CN114620988B - Quick setting stemming material for blasting hole filling - Google Patents
Quick setting stemming material for blasting hole filling Download PDFInfo
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- CN114620988B CN114620988B CN202210164373.7A CN202210164373A CN114620988B CN 114620988 B CN114620988 B CN 114620988B CN 202210164373 A CN202210164373 A CN 202210164373A CN 114620988 B CN114620988 B CN 114620988B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/18—Plugs for boreholes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a quick setting stemming material for filling blasting blastholes, and relates to the technical field of engineering blasting. The quick-setting stemming composite material A comprises two composite materials A and B, and comprises: sulphoaluminate cement clinker, bentonite, a retarder and a dispersant. The rapid hardening stemming composite material B comprises: gypsum, quicklime, calcium carbonate, a quick setting agent and an early strength agent. When the quick setting stemming material is used, the material A, the material B and water are prepared into slurry according to the mass ratio of 1 (1-3), the slurry prepared from the material A and the material B is fully mixed according to the volume ratio of 1 when the quick setting stemming material is used, and the mixture is conveyed into a blast hole through a pump and a pipeline and is quickly set into solid quick setting stemming. The invention is applied to blasting operation construction scenes, has the same filling effect and effect as manual filling of stemming, can pump to realize blasting operation blast hole filling mechanical operation, and is beneficial to improving the automation operation level and the blasting effect of blasting operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, in particular to a quick setting stemming material for filling blasting holes.
Background
The stemming material for blocking blast holes used in blasting operation construction is commonly called stemming, the stemming materials used most in underground blasting operation at present are clay soil, loess and the like which are locally obtained, and sometimes, a certain proportion of fine sand is doped in the soil in order to improve the blocking effect. Although there are some research reports on novel filling materials such as expansive cement and polyurethane materials, no practical popularization and application in engineering is obtained.
At present, blast hole filling operation in underground blasting engineering is carried out manually, and the stemming needs to be manually fed into the blast hole little by little and tamped by a gun rod. The stemming machine only makes loose stemming into a column shape, and still needs to be manually fed into a blast hole section by section and tamped by a gun rod when the stemming is filled. The process of filling the blast hole can not realize mechanized operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a rapid hardening stemming material for blast hole plugging, where the rapid hardening stemming material is prepared by adding water into a single slurry, and then the single slurry is mixed by pumping into a rapid hardening stemming slurry, and then the rapid hardening stemming slurry is conveyed into a blast hole through a pipeline, and rapidly solidifies in the blast hole to form a solid rapid hardening stemming, so as to achieve the purpose and the plugging effect of blast hole plugging, achieve mechanical blast hole plugging, and facilitate improvement of a blasting effect and improvement of an automation level of the blasting operation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides a quick setting stemming material for filling blasting blastholes, which is characterized by comprising the following components: a material and B material.
Optionally, the material A and the material B are solid materials, and are prepared by adding water respectively and mixed to form the solid quick setting stemming.
Optionally, the application process of the quick setting stemming material is as follows: mixing and stirring the material A and water according to a first mass ratio to form slurry A, and mixing and stirring the material B and water according to a second mass ratio to form slurry B;
mixing the slurry A and the slurry B in a volume ratio of 1;
the quick setting stemming slurry is solidified within a preset time to form solid quick setting stemming.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the material A to the water in the first mass ratio is 1 (1-3), and the mass ratio of the material B to the water in the second mass ratio is 1 (1-3).
Optionally, the preset time is 30 s-5 min, and the compressive strength of the solid rapid hardening stemming is not lower than 0.2MPa in30 min.
Optionally, the a material comprises: sulphoaluminate cement clinker, bentonite, a retarder and a dispersant.
According to the mass percentage, the sulphoaluminate cement clinker accounts for 80.5 to 94.1 percent, the bentonite accounts for 4.7 to 14.9 percent, the retarder accounts for 0.27 to 3 percent, and the dispersant accounts for 0.09 to 2.1 percent.
Optionally, the material a further comprises: a suspending agent. The suspending agent accounts for 0.18 to 2.1 percent of the material A by mass.
Optionally, the B material comprises: gypsum, quicklime, calcium carbonate, a quick setting agent and an early strength agent.
Optionally, by mass, 36-69% of gypsum, 4-19% of quicklime, 20-51% of calcium carbonate, 2-5% of an accelerator and 0.1-1% of an early strength agent.
Optionally, the accelerator is one or a combination of more than two of sodium metaaluminate, aluminum sulfate and sodium carbonate.
