CN114624414B - Experimental system and experimental method for observing combustible gas explosion flame propagation behavior under open space concentration layering condition - Google Patents
Experimental system and experimental method for observing combustible gas explosion flame propagation behavior under open space concentration layering condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN114624414B CN114624414B CN202210125680.4A CN202210125680A CN114624414B CN 114624414 B CN114624414 B CN 114624414B CN 202210125680 A CN202210125680 A CN 202210125680A CN 114624414 B CN114624414 B CN 114624414B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N33/22—Fuels, explosives
- G01N33/227—Explosives, e.g. combustive properties thereof
Abstract
An experimental system and an experimental method for observing combustible gas explosion flame propagation behaviors under open space concentration layering conditions belong to the field of gas combustion science. The experimental system for observing the explosion flame propagation behavior of the combustible gas under the condition of open space concentration stratification comprises a time schedule controller, a premixed gas supply device, an ignition device and a double-layer bubble blowing device. The experimental system is characterized in that combustible gas with different concentrations is configured in a premixing tank through a premixed gas supply device and is used for blowing bubbles on the inner layer and the outer layer, bubbles with different scales and different gas concentrations on the inner layer and the outer layer are generated through a double-layer bubble blowing device, and the scales of the bubbles on the inner layer and the outer layer are changed through annular sawtooth pieces with different sizes, so that the combustible gas explosion flame propagation behavior under the condition of concentration layering in an open space is observed, and the experimental system can be used for researching the explosion flame propagation behavior of different types of combustible gas under the condition of layering with various concentrations.
Description
Technical Field
An experimental system and an experimental method for observing the propagation behavior of combustible gas explosion flame under the condition of concentration stratification in an open space belong to the scientific field of explosion safety.
Background
Chemical production activities produce chemicals by changing the structure, composition and morphology of substances through complex chemical processes that are highly susceptible to the production of combustible gases such as hydrogen, propane, natural gas, etc. during production processes. During the preparation, transportation, storage and use processes of the gas, the gas is easy to leak to form combustible gas cloud due to equipment damage or personnel misoperation, and gas explosion accidents are caused after the gas meets heat sources (mechanical friction or impact, high-temperature hot surfaces or open fire). During the gas explosion process, the flame is disturbed by turbulence and is continuously accelerated to expand, a large amount of heat is released, and deflagration or detonation pressure waves are generated, so that the safety of people's lives and property is seriously threatened. Therefore, the research on the generation and development mechanism of gas explosion flame provides scientific basis for the prevention of accident disaster and the development of disaster reduction measures, and the guarantee of the safety of life and production activities of people is a key problem to be solved urgently.
During open space gas explosion experiments, flammable gas clouds are typically formed with low strength materials such as thin films to reduce the disturbing effects of boundary material breakage on the flame. Kim utilizes the bubble to form combustible gas cloud, has built the open space gas explosion experimental apparatus of small-scale. Dobashi and Bao utilize the polyethylene film to form combustible gas cloud, have set up the explosion experimental system in the large-scale open space. The above studies were mainly directed to a uniform concentration of the combustible gas cloud. However, in the actual explosion process, the combustible gas has density difference with air, so that the interior of the combustible gas cloud has obvious concentration gradient. The traditional experimental device is difficult to form combustible gas cloud with layered concentration under the open space condition, and the influence of concentration gradient on the explosion flame propagation mechanism cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to form open space combustible gas cloud with concentration stratification characteristic by using low-strength materials such as films or bubbles provides an experimental system for observing the explosion flame propagation behavior of combustible gas under different concentration stratification conditions.
In order to solve the technical problems and overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an experimental system for observing the propagation behavior of combustible gas explosion flame under the condition of open space concentration stratification. The following purposes are achieved:
(1) Combustible gas with different concentrations of the inner layer and the outer layer is configured in the premixing tank by a partial pressure gas distribution method through a premixed gas supply system, so that the problem of supply of gas with different concentrations of bubbles of the inner layer and the outer layer is solved.
