CN114213698A - Electromagnetic shielding composite foam with oriented filler structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Electromagnetic shielding composite foam with oriented filler structure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114213698A CN114213698A CN202111678195.1A CN202111678195A CN114213698A CN 114213698 A CN114213698 A CN 114213698A CN 202111678195 A CN202111678195 A CN 202111678195A CN 114213698 A CN114213698 A CN 114213698A
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- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- composite material
- polymer
- magnetic conductive
- magnetic
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic shielding composite foam with an oriented filler structure and a preparation method thereof, wherein the electromagnetic shielding composite foam comprises the following steps: s1: attaching magnetic particles to the surface of the filler particles with the length-diameter ratio to obtain magnetic conductive particles; s2: blending the magnetic conductive particles and a polymer to prepare a magnetic conductive particle-polymer composite material; s3: placing the composite material obtained in the S2 in a magnetic field, and orienting the magnetic particles with the length-diameter ratio along the direction of the magnetic field at the temperature of 0-300 ℃; s4: and (3) placing the composite material obtained in the step (S3) in a foaming gas environment, saturating the composite material at the temperature of 30-300 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.2-50 MPa for 1 min-24 h, then relieving the pressure to normal pressure at the speed of 0.1-30 MPa/S, and cooling the pressure to room temperature to obtain the composite material. The composite foam prepared by the invention has good electromagnetic shielding performance, the density of the material is reduced by introducing the foam holes, the preparation method is simple, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic shielding composite materials, and particularly relates to electromagnetic shielding composite foam with an oriented filler structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous progress of society, a large number of electronic products are rushed into the daily life and work of people. The use of electronic components provides a lot of convenience for people on one hand, and causes pollution caused by excessive electromagnetic radiation on the other hand, so that a series of social and environmental problems are caused, and various electromagnetic shielding protective materials are developed for preventing various problems caused by the excessive electromagnetic radiation. At present, metal materials are the most widely used electromagnetic shielding materials, and the traditional metal-based electromagnetic shielding materials have very excellent electric conduction and electromagnetic shielding properties. However, the metal material has the defects of high density, easy corrosion, poor processability and the like in the practical application process, and compared with the traditional metal-based electromagnetic shielding material, the polymer-based electromagnetic shielding composite material has the advantages of light weight, easy processing, corrosion resistance, adjustable conductivity and the like, and has wide application prospect.
In order to provide a good shielding effect for the material, a large amount of conductive filler is generally required to be added into the polymer matrix, so as to increase the electrical conductivity of the material and increase the shielding effectiveness of the material. The preparation cost of the material is greatly increased, the density of the material is greatly improved, and the application of the material in related fields of electronic appliances, communication equipment, aerospace and the like is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides an electromagnetic shielding composite foam with an oriented filler structure and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of large addition amount of conductive filler, high preparation cost, large density, limited application and the like of the conventional electromagnetic shielding material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the preparation method of the electromagnetic shielding composite foam with the oriented filler structure comprises the following steps:
s1: attaching magnetic particles to the surface of the filler particles with the length-diameter ratio to obtain magnetic conductive particles;
s2: blending the magnetic conductive particles and a polymer to prepare a magnetic conductive particle-polymer composite material;
s3: placing the composite material obtained in the S2 in a magnetic field, and orienting the magnetic particles with the length-diameter ratio along the direction of the magnetic field at the temperature of 0-300 ℃;
s4: and (3) placing the composite material obtained in the step (S3) in a foaming gas environment, saturating the composite material at the temperature of 30-300 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.2-50 MPa for 1 min-24 h, then relieving the pressure to normal pressure at the speed of 0.1-30 MPa/S, and cooling the pressure to room temperature to obtain the composite material.
