CN114623970A - Device and method for measuring friction force of shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring friction force of shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114623970A CN114623970A CN202210106498.4A CN202210106498A CN114623970A CN 114623970 A CN114623970 A CN 114623970A CN 202210106498 A CN202210106498 A CN 202210106498A CN 114623970 A CN114623970 A CN 114623970A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
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Abstract
The invention discloses a friction force measuring device and method for an axial hole symmetrical assembly structure. The shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure is arranged on the base, so that the axis direction of the shaft hole and the ejector rod are kept on the same axis. Two ends of the pull pressure sensor are arranged on the end part of the ejector rod and the ejector head and are aligned to the center of the shaft hole. The guide hole of the ejector rod guide seat, the central hole of the ejector rod supporting seat, the threaded hole of the ejector screw seat and the shaft hole of the symmetrical assembling structure are on the same axis. The ejector rod supporting seat is installed on the guide rail sliding block, and the ejector rod is fixed on the ejector rod supporting seat and can do linear motion along the axis direction with the sliding block. The jackscrew passes through the jackscrew seat through the screw hole and pushes against the tail end of the ejector rod, the back-and-forth motion of the ejector rod is adjusted by rotating the jackscrew, the ejector head is pushed to advance and push against the end surface of the shaft, and the friction force between the matching surfaces of the shaft holes is measured by pulling the pressure sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring friction force of a shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure, which are used for detecting and quantitatively evaluating the matching tightness degree and the surface contact state of a shaft hole of a precision instrument, are devices for controlling the consistency of matching effects among parts in the assembly process of the precision instrument assembly structure, and belong to the technical field of precision instrument product assembly.
Background
The precision instrument works in a multi-field action environment, is simultaneously acted by variable inertial load and variable temperature load, and has higher requirement on the stability of certain key assembly structures. Therefore, a further requirement is put on the assembly process of the precision instrument assembly structure, which mainly comprises the following steps: low stress assembly, symmetrical stress assembly, structural thermal stability, structural stability under variable load conditions, and the like. In order to guarantee the stability of the assembly structure of the precision instrument and improve the precision of the instrument, the matching performance of parts is quantitatively evaluated by increasing the friction force of the shaft hole matching in the assembly process, hand feeling matching is replaced, the symmetric stress assembly and the low stress assembly of the shaft hole symmetric assembly structure are realized, and the stability of the assembly structure of the precision instrument is improved.
The traditional precision instrument assembling method comprises the following steps: assembling operators measure the fit size of the shaft hole according to the measured size or by tools such as a micrometer, a vernier caliper and the like, and selecting and assembling the assembled parts; and then, cleaning or cleaning the part, and then trial-assembling, wherein the tightness degree between the shaft and the hole is judged through hand feeling in the trial-assembling process, and the tightness degree is influenced by the aspects of the matching surface roughness, the matching clearance, the form and position precision, the material characteristics and the like. This operation process can't quantify, relies on operator's experience of feeling entirely to assemble, and feel between the operating personnel can't guarantee the complete coincidence, is difficult to guarantee low stress assembly and symmetrical stress assembly, and there is great difference in precision instrument's structural stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the device and the method for measuring the friction force of the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure are used for overcoming the defects of the prior art and equipment, providing quantifiable reference data for the operation process of the precision instrument assembly process, improving the consistency of shaft hole matching and improving the precision of the precision instrument.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a friction force measuring device of an axial hole symmetrical assembly structure comprises a base, a top head, a tension pressure sensor, a top rod guide seat, a top rod, a linear guide rail, a top rod support seat, a guide rail slide block, a top screw seat and a top screw;
