CN114628736B - Shutdown device and shutdown method for liquid fuel electric pile system - Google Patents

Shutdown device and shutdown method for liquid fuel electric pile system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114628736B
CN114628736B CN202011474825.9A CN202011474825A CN114628736B CN 114628736 B CN114628736 B CN 114628736B CN 202011474825 A CN202011474825 A CN 202011474825A CN 114628736 B CN114628736 B CN 114628736B
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air
electric pile
shutdown
fuel
reactor
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CN114628736A (en
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王素力
刘一荻
孙公权
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/043Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
    • H01M8/04303Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04228Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0438Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04388Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04537Electric variables
    • H01M8/04544Voltage
    • H01M8/04559Voltage of fuel cell stacks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04955Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0618Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a shutdown strategy and a shutdown method of a fuel cell system, wherein a plasma catalytic reforming liquid fuel is taken as a hydrogen source to enter a pile for discharging, and the shutdown device comprises: the electronic load is used for monitoring the loading current of the pile after starting to stop; the plasma reactor is used for introducing air and fuel into the electric pile after performing plasma catalytic reforming; an air pump; a liquid flow sensor; an air flow sensor; an electromagnetic exhaust valve; a temperature sensor; a voltage sensor; in the present invention, a shutdown method in which the discharge power of the pile system is reduced simultaneously with the fuel feed amount is employed, whereby: on one hand, the catalyst can still generate reducing gas in the long-time shutdown process so as to prevent the catalyst from being excessively oxidized and violently releasing heat, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the catalyst; on the other hand, in the long-time shutdown process, a large amount of residual fuel in the reactor caused by the inertia of the liquid pump can be prevented, and further the occurrence of the carbon deposition phenomenon is effectively avoided.

Description

Shutdown device and shutdown method for liquid fuel electric pile system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a shutdown strategy and a shutdown method of a fuel cell system, wherein a plasma catalytic reforming liquid fuel is taken as a hydrogen source to enter a pile for discharging.
Background
The liquid fuel (such as diesel, gasoline, ethanol and methanol) is produced by the synergistic effect of plasma and catalyst, so that the fuel can produce high-concentration hydrogen and low-concentration CO through chemical reaction, and the produced hydrogen can be used as the raw material of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
However, in the high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell system using the liquid fuel of the plasma catalytic reforming as the hydrogen source, because the temperature of the electric pile in the system is long (for example, the temperature is reduced to 120 ℃ from the working temperature of 180 ℃) and the time of introducing air in the plasma catalytic reforming reactor is long when the partial oxidation reforming or autothermal reforming technical route is adopted, the catalyst which is originally in a reduction state is oxidized, so that a large amount of heat is emitted, even the tolerance temperature of the catalyst can be exceeded, the catalyst performance is influenced, and finally the reliability of the whole cell system is reduced.
In addition, in the reforming liquid fuel cell system, when the system is shut down, residual fuel exists in the plasma catalytic reforming reactor due to the inertia of a liquid pump and the like, so carbon deposition can be generated, active sites of a catalyst are covered, the activity of the catalyst is reduced, and the service life of the fuel cell system is further influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention to provide a shutdown device and a shutdown method for a fuel cell system in which a liquid fuel for plasma catalytic reforming is fed as a hydrogen source into a stack for discharge.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a liquid fuel cell stack system shutdown device, comprising:
the electronic load is used for monitoring the loading current of the pile after starting to stop;
the plasma reactor is used for introducing air and fuel into the electric pile after performing plasma catalytic reforming;
the air pump is used for introducing air into the electric pile;
a liquid flow sensor for monitoring the flow of fuel into the plasma reactor, triggering a temperature sensor when the flow of fuel reaches a first threshold;
an air flow sensor for monitoring the air flow into the plasma reactor, triggering a temperature sensor when the air flow reaches a second threshold;
the electromagnetic exhaust valve is arranged on the gas path between the plasma reactor and the electric pile and is used for communicating or cutting off the evacuation of the gas path;
the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the electric pile, and when the temperature of the electric pile reaches a temperature threshold value, the voltage sensor is triggered, and the air pump is closed;
and the voltage sensor is used for monitoring the voltage of the electric pile, and triggering the electromagnetic exhaust valve when the voltage of the electric pile reaches a voltage threshold value, so that the electromagnetic exhaust valve cuts off the gas path and the shutdown of the electric pile system is realized.
