CN114622844A - Drilling rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid, preparation method thereof and well cleaning method - Google Patents
Drilling rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid, preparation method thereof and well cleaning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114622844A CN114622844A CN202111541513.XA CN202111541513A CN114622844A CN 114622844 A CN114622844 A CN 114622844A CN 202111541513 A CN202111541513 A CN 202111541513A CN 114622844 A CN114622844 A CN 114622844A
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- carrying
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/063—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by separating components
- E21B21/065—Separating solids from drilling fluids
- E21B21/066—Separating solids from drilling fluids with further treatment of the solids, e.g. for disposal
Abstract
The invention provides a drilling rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid, a preparation method thereof and a well hole cleaning method, and belongs to the technical field of well hole cleaning of large-displacement directional wells and horizontal wells, wherein the sand cleaning fluid comprises a base fluid, a degradable sand-carrying agent and an organic molybdenum antifriction agent, wherein the addition amount of the degradable sand-carrying agent is 0.1-1.0% by mass volume percentage based on the total volume of the base fluid; the addition amount of the organic molybdenum antifriction agent is 1-3%; the degradable sand carrying agent is prepared by at least melting, blending and spinning 36-60 parts by weight of aliphatic polyester polymer, 36-60 parts by weight of high-molecular copolymer and 0.5-3 parts by weight of modified nano-silica. The invention has the advantages of effectively carrying out the rock debris out of the well bottom or dropping the rock debris to return to the ground, reducing the friction torque of the drilling tool, having simple construction process, strong operability, small change of the fluid performance of the shaft before and after treatment, approximately same density of the rock-carrying sand-removing liquid and the fluid of the shaft, no stratum leakage risk, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of well cleaning of large-displacement directional wells and horizontal wells, in particular to a drilling well rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid, a preparation method thereof and a well cleaning method using the drilling well rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid.
Background
In the construction process of a large-displacement directional well and a horizontal well, due to the influences of a well inclination angle, annulus return speed, the rotating speed of a drilling tool, the mechanical drilling speed, the performance of drilling completion fluid and the like, detritus beds are easy to appear in a highly-deviated well section and a horizontal section, and safe, efficient and low-cost operation is directly influenced. The quality of the rock-carrying and sand-cleaning capability of the drilling and completion fluid is an important factor influencing the cleanness of a large-displacement directional well and a horizontal well and is also a main controllable factor. Aiming at the problem of carrying rocks by drilling and completion fluid, how to effectively carry out the rock debris at the bottom of the well out of the ground, keep the well clean and prevent the formation of a rock debris bed is the key for the smooth construction of a large-displacement directional well and a horizontal well.
The drilling and completion fluid suitable for large-displacement directional wells and horizontal wells has the advantages of high-temperature resistance and stability, reasonable dynamic-plastic ratio, good shearing and diluting characteristics and high low-shearing-rate viscosity, and is the most important controllable factor for keeping well bores clean. However, due to the influences of the rheological property of well bore fluid, the suspension of fluid circulation, the falling of blocks caused by the instability of well walls, the compaction of rock debris by a drilling tool and other factors, the rock debris in the well is easy to accumulate to form a rock debris bed. At present, the common treatment method adopts a thick slurry slug and/or a heavy slurry slug to circularly lift sand, and a certain effect is achieved, but certain disadvantages exist: when thick slurry is used for lifting sand, the thick slurry contains high molecular polymers, so that the performance of the original well slurry is adversely affected, the viscosity of the well slurry is increased due to the increase of the high molecular polymers, and the viscosity effect is more serious when the thick slurry is used in high-density drilling completion fluid; when the heavy slurry slug is adopted for sand lifting, the pressure of a fluid column of a shaft is increased, and the fluid column is easy to leak stratum, and is particularly used in a pressure failure stratum or a narrow density window well section.