The electromagnetic shielding composite foam with the oriented filler structure is prepared by combining the action of a magnetic field and a high-pressure gas foaming technology, and the method effectively realizes high performance and light weight of the electromagnetic shielding composite material. The filler is oriented and orderly distributed in the polymer matrix through an external magnetic field, so that the lapping efficiency among filler particles can be effectively increased, and the electric conduction and electromagnetic shielding performance of the material are improved. According to the invention, a porous structure is introduced into the polymer composite material by using a high-pressure gas foaming method with simple and efficient process, so that the preparation cost of the material can be effectively reduced, the lightweight design of the composite material is realized, and the high-performance electromagnetic shielding composite foam is obtained.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the magnetic conductive particles are prepared by the following steps:
SS 1: surface treating filler particles having an aspect ratio;
SS 2: adding the treated filler particles into chemical iron plating solution, chemical cobalt plating solution, chemical nickel plating solution, chemical ferric oxide plating solution, chemical cobalt plating solution, chemical nickel plating solution or chemical nickel cobalt plating solution according to the material-to-solution ratio of 1g: 5-200 mL, then adding a reducing agent, stirring and reacting for 1 min-24 h, and finally washing and drying to obtain the magnetic conductive particles.
Further, the filler particles are polymer fibers, inorganic nonmetal fibers or metal fibers.
Further, the polymer fiber is at least one of polypropylene fiber, aramid fiber, polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polypropylene fiber, vinylon fiber, acrylic fiber, polyvinyl chloride fiber and viscose; the inorganic nonmetal fibers are at least one of carbon fibers, basalt fibers, glass fibers, ceramic fibers, silicon carbide fibers and boron fibers; the metal fiber is at least one of stainless steel fiber, copper fiber, nickel fiber and iron-chromium-aluminum fiber.
Further, the magnetic conductive particle-polymer composite material is prepared by the following steps: and (2) blending the polymer and the magnetic conductive particles according to the mass ratio of 1-100: 1 at 30-300 ℃ for 1 min-12 h under the condition of 5-500 r/min.
Further, the magnetic conductive particle-polymer composite material is prepared by the following steps: dissolving a polymer in a solvent, adding magnetic conductive particles with the mass being 1/100-1 time that of the polymer into the solvent, uniformly dispersing the magnetic conductive particles, and volatilizing the solvent to obtain the conductive material.
Further, the solvent is ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, diethyl ether, acetone, hexane, cyclohexane, pentane, heptane, octane, aniline, butanone, chloroform, dimethylamine, carbon tetrachloride, N-heptanol, tetrahydrofuran, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, butyl acetate, chloroform, formic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, trichloroethylene, or N-methylpyrrolidone.
Further, the polymer is polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyamide, vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, polyvinyl alcohol, epoxy resin, urea resin, furan resin, melamine formaldehyde resin, silicone resin, polyarylate, acrylate, phenol resin, polyether ether ketone, polysulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, styrene-butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, fluorine rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic polystyrene elastomer, thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer, thermoplastic copolyester elastomer, thermoplastic polyamide elastomer, or thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.
Further, the foaming gas is air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium, argon, petroleum ether, methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, dichloromethane, or trichlorofluoromethane.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention obtains the magnetic conductive filler by a chemical loading method, compounds the magnetic filler and the polymer and places the compound in a magnetic field, so that the filler is oriented and arranged along the direction of the magnetic field, thereby effectively enhancing the lap joint passage of filler particles and improving the conductivity and the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the composite material.
2. The electromagnetic shielding composite foam with the oriented filler structure prepared by the invention has good electromagnetic shielding performance, the density of the material is further reduced by introducing the foam holes, the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the prepared composite foam can exceed 30dB, and the density of the material can be as low as 0.5g/cm3The use requirement of electromagnetic shielding materials for commercial application is met, and the application of the materials in related fields is widened.
3. The high-pressure gas foaming method used by the invention has the advantages of simple operation and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a metallic nickel-loaded carbon fiber prepared in example 2;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of a cross section of the electro-magnetic shielding composite foam with an oriented filler structure prepared in example 2;
fig. 3 shows the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the electromagnetic shielding composite foam with the oriented filler structure prepared in example 2.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of electromagnetic shielding composite foam with an oriented filler structure comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of magnetic conductive particles
Adding 1g of aramid fiber into 50mL of dilute sulfuric acid, mechanically stirring for 1h, repeatedly washing with distilled water, filtering to be neutral, adding the aramid fiber into a stannous chloride aqueous solution, mechanically stirring, adding the sensitized aramid fiber into 100mL of chemical iron plating solution (10 g/L of ferric sulfate and 5g/L of gentiobiose), slowly adding a sodium citrate aqueous solution, reacting for 10h under magnetic stirring, and washing, filtering and drying to obtain the metal iron-loaded aramid fiber magnetic conductive particles.
