CN114628068B - Environment-friendly cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114628068B CN114628068B CN202210328881.4A CN202210328881A CN114628068B CN 114628068 B CN114628068 B CN 114628068B CN 202210328881 A CN202210328881 A CN 202210328881A CN 114628068 B CN114628068 B CN 114628068B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 34
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 34
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 34
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007833 carbon precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008384 inner phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008385 outer phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000640 hydroxylating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 37
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- JORKABJLEXAPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethenylcyclopentan-1-one Chemical compound C=CC1CCC(=O)C1 JORKABJLEXAPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/0016—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for heat treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/003—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables using irradiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
- H01B13/222—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by electro-plating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
- H01B13/24—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by extrusion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/1875—Multi-layer sheaths
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/26—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
- C08K3/041—Carbon nanotubes
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly cable and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of cables. According to the invention, the film deposition process, the spraying, the deposition and the foaming carbonization treatment processes are sequentially carried out on the surface of the insulated wire core to form the metal copper-foam carbon with a three-dimensional network structure, so that internal electrons are conducted more efficiently, meanwhile, the metal copper deposited on the surface is continuously dispersed along foam holes in the foam carbon forming process and is mutually overlapped to form a dense conductive network, and the electromagnetic energy resistance of the cable is improved; and then, carrying out modification treatment on the crosslinked polyethylene sheath layer, firstly carrying out preliminary modification by using oxygen-limited irradiation, and then carrying out secondary modification by using the hydroxylated carbon nano tube, 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane and 3-vinyl cyclopentane-1-ketone to form a non-uniform crosslinked network structure, disperse stress and improve the tear resistance of the cable. The environment-friendly cable prepared by the invention has the effects of electromagnetic interference resistance and tear resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to an environment-friendly cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Wire and cable are used to transmit electrical (magnetic) energy, information and wire products for electromagnetic energy conversion. The broad sense of electric wire and cable is also simply referred to as cable, and the narrow sense of cable is referred to as insulated cable, which can be defined as: an assembly consisting of: one or more insulated cores, and the respective coatings, total protective layers and outer protective layers that they may have, may also have additional uninsulated conductors.
The existing cable is easy to be influenced by the outside in the using process, once the crack appears on the outer layer of the cable, the crack can be gradually enlarged under the influence of external temperature and environment, so that the internal materials are exposed, and the internal wire transmission efficiency is poor. In addition, the existing cable is often shielded by round copper wires, the gap between the copper wires is larger, the shielding anti-interference performance is poor, and data distortion is easy to cause, so that the cable is difficult to use in some high-end and important occasions, and therefore, how to invent the cable with electromagnetic interference resistance and tear resistance is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly cable and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an environment-friendly cable sequentially comprises a wire core, an insulating layer, a shielding layer and a sheath layer from inside to outside; the shielding layer is a copper-foam carbon sandwich type shielding layer; the sheath layer is a modified crosslinked polyethylene sheath layer.
Further, the shielding layer is prepared by sequentially carrying out film deposition process, spraying, deposition, foaming and carbonization.
Further, the film deposition process: using oxygen-limited radiation to assist electrostatic spinning to prepare polyaniline hollow fiber membrane; the spraying is carried out by taking corn stalk liquefier as a raw material; the deposition: preparing a copper-plated fiber membrane by utilizing ultrasonic-low-temperature plasma auxiliary pulse electroplating; the foaming carbonization: and (3) performing supercritical primary foaming, spraying corn stalk liquefied matters, performing supercritical foaming again, and performing low-temperature carbonization to obtain the shielding layer.
Further, the sheath layer is prepared by modifying the crosslinked polyethylene by oxygen-limited irradiation, and then secondarily modifying the crosslinked polyethylene by utilizing the hydroxylated carbon nano tube, the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane and the 3-vinyl cyclopentane-1-ketone.
Further, the preparation method of the environment-friendly cable comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Wrapping: twisting 10-30 tinned copper wires with the diameter of 0.06-0.1 mm to prepare a core material; wrapping the core material by using a wrapping machine to obtain an insulating wire core;
(2) Film deposition process: placing an insulated wire core 60 Under Co gamma ray source, under the oxygen concentration of 0.2-0.3 mg/L, irradiating for 1-4 min at the dosage of 100-150 kGy to obtain a modified insulated wire core; placing the modified insulating wire core on a rotating shaft at 30-50 rpm, taking polyaniline solution as external phase electrospinning liquid, taking deionized water as internal phase electrospinning liquid, carrying out electrostatic spinning until the thickness of a film layer is 50-100 mu m, and drying at 50-60 ℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain a polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable;