The Chinese invention with the patent number of CN106398674B and the name of 'a method for preparing a borehole cleaning fluid' discloses a method for preparing the borehole cleaning fluid, which is characterized in that cottonseed hulls are added into the original drilling fluid; the addition amount of the cottonseed hulls is 30-50 g of the cottonseed hulls added in each 1000mL of the original drilling fluid. The preparation method of the borehole cleaning fluid is suitable for various water-based drilling fluids, because the cottonseed hulls are provided with short cotton fibers, the short cotton fibers on the cottonseed hulls are interwoven and adhered to effectively capture collapsed matters or drilling cuttings, the chemical inertness has no influence on the performance of the drilling fluid, the borehole cleaning fluid has strong suspension carrying capacity, and the effects of effectively cleaning carried rocks, ensuring the cleanness of a borehole and saving the cost of the drilling fluid can be achieved. However, the drilling fluid components in the above applications are all different from the completion fluid rock-carrying and sand-cleaning fluid of the present application.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to address one or more of the problems in the prior art as set forth above. For example, one of the objectives of the present invention is to improve the rock-carrying and sand-cleaning capabilities of drilling and completion fluids.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a drilling rock-carrying sand-cleaning fluid which comprises a base fluid, a degradable sand-carrying agent and an organic molybdenum anti-friction agent, wherein the total volume of the base fluid is taken as a reference, and the organic molybdenum anti-friction agent is calculated according to mass volume percentage,
the addition amount of the degradable sand-carrying agent is 0.1-1.0%;
the addition amount of the organic molybdenum antifriction agent is 1-3%;
the degradable sand carrying agent is prepared by at least melting, blending and spinning 36-60 parts by weight of aliphatic polyester polymer, 36-60 parts by weight of high-molecular copolymer and 0.5-3 parts by weight of modified nano-silica.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the degradable sand carrier further comprises 0.1-1 part of a chain extender, 0.5-2 parts of an anti-hydrolysis agent and 0.5-2 parts of an antioxidant.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aliphatic polyester-based polymer may be one or more of polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polybutylene succinate, and the like in any ratio.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the high molecular copolymer may be one of or more of polylactic acid-polybutylene succinate copolymer, polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol copolymer, and polylactide-glycolide.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the modified nano-silica may be modified by at least one of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and 4-aminobutyltriethoxysilane, or by a plurality of nano-silicas at any ratio.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the degradable sand carrying agent can have a length of 3-5 mm, a diameter of 30-100 μm, and a degradation rate of less than 10% at 120 ℃ for 3 h.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the base fluid may be a water-based drilling fluid or completion fluid for use in conducting wells, a conducting well oil-based drilling fluid or completion fluid.
In another aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a drilling well rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid is provided, and the method for preparing the drilling well rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid may include the following steps:
according to the raw material proportion corresponding to the degradable sand carrying agent, adding the aliphatic polyester polymer high-molecular copolymer, the modified nano-silica, the chain extender, the hydrolysis resistant agent and the antioxidant into a high-speed blender for blending, uniformly mixing the components, and then performing melt blending extrusion granulation to prepare the degradable composite material, wherein the blending temperature is 160-200 ℃;
vacuum drying the prepared degradable composite material at the temperature of 80-120 ℃, and preparing fibers by a melt spinning-drafting two-step method to obtain the degradable sand carrying agent for drilling, rock carrying and sand cleaning;
and mixing the degradable sand carrying agent, the base fluid and the organic molybdenum anti-friction agent according to the raw material proportion to obtain the drilling well rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a method of cleaning a well bore suitable for use in a drilling and completion process, the method of cleaning the well bore using any one of the drilling and rock-carrying sand cleaning fluids described above.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the wellbore cleaning method may comprise the steps of: when the drilling tool is lowered to the bottom of the well, the drilling tool is normally rotated, the slurry pump is utilized to inject the drilling and rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid into the well in a slug mode, the discharge capacity of the drilling and rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid is not lower than the normal construction discharge capacity, and the effective pumping capacity of the drilling and rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid is not lower than the length of the section of an open hole annulus which is covered by the effective pumping capacity and is not lower than the preset length; and after the drilling well rock-carrying sand-removing liquid is completely circulated to the open-hole annular section, stopping the rotation of the drilling tool, moving the drilling tool up and down by taking the length of one single drilling tool as a distance, then continuously rotating the drilling tool, and repeating the steps until the drilling well rock-carrying sand-removing liquid completely returns to the ground.