Optionally, the early strength agent is one or a combination of two or more of lithium carbonate, lithium chloride and calcium formate.
Optionally, the quick setting stemming material is a hole filling material for blasting operation.
The quick setting stemming material for blasting hole filling provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises two composite materials of a material A and a material B. The two composite materials of the material A and the material B can keep stability in a certain time after being stirred with water, and the single slurry has good fluidity. When the blast hole is clogged to needs, only need pass through the pipeline with the thick liquid of preparation and mix and carry preset position in the blast hole, compare in traditional stemming festival manual work and clog, the continuity is good, and the thick liquid can produce slight inflation at the self setting in-process, with pore wall close coupling, produces good filling, is convenient for promote to fill shutoff effect to be favorable to improving the blasting effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph of water-cement ratio versus initial setting time of a rapid hardening stemming slurry according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the addition amount of an accelerator and the setting time of an accelerator stemming slurry according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of the early strength agent added and the initial setting time of the rapid hardening stemming slurry according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the addition amount of a retarder and the initial setting time of a rapid hardening stemming slurry according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be apparent that numerous technical details are set forth in the following specific examples in order to provide a more thorough description of the present invention, and it should be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these details. In addition, some methods, means, components and applications thereof known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the gist of the present invention, but the implementation of the present invention is not affected thereby. The embodiments described herein are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
The rapid hardening stemming material provided by the embodiment of the invention is composed of two composite materials A and B, and is suitable for manufacturing the rapid hardening stemming which is used for plugging and blocking blast holes of blasting engineering.
The material A and the material B are solid materials, and are prepared by respectively adding water and mixed to form the solid rapid hardening stemming.
The quick setting stemming composite material A comprises: sulphoaluminate cement clinker, bentonite, a retarder and a dispersant.
Specifically, the sulphoaluminate cement clinker aggregate accounts for 80.5-94.1 wt%, the bentonite accounts for 4.7-14.9 wt%, the retarder accounts for 0.27-3 wt%, and the dispersant accounts for 0.09-2.1 wt%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the material a further comprises: a suspending agent. The suspending agent accounts for 0.18-2.1% by mass.
Further, the retarder is one or a composition of more than two of citric acid, glucose and sorbitol.
The dispersing agent is one or a composition of two of calcium lignosulphonate and sodium tripolyphosphate.
The suspending agent is one or a composition of more than two of xanthan gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
The component of the material A is a solid material.
The quick-setting stemming composite material, namely the material A, has the characteristic of high cement ratio, can keep stability within 8 hours after being stirred with water, and has good single slurry fluidity.
The quick setting stemming composite material B comprises: gypsum, quicklime, calcium carbonate, a quick setting agent and an early strength agent.
Specifically, by mass percent, 36-69% of gypsum, 4-19% of quicklime, 20-51% of calcium carbonate, 2-5% of accelerating agent and 0.1-0.5% of early strength agent.
Furthermore, the accelerating agent is one or a composition of more than two of sodium metaaluminate, aluminum sulfate and sodium carbonate.
The quick-setting agent is added to enable the prepared quick-setting stemming slurry to be quickly solidified and hardened after being filled into a blast hole, the quick-setting stemming slurry is generally a powdery solid, and the initial setting time and the final setting time of the quick-setting stemming slurry are influenced by the adding amount of the quick-setting agent.
The early strength agent is one or a composition of more than two of lithium carbonate, lithium chloride and calcium formate.
The early strength agent is added to accelerate the hardening speed of the quick setting stemming and promote the development of the early strength of the quick setting stemming.
In this embodiment, each component of the material B is a solid material.
The quick-setting stemming composite material, namely the material B, also has the characteristic of high cement ratio, can keep stability within 8 hours after being stirred with water, and has good single slurry fluidity.
The quick setting stemming material provided by the embodiment of the invention can keep stability in a certain time after being stirred with water, and has good single slurry fluidity. When need pack the hole sealing, only need pass through the conveyer pipe with the thick liquid of preparation and carry predetermined position in the big gun hole, compare in traditional stemming a festival manual work and pack, the continuity is good, and the thick liquid can produce slight inflation at the self-setting in-process, with pore wall close coupling, produces good packing, is favorable to promoting to pack the shutoff effect to be favorable to improving blasting effect
On the basis of the quick setting stemming material, the embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation process of the quick setting stemming material;
the application process of the rapid hardening stemming material comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring the material A and water according to a first mass ratio to form slurry A, and mixing and stirring the material B and water according to a second mass ratio to form slurry B;
mixing the slurry A and the slurry B according to the volume ratio of 1;
the quick setting stemming slurry is solidified within a preset time to form solid quick setting stemming.