the ejection rod guide seat, the linear guide rail and the ejection screw seat are fixed on the base, the guide rail sliding block is matched with the linear guide rail, the ejection rod support seat is arranged on the guide rail sliding block and can do linear motion along the axis direction along with the sliding block, a guide hole is arranged on the ejection rod guide seat, one end of the ejection rod is fixed on the ejection rod support seat, the other end of the ejection rod penetrates through the guide hole of the ejection rod guide seat and is connected with one side of the pull pressure sensor, a center hole is arranged on the ejection rod support seat, and the center hole is a blind hole with one open end; the guide hole of the ejector rod guide seat, the central hole of the ejector rod supporting seat, the threaded hole of the ejector screw seat and the shaft hole of the symmetrical assembly structure are on the same axis, the ejector screw penetrates through the ejector screw seat through the threaded hole and enters the central hole of the ejector rod supporting seat, and the bottom of the central hole is abutted to the end part of the ejector rod;
the axial hole symmetrical assembly structure is arranged on the base, so that the axial direction of the axial hole and the ejector rod are kept on the same axial line, and the ejector head is arranged on the other side of the tension and pressure sensor and aligned to the central position of the axial hole;
the back-and-forth movement of the ejector rod can be adjusted by rotating the jackscrew, and the ejector head is pushed to advance to be abutted against the end surface of the shaft; when the friction resistance between the shaft holes of the symmetrical assembling structure is received, the pressure measured by the tension pressure sensor is the friction force between the matching surfaces of the shaft holes, and the friction force detection of the matching surfaces of the symmetrical assembling structure is realized.
Preferably, the pull pressure sensor is installed at the end part of the ejector rod through threaded connection, and only receives axial pressure in the working process, and the pressure is frictional resistance of the matching surface of the shaft hole symmetrical assembling structure, so that contact interference with other parts is avoided, and the measurement precision is improved.
Preferably, the ejector rod is fixed on the guide rail sliding block through the ejector rod supporting seat and moves linearly along the linear guide rail when pushed by the ejector screw.
Preferably, the ejector rod guide seat is in clearance shaft hole fit with the ejector rod, so that the ejector rod can freely slide in the ejector rod guide seat.
Preferably, when the shaft hole symmetrical assembling structure is installed on the base, the accurate alignment of the central line of the shaft hole is realized through the installation positioning surface on the base, and the central line of the shaft hole symmetrical assembling structure and the central line of the ejector rod are ensured to be on the same straight line through the machining position precision control of the part machine.
Preferably, the base comprises a radial limiting device and an axial limiting device of the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure, and the radial limiting device and the axial limiting device are integrally formed with the base.
Preferably, the accuracy of the pressure sensor is higher than 0.05N.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a friction force measuring method for a shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure comprises the following steps:
(s1) the shaft is installed in the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure, the horizontal placement is kept, and the sliding displacement of the shaft in the hole of the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure caused by the gravity action due to the inclination is avoided;
(s2) placing the shaft hole symmetrical assembling structure on the installation positioning surface of the base, and aligning the central line of the shaft hole symmetrical assembling structure with the central axis of the ejector rod;
(s3) pushing the ejector rod to do linear motion along the linear guide rail by rotating the jackscrew, and recording the pressure value of the tension pressure sensor when the ejector head pushes the shaft to slide relative to the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure, so that the friction force of the shaft hole matching surface of the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure can be obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the friction force measuring device of the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure is designed to detect and analyze the friction force of the matched surface of the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure of the precision instrument, so that the quantitative evaluation of the matching effect of parts of the precision instrument is realized, and the matching consistency of the parts is improved.
(2) The tension and pressure sensor is installed at the end part of the ejector rod through threaded connection, and only axial pressure is applied in the working process, namely the friction resistance of the matching surface of the symmetrical assembly structure of the shaft hole, so that the contact interference with other parts is avoided, and the measurement precision is improved.
(3) The radial limiting device and the axial limiting device of the base are integrally formed with the base, and the processing precision is easy to guarantee.
