this order.
Fig. 9 is a comparison graph of the differential reflection coefficient simulation of whether the coplanar T-shaped feed structure is used or not in the embodiment 1 of the present invention when the differential feed network is not used.
Fig. 10 is a simulation comparison diagram of the differential reflection coefficient of the case of using the arrowhead-shaped radiation patch in the embodiment 1 of the present invention when the differential feed network is not used.
Fig. 11 is a graph showing the comparison of the gain frequency response of the short-circuit metal via and the 3D radiation direction of the short-circuit metal via in 3.8GHz when the differential feed network is not used in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-4, a low-profile broadband dual-polarized antenna based on a coplanar T-shaped feed structure includes an upper dielectric substrate 2 and a lower dielectric substrate 4, which are stacked up and down, wherein a metal radiation layer is printed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate, a metal floor 3 is printed on the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate, and a differential feed network 5 is printed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate.
Further, the metal radiation layer includes four arrow-shaped metal patches 1 and four strip-shaped metal patches 8, and the two metal patches are axisymmetric printed to form a dual-polarized radiation patch.
Specifically, the four arrow-shaped metal patches 1 are grouped in pairs, are arranged on the transverse middle line and the longitudinal middle line of the upper-layer dielectric substrate, and are symmetrical with respect to the center point of the upper-layer dielectric substrate.
Specifically, arrow form metal paster is through obtaining at rectangle paster head chamfer angle, its afterbody rectangle chamfer, then opens long gap in the middle of chamfer angle one end, imbeds rectangular shape metal paster, and both do not direct contact pass through gap coupling connection.
Specifically, the size of the gap is larger than that of the elongated metal patch.
As shown in fig. 3, the arrow-shaped metal patch 1 uses a chamfer near the center of the central antenna and a rectangular chamfer near the peripheral edge of the antenna, so that the shape of the arrow-shaped metal patch 1 is directed to the center of the antenna.
The long strip-shaped metal patch and the arrow-shaped metal patch are printed on the same plane and are connected in a coupling mode through a gap, the feed metal hole transmits energy to the long strip-shaped metal patch and then is coupled to the arrow-shaped metal patch through the gap, and the short-circuit metal via holes 7 are located on two wings of the arrow-shaped metal patch and used for being connected with a metal floor.
Specifically, the rectangular metal patch is directly connected with the feed metal hole to form a T-shaped feed structure.
The feed metal hole 6 penetrates through the two layers of dielectric substrates, one end of the feed metal hole is connected with the differential feed network 5 printed on the lower surface of the lower layer of dielectric substrate, and the other end of the feed metal hole penetrates through the non-metallized through hole 9 of the metal floor and is connected with the strip-shaped metal patch printed on the upper surface of the upper layer of dielectric substrate.
As shown in fig. 5, the differential feed network includes two broadband baluns, which have the same design but different routing, and each broadband balun corresponds to one port and feeds two polarized radiation patches respectively.
Each broadband balun is formed by connecting a Wilson power divider and a 180-degree phase converter. The terminals of each 180 ° phase converter are two circular pads.
One end of the feed metal hole 6 is connected with the circular pad of the differential feed network 5, and the other end of the feed metal hole passes through the non-metallized through hole 9 in the middle of the metal floor 3 and is connected with the strip-shaped metal patch 8 of the metal radiation layer.
Specifically, the energy flow path is: energy enters from the side feed of the left port and the right port of the bottom differential feed network 5, flows to the terminal circular pad through the feed network, and then flows upwards to the strip-shaped metal patch 8 through the feed metallized through hole 6 connected with the circular pad, and finally the arrow-shaped metal patch 1 is coupled with the gap of the strip-shaped metal patch 8 to obtain energy.
Specifically, the centers of circles of the circular pad of the upper and lower dielectric substrates, the non-metalized via hole of the metal floor and the feed metal hole, which are attached to the differential feed network, are positioned on the same vertical line.
In the present embodiment, the upper dielectric substrate 2 is made of F4BM220 having a dielectric constant of 2.2, and has a thickness H1 of 10 mm. The lower dielectric substrate 4 is made of Rogers RO4003C material with a dielectric constant of 3.38, and the thickness H2 is 0.508 mm.
In this embodiment, the initial rectangular patch L1, W1, and head chamfer angle Cw 17.5mm, the tail rectangular chamfer angle L4, W4, and the long slit L2, W2, which are used to produce the arrowhead-shaped metal patch, are 50mm, 38mm, 17.5mm, 14mm, 6mm, and 6mm, respectively.
In the present embodiment, the length and width of the strip-shaped metal patch 8 are respectively 17mm in L3 and 3mm in W3.
In this embodiment, the distance from the short-circuit metal via 7 to the side edge of the arrowhead-shaped metal patch is 2mm, which is S1.
The diameter of the feed metal hole 6 in this embodiment is 2.4mm — D1.
The differential feed network 5 in this embodiment uses the design of "A New Wide-band Planar band on a Single-Layer PCB" published by "IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS" by ZHENYU zhang et al 2005.