(3) Spraying: placing the polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable in a container, spraying corn stalk liquefied material with the mass of 0.1-0.3 times of that of the polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation for 1-3 h at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ under the pressure of 0.08-0.1 MPa to obtain a foam carbon precursor cable;
(4) And (3) deposition: placing a foam carbon precursor cable as a cathode in a plating bath, taking a pure copper plate as an anode, taking a copper sulfate solution as a plating solution, wherein the mass ratio of copper sulfate pentahydrate, sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 60 percent, potassium nitrate and a brightening agent in the copper sulfate solution is 13:5:3:1, connecting an ultrasonic device with the frequency of 30-45 kHz, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5-15 min, then placing in a low-temperature plasma treatment instrument with the frequency of 150-250W, vacuumizing to 30-35 Pa, and carrying out vacuum pumping under the nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 80-85 mu A/mm 2 Plating for 4-7 min to obtain a copper-plated fiber film cable;
(5) Foaming and carbonizing: placing the copper-plated fiber membrane cable in a high-pressure foaming kettle, introducing carbon dioxide to the air pressure of 10-16 MPa at 20-30 mL/h, heating to 50-80 ℃, foaming for 30-45 min, releasing pressure, spraying corn stalk liquefied material with the mass 0.1-0.3 times that of the copper-plated fiber membrane cable, continuously foaming for 1-4 h according to the conditions, quickly releasing pressure, heating to 300-400 ℃, and carbonizing for 1-3 h to obtain a shielding layer cable;
(6) Modification: extruding crosslinked polyethylene sheath layer onto shielding layer cable with extruder at 210 deg.C, 220 deg.C, 230 deg.C, 240 deg.C and 250 deg.C, and placing 60 Under Co gamma ray source, under the oxygen concentration of 0.2-0.3 mg/L, irradiating for 2-6 min at the dosage of 100-200 kGy to obtain the environment-friendly cable precursor;
(7) And (3) secondary modification: placing the environment-friendly cable precursor in a container, adding the hydroxylated carbon nano tube, the paratoluenesulfonic acid, the deionized water and the acetone according to the mass ratio of 1:0.005:0.5:30-1:0.01:1.1:40, wherein the mass ratio of the environment-friendly cable precursor to the hydroxylated carbon nano tube is 1:0.3-1:0.5, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 30-40 min at 25-30 kHz, stirring for 1-2 h at 60-70 ℃ under 50-100 rpm, carrying out nitrogen protection, stirring for 5-8 h at 100-200 rpm under the protection of nitrogen, flushing for 3-7 times by chloroform, adding the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5:20-1:1.5:30, wherein the mass ratio of the environment-friendly cable precursor to the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane is 1:0.3-1:6, heating to 40-50 ℃, stirring for 12-15 h at 50-100 rpm, filtering, washing for 4-8 times by using deionized water, adding 3-vinyl cyclopentane-1-ketone with the mass of 0.2-0.5 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% with the mass of 3-7 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor, stirring uniformly, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 35% with the mass fraction of 18-30 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor at 60-70 ℃, irradiating for 6-8 h by using a mercury lamp with the weight of 200-300W, adding deionized water with the mass of 40-50 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor, adding ammonia water to the pH of 8-9, filtering, and drying for 2-6 h at 60-80 ℃ to obtain the environment-friendly cable.
Further, the wrapping in step (1): the included angle of the wrapping is 15-30 degrees, the rotating speed is 100-150 r/min, the wrapping pitch is 0.6-1.0 m, the cross-linked polyethylene broadband is 40-45 mm, and the thickness is 0.1-0.15 mm.
Further, the polyaniline solution of step (2): polyaniline, acetone and N, N-dimethylacetamide are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:4:8-1:6:10, and stirred for 2-4 hours at 100-200 rpm, so as to obtain polyaniline solution.
Further, step (2) the electrospinning: the temperature is 25-30 ℃, the humidity is 11-14%, the voltage is 15-20 kV, the inner diameter of the spinneret is 0.4-0.5 mm, the outer diameter is 0.8-0.9 mm, the distance between the spinneret and the collecting plate is 30-35 cm, the flow rate of the inner phase is 0.05-0.1 mL/h, and the flow rate of the outer phase is 0.5-0.8 mL/h.
Further, the corn stalk liquefied product in the step (3) and the step (5) is as follows: mixing corn straw, phenol, concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% and phosphoric acid with the mass fraction of 85% according to the mass ratio of 1:3:0.08:0.15-1:5:0.1:0.22, heating to 124-136 ℃, cooling to room temperature after reaction for 1-3 hours, adding methanol with the mass of 5-9 times of the corn straw, stirring for 15-25 minutes at 100-200 rpm, filtering, adding sodium carbonate to the solution with the stirring of 50-100 rpm until the pH value is 6-7, filtering, then distilling for 1-3 hours at 50-55 ℃ under the pressure of 0.05-0.1 MPa, adding formaldehyde, sodium hydroxide and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:0.025:2.0-1:031:2.3, heating to 55-60 ℃ after stirring uniformly, and adding hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 10% until the pH value is 6-7 after heat preservation reaction for 2-4 hours, thus obtaining the liquefied corn straw.
Further, the hydroxylated carbon nanotubes of step (6): grinding the multi-wall carbon nano tube for 20-30 min, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% and the mass fraction of 25-35 times of that of the multi-wall carbon nano tube into the multi-wall carbon nano tube for 20-30 min, ultrasonically treating the multi-wall carbon nano tube for 2-4 h at 30-40 kHz, heating the multi-wall carbon nano tube to 120-140 ℃, stirring the multi-wall carbon nano tube at 50-100 rpm for 2-4 h, cooling the multi-wall carbon nano tube to room temperature, washing the solution with deionized water to pH of 6-7, filtering the solution, and drying the solution at 60-70 ℃ for 2-5 h to obtain the hydroxylated carbon nano tube.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the environment-friendly cable is prepared by sequentially arranging a wire core, an insulating layer, a shielding layer and a sheath layer from inside to outside through the steps of film deposition process, spraying, deposition, foaming carbonization, modification and the like so as to realize the effects of electromagnetic interference resistance and tearing resistance.