(2) Through the double-layer bubble blowing system, outer large-scale bubbles are generated by the outer-layer bubble blowing device, the inner-layer bubble blowing device is lifted by the electric lifting push rod, inner-layer small-scale bubbles are generated by the inner-layer bubble blowing device, and the centers of the bubbles are located in the ignition center, so that the concentration layering characteristic of combustible gas cloud is realized.
(4) The size of the bubbles in the inner layer and the outer layer is changed by changing the size of the annular saw-tooth sheets in the inner layer and the outer layer.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an experimental system for observing the propagation behavior of combustible gas explosion flame under the condition of concentration stratification in an open space comprises a time schedule controller, a premixed gas supply device, an ignition device and a double-layer bubble blowing device;
the premixed gas supply device comprises an outer layer gas premixing tank, an inner layer gas premixing tank, a first pressure gauge, a second pressure gauge, a first needle valve and a second needle valve, wherein the first pressure gauge is arranged on a gas inlet pipeline of the outer layer gas premixing tank, and the second pressure gauge is arranged on a gas inlet pipeline of the inner layer gas premixing tank;
the ignition device comprises ignition electrodes, a high-voltage igniter and an iron stand, the inner ends of the two ignition electrodes are opposite and keep a proper gap, the outer ends of the two ignition electrodes are respectively fixed on the iron stand, and the high-voltage igniter is electrically connected with the ignition electrodes;
the double-layer bubble blowing device comprises an outer-layer bubble blowing device, an inner-layer bubble blowing device, an electric lifting push rod and support rods, wherein the outer-layer bubble blowing device comprises an inner conical gas conveying device and a first annular sawtooth sheet, the first annular sawtooth sheet is arranged at the top of the inner conical gas conveying device, the inner conical gas conveying device is respectively fixed on an iron support through two support rods, one end of the first gas conveying pipe is connected with a gas outlet of an outer-layer gas premixing tank through a first needle valve, the other end of the first gas conveying pipe is inserted into the inner conical gas conveying device and connected with a gas channel communicated with a conical inner cavity, the inner-layer bubble blowing device comprises a conical gas conveying device, a second annular sawtooth sheet and a gas conveying straight pipe, the top of the conical gas conveying device is provided with the second annular sawtooth sheet, the bottom of the first annular sawtooth sheet is connected with the upper end of the gas conveying straight pipe, the lower end of the gas conveying straight pipe penetrates through the inner conical gas conveying device in a sliding structure to be connected with the electric lifting push rod, one end of the second gas conveying pipe is communicated with the gas conveying straight pipe, and the other end of the inner-layer gas outlet of the inner-layer gas tank is connected with the second needle valve through a hose;
the time schedule controller is electrically connected with the high-voltage igniter.
The first annular sawtooth piece and the second annular sawtooth piece are fixed to the tops of the inner conical gas conveying device and the top of the conical gas conveying device through screws respectively, and sawteeth are arranged on the inner sides of the first annular sawtooth piece and the second annular sawtooth piece.