(2) Preparation of metal iron loaded aramid fiber-polyethylene composite material
Placing 8g of polyethylene and 1g of metal iron-loaded aramid fiber magnetic conductive particles into an internal mixer, blending for 5min at the temperature of 120 ℃ and at the speed of 100 r/min, and obtaining the metal iron-loaded aramid fiber-polyethylene composite material through a die pressing process.
(3) Preparation of oriented filler structure metal iron loaded aramid fiber-polyethylene composite material
And (3) placing the composite material prepared in the step (2) in a magnetic field, and enabling the metal iron loaded aramid fiber to be oriented and arranged along the direction of the magnetic field under the action of magnetic force at 150 ℃.
(4) High pressure gas foaming
Cutting the metal iron-loaded aramid fiber-polyethylene composite material with the oriented filler structure obtained in the step (3) into a regular shape, placing the material in a high-pressure reaction kettle, heating, introducing carbon dioxide gas, saturating at 80 ℃ and under the pressure of 10MPa for 30min, then reducing the pressure relief rate to normal pressure at the pressure of 5MPa/s, taking out a foamed sample, and drying in a drying oven to finally obtain the polyethylene electromagnetic shielding composite foam with the oriented filler structure.
Example 2
A preparation method of electromagnetic shielding composite foam with an oriented filler structure comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of magnetic conductive particles
Adding 1g of carbon fiber into 10mL of dilute sulfuric acid, mechanically stirring for 2h, repeatedly washing with distilled water, filtering to be neutral, adding the carbon fiber into a stannous chloride aqueous solution, mechanically stirring, adding the sensitized carbon fiber into 50mL of chemical nickel plating solution (40 g/L of nickel sulfate, 10g/L of sodium pyrophosphate, 5g/L of sodium hypophosphite, 5g/L of thiourea and 5mL of ammonia water), slowly adding a sodium citrate aqueous solution, reacting for 10min under magnetic stirring, and washing, filtering and drying to obtain the metallic nickel-loaded carbon fiber magnetic conductive particles.
(2) Preparation of metallic nickel loaded carbon fiber-epoxy resin composite material
And (2) placing 10g of epoxy resin and 0.5g of metal nickel loaded carbon fiber magnetic conductive particles into an internal mixer, blending for 10min at 50 ℃ under the condition of 80 r/min, and obtaining the metal nickel loaded carbon fiber-epoxy resin composite material through a die pressing process.
(3) Preparation of oriented filler structure metal nickel loaded carbon fiber-epoxy resin composite material
And (3) placing the composite material prepared in the step (2) in a magnetic field, and enabling the metallic nickel loaded carbon fibers to be oriented and arranged along the direction of the magnetic field under the action of magnetic force at 0 ℃.
(4) High pressure gas foaming
Cutting the metal nickel-loaded carbon fiber-epoxy resin composite material with the oriented filler structure obtained in the step (3) into a regular shape, placing the material in a high-pressure reaction kettle, heating and introducing air, saturating the material at 30 ℃ and 5MPa for 10min, then reducing the pressure relief rate to normal pressure at 1MPa/s, taking out a foamed sample, and drying the sample in a drying oven to finally obtain the epoxy resin electromagnetic shielding composite foam with the oriented filler structure.
Example 3
A preparation method of electromagnetic shielding composite foam with an oriented filler structure comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of magnetic conductive particles
Adding 1g of basalt fiber into 20mL of dilute sulfuric acid, mechanically stirring for 1h, repeatedly washing with distilled water, filtering to be neutral, adding the basalt fiber into a stannous chloride aqueous solution, mechanically stirring, adding the sensitized basalt fiber into 100mL of chemical cobalt plating solution (40 g/L of cobalt sulfate, 20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate, 2g/L of sodium hypophosphite, 10g/L of boric acid and 5mL of ammonia water), slowly adding a sodium citrate aqueous solution, reacting for 30min under magnetic stirring, and washing, filtering and drying to obtain the metallic cobalt-loaded basalt fiber magnetic conductive particles.