Firstly, the invention carries out a film deposition process on an insulating wire core, a porous polyaniline hollow fiber film is formed on the surface by utilizing electrostatic spinning, oxygen limiting irradiation is added in the spinning process to assist, and free radicals generated by cross-linked polyethylene through irradiation are cross-linked with polyaniline, so that a shielding layer can be tightly attached to the insulating layer, and the conductivity of a cable is improved; spraying corn stalk liquefied matter, and adsorbing and filling the liquefied matter into the fiber membrane with surface pores; then, carrying out a deposition process, and depositing metallic copper on the surface of the fiber by utilizing ultrasonic-low-temperature plasma auxiliary pulse electroplating to ensure that the surface of the cable does not have the function of electron transfer, thereby realizing the electromagnetic interference resistance effect of the cable; the ultrasonic acoustic cavitation produces microjet impact, so that the specific surface area of the hollow fiber membrane is increased, the wettability of the hollow fiber membrane to the electroplating solution is increased, a large number of polar groups are introduced in the plasma treatment, and the surface of the fiber membrane is etched to form pits, so that copper is electroplated at the pits; then foaming is carried out, so that corn stalk liquefied matters in the fiber membrane are continuously expanded along pores and are mutually wound with the fiber membrane holes, and in the foaming process, corn stalk liquefied matters are continuously sprayed, and then a foam carbon layer is formed through low-temperature carbonization, an insulating wire core is wrapped, a three-dimensional net structure is formed, internal electrons are conducted more efficiently, meanwhile, electroplated copper is continuously dispersed along the foam holes in the foam forming process and mutually lapped to form a dense conductive network, and the electromagnetic energy resistance of the cable is improved.
And then, the hydroxyl groups of the hydroxylated carbon nano tube react with the silica groups of the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane to provide a plurality of concentrated crosslinking point structures for the cable, and the crosslinked polyethylene, the hydroxylated carbon nano tube and the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane form a heterogeneous crosslinking network structure, stress is gathered at the concentrated crosslinking points in the tearing process and uniformly dispersed on surrounding molecules along the crosslinking network, so that the tear resistance of the cable is effectively improved, and then, the vinyl groups of the 3-vinyl cyclopentane-1-ketone and the vinyl groups of the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane form a ring and act together with the 3-vinyl cyclopentane-1-ketone to form a rigid and passivation structure for the cable, so that the modified crosslinking structure is blocked from expanding, and the tear resistance of the cable is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the method provided by the invention, the following examples are used for describing the detailed description, and the method for testing each index of the environment-friendly cable manufactured in the following examples is as follows:
electromagnetic interference resistance: and (3) performing an anti-electromagnetic interference effect test on the embodiment and the comparative example with the same mass and size, and measuring the volume resistivity of the environment-friendly cable by referring to GB/T12706.
Tear resistance: the tear resistance test was performed by taking the same mass and size of examples as those of comparative examples, and measuring the tear strength with reference to ASTM D624.
Example 1
The preparation method of the environment-friendly cable comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Wrapping: twisting 10 tinned copper wires with the diameter of 0.1mm to obtain a core material; wrapping the core material by using a wrapping machine to obtain an insulating wire core; the wrapping: the included angle of the wrapping is 15 degrees, the rotating speed is 100r/min, the wrapping pitch is 0.6m, the cross-linked polyethylene broadband is 40mm, and the thickness is 0.1mm;
(2) Film deposition process: placing an insulated wire core 60 Under Co gamma ray source, under the oxygen concentration of 0.2mg/L, irradiating for 4min at the dose of 100kGy to obtain a modified insulated wire core; mixing polyaniline, acetone and N, N-dimethylacetamide according to a mass ratio of 1:4:8, and stirring for 4 hours at 100rpm to obtain a polyaniline solution; placing the modified insulating wire core on a rotating shaft at 30rpm, taking polyaniline solution as external phase electrospinning liquid, taking deionized water as internal phase electrospinning liquid, carrying out electrostatic spinning until the thickness of a film layer is 50 mu m, and drying at 50 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain a polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable; the electrostatic spinning: the temperature is 25 ℃, the humidity is 11%, the voltage is 15kV, the inner diameter of the spinneret is 0.4mm, the outer diameter of the spinneret is 0.8mm, the distance between the spinneret and the collecting plate is 30cm, the flow rate of the inner phase is 0.05mL/h, and the flow rate of the outer phase is 0.5mL/h;
(3) Spraying: mixing corn straw, phenol, concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% and phosphoric acid with the mass fraction of 85% according to the mass ratio of 1:3:0.08:0.15, heating to 124 ℃, cooling to room temperature after reacting for 3 hours, adding methanol with the mass fraction of 5 times of the corn straw, stirring for 25 minutes at 100rpm, filtering, adding sodium carbonate to the solution with stirring at 50rpm till the pH value is 6, filtering, then distilling at 50 ℃ and 0.05MPa for 1 hour, adding formaldehyde, sodium hydroxide and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:1.3 and the mass ratio of 1:0.025:2.0, heating to 55 ℃ after uniformly stirring, preserving heat for 4 hours, and adding hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 10% till the pH value is 6 to obtain a corn straw liquefied product; placing the polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable in a container, spraying corn stalk liquefied material with the mass of 0.1 times of that of the polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation for 1h at 0.08 and 60 ℃ to obtain a foam carbon precursor cable;