The experimental method for observing the propagation behavior of the explosion flame of the combustible gas under the condition of open space concentration stratification comprises the following steps:
s1) based on a partial pressure gas distribution method, combustible gas with different concentrations is respectively configured in an outer layer gas premixing tank and an inner layer gas premixing tank through a first pressure gauge and a second pressure gauge;
s2) applying a bubble liquid film to the top of the second annular sawtooth sheet, and reducing the height of the inner-layer bubble blowing machine by using the electric lifting push rod until the second annular sawtooth sheet is not less than 5mm lower than the first annular sawtooth sheet;
s3) applying a bubble liquid film to the top of the first annular sawtooth sheet, and slowly opening the first needle valve to blow outer-layer bubbles until the center of the outer-layer bubbles is positioned at the ignition center of the ignition electrode;
s4) lifting the inner-layer bubble blowing device by using the electric lifting push rod, and slowly opening a second needle valve to blow inner-layer bubbles until the center of the inner-layer bubbles is positioned at the ignition center of the ignition electrode;
and S5) controlling the ignition electrode to ignite through the time sequence controller, igniting the combustible gas cloud, and recording the propagation process of the explosion flame of the combustible gas cloud by the high-speed photographic device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the experimental system for observing the propagation behavior of the explosion flame of the combustible gas under the condition of open space concentration stratification comprises a time schedule controller, a premixed gas supply device, an ignition device and a double-layer bubble blowing device. The experimental system is characterized in that combustible gas with different concentrations is configured in a premixing tank through a premixed gas supply device and is used for blowing bubbles on the inner layer and the outer layer, bubbles with different scales and different gas concentrations on the inner layer and the outer layer are generated through a double-layer bubble blowing device, and the scales of the bubbles on the inner layer and the outer layer are changed through annular sawtooth pieces with different sizes, so that the combustible gas explosion flame propagation behavior under the condition of concentration layering in an open space is observed, and the experimental system can be used for researching the explosion flame propagation behavior of different types of combustible gas under the condition of layering with various concentrations. The experimental system belongs to a small-scale open space gas explosion device, the total amount of combustible gas is small, and the flame form can be shot by means of high-speed photography and a schlieren system while the safety inspection is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental system for observing the propagation behavior of an explosion flame of a combustible gas under open space concentration stratification conditions.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the double-layer bubble blower of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. an outer layer gas premixing tank; 2. an inner layer gas premixing tank; 3. a first pressure gauge; 4. a second pressure gauge; 5. a first needle valve; 6. a second needle valve; 7. a hose; 8. an ignition electrode; 9. a high pressure igniter; 10. an iron stand; 11. an outer bubble blower; 12. an inner bubble blower; 13. an electric lifting push rod; 14. a support bar; 15. an inner conical gas transmission device; 15a, a gas channel; 16. a first annular saw-tooth blade; 17. a first gas delivery pipe; 18. A conical gas delivery device; 19. a second annular saw tooth blade; 20. a gas transmission straight pipe 21 and a second gas transmission pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be understood more clearly. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an experimental system for observing the propagation behavior of an explosion flame of a combustible gas under open space concentration stratification conditions. In the figure, the experimental system for observing the propagation behavior of the explosion flame of the combustible gas under the condition of open space concentration stratification comprises a time schedule controller, a premixed gas supply device, an ignition device and a double-layer bubble blowing device.
The double-layer bubble blowing device comprises an outer-layer bubble blowing device (11), an inner-layer bubble blowing device (12), an electric lifting push rod (13) and a support rod (14), the outer-layer bubble blowing device (11) comprises an inner conical gas conveying device (15) and a first annular sawtooth sheet (16), the first annular sawtooth sheet (16) is arranged at the top of the inner conical gas conveying device (15), the inner conical gas conveying device (15) is respectively fixed on an iron stand (10) through two support rods (14), one end of a first gas conveying pipe (17) is connected with a gas outlet of an outer-layer gas premixing tank (1) through a first needle valve (5), the other end of the first gas conveying pipe is inserted into the inner conical gas conveying device (15) and connected with a gas channel (15 a) communicated with a conical inner cavity, the inner-layer bubble blowing device (12) comprises a conical gas conveying device (18), a second annular sawtooth sheet (19) and a gas conveying straight pipe (20), the second annular sawtooth sheet (19) is arranged at the top of the conical gas conveying device (18), the bottom of the inner-layer gas conveying device is connected with the upper end of the gas conveying straight pipe (20), the lower end of the gas conveying straight pipe (20) penetrates through the inner conical gas conveying device (15) in a sliding structure to be connected with an electric lifting push rod (13), one end of the second annular sawtooth sheet (21), and the gas conveying pipe (7) is connected with the gas conveying hose (7), and the inner premixing tank (7) is communicated with the gas conveying hose (7);
the time schedule controller is electrically connected with the high-voltage igniter (9).
The premixing gas supply device comprises an outer gas premixing tank 1, an inner gas premixing tank 2, a first pressure gauge 3, a second pressure gauge 4, a first needle valve 5 and a second needle valve 6, wherein the first pressure gauge 3 is arranged on a gas inlet pipeline of the outer gas premixing tank 1, and the second pressure gauge 4 is arranged on a gas inlet pipeline of the inner gas premixing tank 2.
