CN114620183A - Method and device for reducing resistance of underwater vehicle - Google Patents
Method and device for reducing resistance of underwater vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114620183A CN114620183A CN202111606254.4A CN202111606254A CN114620183A CN 114620183 A CN114620183 A CN 114620183A CN 202111606254 A CN202111606254 A CN 202111606254A CN 114620183 A CN114620183 A CN 114620183A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- air cavity
- underwater vehicle
- water
- air
- wall
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
- B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
- B63B1/38—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
- B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
- B63B1/38—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes
- B63B2001/387—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes using means for producing a film of air or air bubbles over at least a significant portion of the hull surface
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
Abstract
The application aims to provide a method and a device for reducing the resistance of an underwater vehicle, wherein the surfaces of the existing underwater vehicle, which are in contact with water below the water surface, are isolated by gas, so that the mutual moving friction resistance is reduced; to achieve the above object, the present application is achieved by the following techniques: a method for reducing the resistance of an underwater vehicle, wherein the underwater vehicle is partially or completely immersed under the water surface, an air cavity is arranged at the bottom of the underwater vehicle, the opening of the air cavity is downward, so that the air in the air cavity is contacted with the water, and the contact between the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle and the water is replaced, because the friction force of the relative motion between the air and the water is far smaller than that of the relative motion between the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle and the water, the function of reducing the running resistance of the underwater vehicle is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of operation of underwater vehicles, in particular to a method and a device for reducing the resistance of an underwater vehicle.
Background
Compared with land transportation and air transportation, water transportation has the advantages of large cargo carrying capacity and low transportation cost, can be used in rivers, lakes and seas, is a main cargo transportation mode around the world, uses water transportation vehicles, and meets the resistance of water when the water transportation vehicles run in water, including various ships, particularly large freight ships, due to large contact area with water, and needs to be improved to improve efficiency and save cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method and a device for reducing the resistance of an underwater vehicle, which are used for isolating the surfaces of the existing underwater vehicles, which are in contact with water below the water surface, by using gas so as to reduce the mutual moving friction resistance.
To achieve the above object, the present application is achieved by the following techniques:
a method for reducing the resistance of an underwater vehicle, wherein the underwater vehicle is partially or completely immersed under the water surface, an air cavity is arranged at the bottom of the underwater vehicle, the opening of the air cavity is downward, so that the air in the air cavity is contacted with the water, and the contact between the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle and the water is replaced, because the friction force of the relative motion between the air and the water is far smaller than that of the relative motion between the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle and the water, the function of reducing the running resistance of the underwater vehicle is achieved.
An aquatic vehicle comprising an aquatic vehicle body, a lower portion of the aquatic vehicle body being submerged below a water surface, or the aquatic vehicle body being completely submerged below the water surface, characterized in that: an air cavity is arranged at the bottom of the underwater vehicle body, the opening of the air cavity is downward, air in the air cavity has pressure, and the air in the air cavity enables water to leave the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle body.
And an air pump is arranged in the underwater vehicle body and communicated with the air cavity through an air hole.
At least one water level sensor is arranged in the air cavity, the water level sensor detects the position of the water surface in the air cavity and outputs a signal to a controller arranged in the body of the underwater vehicle, and the controller controls the air pump to work and adjusts the air pressure in the air cavity; when the air in the air cavity leaks to cause the water surface in the air cavity to contact the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle body, the air pump is started to supplement air into the air cavity, so that the volume of the air is increased, and the water surface in the air cavity leaves the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle body; the gas in the air cavity can be air or gas with density less than that of the air.
The air cavity is provided with an air outlet which is arranged at the top of the air cavity, and the air outlet is communicated with the outside of the underwater vehicle body through a valve; the air outlets can be arranged in multiple numbers and can be integrated with the air holes, when the height of the underwater vehicle to the water surface needs to be reduced, air in the air cavity can be discharged through the air outlets, the air in the air cavity is reduced, and water flows into the air cavity; an air pump may also be used to exhaust the gas in the chamber.