(4) And (3) deposition: placing a foam carbon precursor cable as a cathode in a plating bath, taking a pure copper plate as an anode, taking a copper sulfate solution as a plating solution, wherein the mass ratio of copper sulfate pentahydrate, sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 60% to potassium nitrate and a brightening agent in the copper sulfate solution is 13:5:3:1, connecting a 30kHz ultrasonic device, performing ultrasonic treatment for 15min, placing in a 150W low-temperature plasma treatment instrument, vacuumizing to 30Pa, and performing vacuum pumping under a nitrogen atmosphere at 80 mu A/mm 2 Plating for 7min to obtain a copper-plated fiber film cable;
(5) Foaming and carbonizing: placing the copper-plated fiber membrane cable in a high-pressure foaming kettle, introducing carbon dioxide to the air pressure of 10MPa at 20mL/h, heating to 50 ℃, foaming for 45min, releasing pressure, spraying corn stalk liquefied material with the mass 0.1 times that of the copper-plated fiber membrane cable, continuously foaming for 4h according to the conditions, quickly releasing pressure, heating to 300 ℃, and carbonizing for 3h to obtain a shielding layer cable;
(6) Modification: extruding crosslinked polyethylene sheath layer onto shielding layer cable with extruder at 210 deg.C, 220 deg.C, 230 deg.C, 240 deg.C and 250 deg.C, and placing 60 Under the Co gamma ray source, under the oxygen concentration of 0.2mg/L, irradiating for 6min at the dose of 100kGy to obtain an environment-friendly cable precursor;
(7) And (3) secondary modification: grinding the multi-wall carbon nano tube for 20min, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% and nitric acid with the mass fraction of 69% which are 100 times of the mass of the multi-wall carbon nano tube, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 4h at 30kHz, heating to 120 ℃, stirring at 50rpm for reacting for 4h, cooling to room temperature, washing the solution with deionized water to pH of 6, filtering, and drying at 60 ℃ for 5h to obtain the hydroxylated carbon nano tube; placing the environment-friendly cable precursor in a container, adding hydroxylated carbon nano tube, p-toluenesulfonic acid, deionized water and acetone according to the mass ratio of 1:0.005:0.5:30, performing ultrasonic dispersion at 25kHz for 40min, stirring at 60 ℃ and 50rpm for 2h, stirring at 100rpm under the protection of nitrogen for 8h, flushing with chloroform for 3 times, adding 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5:20, wherein the mass ratio of the environment-friendly cable precursor to the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane is 1:0.3, heating to 40 ℃, stirring for 15 hours at 50rpm, filtering, washing for 4 times by using deionized water, adding 3-vinylcyclopentane-1-ketone with the mass of 0.2 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor and sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% with the mass of 3 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor, uniformly stirring, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 35% with the mass fraction of 18 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor at 60 ℃, irradiating for 6 hours by using a 200W mercury lamp, adding deionized water with the mass of 40 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor, adding ammonia water until the pH value of the solution is 8, filtering, and drying for 6 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain the environment-friendly cable.
Example 2
The preparation method of the environment-friendly cable comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Wrapping: twisting 30 tinned copper wires with the diameter of 0.06mm to prepare a core material; wrapping the core material by using a wrapping machine to obtain an insulating wire core; the wrapping: the included angle of wrapping is 30 degrees, the rotating speed is 150r/min, the wrapping pitch is 1.0m, the cross-linked polyethylene broadband is 45mm, and the thickness is 0.15mm;
(2) Film deposition process: placing an insulated wire core 60 Under Co gamma ray source, under the oxygen concentration of 0.3mg/L, irradiating for 1min at the dosage of 150kGy to obtain a modified insulated wire core; mixing polyaniline, acetone and N, N-dimethylacetamide according to a mass ratio of 1:6:10, and stirring for 2 hours at 200rpm to obtain a polyaniline solution; placing the modified insulating wire core on a rotating shaft at 50rpm, taking polyaniline solution as external phase electrospinning liquid, taking deionized water as internal phase electrospinning liquid, carrying out electrostatic spinning until the thickness of a film layer is 100 mu m, and drying at 60 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain a polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable; the electrostatic spinning: the temperature is 30 ℃, the humidity is 14%, the voltage is 20kV, the inner diameter of the spinneret is 0.5mm, the outer diameter of the spinneret is 0.9mm, the distance between the spinneret and the collecting plate is 35cm, the flow rate of the inner phase is 0.1mL/h, and the flow rate of the outer phase is 0.8mL/h;
(3) Spraying: mixing corn straw, phenol, concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% and phosphoric acid with the mass fraction of 85% according to the mass ratio of 1:5:0.1:0.22, heating to 136 ℃, reacting for 1h, cooling to room temperature, adding methanol with the mass of 9 times of the corn straw, stirring for 15min at 200rpm, filtering, adding sodium carbonate with stirring at 100rpm until the pH value of the solution is 7, filtering, then distilling for 3h at 55 ℃ and 0.1MPa, adding formaldehyde, sodium hydroxide and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:0.031:2.30, heating to 60 ℃ after uniformly stirring, preserving heat, reacting for 2h, and adding hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 10% until the pH value of the solution is 7 to obtain a corn straw liquefied product; placing the polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable in a container, spraying corn stalk liquefied material with the mass 0.3 times of that of the polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation for 3 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃ under the pressure of 0.1MPa to obtain a foam carbon precursor cable;
(4) And (3) deposition: placing a foam carbon precursor cable as a cathode in a plating bath, taking a pure copper plate as an anode, taking a copper sulfate solution as a plating solution, wherein the mass ratio of copper sulfate pentahydrate, sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 60% to potassium nitrate and a brightening agent in the copper sulfate solution is 13:5:3:1, connecting a 45kHz ultrasonic device, performing ultrasonic treatment for 5min, placing in a 250W low-temperature plasma treatment instrument, vacuumizing to 35Pa, and performing vacuum pumping under a nitrogen atmosphere at 85 mu A/mm 2 Plating for 4min to obtain a copper-plated fiber film cable;
(5) Foaming and carbonizing: placing the copper-plated fiber membrane cable in a high-pressure foaming kettle, introducing carbon dioxide to the air pressure of 16MPa at 30mL/h, heating to 80 ℃, foaming for 30min, releasing pressure, spraying corn stalk liquefied material with the mass 0.3 times that of the copper-plated fiber membrane cable, continuously foaming for 4h according to the conditions, quickly releasing pressure, heating to 400 ℃, and carbonizing for 1h to obtain a shielding layer cable;