Ignition contains ignition electrode 8, high pressure point firearm 9 and iron stand platform 10, and two ignition electrode 8's one end is relative, and the other end is fixed respectively on iron stand platform 10, and ignition electrode 8 is connected to high pressure point firearm 9 electricity.
The double-layer bubble blowing device comprises an outer-layer bubble blowing device 11, an inner-layer bubble blowing device 12, an electric lifting push rod 13 and a support rod 14, wherein the outer-layer bubble blowing device 11 comprises an inner conical gas transmission device 15 and a first annular sawtooth sheet 16, the first annular sawtooth sheet 16 is arranged at the top of the inner conical gas transmission device 15, the inner conical gas transmission device 15 is respectively fixed on an iron stand 10 through two support rods 14, one end of a first gas transmission pipe 17 is connected with a gas outlet of an outer-layer gas premixing tank 1 through a first needle valve 5, the other end of the first annular sawtooth sheet is inserted into the inner conical gas transmission device (15) and is connected with a gas channel (15 a) communicated with a conical inner cavity, the inner-layer bubble blowing device 12 comprises a conical gas transmission device 18, a second annular sawtooth sheet 19 and a gas transmission straight pipe 20, the top of the conical gas transmission device 18 is provided with the second annular sawtooth sheet 19, the bottom of the first annular sawtooth sheet is connected with the upper end of the gas transmission straight pipe 20, the lower end of the gas transmission straight pipe 20 passes through the inner conical gas transmission device 15 in a sliding structure and is connected with the electric lifting push rod 13, one end of the second annular gas transmission pipe 21 is communicated with the gas transmission pipe 7 and is connected with a gas outlet of the inner-layer premixing tank 2 through a gas hose 7; the timing controller is electrically connected with the high-voltage igniter 9.
The first annular sawtooth piece 16 and the second annular sawtooth piece 19 are fixed on the tops of the inner conical gas conveying device 15 and the conical gas conveying device 18 through screws respectively, and sawteeth are arranged on the inner sides of the first annular sawtooth piece 16 and the second annular sawtooth piece 19.
The experimental method of the experimental system for observing the explosion flame propagation behavior of the combustible gas under the open space concentration layered condition comprises the following steps:
s1) based on a partial pressure gas distribution method, combustible gas with different concentrations is respectively configured in the outer layer gas premixing tank 1 and the inner layer gas premixing tank 2 through a first pressure gauge 3 and a second pressure gauge 4.
And S2) applying a bubble liquid film on the top of the second annular sawtooth sheet 19, and reducing the height of the inner layer bubble blowing machine 12 by using the electric lifting push rod 13 until the second annular sawtooth sheet 19 is not less than 5mm lower than the first annular sawtooth sheet 16.
And S3) applying a bubble liquid film on the top of the first annular sawtooth piece 16, and slowly opening the first needle valve 5 to blow outer-layer bubbles until the center of the outer-layer bubbles is positioned at the ignition center of the ignition electrode 8.
And S4) lifting the inner-layer bubble blowing device 12 by using the electric lifting push rod 13, and slowly opening the second needle valve 6 to blow the inner-layer bubbles until the centers of the inner-layer bubbles are positioned at the ignition center of the ignition electrode 8.
And S5) controlling the ignition electrode 8 to ignite through the time sequence controller, igniting the combustible gas cloud, and recording the propagation process of the explosion flame of the combustible gas cloud by the high-speed photographic device.
The premixed gas supply device comprises an outer layer gas premixing tank 1 and an inner layer gas premixing tank 2, wherein the outer layer gas premixing tank 1 and the inner layer gas premixing tank 2 are stainless steel gas storage tanks with the volume of 1L, upstream outlets are respectively connected with a first pressure gauge 3 and a second pressure gauge 4, and downstream outlets are connected with a double-layer bubble blowing system through a first needle valve 5 and a second needle valve 6. Combustible gases with different concentrations are respectively configured in the inner and outer layer gas premixing tanks by using a partial pressure gas distribution method so as to blow inner and outer layer bubbles with different gas concentrations. One ends of the two ignition electrodes 8 are opposite, the other ends of the two ignition electrodes are respectively fixed on an iron stand 10, and the high-voltage igniter 9 is electrically connected with the ignition electrodes 8 and used for igniting combustible gas.