(4) The invention replaces hand feeling matching of assembly operators by quantitative detection, reduces the requirement on the skill level of precision instrument assembly personnel, provides quantitative reference for the matching effect of precision instrument parts, is more beneficial to realizing low-stress assembly and symmetrical stress assembly, and improves the stability of the precision instrument assembly structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system components of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a friction force measuring device of an axial hole symmetrical assembly structure of the present invention, that is, a basic form of the present invention, includes a base 1, a plug 4, a tension and pressure sensor 5, a plug guide seat 6, a plug 7, a linear guide rail 8, a plug support seat 9, a guide rail slider 10, a plug screw seat 11, a plug screw 12, and the like.
Structural layout of the whole measuring device: the push rod guide seat 6, the linear guide rail 8 and the push screw seat 11 are fixed on the base 1, the guide rail slide block 10 is matched with the linear guide rail 8, the push rod support seat 9 is installed on the guide rail slide block 10 and can do linear motion along with the slide block 10 along the axis direction, a guide hole is arranged on the push rod guide seat 6, one end of the push rod 7 is fixed on the push rod support seat 9, the other end of the push rod 7 penetrates through the guide hole of the push rod guide seat 6 to be connected with one side of the tension pressure sensor 5, a center hole is arranged on the push rod support seat 9, and the center hole is a blind hole with one open end; the guide hole of the ejector rod guide seat 6, the center hole of the ejector rod supporting seat 9, the threaded hole of the ejector screw seat 11 and the shaft hole of the symmetrical assembling structure 2 are on the same axis, the ejector screw 12 penetrates through the ejector screw seat 11 through the threaded hole and enters the center hole of the ejector rod supporting seat 9, and the bottom of the center hole is abutted to the end part of the ejector rod 7.
The mandril 7 can do linear motion along the axis direction with the slide block 10, and the mandril 7 can freely slide through the guide hole of the mandril guide seat 6.
The axial hole symmetrical assembly structure 2 is arranged on the base 1 through a radial limiting device and an axial limiting device on the base, so that the axial direction of the axial hole and the ejector rod 7 are kept on the same axis, and the ejector head 4 is arranged on the other side of the tension and pressure sensor 5 and aligned to the central position of the axial hole;
the friction force measurement implementation process comprises the following steps: the jackscrew 12 penetrates through the jackscrew seat 11 through a threaded hole and is jacked at the tail end of the ejector rod 7, the front-back motion of the ejector rod can be adjusted by rotating the jackscrew 12, and the ejector head 4 is pushed to advance and be jacked on the end surface of the shaft 3; when the friction resistance between the shaft holes of the symmetrical assembling structure 2 is received, the pressure measured by the pulling pressure sensor 5 is the friction between the matching surfaces of the shaft holes, and the friction detection of the matching surfaces of the symmetrical assembling structure 2 is realized.
Preferably, the tension and pressure sensor 5 is installed at the end part of the ejector rod 7 through threaded connection, and is only subjected to axial pressure of the shaft 3 in the working process, the pressure is friction resistance of the matching surface of the shaft hole symmetric assembly structure, contact interference with other parts is avoided, and measurement accuracy is improved.
Preferably, the ejector rod 7 is fixed on the guide rail slide block 10 through an ejector rod support seat, and when pushed by the ejector screw 12, the ejector rod moves linearly along the linear guide rail 8, and the movement precision is ensured to be higher than 0.01.
Preferably, the ejector rod guide seat 6 is matched with the ejector rod 7 through a clearance shaft hole, so that the ejector rod 7 can freely slide in the ejector rod guide seat 6.
Preferably, when the shaft hole symmetrical assembling structure 2 is installed on the base 1, the accurate alignment of the central line of the shaft hole is realized through the installation positioning surface on the base 1, and the central line of the shaft hole symmetrical assembling structure 2 and the central axis of the ejector rod 7 are ensured to be on the same straight line through the machining precision control of the part machine.
Preferably, the base 1 comprises a radial limiting device and an axial limiting device of the shaft hole symmetric assembly structure 2, and the radial limiting device and the axial limiting device are integrally formed with the base 1, so that sufficient machining precision can be ensured.