(6) Modification: extruding crosslinked polyethylene sheath layer onto shielding layer cable with extruder at 210 deg.C, 220 deg.C, 230 deg.C, 240 deg.C and 250 deg.C, and placing 60 Under the Co gamma ray source, under the oxygen concentration of 0.3mg/L, irradiating for 2min at the dosage of 200kGy to obtain an environment-friendly cable precursor;
(7) And (3) secondary modification: grinding the multi-wall carbon nano tube for 30min, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% and nitric acid with the mass fraction of 69% which are 130 times of the mass fraction of the multi-wall carbon nano tube, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2h at 40kHz, heating to 140 ℃, stirring at 100rpm for reacting for 2h, cooling to room temperature, washing the solution with deionized water to pH 7, filtering, and drying at 70 ℃ for 2h to obtain the hydroxylated carbon nano tube; placing the environment-friendly cable precursor in a container, adding hydroxylated carbon nano tube, p-toluenesulfonic acid, deionized water and acetone according to the mass ratio of 1:0.01:1.1:40, performing ultrasonic dispersion at 30kHz for 30min, stirring at 100rpm for 1h at 70 ℃, then stirring at 200rpm under the protection of nitrogen for 5h, flushing with chloroform for 7 times, adding 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5:30, and performing ultrasonic dispersion at 30kHz, wherein the mass ratio of the environment-friendly cable precursor to the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane is 1:0.6, heating to 50 ℃, stirring at 100rpm for 12h, filtering, washing with deionized water for 8 times, adding 3-vinylcyclopentane-1-one with the mass of 0.5 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor and sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% with the mass of 7 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor, uniformly stirring, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 35% with the mass fraction of 30 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor at 70 ℃, irradiating with a 300W mercury lamp for 8h, adding deionized water with the mass of 50 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor, adding ammonia water until the pH of the solution is 9, filtering, and drying at 80 ℃ for 2h to obtain the environment-friendly cable.
Example 3
The preparation method of the environment-friendly cable comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Wrapping: twisting 14 tinned copper wires with the diameter of 0.08mm to obtain a core material; wrapping the core material by using a wrapping machine to obtain an insulating wire core; the wrapping: the included angle of the wrapping is 20 degrees, the rotating speed is 130r/min, the wrapping pitch is 0.8m, the cross-linked polyethylene broadband is 42mm, and the thickness is 0.13mm;
(2) Film deposition process: placing an insulated wire core 60 Under Co gamma ray source, under the oxygen concentration of 0.25mg/L, irradiating for 3min at the dosage of 120kGy to obtain a modified insulated wire core; mixing polyaniline, acetone and N, N-dimethylacetamide according to a mass ratio of 1:5:9, and stirring for 3 hours at 150rpm to obtain a polyaniline solution; placing the modified insulated wire core on a rotating shaft at 40rpm, taking polyaniline solution as external phase electrospinning solution, andthe deionized water is internal phase electrospinning liquid, the thickness of a membrane layer is 70 mu m, and the polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable is obtained by drying at 56 ℃ for 3 hours; the electrostatic spinning: the temperature is 28 ℃, the humidity is 13%, the voltage is 17kV, the inner diameter of the spinneret is 0.48mm, the outer diameter of the spinneret is 0.82mm, the distance between the spinneret and the collecting plate is 33cm, the flow rate of the inner phase is 0.07mL/h, and the flow rate of the outer phase is 0.6mL/h;
(3) Spraying: mixing corn straw, phenol, concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% and phosphoric acid with the mass fraction of 85% according to the mass ratio of 1:4:0.09:0.19, heating to 130 ℃, reacting for 2 hours, cooling to room temperature, adding methanol with the mass of 8 times of the corn straw, stirring for 20 minutes at 150rpm, filtering, adding sodium carbonate with stirring at 70rpm until the pH value of the solution is 6.5, filtering, then distilling for 2 hours at 53 ℃ and 0.08MPa, adding formaldehyde, sodium hydroxide and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:1.6 of the formaldehyde and the corn straw, heating to 58 ℃ after stirring uniformly, preserving heat, reacting for 3 hours, and adding hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 10% until the pH value of the solution is 6.5 to obtain corn straw liquefied product; placing the polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable in a container, spraying corn stalk liquefied material with the mass 0.2 times of that of the polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation for 2 hours at the temperature of 66 ℃ under the pressure of 0.09MPa to obtain a foam carbon precursor cable;
(4) And (3) deposition: placing a foam carbon precursor cable as a cathode in a plating bath, taking a pure copper plate as an anode, taking a copper sulfate solution as a plating solution, wherein the mass ratio of copper sulfate pentahydrate, sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 60% to potassium nitrate and a brightening agent in the copper sulfate solution is 13:5:3:1, connecting a 40kHz ultrasonic device, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min, placing in a 200W low-temperature plasma treatment instrument, vacuumizing to 32Pa, and performing vacuum pumping under a nitrogen atmosphere at 83 mu A/mm 2 Plating for 5min to obtain a copper-plated fiber film cable;
(5) Foaming and carbonizing: placing the copper-plated fiber membrane cable in a high-pressure foaming kettle, introducing carbon dioxide to the air pressure of 14MPa at the rate of 25mL/h, heating to 57 ℃, foaming for 39min, releasing pressure, spraying corn stalk liquefied material with the mass 0.2 times that of the copper-plated fiber membrane cable, continuously foaming for 2.5h according to the conditions, quickly releasing pressure, heating to 340 ℃, and carbonizing for 2h to obtain a shielding layer cable;
(6) Modification: extruding crosslinked polyethylene sheath layer onto shielding layer cable with extruder at 210 deg.C, 220 deg.C, 230 deg.C, 240 deg.C and 250 deg.C, and placing 60 Under the Co gamma ray source, under the oxygen concentration of 0.25mg/L, irradiating for 4min at the dosage of 160kGy to obtain an environment-friendly cable precursor;