The inner conical gas delivery device 15 is fixed to the iron stand 10 by two support rods 14. The inner bubble blowing device 12 penetrates through the inner conical gas transmission device 15 through the gas transmission straight pipe 20 in a sliding structure, and the lower end of the inner bubble blowing device is connected with the electric lifting push rod 13 and can slide up and down through the electric lifting push rod 13. The part of the gas transmission straight pipe 20, which is in contact with the inner conical gas transmission device 15, is coated with engine oil, so that good air tightness of the joint is ensured. The first annular sawtooth piece 16 and the second annular sawtooth piece 19 are respectively fixed on the tops of the inner conical air conveying device 15 and the conical air conveying device 18 through screws, sawteeth are arranged on the inner sides of the first annular sawtooth piece 16 and the second annular sawtooth piece 19, the inner ring sawteeth structure is used for increasing the stability of bubble blowing, and the size of the inner ring sawteeth structure can be changed to change the size of bubbles on the inner layer and the outer layer. The internal conical configuration of the internal conical gas delivery means 15 and 18 reduces the volume of air in the apparatus prior to blowing of the gas bubbles to ensure a constant premix gas concentration. The first air pipe 17 is connected with the side part of the inner conical air conveying device 15 through an air passage 15a, and the upstream part of the first air pipe is connected with the second needle valve 5 and used for blowing outer-layer bubbles; the downstream of the straight gas delivery pipe 20 is connected with the conical gas delivery device 18, and the upstream is connected with the second needle valve 6 through a second gas delivery pipe 21 and used for blowing bubbles at the inner layer.
The working process of the experimental system for observing the explosion flame propagation behavior of the combustible gas under the condition of open space concentration stratification is as follows: based on a partial pressure gas distribution method, outer-layer gas premixed gas with a certain concentration is configured in the outer-layer gas premixing tank 1 through the first pressure gauge 3, and inner-layer gas premixed gas with a certain concentration is configured in the outer-layer gas premixing tank 2 through the second pressure gauge 4. Slowly opening the first needle valve 5, outputting the outer-layer gas premixed gas from the outer-layer bubble premixing tank 1 to the outer-layer bubble blowing device 11, and generating outer-layer bubbles until the centers of the bubbles are positioned in the ignition center; the inner bubble blowing device 12 is lifted by the electric lifting push rod 13, the second needle valve 6 is slowly opened, and the inner layer gas premixed gas is output to the inner layer bubble blowing device 12 from the inner layer bubble premixing tank 2 to generate inner layer bubbles until the centers of the bubbles are positioned at the ignition center. The double-layer bubbles can meet the concentric requirement and realize concentration stratification. The ignition electrode 8 discharges at the tip through the high-voltage igniter 9, and the ignition and trigger on and off time is controlled by the time schedule controller.