Preferably, the shutdown device further comprises an air compressor for compressing air and then introducing the compressed air into the plasma reactor.
Preferably, the shutdown device further comprises an air filter for filtering air introduced into the plasma reactor.
Preferably, the shut down device further comprises a pressure sensor for monitoring the air pressure entering the plasma reactor.
Preferably, the plasma reactor further comprises a fuel pump for introducing fuel into the plasma reactor.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises a fuel filter for filtering fuel introduced into the plasma reactor.
Preferably, the system further comprises a current sensor for monitoring the current applied to the pile by the direct current power supply.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention further provides the following technical solutions:
a method of shutdown of a liquid fuel cell stack system, comprising the steps of:
after the pile system is stopped, loading current to the pile;
monitoring the fuel feeding flow and the air flow entering the reactor respectively, and judging whether the temperature of the electric pile is reduced to a preset temperature threshold value or not when the feeding flow and the air flow reach corresponding threshold values respectively; if yes, closing a cathode air pump of the electric pile; and judging whether the voltage of the electric pile is reduced to a preset voltage threshold value, and if so, cutting off the air inlet of the anode of the electric pile to stop the electric pile system.
Preferably, after the cutting off the anode air intake of the galvanic pile, the method further comprises:
cutting off the fuel feed to the reactor;
air was continuously introduced into the reactor for 5-10 minutes.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
cutting off the power supply of the reactor, and continuously introducing air into the reactor for 5-10 minutes;
and cutting off air inlet of the reactor to realize shutdown of the electric pile system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the invention, a shutdown device and a shutdown method of a liquid fuel electric pile system adopt a shutdown method that the discharge power and the fuel feeding amount of the electric pile system are reduced simultaneously, thereby:
on one hand, the catalyst can still generate reducing gas in the long-time shutdown process so as to prevent the catalyst from being excessively oxidized and violently releasing heat, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the catalyst;
on the other hand, in the long-time shutdown process, a large amount of residual fuel in the reactor caused by the inertia of the liquid pump can be prevented, and further the occurrence of the carbon deposition phenomenon is effectively avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a shutdown device for a liquid fuel cell stack system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of shutdown of a liquid fuel cell stack system provided by the present invention;
in the figure: 1-electronic load, 2-plasma reactor, 3-air pump, 4-liquid flow sensor, 5-air flow sensor, 6-electromagnetic exhaust valve, 7-temperature sensor, 8-voltage sensor, 9-air compressor, 10-air filter, 11-pressure sensor, 12-fuel pump, 13-fuel filter, 14-current sensor.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a shutdown device of a liquid fuel cell stack system provided in the present invention, in which the shutdown device includes:
an electronic load 1 for monitoring the pile loading current after starting to stop;
a plasma reactor 2 for introducing air and fuel into the electric pile after performing plasma catalytic reforming;
an air pump 3 for introducing air into the electric pile;
a liquid flow sensor 4 for monitoring the flow of fuel into the plasma reactor 2, triggering a temperature sensor 7 when the flow of fuel reaches a first threshold;
an air flow sensor 5 for monitoring the air flow into the plasma reactor 2, triggering the temperature sensor 7 when the air flow reaches a second threshold;
the electromagnetic exhaust valve 6 is arranged on the gas path between the plasma reactor 2 and the electric pile and is used for communicating or cutting off the evacuation of the gas path;
the temperature sensor 7 is used for monitoring the temperature of the electric pile, and when the temperature of the electric pile reaches a temperature threshold value, the voltage sensor 8 is triggered, and the air pump 3 is closed;
and the voltage sensor 8 is used for monitoring the voltage of the electric pile, and when the voltage of the electric pile reaches a voltage threshold value, the electromagnetic exhaust valve 6 is triggered, so that the electromagnetic exhaust valve 6 cuts off a gas path, and the shutdown of the electric pile system is realized.