The quick setting stemming material for filling the blasting hole provided by the embodiment of the invention is prepared by mixing the material A, the material B and water, the quick setting stemming slurry formed by mixing can complete initial setting in a short time, the quick setting stemming slurry immediately loses fluidity after being filled into the blasting hole to form solid quick setting stemming, and slight expansion can be generated in the process of forming a solidified body so as to generate close contact with the hole wall to form good filling, so that the blasting effect can be improved.
In some embodiments, the first mass ratio of the material a to the water is 1: (1-3), wherein the mass ratio of the material B to the water in the second mass ratio is 1: (1-3).
The equipment used in the preparation process of the rapid hardening stemming material mainly comprises the following components: and the two sets of stirring equipment are respectively used for stirring the material A and the material B to prepare slurry A and slurry B.
And the pump equipment and the mixer are used for pumping the slurry A and the slurry B to the mixer, and the mixer is used for mixing the slurry A and the slurry B to prepare the quick setting stemming slurry.
The rapid hardening stemming slurry is conveyed to the filling head at the end part through the conveying pipeline, fully reacts in the conveying pipeline and has certain viscosity, and flows out from the filling head.
And the filling head is used for inserting into the blast hole to fill the rapid hardening stemming slurry. The quick setting stemming slurry filled into the blast hole can lose fluidity in a short time, cannot flow out of the blast hole, can improve strength in a short time under the action of the early strength agent, and is tightly combined with the hole wall under slight self expansion, so that the blast hole is filled, and the aim of improving the blasting effect is fulfilled.
At present, in deep hole blasting, high-water materials are also adopted for hole sealing, but the materials still have certain fluidity after being injected, and stemming or cotton yarn needs to be used for sealing an orifice to prevent backflow.
As described above, the rapid hardening stemming provided by the embodiment of the present invention can lose fluidity in a short time after being stuffed into a blast hole, does not flow out of the blast hole, can improve strength in a short time under the action of an early strength agent, and can be tightly combined with a hole wall under the slight self expansion to achieve the purpose of stemming the blast hole and further improving the blasting effect.
Example of preparation of a quick setting stemming slurry: the starting materials in the following preparation examples are all commercially available.
Preparation example 1
Taking a material A and a material B according to the following mass percentage, wherein the material A comprises: 36kg of sulphoaluminate cement, 4kg of bentonite, 0.36kg of glucose and 0.16kg of calcium lignosulfonate; the material B comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 24kg of gypsum, 5.2kg of quicklime, 10kg of calcium carbonate, 1.2kg of sodium metaaluminate and 0.12kg of lithium carbonate.
Adding water into the material A and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the material A to the water is 1; adding water into the material B and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the material B to the water is 1; and uniformly mixing the slurry A and the slurry B which are formed after water is added and stirred in a volume ratio of 1. The quick-setting stemming slurry has initial setting time of 1min30s, final setting time of 30min and final setting strength not lower than 0.2MPa. The stirring and mixing may be carried out by the above-mentioned apparatus.
Preparation example 2
The quick setting stemming comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the material A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 36kg of sulphoaluminate cement, 2kg of bentonite, 0.4kg of glucose, 0.24kg of citric acid, 0.48kg of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.12kg of xanthan gum; the material B comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 22kg of gypsum, 6kg of quicklime, 9.6kg of calcium carbonate, 1.4kg of sodium metaaluminate and 0.24kg of lithium chloride.
Adding water into the material A and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the material A to the water is 1.5; adding water into the material B and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the material B to the water is 1; and uniformly mixing the slurry A and the slurry B after being stirred by adding water in a volume ratio of 1.
Preparation example 3
The quick setting stemming comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the material A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 36kg of sulphoaluminate cement, 4kg of bentonite, 0.16kg of glucose, 0.36kg of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 0.48kg of sodium tripolyphosphate; the material B comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 24kg of gypsum, 5.6kg of quicklime, 10kg of calcium carbonate, 1.32kg of aluminum sulfate and 0.08kg of calcium formate.
Adding water into the material A and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the material A to the water is 1.5; adding water into the material B and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the material B to the water is 1; and uniformly mixing the slurry A and the slurry B after being stirred by adding water in a volume ratio of 1.