The experimental system provided by the invention belongs to a small-scale open space gas explosion device, the total amount of combustible gas is small, and the flame shape can be shot by means of a high-speed photography and schlieren system while the safety inspection is ensured. The invention can be used for researching the explosion flame propagation behavior of different combustible gases under the condition of multiple concentration stratification, including hydrogen generated in the industrial hydrogen production process and combustible gases such as natural gas, propane, ethylene and the like generated in chemical production activities such as coal, petroleum, chemical fertilizers, synthetic fibers and the like. The invention realizes that the bubbles form combustible gas cloud with layered concentration in an open space, and provides an experimental platform for deeply researching the propagation behavior of gas explosion flame under the influence of concentration gradient.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (2)
1. An experimental system for observing the propagation behavior of an explosion flame of a combustible gas under the condition of concentration stratification in an open space, which comprises a time schedule controller, and is characterized in that: the device also comprises a premixed gas supply device, an ignition device and a double-layer bubble blowing device;
the premixed gas supply device comprises an outer layer gas premixing tank (1), an inner layer gas premixing tank (2), a first pressure gauge (3), a second pressure gauge (4), a first needle valve (5) and a second needle valve (6), wherein the first pressure gauge (3) is arranged on a gas inlet pipeline of the outer layer gas premixing tank (1), and the second pressure gauge (4) is arranged on a gas inlet pipeline of the inner layer gas premixing tank (2);
the ignition device comprises ignition electrodes (8), a high-voltage igniter (9) and an iron stand (10), the inner ends of the two ignition electrodes (8) are opposite and keep a proper gap, the outer ends of the two ignition electrodes are respectively fixed on the iron stand (10), and the high-voltage igniter (9) is electrically connected with the ignition electrodes (8);
the double-layer bubble blowing device comprises an outer-layer bubble blowing device (11), an inner-layer bubble blowing device (12), an electric lifting push rod (13) and a support rod (14), the outer-layer bubble blowing device (11) comprises an inner conical gas conveying device (15) and a first annular sawtooth sheet (16), the first annular sawtooth sheet (16) is arranged at the top of the inner conical gas conveying device (15), the inner conical gas conveying device (15) is respectively fixed on an iron stand (10) through two support rods (14), one end of a first gas conveying pipe (17) is connected with a gas outlet of an outer-layer gas premixing tank (1) through a first needle valve (5), the other end of the first gas conveying pipe is inserted into the inner conical gas conveying device (15) and connected with a gas channel (15 a) communicated with a conical inner cavity, the inner-layer bubble blowing device (12) comprises a conical gas conveying device (18), a second annular sawtooth sheet (19) and a gas conveying straight pipe (20), the top of the conical gas conveying device (18) is provided with a second annular sawtooth sheet (19), the bottom of the inner premixing gas conveying straight pipe (20) is connected with the upper end of the gas conveying straight pipe (20), the lower end of the gas conveying straight pipe (20) penetrates through the inner conical gas conveying device (15) in a sliding structure and is connected with an electric lifting push rod (13), one end of the second gas conveying pipe (21) is connected with a gas conveying hose (7), and the inner gas conveying pipe (7) is connected with an inner layer hose;
the time sequence controller is electrically connected with the high-voltage igniter (9);
the first annular sawtooth piece (16) and the second annular sawtooth piece (19) are fixed to the tops of the inner conical gas transmission device (15) and the conical gas transmission device (18) through screws respectively, and sawteeth are arranged on the inner sides of the first annular sawtooth piece (16) and the second annular sawtooth piece (19).
2. The experimental method of the experimental system for observing the propagation behavior of the explosion flame of the combustible gas under the open space concentration stratified condition as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1) based on a partial pressure gas distribution method, combustible gases with different concentrations are respectively configured in an outer layer gas premixing tank (1) and an inner layer gas premixing tank (2) through a first pressure gauge (3) and a second pressure gauge (4);
s2) applying a bubble liquid film to the top of a second annular sawtooth sheet (19), and reducing the height of the inner-layer bubble blowing machine (12) by using an electric lifting push rod (13) until the second annular sawtooth sheet (19) is not less than 5mm lower than the first annular sawtooth sheet (16);
s3) applying a bubble liquid film to the top of the first annular sawtooth piece (16), and slowly opening the first needle valve (5) to blow outer-layer bubbles until the center of the outer-layer bubbles is positioned at the ignition center of the ignition electrode (8);
s4) lifting the inner-layer bubble blowing device (12) by using the electric lifting push rod (13), and slowly opening the second needle valve (6) to blow the inner-layer bubbles until the centers of the inner-layer bubbles are positioned at the ignition center of the ignition electrode (8);
and S5) controlling the ignition electrode (8) to ignite through the time sequence controller, igniting the combustible gas cloud, and recording the propagation process of the explosion flame of the combustible gas cloud by the high-speed photographic device.
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