An air compressor 9 for compressing air and introducing the compressed air into the plasma reactor 2;
an air filter 10 for filtering air introduced into the plasma reactor 2;
a pressure sensor 11 for monitoring the pressure of air entering the plasma reactor 2;
a fuel pump 12 for introducing fuel into the plasma reactor 2;
a fuel filter 13 for filtering the fuel introduced into the plasma reactor 2;
and a current sensor 14 for monitoring the current applied to the pile by the DC power supply.
The liquid fuel cell stack system stopping device provided by the above is suitable for stopping a plasma catalytic reforming liquid fuel cell stack system.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, a flow chart of a shutdown method of a liquid fuel cell stack system provided in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
after the pile system is stopped, an electronic load 1 monitors the pile loading current;
monitoring the fuel feeding flow and the air flow entering the reactor respectively, and judging whether the temperature of the electric pile is reduced to a preset temperature threshold value when the feeding flow and the air flow reach corresponding threshold values respectively; if yes, closing the cathode air pump 3 of the electric pile; then judging whether the voltage of the electric pile is reduced to a preset voltage threshold value, and if so, cutting off the air inlet of the anode of the electric pile;
after the anode of the electric pile is cut off from feeding air, the fuel feeding of the reactor is cut off;
then, cutting off the power supply of the reactor, and continuously introducing air into the reactor for 5-10 minutes;
and finally, cutting off air inlet of the reactor to realize shutdown of the electric pile system.
Specifically, the shutdown method provided in the present embodiment is executed based on the shutdown device disclosed above:
s1, starting to execute shutdown of the pile system.
S2, through the electronic load 1, monitoring the loading current of the electric pile, and detecting the loading current within the range of 2-8A based on the current sensor 14; at the same time, the fuel and air feed to the reactor 2 was reduced, the fuel feed was reduced to 10-20mL/min based on the detection of the liquid flow sensor 4 and the adjustment of the fuel pump 12, and the air feed was reduced to 25-56LPM based on the detection of the air flow sensor 5 and the adjustment of the air compressor 9.
S3, monitoring the temperature of the electric pile through the temperature sensor 7 in the shutdown process, entering a step S4 when the temperature of the electric pile is reduced to 120 ℃, otherwise returning to the step S2.
S4, stopping the air pump 3, and cutting off cathode air inlet of the electric pile.
S5, monitoring the pile voltage through the voltage sensor 8, entering a step S6 when the pile voltage is reduced to be within the range of 20-25V, otherwise returning to the step S4.
S6, cutting off the electromagnetic exhaust valve 6 to cut off anode air inlet of the electric pile, stopping the fuel pump 12 at the same time, cutting off fuel supply of the plasma reactor 2, and continuously electrifying the power supply of the plasma reactor 2 for 5-10 minutes under the condition of air supply;
s7, cutting off the power supply of the plasma reactor 2, and continuously introducing air for 5-10 minutes through an air compressor 9;
s8, stopping the air compressor 9, cutting off air inlet of the plasma reactor 2, and stopping the electric pile system.