Therefore, based on the friction force measuring device with the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure, the invention provides another technical scheme that: a friction force measuring method for a shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure comprises the following steps:
s1, the shaft 3 is installed into the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure 2, the horizontal placement is kept, the sliding displacement of the shaft 3 in the hole of the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure 2 caused by the gravity action due to the inclination is avoided, and the levelness is required to be 0.5:1000.
s2, placing the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure 2 on the installation positioning surface of the base 1, and aligning the shaft hole central line of the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure 2 with the central axis of the ejector rod 7, wherein the coaxiality requires phi 0.05;
s3, the ejector rod 7 is pushed to do linear motion along the linear guide rail 8 by rotating the ejector screw 12, and when the ejector head 4 pushes the shaft 3 to slide relative to the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure 2, the pressure value of the pull pressure sensor 5 is recorded, so that the friction force of the shaft hole matching surface of the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure 2 can be obtained.
The accuracy of the pressure sensor is typically required to be higher than 0.05N.
The friction force measuring device for the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure is designed to detect and analyze the friction force of the matched surface of the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure of the precision instrument, so that the quantitative evaluation of the matching effect of parts of the precision instrument is realized, the hand feeling matching of an assembly operator is replaced by quantitative detection, the requirement on the skill level of the assembly operator of the precision instrument is lowered, the low-stress assembly and the symmetrical stress assembly are more favorably realized, and the stability of the assembly structure of the precision instrument is improved.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A friction force measuring device of an axial hole symmetrical assembly structure is characterized by comprising a base (1), a top head (4), a tension pressure sensor (5), a top rod guide seat (6), a top rod (7), a linear guide rail (8), a top rod support seat (9), a guide rail slide block (10), a top screw seat (11) and a top screw (12);
an ejector rod guide seat (6), a linear guide rail (8) and an ejector screw seat (11) are fixed on a base (1), a guide rail sliding block (10) is matched with the linear guide rail (8), an ejector rod support seat (9) is installed on the guide rail sliding block (10) and can do linear motion along the axis direction along with the sliding block (10), a guide hole is formed in the ejector rod guide seat (6), one end of an ejector rod (7) is fixed on the ejector rod support seat (9), the other end of the ejector rod (7) penetrates through the guide hole of the ejector rod guide seat (6) to be connected with one side of a tension pressure sensor (5), a center hole is formed in the ejector rod support seat (9), and the center hole is a blind hole with one open end; the guide hole of the ejector rod guide seat (6), the center hole of the ejector rod support seat (9), the threaded hole of the ejector screw seat (11) and the shaft holes of the symmetrical assembly structures (2) are on the same axis, the ejector screw (12) penetrates through the ejector screw seat (11) through the threaded hole and enters the center hole of the ejector rod support seat (9), and the bottom of the center hole is abutted to the end part of the ejector rod (7);
the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure (2) is arranged on the base (1), so that the axial direction of the shaft hole and the ejector rod (7) are kept on the same axis, and the ejector head (4) is arranged on the other side of the tension and pressure sensor (5) and aligned to the center of the shaft hole;
the back-and-forth movement of the ejector rod can be adjusted by rotating the jackscrew (12), and the ejector head (4) is pushed to advance and be abutted against the end surface of the shaft (3); when the friction resistance between the shaft holes of the symmetrical assembling structure (2) is received, the pressure measured by the pulling pressure sensor (5) is the friction force between the matching surfaces of the shaft holes, and the friction force detection of the matching surfaces of the symmetrical assembling structure (2) is realized.
2. The friction force measuring device of the shaft hole symmetrical assembling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the tension and pressure sensor (5) is installed at the end of the ejector rod (7) through threaded connection and is only subjected to axial pressure of the shaft (3) in the working process, the pressure is friction resistance of the matching surface of the shaft hole symmetrical assembling structure, contact interference with other parts is avoided, and measuring accuracy is improved.