The valve is an electric valve, the electric valve is connected with a controller, and the controller controls the electric valve to be opened and closed.
The front edge and the rear edge of the air cavity are provided with guide teeth, and the guide teeth face the direction opposite to the advancing direction of the underwater vehicle; the guide teeth are used for reducing the turbulence formed by water flow and reducing the water flow resistance.
The air cavity is provided with longitudinal clapboards along the front and rear central lines of the bottom of the underwater vehicle body, and the longitudinal clapboards isolate air in the air cavity; the longitudinal partition plate can reduce the waves formed by the up-and-down surging of water in the air cavity and can block the flow of air in the air cavity.
The air cavity is provided with an outer wall, the upper end of the outer wall of the air cavity is connected with the bottom of the underwater vehicle body and can be stretched or folded, so that the height of the air cavity is adjusted; the height of the body of the aquatic vehicle can be changed.
The cross section of the outer wall of the air cavity is wave-shaped and has elasticity, the elasticity enables the outer wall of the air cavity to be straightened, the outer wall of the air cavity is arranged around the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle, the lower end of the outer wall of the air cavity is provided with a stay wire, the stay wire is upwards wound on a winding and unwinding shaft, the outer wall of the air cavity is provided with a penetrating ring, the stay wire passes through the penetrating ring, the winding and unwinding shaft can be rotatably connected with the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle, the winding and unwinding shaft is driven by a winding and unwinding shaft motor arranged at the end part of the winding and unwinding shaft to rotate, when the winding and unwinding shaft is wound, the outer wall of the air cavity is upwards contracted, the outer wall of the air cavity is close to the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle, the air cavity is cancelled or the winding and unwinding shaft is released to be wound, the outer wall of the air cavity is downwards extended by means of self gravity and elasticity, the lower end of the outer wall of the air cavity is far away from the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle, and the air cavity is formed.
The method and the device are not only suitable for underwater vehicles running on the water surface, such as ships, but also can be used for underwater vehicles running under the water surface, such as submarines; when the underwater sound isolation device is used for a submarine, because the conduction of the sound by gas is different from that of water, sonar waves from the bottom direction of the submarine can be isolated, and the targets of the submarine are reduced.
By utilizing the method and the device, the underwater vehicle needs to be added with the air cavity device, the cross sectional area of a part of the advancing direction of the underwater vehicle is increased, but the buoyancy is also increased relative to the underwater vehicle, the outer wall of the air cavity is made of thin sheets, and the gravity generated by the weight of the air cavity is smaller than the buoyancy generated by the gas in the air cavity, so that the underwater vehicle which partially runs below the water surface has shallower draft compared with the condition without the air cavity, namely, more parts of the underwater vehicle float out of the water surface, therefore, the running resistance can be reduced, for the underwater vehicles which completely run below the water surface, the air cavity can reduce the ballast water amount of the underwater vehicle or reduce the weight of the underwater vehicle or increase the effective load, and the method and the device are also beneficial to the running of the underwater vehicle.
The beneficial effect of this application lies in: the application discloses a method and device for reducing aquatic vehicle resistance, can keep apart the surface of current aquatic vehicle below the surface of water and water contact with gas, because the mutual removal frictional force between gas and the water is far less than the mutual removal frictional force between aquatic vehicle bottom surface and the water, so can reduce mutual removal frictional resistance power by a wide margin, improve the speed of traveling, save the cost, can increase aquatic vehicle buoyancy simultaneously, can adjust the height between aquatic vehicle and the surface of water, can prevent aquatic shellfish class biological adhesion growth in the bottom surface of aquatic vehicle.
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a submersible vehicle according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a bottom schematic view of a submersible vehicle according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a bottom deflector tooth of an underwater vehicle according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a side schematic view of another underwater vehicle of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bottom air cavity structure of an underwater vehicle according to the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of the interior of a bottom air cavity structure of an underwater vehicle according to the present application;
in the figure, 1-a body of an underwater vehicle, 2-an air cavity, 3-a driving device, 4-a water surface, 5-guide teeth, 6-an air outlet, 7-a longitudinal partition, 8-the bottom of the underwater vehicle, 9-the outer wall of the air cavity, 10-a take-up and pay-off shaft, 11-a pull wire, 12-a take-up and pay-off shaft motor, 13-a built-in elastic strip and 14-a through ring.