(7) And (3) secondary modification: grinding the multi-wall carbon nano tube for 26min, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% and nitric acid with the mass fraction of 69% which are 120 times and 30 times of the mass of the multi-wall carbon nano tube, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 3h at 35kHz, heating to 133 ℃, stirring at 70rpm for reaction for 3h, cooling to room temperature, washing the solution with deionized water to pH of 6.5, filtering, and drying at 68 ℃ for 3h to obtain the hydroxylated carbon nano tube; placing the environment-friendly cable precursor in a container, adding the hydroxylated carbon nano tube, the p-toluenesulfonic acid, the deionized water and the acetone according to the mass ratio of 1:0.009:0.9:35, stirring for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 66 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen after ultrasonic dispersion for 36min at 28kHz, stirring for 7 hours at the temperature of 70rpm, flushing for 6 hours with chloroform after stirring for 1.5 hours under the protection of nitrogen, adding the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane and the absolute ethyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5:27, adding the environment-friendly cable precursor and the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5, heating to 45 ℃, stirring for 13 hours at the temperature of 70rpm, filtering, washing for 6 times with deionized water, adding the 3-vinyl cyclopentane-1-ketone with the mass of 0.3 times of the environment-friendly cable precursor, adding the sulfuric acid with the mass of 5 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor, adding the environment-friendly cable precursor after stirring for even, adding the environment-friendly cable with the mass of 21 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable W for 7 hours at the temperature of 65 ℃ and adding the environment-friendly cable to the environment-friendly cable is 7 times of the pH of the environment-friendly lamp for 7 hours, and adding the environment-friendly cable is dried for 7 hours after the cooling for 7 hours with the water, and adding the environment-friendly cable is added to the environment-friendly solution after the environment-friendly cable is dried for 7, and the drying for 7 hours after the cooling is added to the water is added to the pH is added for 7 hours after the drying for 7 hours.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 3 only in the absence of step (2), the remaining preparation steps being identical to example 3.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 3 only in the difference of step (4), the step (4) was changed to: placing a foam carbon precursor cable as a cathode in a plating bathTaking a pure copper plate as an anode, taking a copper sulfate solution as an electroplating solution, placing a copper sulfate pentahydrate in the copper sulfate solution, and sulfuric acid, potassium nitrate and a brightening agent with the mass ratio of 13:5:3:1 in a 200W low-temperature plasma treatment instrument, vacuumizing to 32Pa, and under the nitrogen atmosphere, carrying out vacuum treatment on the copper sulfate pentahydrate, the sulfuric acid and the brightening agent with the mass ratio of 83 mu A/mm 2 Plating for 5min to obtain the copper-plated fiber film cable. The remaining preparation steps were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 3 only in the difference of step (4), the step (4) was changed to: placing a foam carbon precursor cable serving as a cathode in a plating bath, taking a pure copper plate as an anode, taking a copper sulfate solution as a plating solution, wherein the mass ratio of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 60% sulfuric acid, potassium nitrate and a brightening agent in the copper sulfate solution is 13:5:3:1, connecting a 40kHz ultrasonic device, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min, and then performing ultrasonic treatment on the mixture at 83 mu A/mm 2 Plating for 5min to obtain the copper-plated fiber film cable. The remaining preparation steps were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 differs from example 3 only in the absence of step (5), the remaining preparation steps being identical to example 3.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 differs from example 3 only in the difference of step (7), the step (7) was changed to: placing the environment-friendly cable precursor in a container, adding 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5:27, heating to 45 ℃ and stirring for 13h at 70rpm, filtering, washing 6 times by deionized water, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% which is 0.3 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor and 5 times of the mass fraction of the environment-friendly cable precursor, uniformly stirring, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 35% which is 21 times of the mass fraction of the environment-friendly cable precursor at 65 ℃, irradiating for 7h by a 250W mercury lamp, adding deionized water with the mass of 42 times of the environment-friendly cable precursor, adding ammonia water to the solution pH of 8.5, filtering, and drying for 4h at 70 ℃ to obtain the environment-friendly cable. The remaining preparation steps were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 6
Comparative example 6 differs from example 3 only in the difference of step (7), the step (7) was changed to: grinding the multi-wall carbon nano tube for 26min, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% and nitric acid with the mass fraction of 69% which are 120 times and 30 times of the mass of the multi-wall carbon nano tube, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 3h at 35kHz, heating to 133 ℃, stirring at 70rpm for reaction for 3h, cooling to room temperature, washing the solution with deionized water to pH of 6.5, filtering, and drying at 68 ℃ for 3h to obtain the hydroxylated carbon nano tube; placing the environment-friendly cable precursor in a container, adding hydroxylated carbon nano tube, p-toluenesulfonic acid, deionized water and acetone according to the mass ratio of 1:0.009:0.9:35, performing ultrasonic dispersion at 28kHz for 36min, stirring at 66 ℃ and 70rpm for 1.5h, stirring at 150rpm under the protection of nitrogen for 7h, flushing with chloroform for 6 times, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% which is 0.3 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor and 5 times of the mass fraction of the environment-friendly cable precursor, uniformly stirring, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 35% which is 21 times of the mass fraction of the environment-friendly cable precursor at 65 ℃, adding deionized water with the mass fraction of 42 times of the environment-friendly cable precursor after irradiation for 7h by a 250W mercury lamp, adding ammonia water until the pH of the solution is 8.5, filtering, and drying at 70 ℃ for 4h to obtain the environment-friendly cable.