3. The friction force measuring device of the axial hole symmetrical assembly structure is characterized in that the ejector rod (7) is fixed on the guide rail sliding block (10) through an ejector rod supporting seat and moves linearly along the linear guide rail (8) when being pushed by the ejector wire (12).
4. The friction force measuring device for the axial hole symmetrical assembly structure according to claim 1, wherein the ejector rod guide seat (6) is in clearance shaft hole fit with the ejector rod (7) to ensure that the ejector rod (7) can freely slide in the ejector rod guide seat (6).
5. The friction force measuring device for the shaft hole symmetrical assembling structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that when the shaft hole symmetrical assembling structure (2) is installed on the base (1), the accurate alignment of the center line of the shaft hole is realized through the installation positioning surface on the base (1), and the center line of the shaft hole symmetrical assembling structure (2) and the center line of the ejector rod (7) are ensured to be on the same straight line through the machining position precision control of a part machine.
6. The friction force measuring device of the axial hole symmetrical assembling structure according to claim 1, wherein the base (1) comprises a radial limiting device and an axial limiting device of the axial hole symmetrical assembling structure (2), and the radial limiting device and the axial limiting device are integrally formed with the base (1).
7. The device for measuring the friction force of the symmetrical axial hole assembling structure of claim 1, wherein the accuracy of the pressure sensor is higher than 0.05N.
8. The method for measuring the friction force of the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure based on the device of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(s1) installing the shaft (3) into the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure (2), keeping horizontal placement, and avoiding sliding displacement of the shaft (3) in the hole of the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure (2) caused by gravity action due to inclination;
(s2) placing the shaft hole symmetrical assembling structure (2) on the installation positioning surface of the base (1) to enable the center line of the shaft hole symmetrical assembling structure (2) to be aligned with the central axis of the ejector rod (7);
(s3) pushing the ejector rod (7) to do linear motion along the linear guide rail (8) through the rotary jackscrew (12), and recording the pressure value of the pull pressure sensor (5) when the ejector head (4) pushes the shaft (3) to slide relative to the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure (2), so that the friction force of the shaft hole matching surface of the shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure (2) can be obtained.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210106498.4A CN114623970B (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2022-01-28 | Friction force measuring device and method for shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210106498.4A CN114623970B (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2022-01-28 | Friction force measuring device and method for shaft hole symmetrical assembly structure |
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| CN114623970A true CN114623970A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
| CN114623970B CN114623970B (en) | 2024-02-09 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20030177840A1 (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2003-09-25 | Silvio Corrias | Tribological test apparatus |
| CN103940471A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-07-23 | 清华大学 | Device for comprehensively measuring linear guide rail friction force and manufacturing and mounting errors |
| CN104236483A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-24 | 张家港斯克斯精密机械科技有限公司 | Device and method for measuring precision and friction force of rolling linear guide rail pair |
| CN204269365U (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-15 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of pretension adjustable rolling ball screw pair moment of friction dynamic measurement device |
| CN106441196A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-22 | 北京理工大学 | Shaft-hole fit clearance measuring device and method based on friction |
| CN112697337A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-23 | 北京航天万鸿高科技有限公司 | Precise linear motion displacement pressure loading intelligent system |
-
2022
- 2022-01-28 CN CN202210106498.4A patent/CN114623970B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030177840A1 (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2003-09-25 | Silvio Corrias | Tribological test apparatus |
| CN103940471A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-07-23 | 清华大学 | Device for comprehensively measuring linear guide rail friction force and manufacturing and mounting errors |
| CN104236483A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-24 | 张家港斯克斯精密机械科技有限公司 | Device and method for measuring precision and friction force of rolling linear guide rail pair |
| CN204269365U (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-15 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of pretension adjustable rolling ball screw pair moment of friction dynamic measurement device |
| CN106441196A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-22 | 北京理工大学 | Shaft-hole fit clearance measuring device and method based on friction |
| CN112697337A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-23 | 北京航天万鸿高科技有限公司 | Precise linear motion displacement pressure loading intelligent system |
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