Detailed Description
Referring to FIG. 1, a schematic side view of a marine vehicle of the present application; in the figure, a vehicle body 1 floats on the water surface 4, a driving device 3 is arranged at the rear part of the vehicle body 1 in water and used for driving the vehicle body in water to move, an air cavity 2 is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body 1 in water, the outer wall of the air cavity 2 surrounds the bottom edge of the vehicle in water, and an air isolation space is formed at the bottom of the vehicle body 1 in water, so that the bottom of the vehicle body 1 in water is not in contact with water, and the mutual moving friction force is reduced.
FIG. 2 is a bottom schematic view of a submersible vehicle according to the present application; in the figure, an air cavity 2 is arranged at the bottom of an underwater vehicle body 1, the outer wall of the air cavity 2 surrounds the bottom edge of the underwater vehicle, an air isolation space is formed at the bottom of the underwater vehicle body 1, guide teeth 5 are arranged at the front edge and the rear edge of the outer wall of the air cavity 2, the guide teeth 5 face to the opposite direction of the advancing direction of the underwater vehicle body 1, longitudinal partition plates 7 are arranged inside the air cavity 2 along the front and rear central lines of the underwater vehicle body 1 to separate the air inside the air cavity 2, the mutual flowing of the air inside the air cavity 2 is reduced, the fluctuation of the water flow at the bottom of the underwater vehicle body 1 is reduced, an air outlet 6 is arranged at the bottom of the underwater vehicle body 1 inside the air cavity 2 and used for discharging the air inside the air cavity 2, the air outlet 6 is communicated with the water surface through a valve, a plurality of air outlets 6 can be arranged, and an air pump is arranged inside the underwater vehicle body 1, the air pump is communicated with an air cavity through an air hole, at least one water level sensor is arranged in the air cavity, the water level sensor detects the position of the water surface in the air cavity 2, outputs a signal to a controller arranged in the underwater vehicle body 1, the controller controls the air pump to work and adjusts the air pressure in the air cavity 2, when the gas in the air cavity 2 leaks to cause the water surface in the air cavity 2 to contact the bottom of the underwater vehicle body 1, the air pump is started to supplement the gas in the air cavity 2, the volume of the gas in the air cavity 2 is increased, the gas in the air cavity 2 can be air or gas with density smaller than that of the air, such as hydrogen, the air outlet 6 can be integrated with the air hole, when the height of the underwater vehicle body 1 above the water surface needs to be reduced, the air in the air cavity 2 can be discharged through the air outlet 6, so that water flows into the air cavity 2, and the air in the air cavity 2 can also be discharged by using an air pump.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a bottom deflector tooth of an underwater vehicle according to the present application; the guide teeth 5 are arranged at the front and back positions of the rear edge of the front edge of the air cavity 2 close to the bottom of the underwater vehicle 1 in the attached drawing 2, a plurality of guide teeth 5 with a contracted shape are formed backwards, and the guide teeth 5 close to the back are shown in the attached drawing 3.