In summary, the invention adopts a shutdown method that the discharge power and the fuel feed amount of the electric pile system are reduced simultaneously, thereby: on one hand, the catalyst can still generate reducing gas in the long-time shutdown process so as to prevent the catalyst from being excessively oxidized and violently releasing heat, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the catalyst; on the other hand, in the long-time shutdown process, a large amount of residual fuel in the reactor caused by the inertia of the liquid pump can be prevented, and further the occurrence of the carbon deposition phenomenon is effectively avoided.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A liquid fuel cell stack system shutdown device, comprising:
the electronic load is used for monitoring the loading current of the pile after starting to stop;
the plasma reactor is used for introducing air and fuel into the electric pile after performing plasma catalytic reforming;
the air pump is used for introducing air into the electric pile;
a liquid flow sensor for monitoring the flow of fuel into the plasma reactor, triggering a temperature sensor when the flow of fuel reaches a first threshold;
an air flow sensor for monitoring the air flow into the plasma reactor, triggering a temperature sensor when the air flow reaches a second threshold;
the electromagnetic exhaust valve is arranged on the gas path between the plasma reactor and the electric pile and is used for communicating or cutting off the evacuation of the gas path;
the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the electric pile, and when the temperature of the electric pile reaches a temperature threshold value, the voltage sensor is triggered, and the air pump is closed;
and the voltage sensor is used for monitoring the voltage of the electric pile, and triggering the electromagnetic exhaust valve when the voltage of the electric pile reaches a voltage threshold value, so that the electromagnetic exhaust valve cuts off the gas path and the shutdown of the electric pile system is realized.
2. A liquid fuel cell stack system shut down device in accordance with claim 1 further comprising an air compressor for compressing air into said plasma reactor.
3. A liquid fuel cell stack system shut down device in accordance with claim 2, further comprising an air filter for filtering air introduced into said plasma reactor.
4. A liquid fuel cell stack system shut down device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a pressure sensor for monitoring the air pressure entering said plasma reactor.
5. A liquid fuel cell stack system shut down device as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a fuel pump for supplying fuel to said plasma reactor.
6. A liquid fuel cell stack system shut down device as set forth in claim 5, further comprising a fuel filter for filtering fuel to said plasma reactor.
7. A liquid fuel cell stack system shut down device in accordance with claim 1 further comprising a current sensor for monitoring the current applied to said stack by the dc power source.
8. A shutdown method of a liquid fuel cell stack system shutdown device as set forth in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
after the pile system is stopped, loading current to the pile;
monitoring the fuel feeding flow and the air flow entering the reactor respectively, and judging whether the temperature of the electric pile is reduced to a preset temperature threshold value or not when the feeding flow and the air flow reach corresponding threshold values respectively; if yes, closing a cathode air pump of the electric pile;
and judging whether the voltage of the electric pile is reduced to a preset voltage threshold value, and if so, cutting off the air inlet of the anode of the electric pile to stop the electric pile system.
9. The shutdown method of claim 8, further comprising, after cutting off the stack anode intake:
cutting off the fuel feed to the reactor;
air was continuously introduced into the reactor for 5-10 minutes.
10. The shutdown method of claim 9, further comprising:
cutting off the power supply of the reactor, and continuously introducing air into the reactor for 5-10 minutes;
and cutting off air inlet of the reactor to realize shutdown of the electric pile system.
CN202011474825.9A 2020-12-14 2020-12-14 Shutdown device and shutdown method for liquid fuel electric pile system Active CN114628736B (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009211878A (en) * 2008-03-03 2009-09-17 Casio Comput Co Ltd Power generation system
CN109687000A (en) * 2019-02-20 2019-04-26 河南豫氢动力有限公司 A kind of fuel cell system shuts down electric discharge device and method

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040081862A1 (en) * 2002-10-28 2004-04-29 Herman Gregory S. Fuel cells using plasma
US9401523B2 (en) * 2007-01-09 2016-07-26 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Fuel cell and method for reducing electrode degradation during startup and shutdown cycles

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009211878A (en) * 2008-03-03 2009-09-17 Casio Comput Co Ltd Power generation system
CN109687000A (en) * 2019-02-20 2019-04-26 河南豫氢动力有限公司 A kind of fuel cell system shuts down electric discharge device and method

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