(2) Preparation of metallic cobalt-loaded basalt fiber-polyurethane elastomer composite material
10g of polyurethane elastomer and 2g of metal cobalt-loaded basalt fiber magnetic conductive particles are placed in an internal mixer, and are blended for 1h at the temperature of 120 ℃ and at the speed of 50 r/min, so that the metal cobalt-loaded basalt fiber-polyurethane elastomer composite material is obtained through a die pressing process.
(3) Preparation of oriented filler structure metal cobalt loaded basalt fiber-polyurethane elastomer composite material
And (3) placing the composite material prepared in the step (2) in a magnetic field, and enabling the metal cobalt-loaded basalt fibers to be oriented and arranged along the direction of the magnetic field under the action of magnetic force at 120 ℃.
(4) High pressure gas foaming
Cutting the metal cobalt-loaded basalt fiber-polyurethane elastomer composite material with the oriented filler structure obtained in the step (3) into a regular shape, placing the material in a high-pressure reaction kettle, heating, introducing nitrogen, saturating at 90 ℃ under the pressure of 15MPa for 1h, then reducing the pressure relief rate of 10MPa/s to normal pressure, taking out a foamed sample, and drying in an oven to finally obtain the polyurethane elastomer electromagnetic shielding composite foam with the oriented filler structure.
Example 4
A preparation method of electromagnetic shielding composite foam with an oriented filler structure comprises the following steps:
(1) particles of magnetic conductive fillers
Adding 1g of glass fiber into 50mL of dilute sulfuric acid, mechanically stirring for 1h, repeatedly washing with distilled water, filtering to be neutral, adding the obtained product into a stannous chloride aqueous solution, mechanically stirring, adding the sensitized glass fiber into 50mL of chemical iron-cobalt plating solution (30 g/L of ferric sulfate, 20g/L of cobalt sulfate, 20g/L of potassium sodium tartrate, 2g/L of sodium hypophosphite and 10mL of ammonia water), slowly adding a sodium citrate aqueous solution, reacting for 2h under magnetic stirring, and washing, filtering and drying to obtain the metal iron-cobalt loaded glass fiber magnetic conductive particles.
(2) Preparation of metal iron-cobalt loaded glass fiber-silicone rubber composite material
Adding 10g of silicon rubber and 10g of metal iron cobalt loaded glass fiber magnetic conductive particles into a cyclohexane solvent, mechanically stirring under an ultrasonic condition to fully dissolve the silicon rubber, pouring the mixture into a mold, and then placing the mold in a fume hood until the solvent is completely volatilized to obtain the metal iron cobalt loaded glass fiber-silicon rubber composite material.
(3) Preparation of oriented filler structure metal iron-cobalt loaded glass fiber-silicone rubber composite material
And (3) placing the composite material prepared in the step (2) in a magnetic field, and enabling the metal iron-cobalt loaded glass fibers to be oriented and arranged along the direction of the magnetic field under the action of magnetic force at 180 ℃.
(4) High pressure gas foaming
Cutting the metal iron-cobalt loaded glass fiber-silicon rubber composite material with the oriented filler structure obtained in the step (3) into a regular shape, placing the material in a high-pressure reaction kettle, heating, introducing methane, saturating at 30 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.2MPa for 1min, then reducing the pressure relief rate of 0.1MPa/s to the normal pressure, taking out a foamed sample, and drying in a drying oven to finally obtain the silicon rubber electromagnetic shielding composite foam with the oriented filler structure.
Example 5
A preparation method of electromagnetic shielding composite foam with an oriented filler structure comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of highly conductive particles
Adding 1g of ceramic fiber into 5mL of dilute sulfuric acid, mechanically stirring for 24h, repeatedly washing with distilled water, filtering to be neutral, adding the ceramic fiber into a stannous chloride aqueous solution, mechanically stirring, adding the sensitized ceramic fiber into 200mL of chemical cobalt-nickel plating solution (40 g/L of nickel chloride, 10g/L of cobalt sulfate and 20g/L of sodium hypophosphite), slowly adding a sodium citrate aqueous solution, reacting for 1min under magnetic stirring, and washing, filtering and drying to obtain the metal cobalt-nickel loaded ceramic fiber conductive particles.