FIG. 4 is a side schematic view of another underwater vehicle of the present application; in the figure, a vehicle body 1 runs under a water surface 4 in a suspending mode, a driving device 3 is arranged at the rear portion of the underwater vehicle body 1 and used for driving the underwater vehicle body to move, an air cavity 2 is arranged at the bottom of the underwater vehicle body 1, the outer wall of the air cavity 2 surrounds the edge of the bottom of the underwater vehicle, an air isolation space is formed at the bottom of the underwater vehicle body 1, the bottom of the underwater vehicle body 1 is not in contact with water, and the mutual moving friction force is reduced.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bottom air cavity structure of an underwater vehicle according to the present application; FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of the interior of an air cavity structure at the bottom of a submersible vehicle according to the present application; the outer wall 9 of the air cavity 2 can be stretched or folded, so that the height of the air cavity 2 can be adjusted; the section of the outer wall 9 of the air cavity is wave-shaped and can be formed by gluing rubber and cloth, the outer wall 9 of the air cavity is provided with a built-in elastic strip 13 with elasticity, the outer wall 9 of the air cavity is straightened by the built-in elastic strip 13 of the bullet, the outer wall 9 of the air cavity is arranged around the bottom surface 8 of the underwater vehicle, the lower end of the outer wall 9 of the air cavity is provided with a stay wire 11, the stay wire 11 is wound upwards on a take-up and release shaft 10, the outer wall 9 of the air cavity is provided with a through ring 14, the take-up and release shaft 10 can be rotatably connected with the bottom surface 8 of the underwater vehicle, the take-up and release shaft 10 is rotated by a take-up and release shaft motor 12 arranged at the end part of the take-up and release shaft 10 to drive the take-up and release shaft 10 to rotate, when the take-up and release shaft 10 takes-up the stay wire 11, the outer wall 9 of the air cavity is contracted upwards to enable the outer wall 9 of the air cavity to be close to the bottom surface 8 of the underwater vehicle, the air cavity 2 is cancelled, or the take-up and the release shaft 10 releases the stay wire 11, and the outer wall 9 of the air cavity is extended downwards by self gravity and elasticity, the lower end of the outer wall 9 of the air cavity is far away from the bottom surface 8 of the underwater vehicle to form the air cavity 2, and when the longitudinal partition plate 7 is arranged inside the air cavity 2, the longitudinal partition plate 7 and the outer wall 9 of the air cavity adopt the same structure to be synchronously folded and unfolded.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, for example, various arrangements may be made to make the outer wall of the air cavity have a telescopic function, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for reducing the resistance of an underwater vehicle, wherein the underwater vehicle is partially or completely immersed under the water surface, an air cavity is arranged at the bottom of the underwater vehicle, the opening of the air cavity is downward, so that the air in the air cavity is contacted with the water, and the contact between the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle and the water is replaced, because the friction force of the relative motion between the air and the water is far smaller than that of the relative motion between the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle and the water, the function of reducing the running resistance of the underwater vehicle is achieved.
2. An aquatic vehicle comprising an aquatic vehicle body, a lower portion of the aquatic vehicle body being submerged below a water surface, or the aquatic vehicle body being completely submerged below a water surface, characterized in that: an air cavity is arranged at the bottom of the underwater vehicle body, the opening of the air cavity is downward, air in the air cavity has pressure, and the air in the air cavity enables water to leave the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle body.
3. A water vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and an air pump is arranged inside the underwater vehicle body and communicated with the air cavity.
4. A water vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: at least one water level sensor is arranged in the air cavity, the water level sensor detects the position of the water surface in the air cavity, signals are output to a controller arranged in the underwater vehicle body, and the controller controls the air pump to work and adjusts the air pressure in the air cavity.
5. A water vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the air cavity is provided with an air outlet which is arranged at the top of the air cavity, and the air outlet is communicated with the outside of the underwater vehicle body through a valve.
6. A water vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: the valve is an electric valve, the electric valve is connected with a controller, and the controller controls the electric valve to be opened and closed.
7. A water vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the front edge and the rear edge of the air cavity are provided with guide teeth, and the guide teeth face the direction opposite to the advancing direction of the underwater vehicle.
8. A water vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the air cavity is provided with longitudinal clapboards along the front and rear central lines of the bottom of the underwater vehicle, and the clapboards isolate air in the air cavity.
9. A water vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the air cavity is provided with an outer wall, the upper end of the outer wall of the air cavity is connected with the bottom of the underwater vehicle body, and the outer wall of the air cavity can be stretched or folded, so that the height of the air cavity is adjusted.