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the wellbore cleaning method may further comprise: after the drilling well rock-carrying sand-cleaning liquid returns to the ground, the screen surface angle of the vibrating screen is adjusted according to the slurry returning condition of the vibrating screen, the slurry leakage condition is avoided, the rock debris and the degradable sand-carrying agent which are screened by the vibrating screen are recovered and treated by a cleaning system, the drilling completion liquid separated by the vibrating screen does not need to be recovered or treated, the drilling well completion liquid directly participates in subsequent circulation, and the drilling well rock-carrying sand-cleaning liquid is continuously circulated for 1 or more circulation periods after being completely returned, so that the rock-carrying sand-cleaning operation is fully completed.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined length may be 200 to 250 m.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention can comprise at least one of the following:
(1) the drilling tool can be used in the drilling and completion process, and can effectively carry out well bottom rock debris or fall blocks to return to the ground, so that the friction torque of the drilling tool is reduced;
(2) the construction process is simple, the operability is strong, the property change of the wellbore fluid before and after treatment is small, and meanwhile, the sand-carrying agent remained in the open hole section can be degraded at high temperature (for example, the high temperature degradation can be carried out at the temperature of more than 60 ℃), so that the later construction is not influenced;
(3) the density of the rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid is approximately the same as that of the fluid in the shaft, and the density of the rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid and that of the fluid in the shaft are kept stable, so that the risk of stratum leakage by pressure is avoided.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the drilling cuttings-carrying cleaning fluid, the preparation method thereof, and the wellbore cleaning method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.
In the present invention, a large displacement directional well refers to a directional well having a displacement to vertical depth ratio of 2 or more.
In one exemplary embodiment of the invention relating to a drilling rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid, the sand cleaning fluid comprises a base fluid, a degradable sand-carrying agent and an organic molybdenum anti-friction agent. Wherein the total volume of the base fluid is taken as a reference, and the addition of the degradable sand-carrying agent is 0.1-1.0% in percentage by mass and volume; the addition amount of the organic molybdenum antifriction agent is 1-3%. For example, the base fluid may be a water-based drilling or completion fluid for use in conducting a well, an oil-based drilling or completion fluid for use in conducting a well.
Referring to table 1 below, a number of specific examples of the formulation of the drilling cuttings carrying fluid are shown in detail.
TABLE 1 concrete examples of drilling, rock-carrying and sand-cleaning fluids
The degradable sand carrying agent is prepared by melt blending and spinning materials comprising 36-60 parts by weight of aliphatic polyester polymer, 36-60 parts by weight of high-molecular copolymer and 0.5-3 parts by weight of modified nano-silica. For example, the material can also comprise 36 to 60 percent of aliphatic polyester polymer, 36 to 60 percent of high molecular copolymer and 0.5 to 3 percent of modified nano silicon dioxide by weight percentage. In addition, the material can also contain 0.1-1 part of chain extender, 0.5-2 parts of anti-hydrolysis agent and 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant. For example, the material can also contain 0.1-1% of chain extender, 0.5-2% of anti-hydrolysis agent and 0.5-2% of antioxidant.
Certainly, the material can also be composed of 36-60 wt% of aliphatic polyester polymer, 0.5-3 wt% of modified nano silica, 0.1-1 wt% of chain extender, 0.5-2 wt% of anti-hydrolysis agent, 0.5-2 wt% of antioxidant and the balance of high molecular copolymer.
Specific examples of the relevant raw materials and proportions of the materials making up the degradable sand-carrying agent are detailed with reference to table 2 below.
TABLE 2 concrete Material proportion (weight/kg) of degradable sand carrying agent
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing a degradable sand-carrying agent comprises the steps of:
forming corresponding materials according to any one of the above proportions, adding the materials into a high-speed blender for blending to uniformly mix the components, and then carrying out melt blending extrusion granulation to prepare the degradable composite material, wherein the blending temperature is 160-200 ℃;
and then, drying the prepared degradable composite material in vacuum at the temperature of 80-120 ℃, and preparing fibers by a melt spinning-drafting two-step method to obtain the degradable sand carrying agent for drilling rock carrying and sand cleaning. In addition, the spinning temperature can be 180-240 ℃, the drafting temperature can be 60-90 ℃, the heat setting temperature can be 120-160 ℃, and the spinning speed can be 800-1600 r/min. The vacuum drying time may be 12 hours or more, for example, 12 to 24 hours.