(2) Preparation of metal cobalt-nickel loaded ceramic fiber conductive particle-polylactic acid composite material
Adding 10g of polylactic acid and 0.1g of metal cobalt nickel loaded ceramic fiber magnetic conductive particles into a chloroform solvent, mechanically stirring to fully dissolve the polylactic acid, pouring the mixture into a mold, and then placing the mold in a fume hood until the solvent is completely volatilized to obtain the metal cobalt nickel loaded ceramic fiber-polylactic acid composite material.
(3) Preparation of oriented filler structure metal cobalt-nickel loaded ceramic fiber-polylactic acid composite material
And (3) placing the composite material prepared in the step (2) in a magnetic field, and enabling the metal cobalt nickel loaded ceramic fibers to be oriented and arranged along the direction of the magnetic field under the action of magnetic force at 220 ℃.
(4) High pressure gas foaming
Cutting the metal cobalt-nickel loaded ceramic fiber-polylactic acid composite material with the oriented filler structure obtained in the step (3) into a regular shape, placing the material in a high-pressure reaction kettle, heating, introducing butane, saturating at 30 ℃ and 50MPa for 24h, then reducing the pressure relief rate to normal pressure at 30MPa/s, taking out a foamed sample, and drying in an oven to finally obtain the polylactic acid electromagnetic shielding composite foam with the oriented filler structure.
Example 6
A preparation method of electromagnetic shielding composite foam with an oriented filler structure comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of highly conductive particles
Adding 1g of stainless steel fiber into 200mL of dilute sulfuric acid, mechanically stirring for 1min, repeatedly washing with distilled water, filtering to be neutral, adding the stainless steel fiber into a stannous chloride aqueous solution, mechanically stirring, adding the sensitized stainless steel fiber into 100mL of chemically plated ferroferric oxide liquid (100 g/L of ferric chloride and 50g/L of ferrous chloride), slowly adding sodium hydroxide and sodium citrate aqueous solution, reacting for 24h under magnetic stirring, and washing, filtering and drying to obtain the magnetic ferroferric oxide loaded stainless steel fiber conductive particles.
(2) Preparation of ferroferric oxide-loaded stainless steel fiber conductive particle-polyimide composite material
Adding 10g of polyimide and 1g of ferroferric oxide-loaded stainless steel fiber magnetic conductive particles into a dimethylacetamide solvent, mechanically stirring under the ultrasonic condition of 1000W power to fully dissolve the polyimide, pouring the mixture into a mold, and then placing the mold in a fume hood until the solvent is completely volatilized to obtain the ferroferric oxide-loaded stainless steel fiber-polylactic acid composite material.
(3) Preparation of oriented filler structure ferroferric oxide loaded stainless steel fiber-polylactic acid composite material
And (3) placing the composite material prepared in the step (2) in a magnetic field, and enabling the ferroferric oxide loaded stainless steel fibers to be oriented and arranged along the direction of the magnetic field under the action of magnetic force at 300 ℃.
(4) High pressure gas foaming
Cutting the ferroferric oxide-loaded stainless steel fiber-polyimide composite material with the oriented filler structure obtained in the step (3) into a regular shape, placing the regular shape in a high-pressure reaction kettle, heating, introducing petroleum ether, saturating at 300 ℃ under the pressure of 20MPa for 24h, then reducing the pressure relief rate of 10MPa/s to normal pressure, taking out a foamed sample, and drying in a drying oven to finally obtain the polyimide electromagnetic shielding composite foam with the oriented filler structure.
Analysis of results
Taking the example 2 as an example, the metallic nickel-loaded carbon fiber is characterized by adopting a scanning electron microscope, and the result is shown in fig. 1, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that a layer of perfect metallic nickel particles are attached to the surface of the prepared nickel-plated carbon fiber, which can endow the filler with good magnetic performance and promote the orientation arrangement of the carbon fiber in a magnetic field environment. Fig. 2 is a sectional SEM image of the oriented filler structure polymer electromagnetic shielding composite foam of example 2, and it can be seen from a that the fibers are diverged out of the plane in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field direction, and the fibers are aligned in the plane in the direction parallel to the magnetic field direction, which helps to improve the lapping efficiency of the filler particles along the magnetic field direction.