10. A water vehicle as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the cross section of the outer wall of the air cavity is wave-shaped and has elasticity, the elasticity enables the outer wall of the air cavity to be straightened, the outer wall of the air cavity is arranged around the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle, the lower end of the outer wall of the air cavity is provided with a stay wire, the stay wire is upwards wound on a winding and unwinding shaft, the outer wall of the air cavity is provided with a penetrating ring, the stay wire passes through the penetrating ring, the winding and unwinding shaft can be rotatably connected with the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle, the winding and unwinding shaft is driven by a winding and unwinding shaft motor arranged at the end part of the winding and unwinding shaft to rotate, when the winding and unwinding shaft is wound, the outer wall of the air cavity is upwards contracted, the outer wall of the air cavity is close to the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle, the air cavity is cancelled or the winding and unwinding shaft is released to be wound, the outer wall of the air cavity is downwards extended by means of self gravity and elasticity, the lower end of the outer wall of the air cavity is far away from the bottom surface of the underwater vehicle, and the air cavity is formed.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202111606254.4A CN114620183A (en) | 2021-12-26 | 2021-12-26 | Method and device for reducing resistance of underwater vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202111606254.4A CN114620183A (en) | 2021-12-26 | 2021-12-26 | Method and device for reducing resistance of underwater vehicle |
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CN114620183A true CN114620183A (en) | 2022-06-14 |
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CN202111606254.4A Withdrawn CN114620183A (en) | 2021-12-26 | 2021-12-26 | Method and device for reducing resistance of underwater vehicle |
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Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1247576A (en) * | 1969-01-28 | 1971-09-22 | Oswald Burgess | Improvements relating to hydroplane ships |
CN1280540A (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 2001-01-17 | 丹尼尔·J·玮珀 | Energy efficient system and method for reducing water friction on the hull of a marine vessel |
US6619220B1 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-09-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Hybrid SES/hovercraft with retractable skirt system |
KR20050016869A (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2005-02-21 | 디케이 그룹 엔.에이. 엔.브이. | Vessel with a bottom air cavity having an air deflector |
CN1704310A (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2005-12-07 | 蔡金琦 | Gas film resistance reducing device for ship |
CN102958794A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2013-03-06 | 克劳斯·林德曼 | Method and arrangement for reducing the water friction on water vehicles |
CN104080694A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2014-10-01 | 金成润 | Air cavity and air lubrication system ship having stern shape of stepped form around the propeller |
CN204606126U (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-02 | 中船重工船舶设计研究中心有限公司 | A kind of scalable enclosure device for boats and ships resistance reduction by air cavity system |
CN105584587A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-05-18 | 王小兵 | Self-suction steamship |
CN110498006A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-11-26 | 上海轻航气膜减阻船舶有限公司 | Air layers reducing resistance energy conservation ship |
-
2021
- 2021-12-26 CN CN202111606254.4A patent/CN114620183A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1247576A (en) * | 1969-01-28 | 1971-09-22 | Oswald Burgess | Improvements relating to hydroplane ships |
CN1280540A (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 2001-01-17 | 丹尼尔·J·玮珀 | Energy efficient system and method for reducing water friction on the hull of a marine vessel |
US6619220B1 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-09-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Hybrid SES/hovercraft with retractable skirt system |
KR20050016869A (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2005-02-21 | 디케이 그룹 엔.에이. 엔.브이. | Vessel with a bottom air cavity having an air deflector |
CN1704310A (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2005-12-07 | 蔡金琦 | Gas film resistance reducing device for ship |
CN102958794A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2013-03-06 | 克劳斯·林德曼 | Method and arrangement for reducing the water friction on water vehicles |
CN104080694A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2014-10-01 | 金成润 | Air cavity and air lubrication system ship having stern shape of stepped form around the propeller |
CN204606126U (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-02 | 中船重工船舶设计研究中心有限公司 | A kind of scalable enclosure device for boats and ships resistance reduction by air cavity system |
CN105584587A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-05-18 | 王小兵 | Self-suction steamship |
CN110498006A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-11-26 | 上海轻航气膜减阻船舶有限公司 | Air layers reducing resistance energy conservation ship |
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Application publication date: 20220614 |