Before the step of forming the corresponding material according to any one of the above ratios, the aliphatic polyester-based polymer and the high molecular copolymer may be dried under vacuum at 60 to 120 ℃ to obtain a dried raw material. The vacuum drying time may be 12 hours or more, for example, 12 to 24 hours.
Specific examples of methods for preparing degradable sand carriers using the materials of examples 1-5 above are detailed with reference to table 3 below.
TABLE 3 concrete preparation method of degradable sand-carrying agent
Table 4 below details the performance parameters of the degradable sand carriers prepared by the above examples in table 3.
TABLE 4 specific Performance parameters of degradable Sand carrying Agents
Referring to table 4, it can be seen that the preparation method of the present invention can prepare the degradable sand carrying agent with a length of 3-5 mm, a diameter of 100-200 μm, and a degradation rate of less than 10% at 120 ℃ for 3 hours. The preparation construction process of the sand-carrying liquid is simple and has strong operability. The requirement on the degradation rate of the sand carrying agent in the rock carrying process is low, and the sand carrying agent can be free from or rarely degraded. After the rock-carrying and sand-removing process is finished, if the sand-carrying agent is retained at the bottom of a well or on a tool, the sand-carrying agent can be degraded after a period of time, so that the subsequent operation or the tool is prevented from being influenced. The higher the temperature of the sand carrying agent material is, the faster the degradation speed is. The property change of the fluid of the well bore before and after treatment is small, and the property adjustment of the drilling and completion fluid at the back can be omitted. The density of the rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid is approximately the same as that of the fluid in the shaft, and the risk of stratum leakage by pressure is avoided. Although the density of the rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid is not completely the same, the actually measured value is basically not changed due to the limitation of the precision of the on-site measurement method and the like, the displayed result is that the density of the rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid is the same as the density of the wellbore fluid, in the practical application, the density stability of the rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid and the wellbore fluid needs to be ensured at any time, and even if the density is changed, the density needs to be controlled to a certain value, so that the formation is prevented from being pressed and leaked, and complex accidents are caused.
In the following, table 5 shows the basic borehole conditions of the rock-carrying sand-removing wells in different embodiments, and rock-carrying sand-removing operations are carried out according to specific borehole cleaning methods and step parameters of various drilling rock-carrying sand-removing liquids in table 1.
TABLE 5 example basic wellbore parameters for sand-carrying well
| Examples of the invention | Borehole ruler (mm) | Deflecting segment length (m) | Horizontal segment length (m) | Oblique angle (degree) |
| 1 | Φ149.2 | / | 600 | 90 |
| 2 | Φ215.9 | / | 1200 | 96.43 |
| 3 | Φ215.9 | / | 1500 | 91.97 |
| 4 | Φ215.9 | 500 | / | 0～90.7 |
| 5 | Φ241.3 | 1000 | / | 0～80.7 |
The following table 6 details performance parameters or use effects of the drilling rock-carrying sand-cleaning fluid and the wellbore cleaning method thereof in each example of the above tables 1 and 5.
TABLE 6 borehole rock-carrying sand-cleaning effect data
In particular, the more debris carried out, the better the effect on the reduction of the friction torque in principle. The examples are only used for expressing that the carrying treatment can be carried out according to the relevant operation, and the value of the value does not necessarily represent that the material is optimal. Previously, the effect was only to achieve degradation characteristics at different high temperatures and effective conditions for processing into fibers for the composition of the treating agent and the processing conditions.
In conclusion, the rock-carrying sand-cleaning liquid and the well hole cleaning method thereof provided by the invention are suitable for the drilling and completion processes of large-displacement directional wells and horizontal wells, and can effectively carry out-well debris or fall blocks to return to the ground, thereby reducing the friction torque of drilling tools; the construction process is simple, the operability is strong, the property change of the shaft fluid before and after treatment is small, and meanwhile, the sand-carrying agent remained in the open hole section can be degraded at high temperature and has no influence on later construction; the density of the rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid is the same as that of the shaft fluid, so that the risk of stratum leakage by pressure is avoided, and the rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid has a wide application prospect.