The electromagnetic shielding composite foam of the oriented filler structure prepared in example 2 was cut into a regular shape, and the shielding effectiveness of the composite foam in different orientation directions was measured using an electromagnetic shielding test system, and fig. 3 is the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the composite foam in directions parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field. Because the ceramic fiber surface has good magnetic strength after being adhered with metal cobalt and nickel, orientation arrangement can occur under the action of a magnetic field, the lapping efficiency between fibers is improved, and the shielding efficiency is enhanced. The average shielding effectiveness of the syntactic foam in the direction parallel to the magnetic field was over 30dB and the average shielding effectiveness in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field was under 20dB, indicating that the fiber orientation had an enhanced effect on the shielding effectiveness.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should not be construed as limited to the scope of the patent. Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without inventive step within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of electromagnetic shielding composite foam with an oriented filler structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: attaching magnetic particles to the surface of the filler particles with the length-diameter ratio to obtain magnetic conductive particles;
s2: blending the magnetic conductive particles and a polymer to prepare a magnetic conductive particle-polymer composite material;
s3: placing the composite material obtained in the S2 in a magnetic field, and orienting the magnetic particles with the length-diameter ratio along the direction of the magnetic field at the temperature of 0-300 ℃;
s4: and (3) placing the composite material obtained in the step (S3) in a foaming gas environment, saturating the composite material at the temperature of 30-300 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.2-50 MPa for 1 min-24 h, then relieving the pressure to normal pressure at the speed of 0.1-30 MPa/S, and cooling the pressure to room temperature to obtain the composite material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the magnetic conductive particles are prepared by the following steps:
SS 1: surface treating filler particles having an aspect ratio;
SS 2: adding the treated filler particles into chemical iron plating solution, chemical cobalt plating solution, chemical nickel plating solution, chemical ferric oxide plating solution, chemical cobalt plating solution, chemical nickel plating solution or chemical nickel cobalt plating solution according to the material-to-solution ratio of 1g: 5-200 mL, then adding a reducing agent, stirring and reacting for 1 min-24 h, and finally washing and drying to obtain the magnetic conductive particles.
3. The production method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the filler particles are polymer fibers, inorganic nonmetal fibers or metal fibers.
4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the polymer fiber is at least one of polypropylene fiber, aramid fiber, polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polypropylene fiber, vinylon fiber, acrylic fiber, polyvinyl chloride fiber and viscose; the inorganic nonmetal fibers are at least one of carbon fibers, basalt fibers, glass fibers, ceramic fibers, silicon carbide fibers and boron fibers; the metal fiber is at least one of stainless steel fiber, copper fiber, nickel fiber and iron-chromium-aluminum fiber.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the magnetic conductive particle-polymer composite is prepared by the steps of: and (2) blending the polymer and the magnetic conductive particles according to the mass ratio of 1-100: 1 at 30-300 ℃ for 1 min-12 h under the condition of 5-500 r/min.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the magnetic conductive particle-polymer composite is prepared by the steps of: dissolving a polymer in a solvent, adding magnetic conductive particles with the mass being 1/100-1 time that of the polymer into the solvent, uniformly dispersing the magnetic conductive particles, and volatilizing the solvent to obtain the conductive material.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the solvent is ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, diethyl ether, acetone, hexane, cyclohexane, pentane, heptane, octane, aniline, butanone, chloroform, dimethylamine, carbon tetrachloride, N-heptanol, tetrahydrofuran, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, butyl acetate, trichloromethane, formic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, trichloroethylene or N-methylpyrrolidone.
8. The production method according to claim 1, 5 or 6, characterized in that: the polymer is polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyamide, vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, polyvinyl alcohol, epoxy resin, urea resin, furan resin, melamine formaldehyde resin, silicone resin, polyarylate, acrylate, phenol resin, polyether ether ketone, polysulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, styrene-butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, fluorine rubber, silicone rubber, thermoplastic polystyrene elastomer, thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer, thermoplastic copolyester elastomer, thermoplastic polyamide elastomer, or thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: the foaming gas is air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium, argon, petroleum ether, methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, dichloromethane or trichlorofluoromethane.
10. Electromagnetic shielding composite foam with oriented filler structure prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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