As shown in fig. 5, the differential feed network is composed of a left broadband balun and a right broadband balun which have completely identical structures and different routing. Taking the left broadband balun as an example, starting from the leftmost feed port, the left broadband balun is a section of 50 Ω microstrip line, and then the microstrip line is divided into two identical paths, namely an upper path and a lower path, with the length of λ0The/4 microstrip line with 70.71 omega impedance value, the two microstrip line terminals are connected with the 50 omega microstrip line, the upper and lower two paths are connected by the 100 omega patch resistor, the subsequent connection impedance value of the upper path is 50 omega, and the length is lambda0The lower path of the microstrip line (2) is continuously connected with a microstrip line with an impedance value of 80.5 omega and a length of lambda0A/2 microstrip line, wherein the two ends of the microstrip line are respectively divided into a lambda with an open terminal and a short terminal at the same time0A branch node of/8.
As shown in fig. 6, from the simulation and the measured S parameter diagram of the low-profile broadband dual-polarized antenna based on the coplanar T-shaped feed structure, it can be found that the-10 dB impedance bandwidth under the simulation and the measured S parameter diagram can reach 61%. The operating frequency is 2.10GHz to 3.95 GHz.
As shown in fig. 7, from simulation and measured gain diagram of the low-profile broadband dual-polarized antenna based on the coplanar T-shaped feed structure, it can be found that the gain in the whole operating frequency band is relatively stable, and the measured gain range is 6.13dBi to 8.39 dBi.
As shown in fig. 8(a) to 8(j), it can be found from the simulated and measured directional patterns of the low-profile broadband dual-polarized antenna based on the coplanar T-shaped feed structure at 5 frequency points that the maximum radiation directions thereof can be kept consistent, and the radiation directional patterns are relatively stable.
As shown in fig. 9, it can be seen from the comparison of reflection coefficient diagrams of whether the coplanar T-shaped feed structure is used, the introduction of the coplanar T-shaped feed structure can significantly improve the bandwidth.
As shown in fig. 10, as shown by comparing the reflection coefficient maps of the rectangular cut angles, the last resonant mode (TM20 mode) can be shifted to a high frequency by using the rectangular cut angles, thereby increasing the bandwidth.
The use of rectangular cut angles reduces the current path length of the TM20 mode, raising the frequency at which the TM20 mode is located.
As shown in fig. 11, as can be seen from the gain comparison graph of whether or not the short-circuited metalized via is used on both sides of the arrow-shaped metal patch 1, the gain of the high frequency in the pass band can be improved by using the short-circuited metalized via.
Example 2
A communication device comprising a low-profile broadband dual-polarized antenna based on a coplanar T-feed structure as described in embodiment 1.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A broadband dual-polarized antenna based on a coplanar T-shaped feed structure is characterized by comprising an upper dielectric substrate and a lower dielectric substrate which are arranged in an overlapping mode, wherein a metal radiation layer is printed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate, a metal floor is printed on the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate, and a differential feed network is printed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate.
2. A broadband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the metallic radiating layer comprises four identical radiating patches, and is symmetrical about a central point of the upper dielectric substrate.
3. The broadband dual polarized antenna of claim 2, wherein the radiating patch is an arrow-shaped metal patch, and a gap is formed in the middle of the arrow-shaped metal patch and embedded in the strip-shaped metal patch.
4. A broadband dual polarized antenna according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the arrowhead shaped metal patch comprises a rectangular patch, the head of the rectangular patch is provided with chamfered corners, and the tail of the rectangular patch is provided with rectangular chamfered corners.
5. The broadband dual-polarized antenna of claim 3, wherein the strip-shaped metal patch and the arrow-shaped metal patch are printed on the same plane and coupled through a slot, and the differential feed network transfers energy to the strip-shaped metal patch through the feed metal hole and then coupled to the arrow-shaped metal patch through the slot.
6. The wideband dual polarized antenna of claim 5, wherein the metal floor is provided with non-metallized vias.
7. A broadband dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the differential feed network comprises two broadband baluns, each broadband balun comprising a wilson power divider and a 180 ° phase shifter, the 180 ° phase shifters terminating in circular pads.
8. A broadband dual polarized antenna according to claim 3, wherein both wings of the arrowhead shaped metal patch are provided with short-circuited metal vias for connection with a metal ground plane.
9. A communication device comprising a wideband dual polarized antenna according to any of claims 1-9.
CN202210232779.4A 2022-03-09 2022-03-09 Broadband dual-polarized antenna based on coplanar T-shaped feed structure and communication equipment Pending CN114628906A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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CN202210232779.4A CN114628906A (en) 2022-03-09 2022-03-09 Broadband dual-polarized antenna based on coplanar T-shaped feed structure and communication equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210232779.4A CN114628906A (en) 2022-03-09 2022-03-09 Broadband dual-polarized antenna based on coplanar T-shaped feed structure and communication equipment

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CN114628906A true CN114628906A (en) 2022-06-14

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