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. The drilling rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid is characterized by comprising a base fluid, a degradable sand-carrying agent and an organic molybdenum antifriction agent, wherein the total volume of the base fluid is taken as a reference, and the base fluid is calculated according to mass volume percentage,
the addition amount of the degradable sand-carrying agent is 0.1-1.0%;
the addition amount of the organic molybdenum antifriction agent is 1-3%;
the degradable sand carrying agent is prepared by at least melting, blending and spinning 36-60 parts by weight of aliphatic polyester polymer, 36-60 parts by weight of high-molecular copolymer and 0.5-3 parts by weight of modified nano-silica.
2. The drilling well rock-carrying sand-cleaning fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the degradable sand-carrying agent further comprises 0.1-1 part of a chain extender, 0.5-2 parts of an anti-hydrolysis agent and 0.5-2 parts of an antioxidant.
3. The drilling rock-carrying sand-cleaning fluid according to claim 1, wherein the aliphatic polyester-based polymer is one or more of polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and polybutylene succinate in any proportion.
4. The drilling well rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid according to claim 1, wherein the high molecular copolymer is one or more of polylactic acid-polybutylene succinate copolymer, polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol copolymer and polylactide-glycolide.
5. The drilling rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified nano-silica is modified by at least one of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 4-aminobutyltriethoxysilane or by multiple kinds of nano-silica in any proportion.
6. The drilling well rock-carrying sand-cleaning fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the degradable sand-carrying agent has a length of 3-5 mm, a diameter of 30-100 μm, and a degradation rate of less than 10% at 120 ℃ for 3 h.
7. The drilling, rock-carrying and sand-cleaning fluid of claim 1, wherein the base fluid is a water-based drilling fluid or completion fluid for well completion, a well-oil-based drilling fluid, or completion fluid.
8. The preparation method of the drilling well rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
according to the corresponding raw material proportion of the degradable sand carrying agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, adding the aliphatic polyester polymer high-molecular copolymer, the modified nano-silica, the chain extender, the hydrolysis resistance agent and the antioxidant into a high-speed blender for blending, uniformly mixing the components, and then performing melt blending extrusion granulation to prepare the degradable composite material, wherein the blending temperature is 160-200 ℃;
vacuum drying the prepared degradable composite material at 80-120 ℃, and preparing fibers by a melt spinning-drafting two-step method to obtain the degradable sand carrying agent for drilling rock carrying and sand cleaning;
mixing the degradable sand carrying agent, the base fluid and the organic molybdenum anti-friction agent according to the raw material proportion of any one of claims 1 to 6 to obtain the drilling well rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid.
9. A method of cleaning a wellbore during drilling and completion, wherein the method of cleaning the wellbore uses a drilling cuttings-carrying cleaning fluid as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. The method of claim 9, comprising the steps of:
after the drilling tool is lowered to the bottom of the well, the drilling tool is normally rotated, the slurry pump is utilized to inject the drilling rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid into the well in a slug mode, the discharge capacity of the drilling rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid is not lower than the normal construction discharge capacity, and the effective pumping capacity of the drilling rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid is not lower than the length of the open hole annular section covered by the effective pumping capacity of the drilling rock-carrying sand cleaning fluid and is not lower than the preset length;
and after the drilling well rock-carrying sand-removing liquid is completely circulated to the open-hole annular section, stopping the rotation of the drilling tool, moving the drilling tool up and down by taking the length of one single drilling tool as a distance, then continuously rotating the drilling tool, and repeating the steps until the drilling well rock-carrying sand-removing liquid completely returns to the ground.
11. The wellbore cleaning method of claim 10, further comprising: after the drilling well rock-carrying sand-cleaning liquid returns to the ground, the screen surface angle of the vibrating screen is adjusted according to the slurry returning condition of the vibrating screen, the slurry leakage condition is avoided, the rock debris and the degradable sand-carrying agent which are screened by the vibrating screen are recovered and treated by a cleaning system, the drilling completion liquid separated by the vibrating screen does not need to be recovered or treated, the drilling well completion liquid directly participates in subsequent circulation, and the drilling well rock-carrying sand-cleaning liquid is continuously circulated for 1 or more circulation periods after being completely returned, so that the rock-carrying sand-cleaning operation is fully completed.
12. A method of cleaning a wellbore according to claim 10 wherein the predetermined length is 200-250 m.
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