Comparative example 7
Comparative example 7 differs from example 3 only in the difference of step (7), the step (7) was changed to: grinding the multi-wall carbon nano tube for 26min, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% and nitric acid with the mass fraction of 69% which are 120 times and 30 times of the mass of the multi-wall carbon nano tube, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 3h at 35kHz, heating to 133 ℃, stirring at 70rpm for reaction for 3h, cooling to room temperature, washing the solution with deionized water to pH of 6.5, filtering, and drying at 68 ℃ for 3h to obtain the hydroxylated carbon nano tube; placing the environment-friendly cable precursor in a container, adding the hydroxylated carbon nano tube, the p-toluenesulfonic acid, the deionized water and the acetone according to the mass ratio of 1:0.009:0.9:35, stirring for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 66 ℃ under the condition of stirring for 7 hours at the speed of 70rpm at 28kHz ultrasonic dispersion for 36 minutes, flushing for 6 hours at the speed of 150rpm under the protection of nitrogen, adding the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane and the absolute ethyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5:27, heating to 45 ℃ and stirring for 13 hours at the speed of 70rpm, filtering, washing for 6 times with the deionized water, and drying for 4 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain the environment-friendly cable.
Effect example
The following table 1 gives the results of performance analysis of the environmental protection cables employing examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 7.
TABLE 1
According to comparison of volume resistivity experimental data of the embodiment and the comparative example, in the process of preparing an environment-friendly cable, a polyaniline hollow fiber membrane is deposited on the surface of an insulating wire core, and oxygen-limited irradiation crosslinking is utilized to enable a shielding layer to be tightly crosslinked on the wire core, so that subsequent treatment is facilitated, then a copper metal layer is deposited on the surface of the fiber membrane by utilizing an ultrasonic-low-temperature plasma auxiliary pulse electroplating, so that the surface of the cable is not provided with an electron transfer function, the electromagnetic interference resistance effect of the cable is realized, then corn straw liquefied matters filled in the polyaniline hollow fiber membrane are continuously expanded along pores by utilizing foaming carbonization treatment, and corn straw liquefied matters are continuously sprayed, so that the insulating wire core is effectively wrapped to form a foam carbon layer, internal electrons are conducted more efficiently, and meanwhile, electrons are continuously reflected, electromagnetic energy is reduced, the electromagnetic interference resistance of the cable is improved, meanwhile, the copper metal layer is continuously dispersed along foam pores, and is mutually lapped into a dense conductive network, and the electromagnetic interference resistance of the cable is improved; as can be seen from comparison of the experimental data of tear strength of the examples and the comparative examples, the hydroxylated carbon nanotubes and the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyldisiloxane are utilized to modify the crosslinked polyethylene, a plurality of concentrated crosslinking point structures are provided for the surface of the cable, and the crosslinked polyethylene, the hydroxylated carbon nanotubes and the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyldisiloxane form a non-uniform crosslinked network structure, so that stress is concentrated at the concentrated crosslinking points during the tearing process and uniformly dispersed on surrounding molecules along the crosslinked network, thereby effectively improving the tear resistance of the cable, and meanwhile, the formed crosslinked network structure can obstruct the movement of molecular chains, thereby further improving the tear resistance of the cable.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (5)
1. The preparation method of the environment-friendly cable is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
(1) Wrapping: twisting 10-30 tinned copper wires with diameters of 0.06-0.1 mm to obtain a core material; wrapping the core material by using a wrapping machine to obtain an insulating wire core;
(2) Film deposition process: placing an insulated wire core 60 Irradiating for 1-4 min at a dose of 100-150 kGy under the oxygen concentration of 0.2-0.3 mg/L in a Co gamma ray source to obtain a modified insulating wire core; placing the modified insulating wire core on a rotating shaft at 30-50 rpm, taking polyaniline solution as external phase electrospinning liquid, taking deionized water as internal phase electrospinning liquid, carrying out electrostatic spinning until the thickness of a film layer is 50-100 mu m, and drying at 50-60 ℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain a polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable;
(3) Spraying: mixing corn straw, phenol, 98% of concentrated sulfuric acid and 85% of phosphoric acid according to a mass ratio of 1:3:0.08:0.15-1:5:0.1:0.22, heating to 124-136 ℃, cooling to room temperature after reaction for 1-3 hours, adding 5-9 times of methanol according to the mass of the corn straw, stirring for 15-25 minutes at 100-200 rpm, filtering, adding sodium carbonate to a solution with pH of 6-7 under 50-100 rpm, filtering, then distilling for 1-3 hours at 50-55 ℃ under 0.05-0.1 MPa, adding formaldehyde, sodium hydroxide and distilled water according to a mass ratio of 1:0.025:2.0-1:0.031:2.3, heating to 55-60 ℃ after stirring uniformly, and adding 10% of hydrochloric acid to a solution with pH of 6-7 after heat preservation reaction for 2-4 hours to obtain corn liquefied straw; placing the polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable in a container, spraying corn stalk liquefied material with the mass of 0.1-0.3 times of that of the polyaniline hollow fiber membrane cable, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation for 1-3 hours at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ under the pressure of 0.08-0.1 MPa to obtain a foam carbon precursor cable;