Influence of partial components on the performance of the quick setting gun slurry: as shown in fig. 1, it can be seen from the graph of the water-cement ratio and the initial setting time of the rapid hardening stemming slurry that the initial setting time of the rapid hardening stemming slurry as a whole tends to increase as the water-cement ratio increases.
As shown in fig. 2, the initial setting time of the rapid hardening stemming slurry as a whole is continuously reduced as the addition amount of the accelerator (sodium metaaluminate for example) is increased.
As shown in fig. 3, the initial setting time of the rapid hardening stemming slurry slightly increases as a whole as the amount of the early strength agent added increases.
As shown in fig. 4, the initial setting time of the rapid hardening stemming slurry as a whole slightly increases as the addition amount of the retarder increases.
Experiments show that the initial setting time of the rapid hardening stemming slurry is hardly influenced by the change of the addition amount of the dispersing agent.
The influence of other components on the performance of the quick setting stemming slurry is not shown in a specific figure, but experiments show that the initial setting time of the quick setting stemming slurry is gradually increased along with the increase of the addition amount of the gypsum; along with the increase of the addition amount of the quicklime, the initial setting time of the quick setting stemming slurry is gradually increased; the initial setting time of the rapid hardening stemming slurry is gradually reduced along with the increase of the addition amount of the bentonite, the initial setting time of the rapid hardening stemming slurry is gradually reduced along with the increase of the addition amount of the calcium carbonate, and the initial setting time of the rapid hardening stemming slurry is gradually reduced along with the increase of the addition amount of the cement clinker.
The application example of the prepared quick setting stemming slurry is as follows:
the quick setting stemming slurry is used for filling blast holes. The rapid hardening stemming slurry prepared according to the embodiment of the invention is used for filling blast holes, the slurry prepared from the materials A and B does not bleed after being mixed, the initial setting time is between 30s and 5min, and the initial setting time can be adjusted according to the field requirement. The final setting time is about 30min, and the compressive strength is close to 0.2MPa at the moment. The solidified body can slightly expand in the self-solidifying process and is tightly combined with the hole wall, so that a good filling effect is produced, and the blasting effect is favorably improved.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A rapid setting stemming material for use in blast hole stemming, comprising: a material and B material;
mixing and stirring the material A and water according to a first mass ratio to prepare slurry A, and mixing and stirring the material B and water according to a second mass ratio to prepare slurry B;
mixing the slurry A and the slurry B according to the volume ratio of 1;
the rapid hardening stemming slurry is solidified in a preset time to form solid rapid hardening stemming;
the preset time is 30 s-5 min, and the compressive strength of the solid rapid hardening stemming is not lower than 0.2MPa in30 min;
wherein the material A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 80.5 to 94.1 percent of sulphoaluminate cement clinker, 4.7 to 14.9 percent of bentonite, 0.27 to 3 percent of retarder and 0.09 to 2.1 percent of dispersant; the material B comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 36 to 69 percent of gypsum, 4 to 19 percent of quicklime, 20 to 51 percent of calcium carbonate, 2 to 5 percent of accelerating agent and 0.1 to 1 percent of early strength agent; adding water into the material A and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the material A to the water is 1: (1-3); adding water into the material B and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the material B to the water is 1 (1-3); and uniformly mixing the slurry A and the slurry B after being stirred by adding water in a volume ratio of 1.
2. The rapid setting stemming material of claim 1, wherein the material A further comprises: the suspending agent accounts for 0.18 to 2.1 percent of the material A by mass.
3. The quick setting stemming material of claim 1, wherein the quick setting agent is one or a combination of two or more of sodium metaaluminate, aluminum sulfate, and sodium carbonate.
4. The rapid setting stemming material according to claim 1, wherein the early strength agent is one or a combination of two or more of lithium carbonate, lithium chloride, and calcium formate.
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| CN114264207B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2024-01-09 | 北方工业大学 | Automatic stemming blocking device for blasthole and stemming blocking method |
| CN115200440A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-10-18 | 北京中大昂晟科技发展有限公司 | Blasting hole mechanical filling construction equipment using quick setting stemming |
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| CN104692727B (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2016-08-31 | 中国长江三峡集团公司 | A kind of blast hole blocking gelling material possessing the micro-swollen characteristic of quick setting early strength |
| CN109384435A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2019-02-26 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | Blast hole stemming material, preparation method and blast hole stemming method |
| CN110194646B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2022-04-12 | 河南工业和信息化职业学院 | Mining inorganic rapid-setting perfusion blasting hole sealing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110746172A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-04 | 河南城建学院 | Environment-friendly double-liquid type grouting material and preparation method thereof |
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