(4) And (3) deposition: placing a foam carbon precursor cable as a cathode in a plating bath, taking a pure copper plate as an anode, taking a copper sulfate solution as a plating solution, wherein the mass ratio of copper sulfate pentahydrate, sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 60% to potassium nitrate and a brightening agent in the copper sulfate solution is 13:5:3:1, connecting an ultrasonic device with the frequency of 30-45 kHz, performing ultrasonic treatment for 5-15 min, then placing in a low-temperature plasma treatment instrument with the frequency of 150-250W, vacuumizing to 30-35 Pa, and performing vacuum pumping under the nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 80-85 mu A/mm 2 Plating for 4-7 min to obtain a copper-plated fiber film cable;
(5) Foaming and carbonizing: placing the copper-plated fiber film cable in a high-pressure foaming kettle, introducing carbon dioxide to the air pressure of 10-16 MPa at 20-30 mL/h, heating to 50-80 ℃, foaming for 30-45 min, releasing pressure, spraying corn stalk liquefied material with the mass 0.1-0.3 times that of the copper-plated fiber film cable, continuously foaming for 1-4 h according to the conditions, quickly releasing pressure, heating to 300-400 ℃, and carbonizing for 1-3 h to obtain a shielding layer cable;
(6) Modification: extruding crosslinked polyethylene sheath layer onto shielding layer cable with extruder at 210 deg.C, 220 deg.C, 230 deg.C, 240 deg.C and 250 deg.C, and placing 60 Irradiating for 2-6 min at a dose of 100-200 kGy under the condition of oxygen concentration of 0.2-0.3 mg/L under a Co gamma ray source to obtain an environment-friendly cable precursor;
(7) And (3) secondary modification: placing the environment-friendly cable precursor in a container, adding the hydroxylated carbon nano tube, the paratoluenesulfonic acid, the deionized water and the acetone according to the mass ratio of 1:0.005:0.5:30-1:0.01:1.1:40, wherein the mass ratio of the environment-friendly cable precursor to the hydroxylated carbon nano tube is 1:0.3-1:0.5, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30-40 min at 25-30 kHz, stirring for 1-2 h at 50-100 rpm at 60-70 ℃, performing nitrogen protection, performing stirring for 5-8 h at 100-200 rpm under the condition of the nitrogen protection, washing for 3-7 times by chloroform, adding the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane and the absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the mass ratio of the environment-friendly cable precursor to the 1, 2-divinyl-1, 2-tetramethyl disiloxane is 1:0.3-1:0.6, heating to 40-50 ℃, stirring for 12-15 h at 50-100 rpm, filtering, washing for 4-8 times by using deionized water, adding 3-vinyl cyclopentane-1-ketone with the mass of 0.2-0.5 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% with the mass of 3-7 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor, uniformly stirring, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 35% with the mass fraction of 18-30 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor at 60-70 ℃, irradiating for 6-8 h by using a mercury lamp with 200-300W, adding deionized water with the mass of 40-50 times of the mass of the environment-friendly cable precursor, adding ammonia water to the pH of the solution for 8-9, filtering, and drying for 2-6 h at 60-80 ℃ to obtain the environment-friendly cable.
2. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly cable according to claim 1, wherein the wrapping in step (1) comprises: the wrapping included angle is 15-30 degrees, the rotating speed is 100-150 r/min, the wrapping pitch is 0.6-1.0 m, the cross-linked polyethylene broadband is 40-45 mm, and the thickness is 0.1-0.15 mm.
3. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly cable of claim 1 wherein the polyaniline solution in step (2): polyaniline, acetone and N, N-dimethylacetamide are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:4:8-1:6:10, and stirring is carried out for 2-4 hours at 100-200 rpm, so that polyaniline solution is obtained.
4. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly cable according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) comprises electrospinning: the temperature is 25-30 ℃, the humidity is 11-14%, the voltage is 15-20 kV, the inner diameter of the spinneret is 0.4-0.5 mm, the outer diameter of the spinneret is 0.8-0.9 mm, the distance between the spinneret and the collecting plate is 30-35 cm, the flow rate of the inner phase is 0.05-0.1 mL/h, and the flow rate of the outer phase is 0.5-0.8 mL/h.
5. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly cable of claim 1 wherein step (7) is performed by hydroxylating carbon nanotubes: grinding the multi-wall carbon nano tube for 20-30 min, adding sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98% and the mass fraction of 25-35 times of that of the multi-wall carbon nano tube into the multi-wall carbon nano tube for 100-30 min, ultrasonically treating the multi-wall carbon nano tube for 2-4 h at 30-40 kHz, heating the multi-wall carbon nano tube to 120-140 ℃, stirring the multi-wall carbon nano tube at 50-100 rpm for 2-4 h, cooling the multi-wall carbon nano tube to room temperature, washing the solution with deionized water to pH of 6-7, filtering the solution, and drying the solution at 60-70 ℃ for 2-5 h to obtain the hydroxylated carbon nano tube.
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| CN205789260U (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-12-07 | 大唐长山热电厂 | insulating environment-friendly cable |
| JP2021012772A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-02-04 | 矢崎エナジーシステム株式会社 | Wire or cable |
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| JP2021012772A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-02-04 | 矢崎エナジーシステム株式会社 | Wire or cable |
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Effective date of registration: 20231129 Address after: 650101 2nd Street base of Jinning Industrial Park, Kunming City, Yunnan Province Applicant after: KUNMING OUJIE CABLE MANUFACTURING CO.,LTD. Address before: 218 Jinpu East Road, Yunlong District, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221000 Applicant before: Ding Xiaoxue |
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